CS206151B1 - Method of preparation of the liquid fertilizer and device for executing the same - Google Patents
Method of preparation of the liquid fertilizer and device for executing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CS206151B1 CS206151B1 CS110976A CS110976A CS206151B1 CS 206151 B1 CS206151 B1 CS 206151B1 CS 110976 A CS110976 A CS 110976A CS 110976 A CS110976 A CS 110976A CS 206151 B1 CS206151 B1 CS 206151B1
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- Prior art keywords
- urea
- fertilizer
- solution
- silo
- reservoir
- Prior art date
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
Vynález rieši postup a zariadenie pre přípravu kvapalného hnojivá na báze močoviny energeticky, investičně výhodným spósobom,SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a process and apparatus for the preparation of liquid urea-based fertilizer in an energy-efficient, cost-effective manner,
Kvapalné hnojivá, ako vhodné roztoky anorganických hnojivých solí, napr. dusičnanu amonného, dusičnanu horečnatého, síranu amonného, fosforečnanu amonného, polyfosforečnanu amonného, a to samostatné alebo ako zmes týchto solí a močovinou, predstavujú v súčasnosti progresívny trend vo vývoji agrochemickéj technologie. Ich vzájomný poměr je volený tak, aby sa dosiahlo optimálneho zloženia pri maximálnom obsahu požadovaných živin pri dobrých aplikačnýoh vlastnostiach, menovite nízkom bode tuhnutia.Liquid fertilizers, as suitable solutions of inorganic fertilizer salts, e.g. ammonium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, alone or as a mixture of these salts and urea, present a progressive trend in the development of agrochemical technology. Their ratio is chosen so as to achieve an optimum composition at the maximum content of the required nutrients with good application properties, namely a low pour point.
Ich příprava z vodných roztokov je jednoduchá, spravidla poměrovým zmiešaním horúcich vodných roztokov solí s teplotou 70 až 100 °C s horúcim vodným roztokom močoviny s koneentráciou 70 až 73 $ priamo zo syntézy s teplotou 80 až 120 °C. Takýto spósob je vhodný a plné ekonomický tam, kde sú potřebné suroviny o vhodnej koncentrácii a teplote roztoku priamo z ioh syntézy, alebo přípravy. Spósoby a zariadenie je pre takýto případ přípravy publikovaný napr. u NITROGEN 1971 2. 69, CHIM. PROM. 1969, 45 č. 10.Their preparation from aqueous solutions is simple, as a rule by proportionally mixing hot aqueous salt solutions at 70-100 ° C with hot aqueous urea solution having a concentration of 70-73 $ directly from synthesis at 80-120 ° C. Such a method is suitable and economical where raw materials of appropriate concentration and solution temperature are required directly from the synthesis or preparation. Methods and apparatus for such a preparation case are published e.g. in NITROGEN 1971 2. 69, CHIM. PROM. 1969, 45 no. 10th
V podmienkach přípravy kvapalných hnojiv, kde nie je k dispozici! syntézny roztok priamo z výroby močoviny, avšak Je k dispozíoii roztok hnojivých solí sa močovina přepravuje ako syntézny roztok s použitím technologie žmlešovania roztokov, Takýto spósob je nevýhodný, keSže přeprava močoviny v roztoku zvyšuje přepravné náklady o zníženú koncen206 151In conditions of liquid fertilizer preparation, where not available! Synthetic solution directly from urea production, but fertilizer salt solution is available as urea as a synthesis solution using solution milling technology. This is disadvantageous since transporting the urea in solution increases transportation costs by a reduced concentration.
208 131 tráoiu suroviny, ako aj náklady, ktoré su nevyhnutné na udržanie roztoku v tekutom stave pri dopravě. Vel*kotonážne výrobně vyžadujú budovanie investiSno néročnýoh ekladov pre roztok močoviny, kde počas skladovania dochádza k jej rozkladu. Z kinětiky rozkladu močoviny vyplývá, že napr. po dobu 100 hodin skladovania, teplotách nad bodom tuhnutia u 70 až 75 % roztoku močoviny stúpne obsah NH^ v dósledku jej rozkladu o 1 ¢, To komplikuje vlastnú přípravu hnojivých roztokov potřebou riešiť odstránenie vzniklého NH^, zvyáujú sa straty močoviny počas skladovania za tvorby nežiadúoeho biuretu,208 131 of the raw material, as well as the costs necessary to keep the solution in a liquid state during transport. Large-scale production facilities require the construction of undemanding ecodes for urea solution, where it decomposes during storage. The kinetics of urea decomposition implies that e.g. over 100 hours of storage, temperatures above the freezing point in 70-75% urea solution, the NH4 content rises by 1 sled due to its decomposition. This complicates the actual preparation of fertilizer solutions by the need to address the removal of NH4 formed. unwanted biuret,
Sú známe riešenia, pri ktorýoh sa přepravuje pevná močovina, z ktorej rozpúšťaním vo vodě sa připravuje roztok přibližné zhodnej koncentrácie k syntáznemu roztoku a jeho následným zmieSáváním s roztokmi hnojivých soli. Tu zariadenie pozostáva z dávkovača a miešadlom opatřeného zásobníka, ako aj úplného manipulačného skladovaoieho a traneportného vybavenia pre močovinu. Takýto postup je však mimoriadne náročný na energie, pre velká rozpúšťacie teplo močoviny (260 kJ/kg), Z týohto dóvodov je uvedený postup uplatněný len v malotonážnych výrobniach, prevážne poloprevádzkového charakteru.There are known solutions in which solid urea is transported, from which by dissolving in water a solution of approximately the same concentration to the synthase solution is prepared and then mixed with the fertilizer salt solutions. Here, the device consists of a dispenser and a stirrer-provided reservoir as well as complete urea handling and storage handling equipment. However, such a process is extremely energy intensive, because of the high dissolution heat of urea (260 kJ / kg). For these reasons, the process is applied only in small-scale production plants, mainly of semi-operational nature.
Rovnako sú známe postupy i zariadenia uplatňujúoe rozpúšťanie močoviny v miešanýoh zásobníhoch s přidáváním pevnej močoviny do horúceho roztoku hnojivýoh solí, ktoré sice eliminujú nároky na rozpúšťacie teplo močoviny, avšak pre výrobná linky β velkým výkonom 30 až 60 t/hod vyžadujú poměrně velký příkon el, energie, potřebný pre manipulačný, transport ný, dávkovači systém močoviny, ako i miešadlá v rozpúšťaoíoh zásobníkooh. Celková riešenie vyžaduje naviac budovanie ekladu močoviny, zariadenie pre jej manipuláoiu a je preto investičně náročná.There are also known methods and apparatuses for dissolving urea in stirred stock with the addition of solid urea to a hot solution of fertilizer salts, which eliminate the urge dissolution heat of the urea but require a relatively high power input for high β production lines of 30 to 60 t / h. the energy required for the urea handling, transport, dosing system, and agitators in the solvent cartridges. In addition, the overall solution requires the construction of the urea ecosystem, the equipment for its handling and is therefore capital intensive.
Uvedená nedostatky je možné odstrániť a riešiť principiálně iným spósobom přípravy kvapalnýoh hnojiv, pósobením roztokov hnojivýoh solí, alebo ioh zmesou na pevnú močovinu podl’a vynálezu. Jeho podstatou je, že do nepohyblivej vrstvy močoviny sa dávkujú roztoky hnojivýoh solí, alebo roztoky hnojivýoh solí s obsahom močoviny, s teplotou 40 až l4o °C, Zariadenie pre uskutočnenie takéhoto spósobu pripravy, pozostávajúoe zo sila pevnej močoviny, zásobníka roztoku, čerpadla, ohladiča, ohrievača, zmešovača, ukl*udňovača toku, podstatou ktorého je, že zásobník roztoku soli je přepojený cirkulačnými potrubiami so silom močoviny. Na prepojovaoom výstupnom potrubí zo zásobníka roztoku soli a vstupnom potrubí do sila pevnej močoviny je zaradená čerpadlo, prekonávajúoe bydraulioký odpor vrstvy pevnej močoviny a umožňujúoe súčasne cirkuláoiu roztoku medzi zásobnikom a silom. U přepojovač ieho potrubia medzi výtlakom čerpadla a zásobnikom roztoku hnojivýoh solí je zabudovaný ohrievaČ, alebo ohladič. Ioh zaradenie v okruhu dovol*uje měnit* podmienky a rýohlosť pripravy podl’a vstupných parametrov a vlastností použitýoh hnojivýoh soli, ako i typu připravovaného kvapálnáho hnojivá. Rovnaký účel má i zaradenie zmešovača, alebo ukl*udňovača toku v prepojovaoom potrubí výstupu zo sila pevnej močoviny a vstupu do zásobníka roztoku solí.The above-mentioned drawbacks can be overcome and remedied in principle by another method of preparing liquid fertilizers, by applying fertilizer salt solutions, or even by a solid urea mixture according to the invention. It is based on the fact that fertilizer salts or solutions of urea containing fertilizers with a temperature of 40 ° C to 140 ° C are metered into the immobilized urea layer. The heater, the mixer, the flow regulator, the essence of which is that the salt solution reservoir is interconnected by circulating pipes with urea force. A pump is provided at the interconnected outlet line from the salt solution reservoir and the solid urea silo inlet conduit to overcome the resistivity of the solid urea layer and simultaneously allow the solution to circulate between the reservoir and the silo. A heater or cooler is built into the manifold between the pump discharge and the fertilizer salt tank. Its inclusion in the circuit allows to change the conditions and preparedness of the preparation according to the input parameters and properties of the fertilizer salt used, as well as the type of liquid fertilizer being prepared. The same purpose is also to include a mixer or flow restrictor in the interconnecting piping of the solid urea silo outlet and the salt solution reservoir inlet.
Na pripojenom obrázku je znázorněná zariadenie pre prlpravu podl'a vynálezu, ktorý objasňuje podstatu vynálezu. Silo J_ pevnej močoviny ako železničný prepravnik je přepojené potrubiami v uzavřetom cirkulačnom okruhu so zásobnikom 2 roztoku hnojivýoh solí oezThe attached figure shows a device for the preparation according to the invention, which illustrates the essence of the invention. The solid urea silo 1 as a railway conveyor is interconnected by piping in a closed circulation circuit with a storage tank 2 of fertilizer salt solution.
206 1S:206 1S:
čerpadlo 2. Na výtlačnom potrubí čerpadla £ je zaradený ohrievač 2 a chladič 6 pre reguláciu optimálnych podmienok pripravy. Na výstupnom potrubí oirkulačného okruhu zo sila 1 pevnej močoviny a zásobníka 2 roztoku hnojivých solí je zaradený zmešovač £ a ulďudňovač 4 toku. Silo _1_ i zásobník 2 ®ň opatřené vážnými elementární 8.A heater 2 and a cooler 6 are provided on the discharge line of the pump 6 for controlling the optimum cooking conditions. A mixer 4 and a flow impeller 4 are provided at the outlet line of the solidification urea circuit 1 and the fertilizer salt container 2. The silo 1 and the reservoir 2 provided with serious elementary 8.
Příklad prevedenia:Example:
1. Na 36,0 t pevnej močoviny v sile, ktoré je súčasne prepravníkom, pdsobí sa podl’a pod mienok vynálezu 100 t 60 fy roztoku dusičnanu amonného s teplotou 70 °C z regenerácie odpa dovýoh vdd. Pri priebehu pdsobenia charakterizovaného týmito údajmi:1. According to the invention, a quantity of 100 tonnes of ammonium nitrate having a temperature of 70 ° C from the recovery of waste water shall be treated in accordance with the invention for 36.0 tonnes of solid urea in the silo. In the course of an adjustment characterized by the following data:
sa v konečnom Stádiu dosiahne kvapalné hnojivo β obsahom 30,55 fy N, pH 7 ai 8, bodom kryS talizáoie -11 °C.In the final stage, liquid fertilizer β is obtained with a content of 30.55 phy N, pH 7 and 18, at a point of crystallization of -11 ° C.
2, Do 40 t močoviny v sile, so zložením 99,5 fy mo&ovíny a 0,5 fy vody sa nastrekuje čerpadlom 68,63 t roztoku dusičnanu amonného s teplotou 100 °C s obsahom 69,4 fy dusičnanu amonného a 30,6 fy vody zo zásobníka. Po rozpuštění obsahu sila sa získá roztok so zložením 36,7 fy močoviny, 43,93 fy dusičnanu amonného, 19,37 fy vody, s teplotou 45 až 50 °C, ktorý ea prídavkom 3,2 t 69,4 fy dusičnanu amonného a 0,62 t vody upraví na konečné zloženie hnojivého roztoku 35,4 fy močoviny, 44,3 fy dusičnanu amonného, 20,3 % vody. Zmes sa preoirkuluje cez chladič, oohladí na 40. °C a 112,4 t hotovéj zmesi sa odčerpá na sklad.2. Up to 40 tonnes of urea in the strength of 99.5 phy urea and 0.5 phy of water are sprayed with a 68.63 ton ammonium nitrate solution at 100 ° C containing 69.4 phy ammonium nitrate and 30.6 phy water from the tank. After dissolution of the silo content, a solution of 36.7 phy urea, 43.93 phy ammonium nitrate, 19.37 phy water, at a temperature of 45-50 ° C, is obtained, which adds 3.2 t 69.4 phy ammonium nitrate and 0.62 t of water will make 35.4 phy urea, 44.3 phy ammonium nitrate, 20.3% water for the final fertilizer solution. The mixture was recirculated through a condenser, cooled to 40.degree. C., and 112.4 t of the final mixture was pumped to storage.
3. Do 40 t močoviny v sile, ktorá je súčasne prepravníkom so zložením 99,5 fy močoviny a 0,5 fy vody nastrekuje ea čerpadlem 109,1 t roztoku dusičnanových solí s teplotou 106 °C a zloženia 12,3 fy dusičnanu horečnatého, 14,4 fy dusičnanu vápenatého, 39,4 fy dusičnanu amonného, 33,9 fy vody zo zásobníka. Po rozpuštění obsahu močoviny v sile sa získá 149,1 t roztoku zloženia 9 fy dusičnanu horečnatého, 10,5 fy dusičnanu vápenatého, 28,8 fy dusičnanu amonného, 26,8 fy močoviny, 24,9 fy vody s teplotou 45 až 5θ °c· Získaný roztok v množstve 149,1 t cirkuluje cez chladič do dosiahnutia teploty 40 °C. Hnojivý roztok v prepravnom sile ea odtransportuje a zbytok sa odčerpá do skladu výrobku.3. Inject 109,1 t of 106 ° C nitrate salt solution and 12,3 fy of magnesium nitrate into the pump into the 40 t urea in the silo, which is simultaneously a 99,5 f urea and 0,5 f y water carrier; 14.4 phy calcium nitrate, 39.4 phy ammonium nitrate, 33.9 phy water from the reservoir. After dissolving the urea content in the silo, 149.1 t of a solution of 9 phy magnesium nitrate, 10.5 phy calcium nitrate, 28.8 phy ammonium nitrate, 26.8 phy urea, 24.9 phy water with a temperature of 45-5 ° C are obtained. c · The obtained 149.1 t solution was circulated through the condenser until a temperature of 40 ° C was reached. The fertilizer solution in the transporting force ea is transported and the rest is pumped to the product storage.
Spdsobom a zariadením podTa vynálezu sa obmedzí počet zariadení inak potřebných pre překládku, skladovanle, transport, dávkovanie močoviny, oproti iným známým postupom. Nie je nutné používat* močovinu s protispiekavou úpravou. Znížia sa investičné náklady na realizáoiu výrobnej linky. Vylúčia sa straty na močovině počas přepravy i skladovania. Obmedzí ea spotřeba el. energie inak potřebná pre prekladaoie, miešacie, transportné a dávkovač ie aparáty a zariadenia. V plnej miere sa využije rozpúSťaoieho tepla močoviny s minimálnou spotřebou cirkulačněj vody, inak potrebnej pre chladenie zmiešavanýoh roztokov. Vy lučuje sa potřeba dodávky tepla pre rozpúšťanie močoviny, respektívne dodávky tepla preThe method and apparatus of the invention limit the number of devices otherwise required for transhipment, storage, transport, urea dosing, as compared to other known methods. It is not necessary to use urea with anti-caking properties. The investment costs for the production line will be reduced. Losses of urea during transport and storage shall be excluded. Reduces ea power consumption. energy otherwise needed for transhipment, mixing, transport and dosing apparatus and equipment. Full use is made of the urea dissolving heat with the minimum consumption of circulating water, otherwise required for cooling the mixed solutions. It eliminates the need for heat supply for dissolving urea and heat supply for urea
206 1S1 udržanie roztoku močoviny v kvapalnou stave. Vylučuje sa následné rozklad močoviny, zvySovanie obsahu čpavku v připravovaných hnojivýoh roztokooh, ako i obsah biuretu.206 1S1 keeping the urea solution in a liquid state. It eliminates the subsequent decomposition of urea, the increase of ammonia content in the prepared fertilizer solutions as well as the biuret content.
Příprava kvapalnýoh hnojiv postupom a zariadením podTa vynálezu umožňuje veTkokapaoitnú výrobu, limitovaná len veTkosťou přepravného sila pevnej močoviny, ktoré mdžu byť čestné, železničně, alebo kontejnerového typu. Vylučuje praktioký nároky na manipuláciu s pevnou močovinou a minimalizuje počet praoovnýoh sil oproti doposiaí’ známým postupom vyohádzajúcich z rovnakých surovin.The preparation of liquid fertilizers according to the process and apparatus of the invention allows for large-scale production, limited only by the size of the transport urea of solid urea, which can be of honest, rail or container type. It eliminates the practical demands for handling solid urea and minimizes the number of preload forces compared to prior art practices based on the same raw materials.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS110976A CS206151B1 (en) | 1976-02-20 | 1976-02-20 | Method of preparation of the liquid fertilizer and device for executing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS110976A CS206151B1 (en) | 1976-02-20 | 1976-02-20 | Method of preparation of the liquid fertilizer and device for executing the same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS206151B1 true CS206151B1 (en) | 1981-06-30 |
Family
ID=5344609
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS110976A CS206151B1 (en) | 1976-02-20 | 1976-02-20 | Method of preparation of the liquid fertilizer and device for executing the same |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS206151B1 (en) |
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1976
- 1976-02-20 CS CS110976A patent/CS206151B1/en unknown
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