CN108931223B - Dynamic calibration system and calibration method for blade tip clearance measurement sensor - Google Patents
Dynamic calibration system and calibration method for blade tip clearance measurement sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN108931223B CN108931223B CN201810741630.2A CN201810741630A CN108931223B CN 108931223 B CN108931223 B CN 108931223B CN 201810741630 A CN201810741630 A CN 201810741630A CN 108931223 B CN108931223 B CN 108931223B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/16—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring distance of clearance between spaced objects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic calibration system and a calibration method for a blade tip clearance measurement sensor, wherein the calibration system comprises: the calibration disc power device comprises a frequency converter, a high-rotation-speed motor and a calibration disc, wherein the calibration disc is arranged on an output shaft of the high-rotation-speed motor, the high-rotation-speed motor provides power for the rotation of the calibration disc, and the frequency converter controls the working rotation speed of the high-rotation-speed motor; the static clearance setting device comprises a sensor mounting mechanism and a first movable displacement mechanism, wherein the sensor mounting mechanism is used for mounting the blade tip clearance measuring sensor, and the first movable displacement mechanism is used for moving the sensor mounting mechanism in the clearance measuring direction and changing the distance between the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc; the dynamic clearance compensation device comprises a first optical probe which is arranged on the same side with the blade tip clearance measuring sensor, and is used for measuring the variation of the distance between the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc in the rotating state. The invention has simple structure, perfect function and high dynamic calibration precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a dynamic calibration system and a dynamic calibration method for a blade tip clearance measurement sensor.
Background
The blade tip clearance is one of important parameters influencing the performance of an aircraft engine, and the control of the radial clearance between the blade tip and the casing of the rotor can reduce the loss caused by leakage of a working medium and improve the aerodynamic stability of the operation of the engine. According to statistics, the efficiency is reduced by about 1.5% and the oil consumption is increased by about 3% when the blade tip clearance is increased by 1% of the blade length. However, too small a blade tip clearance will result in friction between the blade and the casing, reducing the life of the engine, and even affecting flight safety. Therefore, how to design and control the clearance to be the most suitable is very important for improving the performance of the engine and ensuring the flight safety.
The measurement object of the blade tip clearance measurement sensor works in a high rotating speed environment, the measurement result of the sensor is influenced by parameters such as the shape, the size, the area and the like of the blade tip of the measured blade, and the dynamic characteristic of the clearance measurement result is also influenced to a certain extent when the blade passes through the measurement surface of the sensor at different rotating speeds, so that the accurate clearance measurement result is obtained and the blade tip clearance measurement sensor needs to be calibrated by special equipment before being used.
At present, the research on the calibration technology of the blade tip clearance measuring sensor in China is just started, and each research unit only builds a preliminary calibration system aiming at the respective used blade tip clearance measuring sensor, most of the calibration systems are static calibration, and the small part is the calibration of the blade tip clearance measuring sensor in the rotating state of the rotor, but the size of the standard clearance in the dynamic working state of the sensor in the device of the blade tip clearance measuring sensor is still obtained by directly measuring the distance between the blade and the sensor through a displacement mechanism or a micrometer when the blade is static. When the blades start to rotate, especially at high rotation speed, the blades have problems of vibration, eccentricity and the like, and the standard clearance distance given statically changes. Therefore, in the dynamic calibration, if the gap value given under the static condition is still used as the standard, the error introduced by the dynamic calibration itself may exceed the test accuracy requirement of the sensor itself, so the standard gap size under the dynamic condition must be calibrated in the dynamic calibration research of the gap measurement sensor.
In general, no relevant research on a dynamic calibration technology of the blade tip clearance measurement sensor is developed at home, and the built calibration system of the blade tip clearance measurement sensor in the rotating state does not compensate the variation of the standard clearance under the high rotating speed condition, so that the accuracy of the calibration result is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic calibration system and a dynamic calibration method for a tip clearance measuring sensor, which can dynamically calibrate the tip clearance measuring sensor in a high-rotating-speed environment.
One aspect of the present invention provides a dynamic calibration system for a tip clearance measurement sensor, comprising: the device comprises a calibration disc power device, a static clearance setting device and a dynamic clearance compensation device, wherein the calibration disc power device comprises a frequency converter, a high-rotating-speed motor and a calibration disc, the calibration disc is installed on an output shaft of the high-rotating-speed motor, the high-rotating-speed motor provides power for the rotation of the calibration disc, and the frequency converter controls the working rotating speed of the high-rotating-speed motor; the static clearance setting device comprises a sensor mounting mechanism and a first moving displacement mechanism, wherein the sensor mounting mechanism is used for mounting the blade tip clearance measuring sensor, and the first moving displacement mechanism is used for moving the sensor mounting mechanism in a clearance measuring direction so as to change the distance between the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc; the dynamic clearance compensation device comprises a first optical probe, wherein the first optical probe is arranged on one side which is the same as the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and is used for measuring the variation of the distance between the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc in the rotating state.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a calibration method for the dynamic calibration system of the tip clearance measurement sensor, including: adjusting the first moving displacement mechanism to generate an initial clearance d between the tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc1(ii) a Rotating the calibration disc at a speed Vby the high-speed motor, and measuring the variation deltaz of the distance between the tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc by the first optical probe; calculating an amplitude sensitivity S (V) as a calibration result according to the following formula, wherein d (V) is a measurement value of the tip clearance measurement sensor, d0(V) is the standard tip clearance value:
at each speed of rotation V, the initial clearance d is varied by adjusting the first displacement mechanism1To obtain a corresponding amplitude sensitivity result; and setting corresponding frequency through the frequency converter, changing the rotating speed of the high-rotating-speed motor, and obtaining an amplitude sensitivity calibration curve at different rotating speeds V.
The dynamic calibration system and the calibration method for the blade tip clearance measurement sensor in the aspects of the invention realize the dynamic calibration of the blade tip clearance measurement sensor, and on the basis of the standard value of the traditional static clearance, the dynamic clearance compensation device is adopted to measure the change quantity of the standard clearance value of the system under the high-rotating-speed operation, and the change of the standard clearance value caused by the high-rotating-speed rotation factor is effectively compensated through the value, so that the dynamic calibration system and the calibration method have the beneficial effects of simple structure, complete functions, high dynamic calibration precision and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall composition of a dynamic calibration system for a tip clearance measurement sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a calibration disk power unit in the dynamic calibration system for a tip clearance measurement sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the static clearance setting device and the dynamic clearance compensation device in the dynamic calibration system for a tip clearance measurement sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1-motor marble mounting base, 2-optical platform, 3-first displacement table step control motor, 4-first displacement table, 5-high rotation speed motor fixing base, 6-frequency conversion controller, 7-high rotation speed motor, 8-sensor mounting base, 9-sensor pre-tightening base, 10-protective cover, 11-second optical probe, 12-triangle fixing support, 13-third displacement table, 14-third displacement table step control motor, 15-calibration disc, 16-second displacement table step control motor, 17-second displacement table, 18-first optical probe, 19-shaft sleeve, 20-shaft end gland and 21-shaft end protective cover.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a dynamic calibration system for a tip clearance measurement sensor, comprising: the device comprises a calibration disc power device, a static clearance setting device and a dynamic clearance compensation device, wherein the calibration disc power device comprises a frequency converter, a high-rotating-speed motor and a calibration disc, the calibration disc is installed on an output shaft of the high-rotating-speed motor, the high-rotating-speed motor provides power for the rotation of the calibration disc, and the frequency converter controls the working rotating speed of the high-rotating-speed motor; the static clearance setting device comprises a sensor mounting mechanism and a first moving displacement mechanism, wherein the sensor mounting mechanism is used for mounting the blade tip clearance measuring sensor, and the first moving displacement mechanism is used for moving the sensor mounting mechanism in a clearance measuring direction so as to change the distance between the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc; the dynamic clearance compensation device comprises a first optical probe, wherein the first optical probe is arranged on one side which is the same as the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and is used for measuring the variation of the distance between the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc in the rotating state.
The high-speed motor is adopted to simulate the actual high-speed environment of the engine, so that the calibration process of the blade tip clearance measuring sensor is similar to the actual rotating working condition of the engine; simulating an engine rotor by using a calibration disc, simulating the casing wall by using a sensor mounting mechanism, measuring the distance between a sensor and a blade corresponding to the calibration disc by using a blade tip clearance, and simulating the radial clearance between the blade tip of the rotor and the casing; the dynamic clearance compensation device is used for compensating the standard clearance change value under the dynamic condition, so that the accurate calibration of the blade tip clearance measurement sensor under the dynamic condition is realized. The dynamic calibration curve of the sensor is obtained by comparing the blade tip clearance measured at the high rotating speed of the sensor with the synthesized standard clearance value given by the static clearance setting device and the dynamic clearance compensation device, and the dynamic calibration of the blade tip clearance measurement sensor at the high rotating speed is realized.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a dynamic calibration system for a tip clearance measurement sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The dynamic calibration system of the tip clearance measuring sensor of the embodiment comprises a calibration disc power device, a static clearance setting device and a dynamic clearance compensation device.
Power device for calibration disc
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a calibration disk power unit in the dynamic calibration system for a tip clearance measurement sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the calibration disc power device comprises a frequency converter 6, a high-speed motor 7 and a calibration disc 15, wherein the calibration disc 15 is mounted on an output shaft of the high-speed motor 7, the high-speed motor 7 provides power for rotation of the calibration disc 15, and the frequency converter 6 controls the working speed of the high-speed motor 7.
The frequency converter 6 sets the frequency to keep the working rotating speed of the high rotating speed motor 7 at a certain constant rotating speed required by calibration, and the rotating speed of the high rotating speed motor 7 is changed by setting different frequencies. The calibration disk 15 is directly mounted on a main shaft (output shaft) of the high-speed motor 7 through a mounting mechanism, and the calibration disk 15 is directly driven to stably and synchronously rotate through the rotation of the main shaft. The highest rotating speed of the high-rotating-speed motor 7 can reach more than tens of thousands of revolutions per minute, and the calibration requirements of the blade tip clearance measuring sensor in different rotating speed ranges can be met. The selection of the high-speed motor 7 is determined by the speed requirement which needs to be achieved in actual calibration, and in order to ensure the accuracy of the calibration result, the design of the blades in the calibration disc 15 needs to be consistent with the shape and the size of the actual engine blade to be measured.
The calibration disk power unit may additionally comprise a shaft sleeve 19, a shaft end cover 20, a shaft end protective cover 21, a protective cover 10, a triangle fixing support 12 and the like.
The calibrated tip clearance measuring sensor is tightly installed on a sensor installation seat 8 (a simulation casing wall) through a sensor pre-tightening seat 9, the sensor installation seat 8 is connected with a first displacement table 4 (a first displacement mechanism), the first displacement table 4 moves along with a first displacement table stepping control motor 3 (a first further control motor), and the tip clearance measuring sensor is opposite to the tip position of the measured blade of the calibration disc 15 through adjusting the first displacement table 4.
The calibration disk 15 is directly connected with the output shaft of the high-speed motor 7, and different sizes of shaft sleeves 19 are designed to match the calibration disk 15 with different mounting holes. The shaft sleeve 19 is sleeved on an output shaft of the high-speed motor 7, the calibration disc 15 is positioned through the shaft sleeve 19 and the shaft end gland 20, and the calibration disc 15 is ensured not to generate axial movement under the combined action of the shaft sleeve 19 and the shaft end gland 20. The protective cover 10 is fixed by two triangular fixing supports 12 and plays a role of safety protection when the calibration disc 15 rotates at a high rotating speed. The protective cover 10, the shaft end protective cover 21 and the triangular fixing support 12 jointly form a protective part of the calibration disc for protecting the safety of the test.
In the assembling process, the shaft sleeve 19 is firstly sleeved on the output shaft of the high-speed motor 7, then the calibration disc 15 is installed, the calibration disc 15 is positioned through a flat key on the shaft sleeve 19, and the shaft end gland 20 is fastened on the output shaft of the high-speed motor 7 through a pre-tightening bolt.
Static clearance setting device
FIG. 3 is a side view of the static clearance setting device and the dynamic clearance compensation device in the dynamic calibration system for the tip clearance measurement sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the static clearance setting device includes a sensor mount 8 (sensor mounting mechanism) and a first displacement stage 4 (first displacement mechanism), the sensor mount 8 being used to mount the tip clearance measuring sensor, the first displacement stage 4 being used to move the sensor mount 8 in the clearance measuring direction, thereby changing the distance between the tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disk 15.
The main function of the static clearance setting device is to provide a standard clearance for the calibration system of the tip clearance measurement sensor under a static condition, and before the calibration disc 15 rotates, the standard clearance between the tip clearance measurement sensor to be calibrated under the static condition and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc 15 is given, and meanwhile, the static standard value is also an initial value of the standard clearance in the dynamic calibration process of the sensor.
The first displacement table 4 of the static clearance setting device can be composed of a coarse-fine combination displacement mechanism which is vertical to each other in three directions in space, the precision requirement of the displacement mechanism is high enough in the static standard clearance measuring direction, and the mechanism is required to be calibrated regularly to meet the precision requirement of clearance calibration.
The static gap setting device may further include a first stage stepping control motor 3 (first step control motor), a sensor pre-tightening seat 9, and the like, which are shown in fig. 3 in a side view. The blade tip clearance measuring sensor is fixed on the sensor mounting seat 8 through the sensor pre-tightening seat 9, the retraction value of the blade tip clearance measuring sensor in the sensor mounting seat 8 is adjusted through gaskets with different thicknesses, and the installation state of the blade tip clearance measuring sensor in the actual test process is simulated. The sensor mount 8 is mounted on the first displacement table 4, and the first displacement table 4 changes the tip clearance static standard value between the tip clearance measuring sensor and the measured blade of the calibration disk 15 by moving the sensor mount 8 in the standard clearance direction. The first displacement table 4 can also adjust the displacement in other two directions perpendicular to the gap measurement direction, so that the fine adjustment of the dead-center position of the blade tip gap measurement sensor and the blade of the calibration disc 15 is realized, and the precision of the fine adjustment generally needs to meet the precision requirement of the adjustment of the dead-center position of the sensor and the blade, so that the actual calibration process is as consistent as possible with the test process, and the reliability of the calibration result is ensured. The sensor mounting seat 8 and the first displacement table 4 are both mounted on the first displacement table stepping control motor 3, and after the blade dead against position adjustment is completed, the first displacement table stepping control motor 3 can control the movement of the first displacement table 4 to set a static standard value.
Dynamic clearance compensation device
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the dynamic clearance compensation apparatus includes a first optical probe 18, and the first optical probe 18 is installed at the same side as the tip clearance measuring sensor for measuring the variation amount of the distance between the tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disk 15.
The key of the dynamic calibration system is that the system can accurately control the standard clearance distance between the measured blade and the measuring probe in a rotating state, so that the determination of the standard blade tip clearance value in a dynamic state is the key for accurately realizing calibration. The static clearance setting device can provide a standard clearance value under a static condition as an initial value of a standard clearance of the dynamic system, and because the calibration system works under the condition of high rotating speed, in order to compensate the influence of factors such as axial deviation, vibration and the like of the high rotating speed rotating mechanism on the standard clearance value, the dynamic clearance compensation device arranged on the same side of the calibrated tip clearance measurement sensor synchronously compensates the clearance change value in the calibration process of the sensor, so that the tip clearance measurement sensor under the dynamic environment is accurately calibrated.
The dynamic clearance compensation device can be realized by a rotor parameter optical measurement system, and the system can be composed of an optical probe, a transmission optical fiber, a light source, a photoelectric detector, a data acquisition system, computer data analysis software and the like. The light output by the light source is transmitted to the optical probe by the conducting optical fiber, and is focused on a measuring point on the surface of the measured blade through beam splitting and conditioning of the optical system. The photoelectric detector receives the optical signal returned by the measured surface, converts the optical signal into a voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to the data acquisition system. And data analysis software is installed in a computer, and the radial position of the measuring point is directly obtained through photoelectric signal demodulation, so that the measurement of the standard gap variation under the dynamic condition is realized.
The rotor parameter optical measurement system can obtain the variation of the blade tip position relative to the calibrated sensor in the clearance measurement direction in the blade movement process, and the standard clearance value of the whole set of system under the dynamic state can be obtained by carrying out difference operation on the measurement value and the static standard clearance initial value.
The dynamic gap compensation device may include, in addition to the first optical probe 18, a second displacement stage 17 (second displacement mechanism), a second displacement stage stepping control motor 16 (second stepping control motor), and the basic mounting structure of each component is in accordance with the static gap setting device, and a side view thereof is shown in fig. 3. The first optical probe 18 is mounted on the second displacement stage 17 and then together with it on the second displacement stage stepper control motor 16. And adjusting the second displacement table 17 to enable the optical signal emitted by the first optical probe 18 and the central measurement position of the tip clearance measurement sensor to correspond to the same blade to be measured and be on the same measurement plane. In the calibration process, the first optical probe 18 measures the variation of the distance between the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc 15 in the rotating state, the measured value is used as the compensation quantity of the standard clearance, and the standard blade tip clearance under the dynamic condition is calculated.
In addition to the calibration disk power device, the static clearance setting device and the dynamic clearance compensation device, since the rotor has different dynamic characteristics at different measurement positions when rotating at a high rotation speed, in order to ensure the stability and reliability of the whole calibration system in operation at a high rotation speed, the dynamic calibration system for the tip clearance measurement sensor of the present embodiment may further include a motion parameter monitoring device, the motion parameter monitoring device is located at the opposite side of the installation surface of the tip clearance measurement sensor to be calibrated, and includes a second optical probe 11, the second optical probe 11 is installed at the side opposite to the tip clearance measurement sensor, and is used for monitoring the changes of dynamic parameters such as vibration, eccentricity and the like of the calibration disk 15 in a rotation state, and ensuring the stable operation of the device.
The first optical probe 18 is installed in the same direction of the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and measures the same measured blade with the blade tip clearance measuring sensor, and the second optical probe 11 on the opposite side is installed in the opposite direction of the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and is used for monitoring the motion parameters of the rotor blade, so that the reliable operation of the system is guaranteed.
The synchronous measurement and monitoring of the rotor motion parameters are carried out by adopting a set of rotor parameter optical measurement system on the opposite side of the installation surface of the corrected blade tip clearance measurement sensor, so that on one hand, the measurement result of the device can be compared and analyzed with the measurement result of the dynamic clearance compensation device, and the reliability of the calibration data is further ensured; on the other hand, the monitoring of the motion characteristic of the rotor in the device under the high-rotation-speed rotation state can be realized, and the safe operation of the device is ensured.
The motion parameter monitoring device may further include, in addition to the second optical probe 11, a third displacement stage 13 (third displacement mechanism) for adjusting the position of the second optical probe 11 and a third displacement stage step control motor 14 (third step control motor) for controlling the movement of the third displacement stage 13.
In addition, the dynamic calibration system for the blade tip clearance measuring sensor in the embodiment may further include a motor marble mounting base 1, an optical platform 2, a high-rotation-speed motor fixing base 5, and other parts for fixing, the high-rotation-speed motor 7 is fixed on the motor fixing base 5 through four anchor bolts, the motor fixing base 5 is fixed on the motor marble mounting base 1, and the optical platform 2 is used for fixing the static clearance setting device, the dynamic clearance compensating device, and the motion parameter monitoring device.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a calibration method of the dynamic calibration system for a tip clearance measurement sensor, including: adjusting the first displacement mechanism to generate an initial gap d between the tip clearance measuring sensor and the calibration disc1(ii) a Rotating the calibration disc at a speed Vby the high-speed motor, and measuring a variation Δ z of a distance between the tip clearance measurement sensor and the calibration disc by the first optical probe; calculating an amplitude sensitivity S (V) as a calibration result according to the following formula, wherein d (V) is a measurement value of the tip clearance measurement sensor, d0(V) is the standard tip clearance value:
at each speed of rotation V, the initial clearance d is varied by adjusting the first displacement mechanism1To obtain a corresponding amplitude sensitivity result; and setting corresponding frequency through the frequency converter, changing the rotating speed of the high-rotating-speed motor, and obtaining an amplitude sensitivity calibration curve at different rotating speeds V.
The dynamic calibration method of the tip clearance measurement sensor in the embodiment is used for calculating the standard clearance value under the dynamic condition of the tip clearance measurement sensor. The dynamic standard clearance is given by a static clearance setting device and a dynamic clearance compensation device. Before calibration, aiming at the size of the corrected blade tip clearance, firstly, a static clearance setting device gives an initial standard value of the blade tip clearance; when the calibration disc rotates at a constant rotation speed required for calibration, the unbalance factors such as eccentricity and vibration of the rotating disc can cause the change of the standard clearance value under the dynamic condition, and the change is measured by a rotor parameter optical measuring system of the dynamic clearance compensation device. The measurement accuracy of the system can reach submicron level, the magnitude can be directly traced to length and time reference, and the variation of the standard value caused by the factors such as high-speed rotation of the rotor can be effectively compensated. And finally, taking the difference value of the static standard clearance given by the static clearance setting device and the dynamic standard clearance variation given by the dynamic clearance compensation device as the standard clearance value of the tip clearance measurement sensor calibration system in the dynamic environment.
The dynamic calibration method of the blade tip clearance measurement sensor comprises the following implementation processes: firstly, a first displacement table stepping control motor 3 and a first displacement table 4 are moved, so that a blade tip clearance measuring sensor is in contact with the blade tip of a blade of a calibration disc, and the zero position of the sensor is determined. Then, the first displacement table stepping control motor 3 is adjusted to generate a d between the calibrated sensor and the blade tip1The clearance, which is necessarily changed when the calibration disc is rotated, is measured by the first optical probe 18 of the dynamic clearance compensation device by the distance change Δ z when the tip clearance introduced by the rotation is relatively static, and this change is used for the calibration clearance correction of the sensor in the rotating state. Therefore, when the rotating speed is V, the standard tip clearance value d input by the system is calibrated0(V) is:
d0(V)＝d1-Δz(V)
if the measured value of the calibrated tip clearance measuring sensor is d (V), the amplitude sensitivity S (V) is used as the calibration result.
At each fixed rotation speed, the corresponding amplitude sensitivity result is obtained by changing the input value in the measuring range, so that the amplitude sensitivity calibration curve at different rotation speeds is obtained.
Taking the calibration of the microwave tip clearance measurement sensor as an example, the dynamic calibration process of the tip clearance measurement sensor dynamic calibration system adopting the embodiment is as follows:
1. preparation and setup before calibration
1) Cables, connectors, control system power supply connecting wires and the like related to the dynamic calibration system of the blade tip clearance measuring sensor are accurately connected according to the connection requirements, and normal work of all equipment is guaranteed;
2) fixing the microwave blade tip clearance measuring sensor on the sensor mounting seat 8, and adjusting the retraction value of the microwave blade tip clearance measuring sensor in the wall of the simulation casing through gaskets with different thicknesses; finely adjusting the first displacement table 4 to drive the sensor mounting seat 8 to move, so that the probe of the microwave blade tip clearance measuring sensor is over against the blade tip position of the blade to be measured, and the initialization of the static clearance setting device is completed;
3) adjusting a second displacement table stepping control motor 16 in the dynamic clearance compensation device to enable a first optical probe 18 to reach a proper measurement position, and ensuring that the energy of an optical signal is effective; and adjusting the second displacement table 17 to enable the optical signal emitted by the first optical probe 18 and the central position of the probe of the microwave blade tip clearance measuring sensor to be on the same blade to be measured, so as to complete the initialization of the dynamic clearance compensation device. The initialization of the second optical probe 11 for monitoring in the opposite direction is completed in the same manner;
4) and adjusting other instruments and equipment required by the test to be in a specified working state.
2. Sensor calibration, recording data
1) The motor 3 is controlled to move by a first displacement table step in the static clearance setting device, the first displacement table 4 and the sensor mounting seat 8 are driven to move horizontally, the microwave blade tip clearance measuring sensor is in slight contact with the blade tip, and the position is recorded as zero displacement.
2) And controlling the static clearance setting device to move to an initial value position, such as 0.1mm, at which the distance between the microwave blade tip clearance measuring sensor and the blade tip is the beginning of calibration.
3) Starting the high-rotation-speed motor 7, setting corresponding frequency through the frequency converter 6, enabling the high-rotation-speed motor 7 to drive the calibration disc 15 to be stabilized at a rotation speed required by calibration, recording dynamic test data of the microwave blade tip clearance measurement sensor at the position of the calibration point, and synchronously recording data obtained by measurement of the two optical probes.
4) Controlling the moving displacement value of the static clearance setting device at intervals of 0.5mm until the farthest end of the measuring range of the sensor, such as the position of a 6mm calibration position, and sequentially recording dynamic test data of the microwave blade tip clearance measuring sensor at different calibration positions; and synchronously recording the data measured by the optical probe.
5) Extracting measured clearance values of a certain fixed blade at different clearance positions, and carrying out difference operation on the static standard blade tip clearance value and a deviation value calculated by data analysis software of the dynamic clearance compensation device to obtain a standard clearance value; and comparing the dynamic test results of the microwave blade tip clearance measuring sensors at different calibration positions with the standard clearance value to obtain a dynamic calibration curve of the sensor under the rotating speed condition.
6) And adjusting the stepping motor to drive the microwave blade tip gap measuring sensor to return to the initial calibration position again, changing the rotating speed of the high-rotating-speed motor 7, and repeating the steps 3) to 5) to obtain the dynamic calibration curve of the microwave blade tip gap measuring sensor at different rotating speeds.
The dynamic calibration system and the calibration method of the tip clearance measuring sensor fully consider the influence of the rotation process of the tip clearance measuring sensor on the standard value in the actual test process, measure the variable quantity of the tip clearance measuring sensor through the dynamic clearance compensation device, further supplement and perfect the research of the dynamic calibration technology of the existing tip clearance measuring sensor, and really solve the problem of the dynamic calibration of the tip clearance measuring sensor compared with the existing clearance measuring sensor calibration system.
In addition, the dynamic calibration of the blade tip clearance measurement sensor is realized by an optical measurement method, but according to the actual clearance measurement sensor calibration process, other dynamic measurement methods based on different mechanisms, such as a capacitance measurement method and the like, can be adopted to measure, compensate and correct the standard clearance variation under the dynamic condition.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for dynamic calibration of a tip clearance measurement sensor, comprising: a calibration disc power device, a static clearance setting device and a dynamic clearance compensation device,
the calibration disc power device comprises a frequency converter, a high-rotation-speed motor and a calibration disc, the calibration disc is installed on an output shaft of the high-rotation-speed motor, the high-rotation-speed motor provides power for rotation of the calibration disc, and the frequency converter controls the working rotation speed of the high-rotation-speed motor;
the static clearance setting device comprises a sensor mounting mechanism and a first moving displacement mechanism, wherein the sensor mounting mechanism is used for mounting the blade tip clearance measuring sensor, and the first moving displacement mechanism is used for moving the sensor mounting mechanism in a clearance measuring direction so as to change the distance between the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc;
the dynamic clearance compensation device comprises a first optical probe, wherein the first optical probe is arranged on one side which is the same as the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and is used for measuring the variation of the distance between the blade tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc in the rotating state.
2. The system for dynamic calibration of a tip clearance measurement sensor according to claim 1, wherein said static clearance setting device further comprises a sensor pre-load seat through which said tip clearance measurement sensor is mounted to said sensor mounting mechanism.
3. The system for dynamic calibration of a tip clearance measurement sensor according to claim 1, wherein the static clearance setting device further comprises a first further control motor for controlling movement of the first moving displacement mechanism.
4. The system for dynamic calibration of a tip clearance measurement sensor according to claim 1, wherein said first displacement mechanism is further adapted to displace said sensor mounting mechanism in two directions perpendicular to said clearance measurement direction, such that said tip clearance measurement sensor is aligned with a corresponding blade of said calibration disk.
5. The system for dynamic calibration of a tip clearance measurement sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dynamic clearance compensation apparatus further comprises a second displacement mechanism for adjusting the position of the first optical probe and a second step control motor for controlling the displacement of the second displacement mechanism.
6. The system for dynamic calibration of a tip clearance measurement sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a kinematic parameter monitoring device comprising a second optical probe mounted on a side opposite to the tip clearance measurement sensor for monitoring changes in a dynamic parameter of the calibration disk in a rotating state.
7. The system for dynamic calibration of a tip clearance measurement sensor according to claim 6, wherein said kinematic parameter monitoring device further comprises a third moving displacement mechanism for adjusting the position of said second optical probe and a third stepper control motor for controlling the movement of said third moving displacement mechanism.
8. The system for dynamic calibration of a tip clearance measurement sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the calibration disk power plant further comprises a bushing and a shaft end gland, and the calibration disk is fastened to the output shaft of the high speed motor through the bushing and the shaft end gland.
9. The system for dynamic calibration of a tip clearance measurement sensor according to claim 8, wherein said calibration disk power unit further comprises a protective cover secured by two triangular brackets for safety protection during high rotational speed rotation of said calibration disk.
10. A calibration method for the dynamic calibration system of the tip clearance measurement sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
adjusting the first moving displacement mechanism to generate an initial clearance d between the tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc1；
Rotating the calibration disc at a speed Vby the high-speed motor, and measuring the variation deltaz of the distance between the tip clearance measuring sensor and the corresponding blade of the calibration disc by the first optical probe;
calculating an amplitude sensitivity S (V) as a calibration result according to the following formula, wherein d (V) is a measurement value of the tip clearance measurement sensor, d0(V) is the standard tip clearance value:
at each speed of rotation V, the initial clearance d is varied by adjusting the first displacement mechanism1To obtain a corresponding amplitude sensitivity result;
and setting corresponding frequency through the frequency converter, changing the rotating speed of the high-rotating-speed motor, and obtaining an amplitude sensitivity calibration curve at different rotating speeds V.
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| CN109238125B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2020-08-11 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Blade displacement calibration control method and control system |
| CN111981995B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-29 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | High-precision rapid measuring device and method for engine blade tip clearance |
| CN113075078B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2024-01-26 | 河南省计量测试科学研究院 | Blade sharpness tester calibrating device |
| CN115435734B (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2024-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | Calibrating device and method of blade tip timing measurement system |
| CN113865519A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-31 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Concentricity assembly quality detection device and method |
| CN114509992A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-17 | 前微科技(上海)有限公司 | Method for compensating the distance between a handling device and two workpieces in relative movement |
| CN115235404B (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-06 | 中国航发燃气轮机有限公司 | Rotor and stator clearance correction method for heavy gas turbine |
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