CS199456B1 - Cotton yarn processing method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a chemical technology for the production of textile materials, and in particular to a method of processing cotton yarn used as a starting warp material for the production of fabrics of various kinds.

Pneumomechanical spinning of fibrous materials of natural and synthetic fibers and mixtures thereof is particularly progressive in the textile industry. The pneumomechanical process has a number of valuable advantages over conventional spinning, but lags behind in the strength values of the yarn produced, which is approximately 18 to 20% lower for the same numbers. In order to ensure the highest intensity of the weaving process, the warp yarn is sized, thereby increasing the strength due to the adhesion of the elastic layer and the bonding of the individual fibers. However, the current sizing technology has practically exhausted all possibilities to further increase the strength of the yarn and cannot compensate for the reduction in strength resulting from the use of pneumomechanical spinning.

This leads to the use of yarn produced by pneumomechanical spinning only as a weft yarn, and when used as a warp hit, the speeds of the looms are reduced.

At present, a method of processing a twisted cotton yarn with liquid ammonia is known from British Patent No. 1,141,016. According to the invention, the yarn stretches in a hot water bath to increase the mechanical strength of the yarn

- 2 at the time of the removal of ammonia from the yarn; However, this process is not suitable for processing non-woven yarn, since in this case the increase in mechanical strength obtained does not provide the entire complex of properties required for a normal weaving process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of processing cotton yarn in which the yarn is stretched so as to increase the mechanical strength of the yarn and at the same time provide the yarn with mercerized yarn properties.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that in a method of treating cotton yarn comprising impregnating the yarn with liquid ammonia, and since the yarn in the water bath, the yarn is stretched in the water bath containing the quenching agent supplied in an amount sufficient to provide a strength reserve. mechanical strength of the yarn from 18 to 25%.

As a result of this treatment, the sizing agent solution reaches the yarn that had previously undergone a swelling stage. When such a yarn is immersed in the sizing agent solution, the liquid ammonia present therein will immediately evaporate and the sizing agent will penetrate into the cavities formed in the yarn at a substantially higher velocity than that of conventional sizing.

By impregnating with liquid ammonia, the sizing yarn obtains the properties of the mercerized yarn, which provides an improvement in the complex of properties ensuring the normal course of the weaving process.

According to the invention, starch 30 to 50 g / l, carboxymethylcellulose 30 to 50 g / l or polyvinyl alcohol 20 to 30 g / l can be used as the sizing agent and can be used in the same degree for processing cotton yarn used for manufacture of linen, satin, shirt fabrics, linen, denim and other fabrics.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example:

Crude single-strand cotton yarn 29.4 tex, made from low numbers of spun cotton fibers, impregnated with liquid ammonia at -35 ° C for 3 seconds, squeezing at 100% weight gain over 2 seconds while subjecting to a 13% length elongation of an aqueous solution containing 30 g / l carboxymethylcellulose and at a temperature of 60 to 65 ° C. Thereafter, the yarn is dried on the surface of the heated drum and coiled up. The yarn thus treated has the following physical-chemical basic parameters:

1. average breaking load ...... 427.6 p

2. average elongation at break ..... 12.5 mm

3. real percentage of sticky additive ..... 3.2%

4. barite number 132, Ϊ%

Example 2:

The treatment of the raw cotton yarn, 29.4 tex, is carried out as in Example 1, except that the concentration of carboxymethylcellulose is 50 g / l. The processed yarn has the following physico-chemical properties:

1. average breaking load 440.1 p

2. Average elongation at break 12.2 m®

3. real percentage of adhesive additive 5.3%

4. barite number 133.4%

Example 3:

A single-thread cotton yarn, 29.4 tex, made from low, carded cotton fiber numbers, is impregnated in liquid ammonia at -35 ° C for 3 seconds, squeezes 100% weight gain, and exposed to an aqueous solution containing 30% of water within 2 seconds. g / l of starch, at a temperature of 90 to 95 ° C, with a linear elongation of 13%.

The yarn thus treated has the following physico-chemical basic parameters:

1. Average breaking load 406.4 p

2. average elongation at break of 8.5 om

3. real percentage of adhesive additive 3.9%

4. barite number 131.0%

Example 4:

The processing of the raw cotton yarn, 25 tex, is carried out as in Example 3, except that the starch concentration is 70 g / l. The processed yarn has the following physico-chemical parameters:

1. average breaking load '405.0 p

2. average elongation at break of 9.1 om

3. The actual percentage of adhesive additive 7.6%

4. barite number 139.4%

Example 5:

Twisted cotton yarn, 25 x 2 tex, and impregnated in liquid ammonia at -35 ° C for 3 seconds, squeezed at 100% weight gain and exposed to an aqueous solution containing 20 g over a 2% length elongation within 2 seconds. % Of polyvinyl alcohols, at a temperature of 80 to 90 ° C.

The processed yarn has the following physico-chemical parameters:

1. average breaking load

2. Average elongation at break

3. The actual percentage of sticky additive

4. barite number

888.5 P

14.1 mm 2.2% ·

132.1%

Example 6:

The processing of 25 x 2 tex twisted yarns is carried out as in Example 5 except that the polyvinyl alcohol concentration is 30 g / l. The processed yarn has the following physico-chemical parameters:

1. average breaking load

2. average elongation at break

3. The actual percentage of sticky additive

4. barite number

901.8 p

14.0 mm 3.1%

131.9%

Comparative values of the physicochemical basic parameters of the cotton yarn, processed according to Examples 1 to 6, which characterize the dependence on the types of sizing agent, its concentration and the type of yarn are given in Table 1.

Note;

Processing variants 1 to 8 shown in the table indicate: No. 1 - unprocessed starting yarn (29.4, 25, 25x2 tex)

No.2 - yarns treated in a known way with liquid ammonia (29,4, 25, 25x2 tex)

No. 3 to 4 - yarn 29,4 tex, impregnated for 3 seconds in liquid ammonia (-35 °) and then, at a simultaneous elongation of 13%, exposed to carboxymethylcellulose solution at a concentration of 30 to 50 g / l for 2 seconds a temperature of 60 to 65 ° C, thereby providing the required strength reserve of mercerized yarn of 18 to 20%,

No. 5 to 6 - 25 tex yarn, impregnated in liquid ammonia for 3 seconds at (-35 °) and then for 2 seconds at a simultaneous elongation of 13% exposed to an aqueous starch solution at a temperature of 90 to 95 ° C, and a concentration of 30 to 70 g / l, which provides an additional yarn strength reserve of 20 to 22%,

No. 7 to 8 - yarn 25x2 tex, impregnated for 3 seconds in liquid ammonia at -35 ° C and then exposed for 2 seconds while simultaneously stretching a 13% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol at a temperature of 80 to 90 ° C and a concentration of 20 to 30 g / 1, thereby providing an additional strength reserve of mercerized yarn of 20-25%.

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In this way, the mercerization and sizing according to the invention provides an increase in the tear strength of the cotton yarn by 18 to 20%, which the yarn loses due to pneumomechanical spinning. In addition, the yarn treated according to the process of the invention obtains other desirable properties, namely the mercerized yarn properties. All of this provides the possibility to reduce the warp yarn breakage in weaving looms and to facilitate subsequent dyeing and refining processes for raw fabrics.

Claims (4)

CLAIMS 1. A method of treating cotton yarn comprising impregnating a yarn with liquid ammonia and drawing it in a water bath, characterized in that the stretching is carried out in a water bath containing a sizing agent which is supplied in an amount sufficient to provide an additional strength reserve of impregnated yarn of 18-25%. . 2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that starch in an amount of 30 to 70 g / l is used as the sizing agent. 3. A process according to claim 1, wherein the sizing agent is carboxymethyl cellulose in an amount of from 30 to 50 g / liter. 4. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that polyvinyl alcohol in an amount of 20 to 30 g / liter is used as the sizing agent.