CN86201349U - High-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope - Google Patents
High-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN86201349U CN86201349U CN 86201349 CN86201349U CN86201349U CN 86201349 U CN86201349 U CN 86201349U CN 86201349 CN86201349 CN 86201349 CN 86201349 U CN86201349 U CN 86201349U CN 86201349 U CN86201349 U CN 86201349U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope. The high-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope is an electricity checking device which can be respectively up to the electricity checking work of high voltage electricity of 6-500 kilovolts. The high-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope adopts electronic integrated elements and separative elements to combine a circuit. All elements are assembled inside a shielding layer, and the safe work of an electronic circuit on a high voltage equal potential is ensured. The high-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope has the functions of acoustooptical double signal indication and continuous self-checking. The high-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope is in a contact type electricity checking mode. The high-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope has interference immunity, and has the functions of distinguishing the residual high voltage static charge of electrical equipment, and the alternating current induction high voltage of a double-returning line.
Description
For providing safe and reliable electrical verification instrument to implement the utility model for 6～500 kilovolts of each electric pressure electric devices of electric system.
The various high voltage electroscopes that present domestic typing is produced (as: GY-1 type, GY-2 type high-tension test pencil that electricity measurer factory in Shanghai produces) show through actual over the years use of electric system, have many shortcomings and deficiencies parts, roughly can be summarized as follows:
1. electroscope adopts the neon tube indication, and poor visibility is especially low in outdoor electrical verification resolution, causes erroneous judgement disconnected easily, seriously jeopardizes personal safety.
2. electroscope itself is continuously from testing function, so can not verify the integrity of this instrument at any time, therefore in the place that some all has a power failure or the uniline power supply has a power failure, just can't verify the integrity of electroscope itself, will cause serious consequence without redemption in case instrument itself is malfunctioning.
3. galvanoscopic electric pressure is too low, mostly 35 kilovolts and below, develop rapidly along with power industry, 110 kilovolts, 220 kilovolts even higher UHV (ultra-high voltage) occur in a large number, these extra-high tension units more need safe and reliable electrical verification instrument, but can only contact high-tension electricity by means of insulation rod mostly at present sends discharging sound and judges that safe reliability is very poor.
In view of above-mentioned actual conditions, Shanghai power supply administration has born the novel galvanoscopic scientific research mission of development that East China bureau in charge of electricity of Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power assigns, succeed in developing at present, and reaching the measured test of having done various performance index on 500 kilovolts of equipment of high-tension laboratory on office system 6～220 kv grid equipment, the result of measured test shows that the novel electroscope of local exchange development has possessed following function:
1. electroscope has the indication of acousto-optic dual signal;
2. electroscope has continuously from testing function;
3. electroscope can be competent at the electrical verification work of the electric device of 6～500 kilovolts of each relevant voltage grades;
4. electroscope is a contact-type electrical verification mode, strong interference immunity;
5. electroscope has the residual high pressure static charge of distinguishing large-capacity electrical apparatus and the high-tension function of alternating current impression of double-circuit line;
6. electroscope has characteristics such as volume is little, in light weight, safe and reliable, flexible operation.
Be described in detail technical characterictic of the present utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the electrical schematic diagram of the utility model " high pressure equipotential self-checking type acoustooptical electroscope ".
Fig. 2 is the input circuit device electrical schematic diagram of the utility model " high pressure equipotential self-checking type acoustooptical electroscope ".
Fig. 3 is the level conversion and the acousto-optic functional device electrical schematic diagram of the utility model " high pressure equipotential self-checking type acoustooptical electroscope ".
Fig. 4 be the utility model " high pressure equipotential self-checking type acoustooptical electroscope " test the telltale electrical schematic diagram certainly.
One, with reference to Fig. 1. electroscope adopts electronics integrated component, apportion combination of elements circuit, all element is assembled in the electroscope housing that is pressed into by the ABS engineering plastics, the all surface of inner casing is handled through vacuum evaporation, formed a good metal screen layer, its effect has two: one, and whole electronic components all are within the shield ranges of metal screen layer, when electroscope is in high electric field action following time, because all pressures effect of screen layer, guaranteed that electronic loop still can work safely and reliably; The 2nd, an electroscope electrode of distributed capacitance over the ground when this screen layer is electrical verification again, the area of screen layer and physical dimension thereof have determined the electroscope size of distributed capacitance over the ground, and the numerical value of distributed capacitance has determined to flow through the numerical value of galvanoscopic capacitance current under certain ac high-voltage, the big young pathbreaker of this numerical value influences electroscope starting voltage value, and this galvanoscopic distributed capacitance value is about 3 picofarads.
Two, with reference to Fig. 2. galvanoscopic input circuit device is by diode (1), (2), (3), resistance (4), (5), (6), (7), electric capacity (8), (9) and triode (10) are formed.Element (1), (2) are respectively the positive and negative half-wave conducting diode of power frequency, power frequency positive half-wave signal flows into the common ground end by element (1), (4) and by element (5), (8), (10), by coupled metal screen layer the earth is constituted passage again.Be parallel with filter capacitor (8) and sample resistance (5) between the base stage of sampled signal pipe (10) and the emitter.The effect of filter capacitor (8) is that the pulsating semi-wave with sinusoidal signal is improved as comparatively smooth direct current signal ripple.The effect of sample resistance (5) is the cut-in voltage of control sampled signal pipe (10) base-emitter-base bandgap grading, and the numerical values recited of this resistance directly influences galvanoscopic trigger voltage value.Sampled signal pipe for same model, because all there are certain dispersiveness in its threshold level and β numerical value, simultaneously also inequality for its trigger voltage numerical value of electroscope of variant electric pressure, so choosing of sample resistance (5) should be matched with the parameter of filter capacitor (8), sampled signal pipe (10).When the β value of sampled signal pipe (10) was in 80～160 scopes, the numerical value of filter capacitor (8) can be chosen in 0.68 μ f～3.3 μ f scopes.The numerical value of sample resistance (5) can be chosen in 51K Ω～1M Ω scope.Non-linear piezoresistive element (7) is connected in parallel between high-voltage signal input end and the ground wire.Its effect is when superpotential occurring, during arc discharge causes during as electroscope contact high-tension electricity high-frequency sasser, with its amplitude limitation in the scope that allows.Resistance (6) and electric capacity (9) are formed the negative polarity superpotential and are absorbed circuit, it as non-linear voltage dependent resistor (VDR) after the auxiliary protection of level.The numerical values recited of resistance (6) is also influential to testing signal amplitude certainly, therefore choosing of resistance (6) will cooperate suitably, when electric capacity (9) numerical value was in 0.068 μ f～0.22 μ f scope, the numerical value of resistance (6) can be chosen in 51K Ω～510K Ω scope.Diode (3) is a positive polarity check diode, and its effect is to stop the positive polarity composition of external high-voltage signal to be scurried into from experiment device.
Three, with reference to Fig. 3. level conversion is realized by (27), (28) two groups of Schmidt's not circuits, signal by the output of sampled signal pipe collector enters (27) not gate input end through (12), (17) capacitance-resistance absorption circuit, when signal amplitude reaches the triggering upset level of (27) not gate, (27) output terminal of not gate is a level"1" by the level "0" saltus step immediately, and the output terminal of (28) not gate is a level "0" by the level"1" saltus step immediately.(27) not gate plays shaping operation to signal waveform, the effect of changing of flatting turn that electrifies of (28) not gate.Element (12) (17) capacitance-resistance loop is the auxiliary of overvoltage protection, with the amplitude limitation that guarantees input signal in allowed band.
The acousto-optic funtion part realizes power amplification by element (19), (20), when the electroscope no signal is injected, (27) non-gate output terminal is level "0", (19) power tube saturation conduction, (23) green light emitting diode is lighted, (28) gate output terminal is level"1" at this moment, and (20) power tube is cut-off state, and circuit is in the static duty.When electroscope has signal to inject, (comprise from testing signal and injecting), (27) output terminal of not gate is a level"1" by the level "0" saltus step immediately, (28) output terminal of not gate jumps to level "0" by level"1" immediately, (19) pipe is become by conducting and ends at this moment, (20) pipe becomes saturation conduction by ending, (24) Red LED1 is lighted, simultaneously by L, the C oscillatory circuit is by transformer coupled driving piezoelectricity singing piece sounding, audible frequency can pass through element (15), (18) regulate, the numerical value of resistance and electric capacity increases audio frequency and will descend thereupon, otherwise the numerical value of resistance and electric capacity reduces, and audio frequency will rise.The turn ratio of transformer primary and secondary is 1:5, and the elementary 0.27 millimeter high strength enamelled wire of φ of using is around 80 circles, and the secondary 0.1 millimeter high strength enamelled wire of φ of using is around 400 circles, and core section is long-pending to be selected in about 3.5 * 5.5 square millimeters.The β value of element (21), (22) two pipes is generally got greater than 60 and is advisable the bigger starting of oscillations easily of β.
Four, with reference to Fig. 4. partly be made up of astable circuit and monostable circuit two from the experiment device part, astable circuit is formed in element (30), (32), (33), and monostalbe trigger is formed in element (29), (31), (34).(33) output terminal of not gate about 2 seconds symmetrical square wave signal output oscillation period is exported the narrower rect.p. of a pulse width through the differential of monostable circuit.This pulse signal directly injects galvanoscopic input end, in order to verify galvanoscopic integrity.The length in square wave oscillation cycle is by the time constant decision of (30), (32) element, the electric capacity of the width-adjustable joint element (31) of output rectangular pulse signal, electric capacity more greatly, pulse width is wideer, otherwise pulse width is narrower, and concrete the adjustment with 60% cell voltage can be advisable by reliable driving circuit down.
Five, the whole group of electroscope working condition
1. electroscope is installed on the insulating bar of relevant voltage grade, open the electroscope power switch, this moment, green light emitting diode was lighted, electroscope is devoted oneself to work, simultaneously from electrical verification road device send be spaced apart 2 seconds test pulse signal certainly, this is tested pulse signal certainly and injects galvanoscopic input end, by sampling, shaping, level conversion, each circuit link such as power amplification, variation has taken place in its circuit state thereupon, electroscope is by original not electriferous state, transfer instantaneous electriferous state to, its be reflected in galvanoscopic look like to light by original green light emitting diode transfer instantaneous Red LED1 to and light, piezoelectric buzzer sends the sound of of short duration " all " simultaneously, inject input end along with testing signal period property ground certainly, electroscope sends interruption acoustic signal of red flashing signal and " all; all ... " again and again synchronously, move on along with insulating bar gradually near in the process of high-voltage charged body at electroscope, above-mentioned signal exists all the time, and the galvanoscopic whole circuit workings of this signal indicating are normal.
2. when galvanoscopic input head contacted high-tension apparatus, when having had a power failure as if this high-tension apparatus, owing to there is not the injection of high-voltage signal, electroscope was still along with about 2 seconds the pulse signal frequency of testing certainly in interval sends red flashing signal and interruption acoustic signal synchronously.If when this high-tension apparatus was charged, high-voltage signal injected electroscope immediately, from testing signal by check, electroscope is lasting electriferous state simultaneously, the acoustic signal of sending continuous ruddiness and continuing.
3. when electroscope broke away from high-voltage charged body, high-voltage signal disappeared, and injected automatically immediately from testing signal simultaneously, so the acoustic signal that electroscope sends red flash of light again and is interrupted.
In the overall process of above-mentioned electrical verification, whether intact whether the existence of testing signal certainly be electroscope important symbol, and it has guaranteed the correct reliable of electrical verification work.
Six, galvanoscopic major parameter index
1. maximum Overall Power Consumption＜0.3W
2. luminous indication brightness＞1mcd
3. sounding is indicated loudness 5M＞80db
4. audible frequency 3500HZ
5. response time＜0.1S is returned in action
6. electrical verification contacts distance:
6KV＝0cm 10KV＝0cm
35KV＜2cm 110KV＜5cm
220KV＜10cm 500KV＜20cm
7. electroscope operating ambient temperature :-40 ℃～+ 50 ℃
8. electroscope weight=180g
Seven, the electroscope problem that on the make should arouse attention:
1. the metal screen layer of handling through vacuum evaporation must be connected as a single entity, the ground terminal of each element of circuit comprises the metal polar plate of piezoelectric ceramic piece, the metal-coating of power switch etc., all should link to each other with metal screen layer, because electroscope is under the high effect of electric field, any suspension metalwork all will cause partial discharge phenomenon, damage electronic component.
2. the parameter of galvanoscopic trigger voltage value and element (5), (10), (11) and the capacitance of metal screen layer are relevant, but the electric leakage of easily ignoring element (8) electric capacity causes the rising of trigger voltage, so this place should select quality electric capacity preferably for use, as CA series.
Eight, with reference to Fig. 1. an example of summary the utility model " high pressure equipotential self-checking type acoustooptical electroscope " (110 kilovolts～220 kilovolts levels).
Can implement the utility model by example shown in Figure 1.Its principle of work, circuit structure and connection characteristics are all as previously mentioned.Its components and parts such as following table:
(1), (2), (3) diode (2CP type)
(4), (12) resistance (51K Ω)
(5), (6) resistance (107K Ω)
(7) non-linear voltage dependent resistor (VDR) (RM3-12)
(8) electric capacity (2.2 μ f)
(9) electric capacity (0.1 μ f)
(10), (21) triode (β 100)
(11) resistance (300K Ω)
(13), (14) resistance (2K Ω)
(15), (29), (30) resistance (910K Ω)
(16) resistance (10K Ω)
(17) electric capacity (0.01 μ f)
(18) electric capacity (1500pf)
(19), (20), (22) triode (β 150)
(23), (24) light emitting diode (FG313000)
(25) oscillation transformer (voltage ratio 1:5)
(26) piezoelectric ceramic piece (HTD27A-1)
(27), (28), (33), (34) Schmidt trigger (CC4584)
(35) power switch (1 * 2)
(36) battery (SR44)
Claims (9)
1, a kind ofly has sound, light dual signal indication, has continuously from testing function, can being competent at the electroscope of 6～500 kilovoltage grade electrical verification work respectively; It is characterized in that electroscope by input circuit device, level conversion and acousto-optic functional device with test telltale three certainly and partly forms, and all element is assembled in vacuum evaporation is handled the metallic enclosure of formation.
2, electroscope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being parallel with between the ground terminal of galvanoscopic high-voltage signal input end and circuit non-linear piezoresistive element (7) and the negative half-wave conducting diode (2) of power frequency.
3, electroscope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being parallel with filter capacitor (8) and sample resistance (5) between the base stage of sampled signal pipe (10) and the emitter.
4, electroscope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the high-voltage signal input end and tests negative polarity surge absorption element and the positive polarity check diode (3) that is provided with resistance (6), electric capacity (9) formation between signal input part certainly.
5, electroscope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being in series with power frequency positive half-wave conducting diode (1) and current-limiting resistance (4) between the base stage of high-voltage signal input end and sampled signal pipe (10).
6, electroscope as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the reliably working voltage of non-linear piezoresistive element (7) is selected between 12～18 volts.
7, electroscope as claimed in claim 3, the β value that it is characterized in that signal pipe (10) can be chosen in 80～160 scopes, electric capacity (8) numerical value can be chosen in 0.68 μ f～3.3 μ f scopes, and sample resistance (5) numerical value can be chosen in 51K Ω～1M Ω scope.
8, electroscope as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that the numerical value of resistance (6) can be chosen in 51K Ω～510K Ω scope, the numerical value of electric capacity (9) can be chosen in 0.068 μ f～0.22 μ f scope.
9,, it is characterized in that between the ground terminal of circuit and the metal screen layer good electrical contact being arranged as the described electroscope of claim 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8..
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86201349 CN86201349U (en) | 1986-02-27 | 1986-02-27 | High-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86201349 CN86201349U (en) | 1986-02-27 | 1986-02-27 | High-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86201349U true CN86201349U (en) | 1987-06-10 |
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ID=4805128
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86201349 Ceased CN86201349U (en) | 1986-02-27 | 1986-02-27 | High-voltage equipotential self-checking acoustooptical electroscope |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN86201349U (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101221199B (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2010-06-16 | 杨振敏 | Equipotential high-tension electric energy measuring apparatus of authigenic power supply |
| CN102520234A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-27 | 翟银华 | External detection type coaxial bipolar high-low voltage alternating current acousto-optic electroscope |
| CN104931905A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-09-23 | 国家电网公司 | High-voltage electroscope starting voltage test apparatus and test method |
| CN106597064A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-04-26 | 中国电力科学研究院 | UHV (extra-high voltage) AC line electricity verification device |
| CN111638397A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-08 | 国网山东省电力公司威海市文登区供电公司 | Pull-type high-voltage electricity testing device |
-
1986
- 1986-02-27 CN CN 86201349 patent/CN86201349U/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101221199B (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2010-06-16 | 杨振敏 | Equipotential high-tension electric energy measuring apparatus of authigenic power supply |
| CN102520234A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-27 | 翟银华 | External detection type coaxial bipolar high-low voltage alternating current acousto-optic electroscope |
| CN104931905A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-09-23 | 国家电网公司 | High-voltage electroscope starting voltage test apparatus and test method |
| CN104931905B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2017-12-19 | 国家电网公司 | High voltage electroscope starts voltage test device and test method |
| CN106597064A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-04-26 | 中国电力科学研究院 | UHV (extra-high voltage) AC line electricity verification device |
| CN111638397A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-08 | 国网山东省电力公司威海市文登区供电公司 | Pull-type high-voltage electricity testing device |
| CN111638397B (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-03-25 | 国网山东省电力公司威海市文登区供电公司 | Pull-type high-voltage electricity testing device |
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