CS202877B1 - Method of executing the basis layer under the floor coatings - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method of providing a base layer under floor coatings.

In the construction of floors in civil engineering, it is common to use concrete monolithic underlays placed on the ceiling construction. The materials used for these technologies are concrete mixtures of wet consistency, which are transported to the place of storage by trolleys or concrete pumps. For the preparation of the concrete mixture, pure river sand of grain size from 0 to 8 mm without clay admixtures, Portland or slag-portland cement and water are used.

The concrete mixture is discharged onto the ceiling structure, spread manually by the height of pre-formed height targets and roughly aligned with wooden battens. After curing of the concrete mixture, the surface is further leveled and smoothed by machine trowels or hand trowels to the required flatness and smoothness so that it is possible to apply or adhere to the concrete flooring such a floor covering, eg PVC, rubber and textile flooring or wood flooring. friezes, tiles, etc. Especially for thin-layer coatings, such as PVC, rubber or carpets, the flatness and smoothness requirements of the concrete underlay are very high and are hardly met in normal construction practice. Therefore, in a number of cases, cement-based or dispersion binders based on thicknesses of 1 to 3 mm are applied to the hardened concrete underlay in a further operation, leading to a further increase in material costs and labor.

The disadvantage of this procedure is the high construction effort, the impossibility to apply full mechanization of the technological process and the occurrence of numerous defects in the implementation by less skilled workers.

According to the invention, the above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome by the method of carrying out the undercoat under the floor coatings, which comprises depositing, for example by pumping, a mixture consisting of 19 to 27% by weight of cement, 1 to 10% by weight. calcium hydroxide, 0.5 to 4 wt.%, expanded hydrated volcanic glass, 5 to 15 wt.%, powdered inert filler grain size 0.05 to 0.5 mm, 10 to 25 wt.% fine grain inert filler grain size 0, 1 to 1 mm, 25 to 40 wt

0.1 to 4 mm, 10 to 25 wt. water and 0.05 to 0.2 wt. plas tifíkátoru. The expanded hydrated volcanic glass, the powdered inert filler, the fine-grained inert filler and the grained inert filler or the cement are mixed in a dry state before use and form a mixture, while the water and the plasticizer or cement are mixed into the premix before and / or during application. .

The process according to the invention brings numerous advantages, on the one hand, in the easy preparation of the premix to the stock and also in a factory manner, on the other hand, a very simple application of the base layer, for example by pumping. The advantages of the composition of its own mass with all its components are that it does not reflect itself during the entire technological operation and has self-spilling and self-leveling capabilities. This liquid mixture is transported by pumps to the place of laying to a distance and height of several tens of rubs, which allows a high degree of mechanization of this technological process. At the installation site, the holes in the substrate are only pre-sealed and the height of the cast layer is laid out. The undercoat can be applied in thickness as desired, usually from 2 to 12 tin.

This completes the working operation and leaves the mass resting until it cures. Subsequent operations, laying of floor coatings, continue after a technological break without any intermediate operation or modification of the base layer, which is completely planar and smooth.

The mixing of the components of the mixture is a fundamental principle of technology. It uses the general properties of cement hydraulic binders, especially high mechanical strengths. The fluidity and metering of the cement / water mixture is in direct dependence. Since the flowability must be as high as possible, the tendency to measure the solid and liquid phases had to be minimized by the choice of additives and filler materials. This was achieved in particular by the strictly balanced proportion of very light grained materials, which are expanded. Hydrated volcanic glass with the addition of calcium hydroxide. It has been found that the ratio of these components to each other is crucial for the main function of the mixture; not least because the resulting mechanical values such as compressive strength, shrinkage, wetting volume changes and the like must not be reduced too much by the additives.

Silica sand or other suitable inert filler, preferably fractions of 0 to 4 mm, is added to the mixture to save cement and eliminate volume changes. A plasticizer is added to reduce the water coefficient and improve the rheological properties of the composition.

It is advantageous to add 0.01 to 0.5 wt. a cement solidification regulator that can both accelerate and retard solidification according to the choice of its chemical composition.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example!

The subfloor in the panel house should have a height of 3 cm. A mixture of the following composition was prepared in the activation mixer:

cement Portland expanded hydrated volcanic glass calcium hydroxide sand silica grain from 0.1 to 4 mm quartz grit grain from 0.1 to 0.6 mm limestone, ground grain from 0.06 to 0.2 mm phenolic resin plasticizer water

22.3 of wt. 5 of wt. 7, ’ of wt. 33.2 of hmo t. 12.3 of wt. 8.2 of wt. 0.2 of hmo t. 11.7 of wt. where was she gradually poured

to a layer 3 cm high; the layer height was pre-marked on the walls of the rooms. Pumping was performed by a screw pump.

Example 2

The underfloor layer in the civic amenities building should have varied from 1 cm to 8 cm with respect to horizontal wiring. First, all openings and openings in the ceiling construction were blinded and the inflow height indicated.

Due to the high volume of total consumption, the production of the face of the mixture was divided into two phases, namely the production of premixes and the actual production of the casting cement mixture.

The premix was prepared beforehand in a separate outpatient department as a dry mix and had the following composition:

expanded hydrated volcanic glass 2 OF mass » limestone ground grain 0,09 - 0,5 mm 16 2 hmo t « calcium hydroxide 7 2 wt. cement 22nd 2 wt s glass sand grain 0.1 - 1 mm 1 9 2 hm · river sand grain 0.1 - 4 mm 34 2 wt.

The produced dry powder mixture was pneumatically dosed into the tank of a special truck, which was transported to the production site of the mixture itself. This workstation was built as a combination of a receiving tank, mixing device, water dispenser and additives and a pump with hose distribution to the place of mixing.

In the production of the casting mixture, the individual components were dosed into a receiving container equipped with a mixing device in the following ratio and order:

water ‘192 wt.

phenolic resin plasticizer 0.2 2 wt.

premix 80.8 2 wt.

After thorough mixing, this mixture was withdrawn almost continuously by the pump for each storage location to see if only the infusion height was controlled. After the infusion, the entire area was visually inspected and work finished.

Example3

Underfloor floor layers were to be made in the prefabricated residential building. The building was partially basement and due to the thermal insulation of the floor constructions of some floors, the height of the base layers ranged from 5 to 8 cm.

Before the actual implementation of the casting technology, it was necessary to blind all openings in the ceiling construction and to enclose all penetrations. At the same time, the infusion height was indicated.

Since the building was a part of the whole residential complex and it was possible to conclude about the high volume of possible total cement consumption, the production of the casting mixture was again divided into two phases, namely the production of premixes and the actual production of the cement mixture.

The premix was prepared beforehand in a separate ambulatory production dry mix of the following composition:

expanded hydrated volcanic glass limestone ground grain 0.09 - 0.5 mm calcium hydroxide glass sand grain 0.1 - 1 mm river sand grain 0.1 - 4 mm

4,5 2 wt 21, 0 2 hmo t 10.0 2 wt 23.0 2 wt 43.5 2 wt

The dry mix produced in this way was loaded with a lorry, which was transported to the workplace of own production of the mix situated on the ohjekt, where the technology of poured base mixes was carried out.

The set-up of the workplace equipment consisted of a combination of the receiving tank of the mixing device, the water and additives dispenser, the tank and the pump with hose distribution to the places where the mixtures were laid.

During the production of the casting mixture, the individual components were dosed into a receiving container equipped with a mixing device in the following ratio and order:

water high strength cement solidification regulator / hydrocarbon premix

19.0 OF wt. 18.0 OF hmo t. sodium tan / 0.5 OF wt. 62.5 OF wt.

After thorough mixing, the produced mixture was taken off practically continuously by a pump for each of the base layers; only the brine was checked here.

After the infusion was finished, a visual inspection of the poured area was performed and the work was completed.

Claims (2)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION A method for carrying out a base layer under floor coatings, characterized in that aa consisting of 19 to 27 wt. cement, 1 to 10 wt. 0.5 to 4 wt. of expanded hydrated volcanic glass, 5 to 15 wt. from 0.05 to 0.5 mm, 10 to 25 wt. % of a fine-grained inert filler with a grain size of 0.1 to 1 mm, 25 to 40 wt. from about 0.1 to 4 mm, 10 to 25 wt. water and 0.05 to 0.2 wt. the expanded hydrated volcanic glass, the powdered inert filler, the fine-grained inert filler and the grained inert filler or cement, are mixed in a dry state before use to form a premix, while the water and the plasticizer or cement are mixed into the premix before and / or or during application. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of water is added to the premix prior to the addition of water and plasticizers. a cement solidification regulator, e.g. sodium bicarbonate.