CS198364B1 - Method of increasement of nutritious value of less valuable and waste lignocellulose materials - Google Patents
Method of increasement of nutritious value of less valuable and waste lignocellulose materials Download PDFInfo
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- CS198364B1 CS198364B1 CS748647A CS864774A CS198364B1 CS 198364 B1 CS198364 B1 CS 198364B1 CS 748647 A CS748647 A CS 748647A CS 864774 A CS864774 A CS 864774A CS 198364 B1 CS198364 B1 CS 198364B1
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- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- lignocellulosic materials
- less valuable
- increasement
- waste
- lignocellulose materials
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 241001070947 Fagus Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical class O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Description
Predmetom vynálezu je spósob úpravy menej hodnotných a odpadových rastlinných lignocelulózových materiálov, ktorým sa dosiahne zvýšenie ich výživnej hodnoty pre hospodářské zvieratá, hlavně prežúvavce.It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating inferior and waste plant lignocellulosic materials to increase their nutritional value for livestock, especially ruminants.
VePké množstvá rastlinných lignocelulózových materiálov (dřevné piliny, slama, kukuřičné stonky apod.) pri intenzívnom spósobe krmenia hospodářských zvierat nie je možné použit’ ako krmivo pre ich nízku stravitePnosť (výživriú hodnotu). Tvoria potom odpad, ktorý vzhPadom na vePké množstvá výskytu spósobuje problémy s likvidováním a je často zdrojom znečistenia životného prostredia.Large quantities of plant lignocellulosic materials (sawdust, straw, corn stalks, etc.) in intensive feeding of farm animals cannot be used as feed for their low digestibility (nutritional value). They then form waste which, due to the large numbers of occurrences, causes disposal problems and is often a source of environmental pollution.
Vysoká úžitkovosť hospodářských zvierat sa dosahuje skrmovaním obilovin a zrnin, čo je nehospodárne najma u prežúvavcov. Na svetovom trhu je obilovin a zrnin nedostatok, ich cena je vysoká a stále stúpa. Zvýšeniu stravitePnosti odpadových lignocelulózových materiálov sa venuje vo svete značná pozornost’. Z literatury je známe používanie lúhu sodného (NaOH), čpavku (NH4OH), močoviny [CO(NH2)2] a amonných solí (síran, uhličitan amónny). Tarkow H., Feist W.: The superswollen statě of wood. Tappi 51 (2) 80—83, 1968; Mellenberger a iní: Digestion of aspen, alkali-treated aspen and aspen bark by goats. J. Anim. Sci. 32, No. 4, 1971; Tomčuk R.: Uglevodistyje korrna iz drevesiny.High livestock performance is achieved by feeding cereals and grains, which is uneconomical especially for ruminants. There is a shortage of cereals and grains on the world market, their price is high and is still rising. Significant attention has been paid to improving the digestibility of waste lignocellulosic materials worldwide. The use of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ammonia (NH 4 OH), urea [CO (NH 2 ) 2 ] and ammonium salts (sulfate, ammonium carbonate) is known in the literature. Tarkow H., Feist W .: The Superswollen Paper of Wood. Tappi 51 (2) 80-83, 1968; Mellenberger et al.: Digestion of aspen, alkali-treated aspen and aspen bark by goats. J. Anim. Sci. 32, no. 4, 1971; Tomčuk R .: Uglevodistyje korrna iz drevesiny.
Lesnaja promyšlenost’ 6, 23—24, 1971; Latvietis, Zarinja: Izučenie perevarímosti racionov, vključajuščich delignificirovanyje drevesnyje opilki. Tezusy dokladov vsesojuznoj konferencii, Riga, 1973; Millet M. A., Baker A. J.: Modifying wood to increasing its in vitro digestibility. J. Anim. Sci. 31, No. 4, 1970; Bergner H., Marienburg J.: Tierzucht 25, č. 11, 410—412, 1971; Šemjakina A. A.; Veterinarija č. 2, s. 77—79, 1968. Uvedené spósoby sa v praxi nerozšířili, pretože práca s nimi je nepříjemná a sú málo účinné..Lesnaya Thought '6, 23—24, 1971; Latvietis, Zarinja: Izučení perevarímosti racionov, vključajuschich delignificirovanyje drevesnyje opilki. Documentary Theses in the Joint Conference, Riga, 1973; Millet M. A., Baker A. J .: Modifying Wood to Increase Its In Vitro Digestibility. J. Anim. Sci. 31, No. 4, 1970; Bergner H., Marienburg J .: Tierzucht 25, no. 11, 410-412, 1971; Shemjakina A. A .; Veterinarija č. 2, p. 77-79, 1968. These methods have not been widespread in practice because they are unpleasant to work with and are ineffective.
Tieto nedostatky vo vePkej miere odstraňuje spósob podPa vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že lignocelulózové materiály o vlhkosti 30 až 90 % sa hydrotermicky upravujú v prostředí nasýtenej vodnej páry, pri teplote 100 až 190°Č po dobu 0,1 až 3 h. K hydrotermickej úpravě lignocelulózových materiálov sa použije ako katalyzátor siričitan sodný (NA2SO3) alebo kyselina fosforečná (H3PO4) v množstve 1 až 20 %. pH produktu sa upraví amoniakom.These drawbacks are largely eliminated by the process of the invention, wherein the lignocellulosic materials having a moisture content of 30 to 90% are hydrothermally treated in a saturated water vapor environment at a temperature of 100 to 190 ° C for 0.1 to 3 hours. Sodium sulfite (NA 2 SO 3 ) or phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) in an amount of 1 to 20% is used as the catalyst for the hydrothermal treatment of the lignocellulosic materials. The pH of the product was adjusted with ammonia.
Výhody vynálezu spočívajú vo zvýšení stravitePnosti menejhodnotných a odpadových lignocelulózových materiálov na 50 až 80 percent, v zvýšení ich výživnej hodnoty o fosfor, dusík, čo umožňuje ich použitie pri intenzívnom výkrme hospodářských zvierat, pri náhradě časti jádrových krmív vo výživě prežúvavcov a získaní nového zdroja hodnotných krmív.Advantages of the invention are to increase the digestibility of inferior and waste lignocellulosic materials to 50 to 80 percent, to increase their nutritional value by phosphorus, nitrogen, which allows their use in intensive feeding of livestock, replacing part of the core feed in ruminant nutrition and obtaining a new source of valuable feed.
Příklad č. 1Example # 1
Piliny z bukového dřeva o vlhkosti 50 % sa zahrievajú v tlakovom zariadení v prostředí nasýtenej vodnej páry pri teplote 160 °C po dobu 2 h. Po ukončení parenia sa rýchle uvolní tlak. Takto upravené bukové piliny majú stravitelnost’ 50 až 55 % a móžu tvořit’ časť křmnej dávky pre prežúvavce. Je výhodné ich použit’ ako nosič melasy a močoviny, najma pri výrobě tvarovaných granulovaných krmív.50% beechwood sawdust is heated in a pressurized machine in a saturated water vapor environment at 160 ° C for 2 h. After steaming, the pressure is released rapidly. Such treated beech filings have a digestibility of 50-55% and may form part of the ruminant ration. It is advantageous to use them as a molasses and urea carrier, especially in the production of shaped granular feeds.
Příklad č. 2Example # 2
Piliny z bukového dřeva sa rovnoměrně navlhčia vodným roztokom Na2SO3 v takom množstve, aby ich vlhkost’ bola 80 % a množstvo Na2SO3 15 % (na sušinu pilin). Potom sa piliny zohrievajú v tlakovpm zariadení na teplotu 170 °C po dobu 2 h. Po ukončení zahrievania sa rýchlo uvolní tlak. Prebytočný siričitan sa odstraní premývaním. Takto upravené bukové piliny' majú stravitelnost’ 65 až 75 %.The beech wood chips are moistened with an aqueous solution of Na 2 SO 3 in an amount such that their moisture content is 80% and the amount of Na 2 SO 3 is 15% (on the dry matter of sawdust). The sawdust is then heated at 170 [deg.] C. under pressure of the apparatus for 2 h. After heating, the pressure is released rapidly. Excess sulphite is removed by washing. The treated beech filings have a digestibility of 65 to 75%.
Příklad č. 3Example # 3
Pšeničná slama sa rovnoměrně navlhčí-vodným roztokom kyseliny fosforečnej tak, aby jej vlhkost’ bola 60 % a množstvo kyseliny fosforečnej 2 % na sušinu slamy. Potom sa zahrieva po dobu 1 h. na teplotu 150 °C. Po ukončení zahrievania sa rýchlo uvolní tlak. Potom sa upraví pH na až 7 nanesením příslušného množstva amoniaku. Týmto spósobom sa slama obohatí o 0,6 % fůsforu a 0,7 dusíka a jej stravitelnost’ dosiahne 60 až 65 %.Wheat straw is uniformly moistened with an aqueous phosphoric acid solution such that its moisture content is 60% and the amount of phosphoric acid is 2% per dry straw content. Then heat for 1 h. to 150 ° C. After heating, the pressure is released rapidly. The pH is then adjusted to up to 7 by applying an appropriate amount of ammonia. In this way, straw is enriched with 0.6% phosphorus and 0.7 nitrogen and reaches 60 to 65% digestibility.
Příklad č. 4Example # 4
Piliny z bukového dřeva sa rovnoměrně navlhčia vodným roztokom Na2SO3 v takom množstve, aby ich vlhkost’ bola 60 % a množstvo siričitanu % na sušinu pilin. Potom sa piliny zohrievajú v tlakovom zariadení na teplotu 190 °C po dobu 0,5 h. Po ukončení zahrievania sa rýchlo uvolní tlak. Takto upravené bukové piliny majú stravitelnost’ 60 až 65 %.The beech wood filings are moistened evenly with an aqueous solution of Na 2 SO 3 in an amount such that their moisture content is 60% and the amount of sulphite% to the sawdust dry matter. The sawdust is then heated in a pressure apparatus to 190 ° C for 0.5 h. After heating, the pressure is released rapidly. The treated beech filings have a digestibility of 60 to 65%.
Použitelnost’ spósobu podlá vynálezu je daná charakterom vynálezu a vzťahuje sa na oblasti chovu hospodářských zvierat, ich křmenia a využitia menej hodnotných a odpadových lignocelulózových materiálov.The applicability of the method according to the invention is given by the nature of the invention and relates to the areas of livestock breeding, their feeding and the use of less valuable and waste lignocellulosic materials.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS748647A CS198364B1 (en) | 1974-12-17 | 1974-12-17 | Method of increasement of nutritious value of less valuable and waste lignocellulose materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS748647A CS198364B1 (en) | 1974-12-17 | 1974-12-17 | Method of increasement of nutritious value of less valuable and waste lignocellulose materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS198364B1 true CS198364B1 (en) | 1980-06-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS748647A CS198364B1 (en) | 1974-12-17 | 1974-12-17 | Method of increasement of nutritious value of less valuable and waste lignocellulose materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS198364B1 (en) |
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1974
- 1974-12-17 CS CS748647A patent/CS198364B1/en unknown
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