CN86106766A - Highly precise micropower testing instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

Highly precise micropower testing instrument provided by the invention is applicable to the power, efficient etc. of the various small rotary machineries of test, test specification: 1 watt to 100 watts.The characteristics of this tester are the direct current generator that insert supporting that its torque-transmitting mechanisms is smooth circular arc by two cutting edges is used to test, this motor by being inserted in " V " at the bottom of having of its two ends of the smooth arc-shaped slot thus shape slot type axle sleeve has significantly reduced frictional resistance as surface of contact, make the corresponding raising of sensor sensing effect, its torque sensitivity reaches 5 , and the torque precision is between 1% to 5 ‰.

Description

The present invention relates to a kind of device of measuring the mechanical output value, be particularly useful for the high-precision measuring of the micropower of small rotary machinery, but the power scale scope is 1 watt to 100 watts.

The existing various instruments that are used to test rotating machinery power generally adopt torque balance test mesa structure, are about to motor and place on the support that is equipped with rolling bearing, record the torque of tested machinery by leverage.Use its rotating speed of rotating speed instrumentation to obtain the power that two data are determined this rotating machinery then by above-mentioned.Need overcome certain frictional resistance moment because the rolling bearing of above-mentioned dynamometer starts from stationary state, this just makes the measurement result of torque be difficult to accurately, and especially the measuring error to the torque of the small rotating machinery of power is then bigger.Thereby the testing precision of Russian Patent Su-987423 introduces a kind of balance test platform that is used to measure torque the adopts concentric curve slot configurations reduces to a certain extent frictional resistance improved torque balance testing table.But still can not satisfy the test request of miniwatt rotating machinery trace torque.The high precision torque testing device that Su-935721 provides also is so, and all can not drive tested machinery to measure its efficient and power loss as power.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of instrument that can measure small rotary machinery micropower value accurately, this instrument both can be done power, can load again, thereby have multiple function.

Task of the present invention is finished in the following way, being provided with two on the test platen is parallel to each other, its cutting edge upwards is the nemaline carbide blade of circular arc, then a direct current motor is directly contacted with blade by the axle sleeve that is enclosed within " V " shape groove having in the rotating shaft by its two ends rotating shaft extension, it is circular-arc that bottom land is.Like this, make the motor be used for measured power have axial location and the axis double action of return voluntarily, and can bear certain axial thrust.Motor is connected with an adapter sleeve with tested machinery makes it to become concentric rotating shafts, and during test, the motor housing that is bearing in the tester on the blade is subjected to the moment of reaction that equates with tested machine torque through the action of a magnetic field.Because blade and " V " shape groove are arc surface and contact the resistance that is subjected to when making the machine shaft rotation and significantly reduce, the error of above-mentioned torque detection is promptly dwindled thereupon.One pair of cantilever of assembling and join by connecting filament and pulling force sensor on motor is so the moment of reaction that above-mentioned motor housing bears spurs pulling force sensor, the torque that can record measured object through a side cantilever wherein.Its rotating speed adopts the infrared ray electric tachometer to measure.The above-mentioned torque that obtains and rotary speed data amplify with the conversion back through electron-amplifier and import the power that computing machine can obtain tested machinery rapidly.Enroll computer program in advance as each amount that needs are measured, can calculate and print needed various relevant data continuously.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing a kind of concrete structure of the present invention is further described.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation.Wherein: the 1-adjustable seats; The 2-adapter sleeve; 3-rotating shaft jerk value sensor; 4a, 4b-axle sleeve; 5a, 5b-supporting blade; 6a, 6b-pulling force sensor; 7a, 7b-connecting filament; 8-counterweight nut; 9a, 9b-cantilever; The 10-direct current generator; The 11-central conductor; The 12-platen; The 13-disk; 14-infrared ray electric tachometer; The 15-microcomputer; The 16-electron-amplifier; 17-level correction blade; The 18-micro-adjusting mechanism; The 19-stabilized voltage supply; The 20-connector lug; 21-axle center centering sensor; The 22-inside groove.

Fig. 2 is the knife edge line synoptic diagram of supporting blade, wherein 23-knife edge line.

Fig. 3 is an A-A cut-open view among Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the cut-open view of axle sleeve, wherein 24-" V " shape groove.

Fig. 5 is the operation circuit block scheme.

With reference to Fig. 1, the direct current generator (10) that with a power is 20 watts stretches out the axle sleeve (4a, 4b) that partly has as shown in Figure 4 " V " shape groove (24) and is bearing on two blades (5a, 5b) by being enclosed within its two ends rotating shaft, this two blade wimet of drawing materials is made, and being parallel to each other is fixed on the platen (12).Knife edge angular is illustrated in figure 2 as 25 °, and it is circular arc in 50 millimeters smooth that the knife edge (23) is illustrated in figure 3 as a radius, and blade cutting edge thickness is to be not more than 0.003 millimeter smooth circular arc.It " V " shape groove (24) both sides angle of above-mentioned axle sleeve (4a, 4b) is 140 °, and bottom land makes the smooth interior circular arc that radius is R2, and its supporting part is made of high-carbon steel, polishing after bottom land quenches with local laser.Laterally outwardly horizontal-extending cantilever (9a, 9b) of difference shown in Figure 1 is pressed in the motor housing upper end, and its outer end is respectively by connecting filament (7a, 7b) and the corresponding connection of the pulling force sensor that is arranged at its lower end (6a, 6b).End also is with a counterweight nut (8) that is used to regulate the cantilever levelness outside the above-mentioned cantilever (9a).The sensor (6a) has a micro-adjusting mechanism (18) that can be used to regulate sensor height, so that guarantee the levelness of cantilever at any time by the height of adjusting this sensor.Be lined with one deck vibration-proof material between each sensor and the supporting platen, its thickness is advisable with 10 millimeters.The clip that is used for fixing sensor also is surrounded by packing.Be used for cantilever (9a, 9b) and sensor (6a, 6b) respectively the tinsel (7a, 7b) of corresponding connections preferably adopt volute spring, in order to the vibration of cantilever (9a, the 9b) transmission of isolation motor (10).Cantilever (9a, 9b) below also is provided with a level correction blade (17) that is used to proofread and correct the cantilever levelness equally, and this blade becomes certain intervals vertically to be arranged on the platen with cantilever.Motor (10) is by being enclosed within the adapter sleeve (2) and the concentric socket of the transmission shaft of tested machinery in the rotating shaft of one end, have an axle center centering sensor (21) on the adapter sleeve (2), in order to calibrate the concentricity of tested machinery and motor (10) two transmission shafts, this adapter sleeve (2) is taken the phosphor bronze of stabilized processing and is made, one end of the transmission shaft socket of itself and tested rotating machinery is that cone angle stretches out and axially have some inside grooves (22), this groove generally can be four, wide 1 millimeter, long 20 millimeters, evenly distribute, make adapter sleeve (2) before sleeve pipe be divided into pintongs, so that become to be slidingly matched with the measured object transmission shaft, its contact degree of depth reaches 10 millimeters and gets final product, and locks with the cover hoop that a size matches.Every lobe lobe leaf outside surface has the foil gauge that constitutes above-mentioned axle center centering sensor (21), and every foil gauge is drawn the connector lug (20) of one 5 millimeters long.The other end of adapter sleeve (2) then is fixed in motor (10) rotating shaft, when using the transmission shaft of the tested machinery of above-mentioned adapter sleeve (2) butt joint, this transmission shaft is pushed in the adapter sleeve.When the centering of diaxon axle center, electron-amplifier can show the upward equal force value of induction of axle center centering sensor (21).Otherwise, need to continue debugging.As soon as centering can disconnect the wiring of amplifier and sensor.Be inserted in a tapered end of adapter sleeve then with cuff, adapter sleeve (2) is fastened on the transmission shaft of measured object.

Above-mentioned measured object is placed on the adjustable seats (1) that is positioned at platen (12) one ends, and this adjustable seats (1) is the rotating machinery of Any shape fixedly.For the ease of the transmission shaft of adjusting measured object and the concentricity between motor (10) rotating shaft, this bearing has the locus that can change measured object (and transmission shaft) arbitrarily and the Precision trimming mechanism of space angle.

A preceding disk (13) of axle that is used to paste infrared reflection film then is equipped with in the other end rotating shaft termination of motor (10), then, by circuit block-diagram shown in Figure 5 and with reference to layout shown in Figure 1 infrared ray electric tachometer (14), electron-amplifier (16), computing machine (15) and stabilized voltage supply (19) are fixedly mounted on and are electrically connected on the base plate (12) and constitute this tester thus.

During measured power, the adapter sleeve (2) that utilizes adjustable seats (1) will be fixed on the machine shaft aligns with the transmission shaft of tested machinery is concentric, and motor (10) promptly becomes the load that generator is made tested machinery.Change the variable resistor in the stabilized voltage supply (19), the power of scalable motor (10), the also power that sends of scalable measured object.If the armature of motor (10) is driven by measured object and moves in the direction of the clock, then motor housing be because the action of a magnetic field will be subjected to also rotation toward the clockwise direction of the torque that equates with measured object, and upwards spur sensor (6a, 6b) by cantilever (9a, 9b) on motor (10) shell and metal connecting filament (7a, 7b).According to jib-length, can calculate the torque of measured object immediately through machinery-electric conversion.Its rotating speed is then gone up the infrared reflection film reflection that adheres to by disk (13) before the axle of infrared ray through being fixed on motor (10) of infrared ray electric tachometer (14) emission, record rotating speed by infrared ray electric tachometer (14), with obtaining tachometer value and the above-mentioned torque value input computing machine (15) that records, can calculate the power that tested machinery sends then.With importing current value, the magnitude of voltage of tested machinery and sending performance number input computing machine, can calculate the efficient of measured object.Change power, the rotating speed of motor (10) by the variable resistor of regulating stabilized voltage supply (19), can obtain the efficient of measured object under different capacity and rotating speed.

When needing to measure the consumed power of tested machinery, direct current generator (10) as initiatively machine use, is driven tested mechanical rotation.As rotation toward the clockwise direction, then motor (10) shell is subjected to the action of a magnetic field that equates with tested mechanical resistance square of size and towards counter rotation, upwards spur sensor (6a) through motor cantilever (9a), metal connecting filament (7a), also can record the rotational resistance square of tested machinery according to jib-length and machinery-electric conversion, its rotating speed also records with the infrared ray electric tachometer, thereby calculates the consumed power of measured object.As long as respectively import computing machine for information about with above-mentioned, can show and print the data such as turning moment, rotating speed, power input, output power, efficient and mechanical loss of tested machinery.

The lead of drawing for fear of the motor of this tester is to the influence of measuring accuracy, and the length of this lead had better not be greater than 10 millimeters.And the central conductor that freely swings (11) that a usefulness blade links to each other with binding post is set on motor (10), overlap the lead of drawing of motor (10) thus.

For guaranteeing that this tester is connected the measuring accuracy of back in operation process with measured object, in motor (10) rotating shaft, be the jerk value of rotating shaft jerk value sensor (3) when monitoring this running also with a non-contact capacitance sensor.

In order to reduce contamination by dust and to be easy to carry, the outer cover cover envelope that this tester is made with draw materials glass or other materials.

The torque-transmitting mechanisms of above-mentioned tester should make the knife edge line of two blades (5a, 5b) keep horizontal symmetrical when mounted, and level correction blade (17) also should keep horizontality simultaneously.

Check that measuring accuracy and sensitivity of method after this tester assembly is installed are, weights with 0.02 gram is added on the tinsel hook that connects pulling force sensor, if can show corresponding torque value on computers, then the explanation assembling is proper, otherwise needs debugging again.

When using this tester to test, should be before test on the turn cantilever (9a)

Counterweight nut (8), thus by the above-mentioned level correction blade that is positioned at the cantilever below cantilever is horizontal with this blade is parallel simultaneously.In order to obtain the higher test result of precision, should produce the torque calibration curve before the test.Earlier idle sensor is upwards heightened 5 millimeters, with the interference of avoiding this sensor will produce to working sensor.Add on the hook of connecting filament of working sensor with 0.02 gram weights then, add one at every turn, progressively gain in weight till the gram number that needs to test, connect each respective point and draw torque calibration curve.

Highly precise micropower testing instrument experiment effect of the present invention is good, and its torque precision can reach 1%～5 ‰, and torque sensitivity can reach 5

, and easy to use, be widely used.Can be used for accurately measuring following micropower machinery, as interchange, Dyn. and motor, pneumatic, servo motor surges, small-sized ventilation blower, various rotary blade machineries and rotating mechanism, and torque, rotating speed, the power input of miniature power machine etc., output power, fricting loss power and efficient.Can also be used for researching and analysing and the calibration of the micropower surveying instrument of other types of various miniwatt machineries.

Claims (13)

1, a kind of highly precise micropower testing instrument that is used to measure the mechanical output value, it is by outer cover, platen, adjustable seats, commentaries on classics is apart from transmission mechanism, electron-amplifier, the infrared ray electric tachometer, composition such as computing machine and stabilized voltage supply, it is characterized in that above-mentioned torque-transmitting mechanisms is by a direct current generator (10), two its cutting edges are the nemaline hard blade (5a of smooth circular arc, 5b) and cantilever (9a, 9b), connecting filament (7a, 7b), pulling force sensor (6a, 6b) with adapter sleeve (a 2) composition that is used for being connected with one heart motor (10) rotating shaft and tested mechanical drive shaft, motor (10) two ends rotating shaft extension is put " V " shape slot type axle sleeve (4a that has at the bottom of the smooth arc-shaped slot, motor (10) is supported on 4b) and by it and is fixed in two on the platen (12) blade (5a that are parallel to each other, 5b), cantilever (9a, 9b) be positioned at the laterally outside horizontal-extending in motor (10) shell upper both sides, its outer end is by connecting filament (7a, 7b) the corresponding respectively pulling force sensor (6a that connects, 6b).

2, by the tester of claim 1, its feature is that also described motor (10) has a rotating shaft jerk value sensor (3).

3, by the tester of claim 1, the cutting edge thickness that it is characterized in that described blade (5a, 5b) is to be not more than 0.003 millimeter smooth circular arc.

4,, it is characterized in that described cantilever (9a) has the dosage nut (8) that is used to proofread and correct this cantilever levelness by the tester of claim 1.

5, by the tester of claim 1, its feature is that also described cantilever (9a) is furnished with the level correction blade (17) that is used to proofread and correct this cantilever levelness, and this blade becomes the certain intervals and the edge of a knife upwards vertically to be arranged on the platen with cantilever.

6, by the tester of claim 1, it is characterized in that described pulling force sensor (6a, 6b) be furnished with can adjust its height micro-adjusting mechanism (18).

7, by claim 1,6 tester, its feature also is to be lined with one deck vibration-proof material between described pulling force sensor (6a, 6b) and the platen.

8,, it is characterized in that described adapter sleeve (2) tapered and have some axial inside grooves (22) and become many flaps sleeve pipe with an end tested mechanical drive shaft socket by the tester of claim 1.

9,, it is characterized in that having on this many flaps sleeve pipe the axle center centering sensor (21) that constitutes by some foil gauges that are complementary with the lobe leaf by the tester of claim 8.

10,, it is characterized in that the knife edge angular of described blade (5a, 5b) can be 25 ° by the tester of claim 1.

11, by the tester of claim 1, its feature is that also the knife edge line (23) of described blade (5a, 5b) can be that a radius is 50 millimeters a smooth interior circular arc.

12, by the tester of claim 1, its feature is that also it " V " shape groove (24) both sides angle of described axle sleeve (4a, 4b) can be 140 °.

13, by the tester of claim 1, its feature is that also it " V " shape groove (24) bottom land of described axle sleeve (4a, 4b) can be that radius is the smooth interior circular arc of R2.

Images