CS198641B1 - Device for melting and casting of metallic materials - Google Patents
Device for melting and casting of metallic materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS198641B1 CS198641B1 CS98078A CS98078A CS198641B1 CS 198641 B1 CS198641 B1 CS 198641B1 CS 98078 A CS98078 A CS 98078A CS 98078 A CS98078 A CS 98078A CS 198641 B1 CS198641 B1 CS 198641B1
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- melting
- crucible
- ground
- casting
- melt
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000753 refractory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Vynález ea týká odlievania kovov a zliatin a rieši problém vypúšfania taveniny z taviaceho téglika do kokily alebo formy.The invention ea relates to the casting of metals and alloys and solves the problem of discharging the melt from the crucible into a mold or mold.
Súčasný stav techniky indukčných vakuových taviacich pecí, konstruovaných pre hmotnosť vsádzky do 20 kg spočívá v tom, že požadovaná zliatina sa vyrobí běžným známým metalurgickým procesom. Do kokily alebo formy Sa zliatina vyleje tak, že taviaci téglik sa otočí okolo osi, ktorá je kolmá na jeho pozdížnu os a tavenina vytečie cez okraj taviaceho téglika. Takýto spSsob má vážné nevýhody v tom, že kysličníky, ktoré vzniknú v priebehu metalurgického procesu a plávajú na tavenine, sa pri vylievaní opal? zamieaajú do taveniny a v prevažnej miere v nej zostanú aj po stuhnutí ingotu alebo odliatku. Pri vákuovom metalurgickom procese totiž mnohé zložky, ktoré sa z taveniny odpařili, napr. křemík, mangán, titan, hliník a produkty dezoxidáoie, kondenzujú i na vol*ných plochách taviaceho téglika nad taveninou, na plochách vylievacieho žl*abu taviaceho téglika a na plochách lievika,pomocou ktorého sa tavenina spravidla dopravuje do kokily alebo do formy. To znamená, že pri vylievaní taveniny sp8sobom vyklápania cez okraj téglika je táto v styku s kondenzátom na uvedených voíných plochách, čo sp8sobuje, že prudko reaguje,a to má za následok vznik p8rov v ingote alebo v odliatku, čo je krajné nežiadúce v špeciálnych prípadoch, například pri výrobě zliatin z velmi čistých surovin pre žpeciálne použitie, ako například při výrobě žiarupevných zliatin, určených na lopatky plynových turbín, pri výrobě zliatin pre magnety s vysokýmiThe present state of the art of induction vacuum melting furnaces designed for a batch weight of up to 20 kg consists in that the desired alloy is produced by a conventional known metallurgical process. Into the mold or mold S and the alloy is poured so that the melting crucible is rotated about an axis that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis and the melt flows over the edge of the melting crucible. Such a method has serious disadvantages in that the oxides formed during the metallurgical process and float on the melt are sunburned during pouring? they will melt into the melt and will remain in the melt even after solidification of the ingot or casting. Indeed, in a vacuum metallurgical process, many of the components that have evaporated from the melt, e.g. silicon, manganese, titanium, aluminum and deoxidation products also condense on open surfaces of the melting crucible above the melt, on the surfaces of the pouring trough and on the funnel, by means of which the melt is generally conveyed into the mold or into the mold. That is, when pouring the melt by tipping over the rim of the crucible, it is in contact with the condensate on said free surfaces, causing it to react violently, resulting in the formation of deposits in the ingot or casting, which is extremely undesirable in special cases , for example, in the manufacture of alloys of very pure raw materials for special applications, such as in the manufacture of refractory alloys for gas turbine blades, in the manufacture of alloys for high magnets
198 641198 641
198 641 technickými parametrami, pri přetavovaní zliatin pre účely usmernenej kryštalizáoie a ich následnom liatí do keramických foriem, atS. Obecne povedené, zliatiny s vysokými technickými a fyzikálnymi parametrami majú mať čo najnižší obsah kyslíka a kysličníkov.198 641 by technical parameters, in remelting of alloys for the purpose of directed crystallization and their subsequent casting into ceramic molds, etc. Generally speaking, alloys with high technical and physical parameters should have the lowest possible oxygen and oxide content.
Indukčně vakuové taviaoe pece, ktoré sa například pre uvedenú výrobu zliatin používajú, sú epravidla vybavené technicky náročným zariadením pre vyklápanie taviaceho téglika.The induction-vacuum melting furnaces used, for example, for the above-mentioned alloy production, are generally equipped with a technically sophisticated device for tilting the melting crucible.
Takéto pece sú konštruované pre hmotnosť vsádzky maximálně do 20 kg. Obvykle sa pracuje s množstvom taveniny niekoíko kilogramov.Such furnaces are designed for a charge weight up to a maximum of 20 kg. Usually a melt amount of several kilograms is used.
Styku kondenzátov staveninou je možné zamedziť například spodným liatím, ktoré sa používá u lejaoej panvy. Pri tomto spdsobe liatia sa tavenina do kokily vypúšťa cez otvor v dne panvy pomocou šupátkového zariadenia, pozostávajúceho z pevnej časti uchytenej ku dnu panvy a z posuvnéj časti uloženej v držiaku, ktorý ea za pomoci hydrauliky poeúva. Spojením otvoru v dne panvy s otvorom v pevnej a v posuvnej časti šupátkového zariadenia tavenina vytéká do kokily. Takéto riešenie je veími zložité, náročné na údržbu a obsluhu, čím je znížená jeho spoíahlivosť, preto z ekonomického hiadiska nie je vhodné pre zariadenia na tavenie malých objemov taveniny.The contact of condensates with the building material can be prevented, for example, by the bottom casting used in the ladle. In this method of casting, the melt is discharged into the ingot mold through an opening in the bottom of the ladle by means of a slide device consisting of a fixed part attached to the bottom of the ladle and a sliding part housed in a holder which slides with the aid of hydraulics. By connecting the opening in the bottom of the ladle with the opening in the fixed and sliding part of the slide device, the melt flows into the ingot mold. Such a solution is very complex, difficult to maintain and service, thus reducing its reliability, and is therefore not economically viable for low melting equipment.
Uvedené nedostatky odstraňuje zariadenie na .tavenie a odlievanie kovových materiálov, pozostávajúce z taviaceho téglika, ktorého dno je opatřené výpustným otvorom a je z vonkajšej strany zabrúsené. Touto ploohou podía vynálezu je taviaoi téglik položený na zabrúsenej ploché posuvného kameňa, ktorý je uložený v držiaku, a tento je pevne uchytený aspoň na jednom nosnom ramene vedenom aspoň v jednom vedení. Nosné rameno je spojené spojovacím elementom, například lanom s jadrom elektromagnetu.The above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by a device for melting and casting metal materials consisting of a melting crucible, the bottom of which is provided with an outlet opening and is ground from the outside. By this surface according to the invention, the crucible is placed on a ground flat sliding stone which is mounted in the holder and is fixedly fixed to at least one support arm guided in at least one guide. The support arm is connected by a connecting element, for example a cable, to the electromagnet core.
Veíkou prednosťou zariadenia podía vynálezu je, že vyrobená a vyrafinovaná kovová zliatina sa pri vylievaní už nedostává do styku s voíným povrchom téglika nad taveninou, vylievacím žíabom téglika, připadne lievikom, pomocou ktorého sa dopravuje do kokily alebo do formy, ale najkratšou dráhou sa preleje z taviaceho téglika priamo do kokily alebo formy, ktoré sú umiestnené priamo pod otvorom v dne taviaceho téglika, pričom jeho jednoduchost zabezpečuje spoíahlivosť a znížená nároky na obsluhu a údržbu. Před vlastným odliatím možno zabezpečit na určitý čas vyplávanie kysličníkov ha povrch taveniny, napr. vypnutím indukčného ohřevu. Takže čistá tavenina, po odsuntí kameňa z miesta pod otvorom v dne taviaoeho téglika, tečie priamo do kokily alebo formy. Kysličníky zostanú na stene téglika, alebo iba čiastočne stečú s posledným množstvom taveniny a zostanú na povrchu náliatku, ktorý sa musí i tak odstránit.A great advantage of the device according to the invention is that the produced and refined metal alloy no longer comes into contact with the free surface of the crucible above the melt, the pouring frog crucible, or the funnel through which it is conveyed into the mold or into the mold. the crucible directly into the mold or mold, which is located directly below the opening in the bottom of the crucible, while its simplicity ensures reliability and reduced service and maintenance requirements. Before the actual casting, it is possible to provide for a certain period of time the release of oxides on the surface of the melt, e.g. by switching off the induction heating. Thus, the pure melt, after shifting the stone from below the opening in the bottom of the crucible, flows directly into the mold or mold. The oxides remain on the crucible wall or only partially flow with the last amount of melt and remain on the surface of the spout, which must still be removed.
Zariadenie pódia vynálezu je znázorněné na připojených výkresoch, a to nakreslené schématicky v náryse na obr. 1 a v pddoryse na obr. 2.The device according to the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, schematically shown in elevation in FIG. 1 and in plan view of FIG. Second
Zariadenie pódia vynálezu pozostáva z taviaceho téglika 2, napr. pre vsádzku hmotnosti 3 kg, dno je opatřené kruhovým otvorom a z vonkajšej strany je zabrúsené. Týmto zabrúsením je taviaci téglik' 2 položený na zabrúsenej funkčnej ploché posuvného kameňa £, vyhotoveného například zo žiaruvzdorného materiálu, epravidla z takého, ako je taviaoi téglik 2. Možné je použiť kysličník hlinitý, kysličník zirkoničitý, kysličník horečnatý apod. Posuvný kameň 2 je uložený vo vybraní držiaku J, ktorý je pevne uchytený na dvoch proti sebeThe device according to the invention consists of a melting crucible 2, e.g. For a load of 3 kg, the bottom is provided with a circular opening and ground from the outside. By this grinding, the melting crucible 2 is placed on a ground functional flat sliding stone 6, made, for example, of a refractory material, an epoxy such as a taviaoi crucible 2. Alumina, zirconia, magnesium oxide and the like can be used. The sliding stone 2 is mounted in a recess of the holder J, which is fixedly fixed on two opposite ones
198 641 usporiadaných nosných ramenách £, vedených vo vedeniach Nosné rsmená £ sú pomocou spojovaoieho elementu £, ktorým mSže byd lano, spojené s jadrom £ elektromagnetu 8.The support arms 4 are connected to the core 8 of the electromagnet 8 by means of a connecting element 8, which can be used by a rope.
Funkcia zariadenia podía vynálezu je následovná:The function of the device according to the invention is as follows:
Taviaoi téglik £ so zabrúsenou vonkajšou plochou dna, svojou hmotnosťou tlačí na zabrúsenú plochu posuvného kameňa 2. Tým sa vytvoří těsný, kovovú taveninu neprepúštfajúci spoj.The crucible 4 with the ground external surface of the base, by its weight, presses against the ground surface of the sliding stone 2. This creates a tight, metal-free, leak-proof joint.
Jádro £ elektromagnetu 8 sa nastaví do takej polohy, aby sa zabezpečila požadovaná dráha posuvného kameňa 2. Ak je zliatina připravená na odliatie, odpich sa urobí jednoduchým stlačením tlačidlového vypínača elektromagnetu a v dásledku vzniku elektromagnetických sil sa presunie jádro £, a tým aj posuvný kameň 2, pričom sa odkryje výpustný otvor taviaoeho téglika £. Po vyprádznení a ochladnutí téglika sa jeho vnútorný povrch vyčistí a celé zariadenie sa připraví na áálší pracovný cyklus, pričom uzavretie otvoru sa realizuje pomooou protiíahle usporiadaného elektromagnetu 8, jádra £ spojovaoieho elementu G a nosného ramena £, ktoré přesunů posuvný kameň £ do východzej polohy.The core 8 of the electromagnet 8 is adjusted to provide the desired travel of the sliding stone 2. If the alloy is ready for casting, tapping is done by simply pressing the solenoid switch and, as a result of electromagnetic forces, the core 6 and thus the sliding stone 2 are moved. , the discharge opening of the crucible 8 being exposed. After emptying and cooling of the crucible, its inner surface is cleaned and the whole device is prepared for the next working cycle, the opening being closed by means of an opposing electromagnet 8, the core 8 of the connecting element G and the support arm 8, which moves the sliding stone 6 to its starting position.
Popísáné zariadenie podía vynálezu sa úspěšně odskúšalo v indukčnej taviacej vákuovej peci pri použití vsádzky do hmotnosti 3 kg. Týmto sp8sobom možno spoíahlivo praoova? i s vačšími hmotnosťami u všetkýoh malých taviacich vakuových pecí, například do hmotnosti vsádzky 20 kg.The described apparatus according to the invention has been successfully tested in an induction melting vacuum furnace using a charge of up to 3 kg. In this way can we reliably work? even with higher weights in all small melting vacuum furnaces, for example up to a batch weight of 20 kg.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS98078A CS198641B1 (en) | 1978-02-15 | 1978-02-15 | Device for melting and casting of metallic materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS98078A CS198641B1 (en) | 1978-02-15 | 1978-02-15 | Device for melting and casting of metallic materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS198641B1 true CS198641B1 (en) | 1980-06-30 |
Family
ID=5343035
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS98078A CS198641B1 (en) | 1978-02-15 | 1978-02-15 | Device for melting and casting of metallic materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS198641B1 (en) |
-
1978
- 1978-02-15 CS CS98078A patent/CS198641B1/en unknown
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