CS200890B1

CS200890B1 - Method of testing the crackability of the welding metals particularly for the fissures of cold type

Info

Publication number: CS200890B1
Application number: CS757778A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Ivan Hrivnak
Original assignee: Ivan Hrivnak
Priority date: 1978-11-21
Filing date: 1978-11-21
Publication date: 1980-10-31

Description

Vynález ea týká sposobu skúšania praskavosti zvěrových kovov, najma pře trhliny studeného typu.The present invention relates to a method for testing cracking of game metals, in particular through cold-type cracks.

Pri čo raz širáom použití vysokopevných ocelí pre zvárané konštrukcie je nutné používat aj pevnejšie přídavné materiály pře zvóranie. Zvarové kovy vytavené týmito materiálmi sú mimo iného náchylné na vznik studených, vodíkom indukovaných trhlin.With the widespread use of high strength steels for welded structures, it is also necessary to use stronger welding filler materials. Weld metals melted with these materials are, inter alia, prone to the formation of cold, hydrogen-induced cracks.

Doteraz známe skúšobné metody, používané pře stanovenie náchylnosti zvarového spoja na vznik studených trhlin skúšajú celú oblast spoja a trhliny iniciujú vo veíkej váčšine mimo zvarový kov, takéto skúšky sú například skúšky praskavosti lekken, a RD ktoré sú určené pře hodnotenie kořenových vrstiev tupých zvěrových spojov. Pri skúške Tekken sa používá úkos typu Y s kořenovou medzerou 2 mm. Pri skúške Lehigh ja úkos paloguíatý, s medízerou 2 mm. Skúšky CTS sú určené pre hodnotenie náchylnosti kútových zvarových spojov na praskanie. Skúšky RD aa používajú pře zistovanie náchylnosti na praskanie mnohovrstvovývh zvarových kovov a na stanovenie výšky medzivrstvovej teploty. Iba pri skúškach uehigh vznikajú přednostně trhliny vo zvarovom kove, ale sú to pozdlžne trhliny, zatial čo studené trhliny v reálných prípadoch majú priečny charakter, to je kolmo na osu zvaru.The prior art test methods used to determine the seam susceptibility to cold cracks test the entire area of the seam and initiate the cracks in a largely non-weld metal form, such as the cracking tests of lekken and RD, which are intended to assess the root layers of butt joints. The Tekken test uses a Y-type bevel with a 2 mm root gap. In the Lehigh test, the bevel is paloguic, with a spacing of 2 mm. CTS tests are designed to assess the susceptibility of corner weld joints to cracking. RD and a tests are used to detect susceptibility to cracking of multilayer weld metals and to determine the height of the interlayer temperature. Only uehigh tests give rise to cracks in the weld metal, but they are longitudinal cracks, while cold cracks in real cases are transverse, that is perpendicular to the weld axis.

Uvedené nevýhody sa do značnej miery vynálezom odstrónia. Podstata sposobu skúšania zvarových kovov, najma pre trhliny studeného typu spočívá v tom, že skúšobné vzorka, ktoréjThese disadvantages are largely avoided by the invention. The essence of the method for testing weld metals, especially for cold-type cracks, is that the test specimen

200 090 povrch je opatřený drážkami pri napodobení pomerov v krycích vrstvách aa skúšobná vzorka opatří dvorní návarmi vedla seba ešte před drážkováním, načo aa pevná uchytí k podložko a na jej povrch vyhotoví ea jednovrstvý návar so skúšaným přídavným materiálem, Sálej sa vzorka nechá odležel pri teplete miestnoati najmenej 48 hodin, potom sa v tesnej blízkosti náveru rozreže kyelíkom tak, aby sa návar uvolnil, potom sa návar v mieste drážok přelomí rázovým ohybom a trhliny, vzniklé po navaření ako studené, sa účinkom tepelného ovplyvnenia pri reza/ ní sfarbia a možno ich odlišit volným okom od kovovo lesklého povrchu lomu skúáobnej vzorky. Pevné uchytenie skúáobnej vzorky móže byl tuhým upnutím do přípravku, Sálej privarením skúáobnej vzorky kútovými zvarmi k tokej podložka.200 090 surface is provided with grooves to mimic the conditions in the cover layers and the test sample provides the court welds before the grooving, whereupon a firm attachment to the mat is made and a one-layer weld is welded to the surface with the additive to be tested. at least 48 hours, then cut in close proximity to the surfacing to release the surfacing, then the surfacing at the groove site breaks through the impact bend and the cracks resulting from the surfacing as cold are discolored as a result of the thermal influence during cutting / coloring. distinguish with the naked eye from the metallic shiny surface of the test specimen. The rigid attachment of the test specimen was by firmly clamping into the fixture, by welding the test specimen with fillet welds to a flow mat.

Spóeob ekúšania Podlá vynálezu má viaceré výhody, je vhodný pre všetky oblúkové technologie zvárania, ručné, pod tavivom v zmesi plynov. Výhodné je najma to, že sa skúša iba zvarový kov vytavený skúáaným přídavným materiálom. Vznikájúce trhliny sú priečne, čo je v súlade s experimentálnymi pozořovaniami.The grinding method according to the invention has several advantages, it is suitable for all arc welding technologies, manually, under the flux in the gas mixture. It is particularly advantageous that only the weld metal melted by the filler material to be examined is tested. The resulting cracks are transverse, which is consistent with experimental observations.

Princip skúáky podlá vynálezu je bližšie popisaný na nasledovnom příklade. Na ocelovú doaku šířky 100 mm, dlžky 300 mm, hrůbky 30 až 60 mm, sa vyfrézujú kotúčovou frézou drážky šířky asi 40 mm, hlbky přibližné 20 mm. Vzájemná vzdialenoel drážok je 60 mm a hrúbka drážok je odstupňovaná - 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 a 2,0 mm. Skúšobná doska opatřená drážkami aa potom privarí kútovými zvarmi k tuhej podložka, alebo upne do přípravku, aby aa zamedzilo uhlovéj deformácii doaky. Po takejto príprave aa v naznačenéj osi na povrchu došky vyhotoví skúáaným přídavným materiálom jednovrstvový návar. Použitie spósobu skúšania podle vynálezu charakterizuje z hlediska etupňa premiešania koreňovú oblasl zvarového spoja. Táto skúšku možno aplikoval i pre napodobenie pomerov v krycích vrstvách. V takomto případe aa na povrch došky navaria ešte před frézováním drážok dva návary vedla seba. Po vyhotovení týchto návarov sa vyfrézujú drážky tak, ako je vyššie uvedené a celý postup je obdobný ako pri jednovrstvovom návare. Po vyhotovení náveru sa nechá skúšobná doska odlažal pri teplota miestnoati najmenej 48 hodin. Potom sa vyberie z přípravku, alebo odpália aa kútové zvary a v teanej blízkosti návaru aa rozreže kyelíkom podlá schémy tak, aby ea návar s drážkami uvolnil. Rázovým ohybom as potom návar v miestach drážok přelomí. Trhliny, ktoré vznikli po naváření ako studené, aa účinkom teplotného ovplyvnenia pri řezaní afarbia, ich povrchy oxidujú, takže ich možno odlišil volným okom.The principle of the tester according to the invention is described in more detail in the following example. Slots of a width of about 40 mm and a depth of approximately 20 mm are milled into a steel dock width of 100 mm, lengths of 300 mm, depths of 30 to 60 mm. The distance between the grooves is 60 mm and the thickness of the grooves is graded - 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm. The test plate provided with the grooves a and then welds the fillet welds to a rigid washer, or clamps the fixture to aa to prevent angular deformation of the dock. After such preparation and in the indicated axis on the surface of the thatched surface, it makes a one-layer deposit on the filler material to be examined. The use of the test method according to the invention characterizes the root region of the weld joint with respect to the mixing step. This test can also be applied to mimic the conditions in the cover layers. In such a case, and on the surface of the thatch, two welds were welded together before milling the grooves. After making these deposits, the grooves are milled as above and the procedure is similar to that of a single-layer surfacing. After the preparation has been completed, the test plate is left at room temperature for at least 48 hours. It is then removed from the jig or detonated by aa fillet welds and cut in the proximity of the overlay aa by cutting with cyanide according to the scheme to release the overlay with the grooves. The impact bend then breaks the weld at the points of the grooves. The cracks formed after welding as cold, and due to the thermal effect of the afarbis cutting, oxidize their surfaces so that they may be distinguished by the naked eye.

Zvarový kov vytavený skúáaným přídavným materiálom je náchylný na vznik studených trhlin pri daných parametroch zvárania, ak aa pri analýze objevia trhliny. Miera náchylnosti vzraatá ak ea trhliny pozorujú pri užších drážkách.The weld metal melted by the filler material to be examined is susceptible to the formation of cold cracks at the given welding parameters if a and cracks appear in the analysis. The degree of susceptibility ripened when ea cracks are observed at narrower grooves.

Claims

The 200,000 surface is provided with grooves when simulating the ratios in the cover layers, the test sample is provided with two welds leading each other before grooving, then fixed to the substrate and a single-layer surfacing with the additive to be tested is formed on the surface. heat the room for at least 43 hours, then cut in close proximity to the boil so that the weld is loosened, then the weld at the grooves will break through the bend and the cracks formed after welding as cold will become colored due to the thermal effect of the cut. they can be distinguished with the naked eye from the metallic glossy surface of the test specimen. The rigid attachment of the test specimen could be rigidly clamped into the specimen, welded to the test specimen by the test specimen. Test Method According to the invention, it has several advantages, it is suitable for all arc welding techniques, ore, under flux in a gas mixture. It is particularly preferred that only the weld metal melted by the additive to be examined is examined. The resulting cracks are transverse to the experimental observations. The principle of the test according to the invention is described in detail in the following example. On the steel sheet of a 100 mm thick, 300 mm long, 30 to 60 mm thick, the milling cutter is milled to a depth of about 40 mm, and the depth is about 20 mm. The groove spacing is 60 mm and the groove thickness is graded - 0.3, 1.0, 1.3 and 2.0 mm. The test plate provided with the grooves is then welded to the rigid support by clamping welds, or clamped into the fixture to prevent angular deformation of the thatch. After such a preparation, a single-layer weld is tested on the surface of the thatch in the indicated axis. The use of the test method of the invention characterizes the root area of the welded joint from the point of view of the degree of conversion. This test can also be applied to mimic the ratios of the cover layers. In this case, two welds were guided on the surface of the dock before grooving. After these welds have been made, the grooves are milled as shown and the whole process is similar to single-ply. After boiling, the test plate was allowed to ground at room temperature for at least 48 hours. Then it is removed from the jig, or dimensional welds are fired, and in close proximity to the curing, it is cut with oxygen according to the scheme so as to release the crease with the grooves. The base bend will then break at the groove locations. Cracks that arise after welding as a cold, will color with the effect of temperature influence on cutting, their surfaces oxidizing, so that they can be distinguished by the naked eye. The weld metal melted by the additive to be examined is susceptible to cold cracks in given welding parameters if cracks appear in the analysis. The degree of susceptibility to growth is observed in narrow crevices. PEE DME I FILL OUT

1. A method for examining the cracking of animal metals, especially for cold type cracks, characterized in that the test specimen, the surface of which is provided with grooves, may be two welded and / or pre-grooved, clamped firmly to the mat or clamped in a fixture, and the surface to be coated is monolayer. the weld with the additive to be examined, 3 200 090 of the sample is left to stand at room temperature for at least 48 hours, then it is cut in close proximity with the weld to release the weld, then the weld at the grooves is broken by impact bending and the cracks formed as a result of the welding are colored by the heat treatment effect of the cutting, so that they differ from the metallic glossy surface of the fracture sample.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein: by making the sample sample to a rigid mat by welding welds.