CS200907B1 - Process for removing nitrates from water - Google Patents

Description

The invention solves:. nitrate removal. from water, generally from drinking water, with at least one of the main constituents of the anipeptic water content; including sulphates · _

Nitrates - in drinking water - are. harmful to humans - even warm-blooded animals. In addition, they may cause some technical defects, especially in the food industry. The adverse effect of nitrates is best verified in case of nitrate alimentary hemtoglobinaemia in infants. 15 mg / 1 - NOj in water, used for preparation - artificial - feeding of infants Recent works - further demonstrate - influence. - increased - nitrate concentration - for oesophageal cancer - and stomach cancer · Transmitted. It is believed that an increased concentration of nitrates in drinking water also affects the incidence of heart disease.

As a result of increasing intensification. - agri-agricultural ^{d '-} Annual ^b y ^- and ^- reaper CONTRARY TO ^ ^- ^ v ^ ^p whom you environment and community - ko ^ EE ^ i ^ c ^ nn maturation nitrate - in -water - in průmrelově' - developed - the state kept - zvrěuje · Also, the standards - drinking water by: - still writing nitrate concentration · The latest - Czech · drinking water standard, valid since 1975, already - in terms of protection - infants completely disfigures · To prepare ummié . therefore, the infant-free diet is used with nitrate-free mineral water or distilled- water; / · The first - solution · is - - for high salt content, the second for zero salt content - in slaughtered water ·

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200 00 ». . .- '. -. -,. , ^: , -. ', ... -. ..., · - 2 Several methods of nitrate removal * of drinking water are known · Biological denitrification is the process originally used for purification. The application of this water to drinking water is difficult because of the necessity of simultaneous smelting of suitable deoltri-white organisms. oxidation-capable substances, suitable temperature and anaerobic environment. and besides. an alkaline pH * of at least pH 8. A common disadvantage of biological and chemical detec- tion is its long reaction time.

Many nitrate removal methods can also be selected for selective removal. seeding. at all, such as dce ^ Hsce, áeiollsaoe * to ^ mě · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

Poižžtí. a strongly basic nex. In the chloride bitch for water ions is disadvantageous because of the high content of halides in the flirt, which usually exceeds the standard Uodaels and requires a physiological weave. fáso perfectly. o ^ t ^ duration ^, together with nitrates *

There is also a known method for removing nitrates and drinking water * in which a strongly basic anion exchange resin * whose functional groups are transferred and 20 - 80 * to chloride from 20% is bonded. - 80% in hydrogeotartrate * or possibly and 15 - 50% in sulphate form · In this way it is better to adapt to the alite of the filtrate to human biological needs * not in the early stages of the oil , so that the anion exchanger form together with nitrates removes 1 sulphate, 'yeah' polluted sulphates in the first half of the oorphous phosphate phase and begins to grow with the increase of nitrates. sulfates in the first. half of the sorption phase, but it reaches the bottom of the filter capaacty, not1 ^ «^ lL ^ оИННЫ! filter capacity - in addition to sulphate in - input! water. The sulphate forms of the anion exchanger can be solved in part by the problem of sulphate forms in this process, so that the layer O-containing and mainly functional groups in the sulphate form are · - The results are - in zátd.slissi on the composition of the input water and on the composition of the filter ^ !!! bed - one time - co-operative * can train water to a very variable composition of the substrate during the sorption phase, with usually some average sulphate content *

Effort c preserves! of sulphates in the filtrate is not absorbed - by the fact that luminous sulphates are an important component of drinking water, but by the fact that, in addition to nitrates, sulphates are replaced by chloride and Uydrogen carbonate ions, the concentration of these ions rises above the nose Ulediiko is particularly important in such a way to suit universally, including waters. - with a higher - or high salt content - In such cases, the filament exceeds the requirements of the standard in the - chloride content *. . when boiling! water due to the thermal docking of the water. This method is therefore salt-proof for waters with lower salt content, not universally * »00 β · 7

- 3 - the use of a strong basic anion exchange resin whose functional groups are converted from 8 50 - 100% into sulphate foray, в 0 - 50% into chloride foray and 0 - 50% into Hydrogen carbonate bitches. An advantage of the process according to the invention is that nitrate ions are exchanged with water and hydrogen carbonate, chloride, but sulphate ions are removed from the water while maintaining the total salt content. Because of the high content of sulphates in the filtrate, there are no significant increases in chloride and hydrogen carbonate content. Therefore, the water composition is more balanced and this method of water treatment is more suitable for water of various compositions, including high salt water.

The method of the invention further described jo · specific embodiment, the use of water · doženit LO t ^ aval 0.80 / 1 2.76 Cli eval / l 80j The former and 5.41 / l and _r HCOj 6.30 srval / 1 evaporate dried 980 g / l · Water was passed through two ·· knees · The first niobium was filled in the upper three quarters with pierced seed of the target basic ansx, with 65% in chloride and 35% in hydrogen carbonate form, in the lower quarter of the same annexation In sulphate form. The column contains 25% potassium, 28% hydrogen carbonate and 47% of the strongly basic anion exchange resin. The second column was packed with strongly basic anionic acid, with an amount of 83% sulfate, 9% chloride and 9% hydrogen carbonate, all of which was re-heated with each other. at a specific load of 45 l / l / h. The filtrate reduction is shown in the following table in which the «Divinity of the filtrate is expressed» in multiples of the anion exchange resin in the column - VA _e .

Table »The course of the filtrate composition depending on the amount of filtrate

Quantity of filtrate · W.

Lowering of the aval / 1 filtrate with the first keleneea (sarit layered lying) after the second knee (tear lying according to the invention)

SOj Cl SOj HCOj

HOJ Cl * S0 ₄ HCOj

10 0.01 4.50 3.80 6.90 0.06 2.70 5.02 7.45 20 May 0.01 6.05 2.41 6.80 0.06 2.75 5.30 7.10 30 0.01 7.03 ».51 6.75 0.06 2.81 5,52 6.90 40 0.01 7.35 1.20 6.75 P, 06 2.85 5.65 6.70 60 0.02 7.50 1.00 6.75 0.08 2.90 5.80 6.50 80 0.03 7.40 0.95 6.90 0.10 2.90 5.90 6.40 100 ALIGN! 0.07 6.90 1.25 7.00 0.12 2.90 5.90 6.40 120 0.16 6.00 2.10 7.00 0.19 2.80 5.85 6.40

Based on the measured values, »Nitrates are below the level of 15 ag / 1 (0.24 aval / 1) MOj. Behind the two coronates, the hydrogen carbonate content is unreasonably elevated and unstable. Although the arrangement of the individual • nox forums in the first column is deliberately chosen so that sulphates in the filtrate are retained sulphate foxa and is ranked last - it occurs in the first third of the measured interval k

200 007-4. The decrease in the sulphate content is stronger, in the second 'third to compensate' for their low level and in the last third for a gradual increase in the sulphate content. The chloride ion concentration is reversed. As a result, the entire volume of the conofiltrate chloride filtrate beyond the first column extends far beyond the boundaries. - drinking water standards of '100' ng / l (2,82 mral / l) Cl. After '- the second column - the course of chlorides and sulphates is balanced,'

The method of the invention finds potuití TEM, where it is necessary to upravovat.vodu vyěíím salt content, or for the production of such filters for water treatment, which must be water for pouHlielné nejrůznějěího ^- word. ^{VL and} handy and ^t ^ where posžaduje nerozkolísené composition filtrate.

Claims (1)

PSEDM T - - VYNXLEZU 'mouths ^{Z b} - removing from .dusičnanů ^- as ^dy. for pouHtí ^strongly. basic anion exchanger, ^wherein labeled. . by contacting the treated water with a layer of a strongly basic anion exchange resin whose functional groups are converted from 50-100% to the sulphate form 0-50%. .% to - chloride forayaz - 0 - - 50% to, - hydrogencarhenate - forms · ..... , Printed by Moravian Printing Works, plant 12, Leninova 21, Olomouc