CN86207491U - Resistance-enlarging-type foldable friction prop - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a resistance enlarging type foldable friction prop, comprising an outer column casing, an inner column casing, a folding mechanism and a locking mechanism. The outer column casing is arranged on the inner column casing, the inner column casing is arranged under the outer column casing, and the mouth of the outer column casing faces down; the outer column casing can be divided into an upper and a lower section which are foldable. The utility model with the advantages of light weight, less parts, low cost, safe operation, large working resistance, and large starting resistance can be adjusted and is suitable for general mining working faces in coal mines.

Description

Resistance-enlarging-type foldable friction prop

A kind of collapsible resistance-enlarging-type friction prop.

The utility model belongs to the employed support apparatus of work plane or building site such as colliery, other mines and tunnel, culvert.

Existing friction prop is divided into micro-drag, suddenly increases three types of resistance and fast constant-resistance types, and is wherein maximum with micro-drag formula consumption.

Though this pillar type differs, with regard to resistance increasing type, its structure is formed by live post, column casing and retaining mechanism; Wherein live post last, and column casing is following, and the post of living can stretch in column casing, with retaining mechanism they is locked.

The post alive of now general micro-drag friction prop is generally formed by the U-steel butt welding of two Gent systems, and its friction surface has the gradient of 1:1250; When bearing roof pressure, it sinks by retaining mechanism thereupon, is clamped automatically before this, then just owing to above-mentioned gradient makes progressively trace increase of working resistance.

Column casing is also formed by the U-steel butt welding of two Gent systems, and the lock body and the supporting plate of retaining mechanism welded on its top, and base is being welded in the lower end.

Retaining mechanism is made up of lock body and clamping device.Lock body is welded with clip, fixture block and friction plate.Clamping device comprises wedge group and stopping means; The wedge group is made up of horizontal wedge, voussoir and slide block.

During work, press earlier the top board height and twitch the post of living, mix up a column length; Existing prop raising tool is installed on the retaining mechanism on column casing top then, is clamped up jacking of post alive, the post of waiting to live causes 1～3 ton top lift to top board after from a side, the hammer of choosing again hits, and urgent horizontal wedge making each friction idol produce frictional resistance, clamp the post of living, roof supporting.Manually beat loose horizontal wedge in the place usefulness of pressing close to empty top zone during caving, post alive is fallen automatically, embrace away pillar then.

This pillar hammer of choosing when lock hits horizontal wedge, and its strength is not easy control, so each post working resistance is often not of uniform size, causes pillar to damage or top board worsens.Sometimes because condition of work limits, and horizontal wedge is difficult for urgent, thereby starting resistance is low, can only lean on post alive to descend increases working resistance, so dropping distance must increase, top board is destroyed thereupon sinking; To be infected with coal dust more when the post of living, or coal dust is when moist, and working resistance is more unreliable; Run into retaining mechanism when malfunctioning, the post of living falls automatically, causes local empty top; When roof weighting, often producing slides falls resistance, and working resistance reduces suddenly, and the post of living glides rapidly, causes grave danger.And the column casing mouth of this pillar up, stockpiles coal dust easily, and gumming is difficulty very.

During the caving prop drawing, this pillar will be stood in the place loose horizontal wedge of hammering of empty top zone by the workman, and is unfavorable to personal safety, and pillar is lost easily.Reasons such as malfunctioning owing to the wedge group sometimes, coal dust compacting are beaten the post of living after the loose horizontal wedge and still can not be fallen automatically, the prop drawing difficulty, or make pillar lose, damage.

The post alive of this friction prop and column casing section are square, and mechanical property is unreasonable, and have a large amount of weld seams to exist in main force part, so snap distortion easily.

The GB1603025 patent of single deck tape-recorder ring and the approval in 1981 of two snap ring-type pillar and Britain, the section of all will live post and column casing changes circle into, has also done other improvement.But they are all the same with above-mentioned friction prop to be the self-locking pillar, and starting resistance can not regulated at will when beginning to support, thereby can not be according to the load active adjustment lock power on direct top; When prop drawing, fail to avoid the workman to press close to empty top zone and operate this fundamental drawback, thereby personal safety and the pillar rate of recovery are all unsecured.

The appearance of hydraulic prop has solved all problems that friction prop caused: at first, setting load can reach 300,000 newton, and can adjust in this scope; Secondly, the support force of each pillar can keep uniformity; The 3rd, there is not the problem that falls post automatically and cause empty top zone; The 4th, do not slide and fall the resistance phenomenon.

But the manufacturing of hydraulic prop and maintenance technique be more complicated all, goes wrong easily; Need use high-pressure pump during setting prop, operating technology is also remarkable; It involves great expense, and is generally 4～5 times of common friction prop, and everything all is unfavorable for the popularization of this pillar.And, because the column casing mouth, is fallen into cinder up easily, cause wearing and tearing and leakage of oil; When load surpasses 300,000 Newtonian times, just unloading automatically, and when large tracts of land overloaded, top board was just needing many pillars to support energetically, and this explanation hydraulic prop has lost the advantage that micro-drag formula friction prop can increase resistance with the increase of roof pressure.

In view of this, design a kind of pillar, it is cheap, use and maintenance technique simply, not easy to wear, can improve setting load again can be according to the load active adjustment starting resistance on direct top, but remote-controlled operation during caving, thereby can guarantee personal safety and improve the pillar rate of recovery, can also keep micro-drag formula friction prop to increase the advantage of resistance with the increase of roof pressure in addition, everything proposes the purpose of this utility model exactly.

The utility model has changed various common features now using individual prop, promptly column casing down, the post of living is in last structure; In contrast, the structure of this pillar is an integral column at last, nozzle down, is enclosed within the inner column outside and is stretched (post of will living here is called integral column, and column casing is called inner column, below herewith).Integral column is divided into upper and lower section, is connected by fold mechanism between two sections, makes it and can fold; The lower end of integral column hypomere is enclosed within the inner column outside by his locking-type retaining mechanism, and can adjust its fit position in certain scope, thereby can regulate the height of whole pillar.The inner column lower end is connected with the post footwear.The cross section of interior integral column is circle.The integral column top is a supporting plate, is used for the supporting with it articulated roof beam of support; The upper surface of supporting plate can be made arc surface (also can make the plane).

In order to make the lock power can Artificial Control, can adopt his locking-type reed retaining mechanism; This mechanism can be by hardness such as cylindrical shape reed and inner column form or hard metal such as non-friction idol, and both fricting working surfaces all have 1:1000～1400(or 1:100～150) gradient, up-small and down-big, form micro-drag (or anxious increase resistance) formula structure; The reed external surface matches with the inner surface of two semicircle slips, and there is a flange reed lower end, in order to the support slips; Respectively there is a locking head at two of two slips, and each tightens involutory back with a bolt, thereby reaches the purpose of locking integral column and inner column.

Fold mechanism can be made up of integral column epimere, stand, rotating shaft and pin.There are last axillare, stand top that following axillare and clasp are arranged in the middle of the integral column epimere bottom, in the axis hole of axillare two sections outer tubing strings connected about being through with rotating shaft, and lock with pin.The stand lower end can be adopted riveted joint with the integral column hypomere or is threaded.

The orientation of rotating shaft and pin can be orthogonal, also can be parallel to each other; If vertical, for the purpose of the son of being convenient to pull pin during then for caving, should be equipped with leading truck in addition, and draw steel cable from the winch gib head, pass the hook on the leading truck, fasten on the ring of pin, extract so that when winch draws, pin put down.

In order to increase the contact area of pillar and base plate, reduce pressure to base plate, the pillar lower end is equipped with the post footwear, and its shape can be disc.

Further specify the design's preferred example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

(accompanying drawing 1 is the longitudinal plan of collapsible micro-drag friction prop, and accompanying drawing 2 is the drawing in side sectional elevation of fold mechanism)

The top of integral column epimere (1) is a circular arc and supporting plate (18), in order to the supporting with it articulated roof beam of support.Have one in the middle of the lower surface of integral column epimere (1) and go up axillare (2), a side of column casing is partial in its lateral attitude; Axis hole is arranged on the plate, and arc surface is made in the bottom of plate, and its radius of curvature is identical with the bearing pin radius.Around integral column epimere (1) bottom is tube wall, and this section tube wall has an opening in the outside of last axillare (2), so that make the integral column epimere can overturning when folding; In addition, the circumference that extends to stand (5) of this section tube wall integral body is involutory; But at the offside of above-mentioned opening, after tube wall and stand (5) are involutory, also have the vertical edge (6) of a circular arc sagging, embed stand (5) and go up in the arc-shaped slot with matching; On the vertical edge (6) pin-and-hole is arranged.

Stand (5) upper end outer surface diameter is identical with the outer surface diameter of integral column epimere.In the middle of the stand top arc surface groove is arranged, its width is bigger slightly than the width of last axillare (2); This groove respectively protrudes upward axillare (25) by the both sides of last axillare (2) one sides, and an axis hole is respectively arranged on the plate; Last axillare (2) inserts between two following axillares (25), and three axis holes are to becoming a through hole, and rotating shaft (3) penetrates through hole, and axillare couples together up and down, and the epimere of integral column and hypomere are combined into one.At the opposite side of groove, a protuberance clasp (7) on groove, forms a circular hole with groove on the stand end face, and its slightly larger in diameter is in cotter diameter.This hole and circular arc hang down on the edge (6) pin-and-hole on an axis, and equal diameters.Pin (8) passes pin-and-hole and clasp (7) in rotating shaft (3) below along the direction vertical with rotating shaft (3), is pasting the arc surface of groove, is inserted into below the arc surface of axillare (2) lower end always, will go up axillare and hold.So, when integral column bears eccentric load or during to the external force of this thruster in upper and lower axillare one side, just can be owing to pin (8) be withstood in the bottom of last axillare (2), and clasp (7) and the circular arc edge (6) that hangs down holds pin (8), thereby unlikely overturning.

On the tube wall on the pin-and-hole top, leading truck hole (20) is arranged, there is another leading truck hole (21) at corresponding position, hole therewith on last axillare (2), and the end of leading truck (19) inserts in these two holes.

Stand (5) lower end external diameter is identical with the internal diameter of integral column hypomere (9), and connects with rivet or screw.

Vertically slotting along tube wall in the bottom of cylindrical shape reed (10), is divided into 3～4, and its internal diameter equates with the external diameter of inner column (14), and both are all up-small and down-big, and it also can be 1:120 that gradient is 1:1250().The external diameter of reed (10) hypomere equates with the internal diameter of the circular clip that two Ω shape slips (11) involute; The lower surface of slips is by flange (13) the phase support of reed (10); A locking head is respectively stretched out at the two ends of two slips, and involutory back makes it to push down reed by bolt (12) locking, and inner column is caused positive pressure; The frictional resistance of Chan Shenging has just formed starting resistance therefrom; When integral column contracts under because of bearing load, also can be owing to above-mentioned 1:1250(or 1:120) gradient working resistance is progressively increased, form micro-drag (or anxious increase resistance).

Post footwear (15) can be loaded onto in the inner column lower end, so that reduce the pressure to base plate.The post footwear can be got disc, and there is the hat convex centre; The external diameter of convex equates with the internal diameter of inner column and matches, and both add with rivet or screw thread and are welded to connect; Be installed with pore (16) on the disk, in order to avoid disk is held when being pressed on the soft seat and can not pull out.

This post footwear also can be made the non-type that installs, and in the middle of its end face a groove are arranged, and cooperate with the inner column of following end closure, and the bottom of inner column adds a grab under shed, can be used as old in caving Post.Can extend under this post sole strip metal supporting plate and (or) the timber bed course so that adapt to soft seat.

The utility model is pressed earlier the height of top board in use, with the up lifting of locking head of manually holding on the retaining mechanism slips (11); After so mixing up overall height, the left and right sides cylinder of synchronous prop raising tool is positioned under two locking heads, presses pressure handle then, make the screw rod holder of prop raising tool pillar toward rising, thereby make back timber and backboard cause 80～100,000 newton's setting load to top board; Then tighten bolt (12) on the locking head according to the load on direct top with spanner again, and measure its numerical value, make the requirement of clip according to direct top load with torque spanner, cause required lock power exactly, the locking integral column stops direct top, makes it unlikely sinking; Withdraw from synchronous prop raising tool at last, pillar work is promptly finished.

When post is removed in caving, be pulled through the winch gib head earlier, in the terminal patchhole (20) and (21) with leading truck (19); This is a cross bar, and it is terminal to be exposed at the length that the outer length of column casing is slightly larger than pin after inserting two holes, and its front end is sagging, with the contour position of pin on form a hook; During caving one of wire rope (22) is passed this hook and fasten on the ring of pin (8), fasten on winch gib head (24) other end; Additional in addition steel cable (23), the one head is fastened on leading truck, and the other end is fastened and is being drawn on the wire rope of pin (22); So, when winch draws, at first pin is being put down and pulling out, then leading truck is being extracted by wire rope (23) by wire rope (22); Fold mechanism one is drawn in back plate (4) back that on the stand (5) by long wire rope pocket then, and making it with rotating shaft (3) is the axle center overturning; Also be to catch plate (4) back, back one to drag with sudden force by the stay column worker with wire rope at last, the pillar empty top zone of can scurrying out is rapidly avoided being pushed down by the mudstone of inbreak.

In sum: the utility model is owing to adopted newly-designed fold mechanism, institute so as can be with the winch automatic pin pulling, automatically pull out leading truck, automatically stay column, thereby workman can remote-controlled operation, makes the empty top zones of scurrying out rapidly simultaneously within the several seconds such as pillar, back timber and backboard. Like this caving, one side has guaranteed workman's safety, unless there are special circumstances the aspect in addition, support apparatus can be by pile things on; And owing to once only draw a pillar, on gib head, fasten several nooses more and can realize continued operation again, so winch need not back rope, caving speed can be accelerated greatly.

The utility model adopts his locking-type retaining mechanism, thereby has avoided the shortcoming of aforementioned various self-locking friction props; Its lock power is formed by the bolt that the workman screws up with a wrench on the slips, and applied force is more big, and starting resistance is more big, then just can be adjusted according to the top board situation, and available torque spanner is controlled exactly. So, roof control work is just changed over to initiatively by passive. Can also the pillar jacking with the holder of maintenance prop raising tool in case of necessity, roof delamination is gone up, thus the serious accident of avoiding.

The utility model has kept the advantage of micro-drag friction prop, when old top sinks naturally, integral column can with under contracting, working resistance also increases thereupon and progressively, unlikely Condition of Sudden Unloading; When large tracts of land is pressed, very favourable to the protection top board.

Integral column of the present utility model is upper, and its nozzle down; Therefore, when carrying out supporting, just can do synchronization of jacking up from beneath both sides with the synchronization of jacking up device, thereby can cause to top board 80～100,000 newton's setting load, meet Ministry of Coal Industry's ministry standard. In addition, because the nozzle of integral column down, avoid old-fashioned friction prop coal dust to stockpile and clear powder hard problem, also avoided a wear problem that rubs of hydraulic prop.

The utility model has increased the post footwear, has reduced the pressure to base plate; Vamp is long-pending to be 250cm²About, reached anti-sinking constant, in the working face use of ooze base plate, very favourable.

The utility model adopts the non-post footwear that are fixedly mounted with, and can once make as the old fore-set in the caving, repeatedly uses labor and material saving; And, add strip metal supporting plate and timber bed course, applicable to the ooze roof and floor, very favourable to caving work.

Part is less in addition for the utility model, and wear extent is few, and need not bug dusting, thus a little repair, long service life, easy to operate, cheap.

In a word, the utility model is colliery conventional face, the particularly good support apparatus of numerous medium and small colliery.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of metal friction pillar of forming by inner column, integral column and retaining mechanism, it is characterized in that: inner column (14) is following, integral column is last, the integral column mouth down, integral column divides goes up hypomere (1) (9), between two sections fold mechanism is arranged, integral column can be folded, integral column hypomere (9) lower end is by him locking-type retaining mechanism and inner column socket, and can change belled position within the specific limits, the inner column lower end is connected with post footwear (15), and the section of inside and outside column casing is circle, and integral column epimere top is a supporting plate (18).

2, a kind of metal friction pillar as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that fold mechanism is by integral column epimere (1), stand (5), rotating shaft (3), pin (8), on, following axillare (2), (25) form with clasp (7), there is last axillare (2) integral column epimere (1) lower end, there is following axillare (25) on stand (5) top, both cooperate, connect with rotating shaft (3), pin (8) is along passing the pin-and-hole and the clasp on the stand (7) of column casing epimere with the perpendicular direction of rotating shaft, below the axillare in the insertion (2), integral column is locked, the stand lower end is connected with rivet with integral column hypomere upper end, there is a saddle (19) the pin top, is inserted in the hole (20) (21) of integral column epimere.

3, a kind of metal friction pillar as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: retaining mechanism is enclosed within inner column (14) outside formation by cylindrical shape reed (10) and waits hard metal friction idol, the reed external surface cooperates with two Ω shape slips (11) inner surface, with bolt (12) two slips are locked, form his locking-type structure, reed (10) epimere is a hollow cylinder, match with integral column hypomere (9), connect with rivet, the hypomere of reed is vertically slotted along tube wall, is divided into 3～4, and its internal diameter is identical with inner column (14) external diameter, its inner surface matches with the inner column external surface, and the gradient of 1:1000～1400 or 1:100～150 is all arranged, and up-small and down-big, the external surface of reed hypomere matches with slips, there is a flange (13) lower end of reed, in order to the support slips.

4, a kind of metal friction pillar as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that (10) inner surface of reed in the retaining mechanism and inner column (14) external surface hardness are unequal.

5, a kind of metal friction pillar as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that integral column epimere top supporting plate (18) is the circular arc panel.

6, a kind of metal friction pillar as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that integral column epimere top supporting plate (18) is a surface plate.

7, a kind of metal friction pillar as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: post footwear (15) are disc, and pore (16) is arranged on the dish, are cap shape convex in the middle of the dish, and the platform external diameter is identical with the inner column internal diameter, and is loaded in the inner column, connects with rivet.

8, a kind of metal mainstay as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that end closure under the inner column, in the middle of the post footwear upper surface groove is arranged, and matches with the inner column lower end, and a grab under shed is arranged at the inner column bottom.

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