CN86104045A - The method and apparatus of farming alkaline earth - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of method of farming alkaline earth, comprise that mid portion when soil layer is thus lifted to the B layer when above, the soil of improvement mixes with alkaline earth layer B, and the left space of the portion C that is transferred among the half alkaline earth layer C is by being toppled over space filling among the half alkaline earth layer C into by the part b that loosens among the alkaline earth layer B.A device has a frame, and the frame upper support clay-carrying spade, and clay-carrying spade turns to respect to by the soil layer of farming, and becomes 5～10 ° with the vertical plane of hanging down of device, and the back is made opening type and become 75～83 ° with horizontal plane.The side shovel is contained on the clay-carrying spade, and it is conical that its front end is.Ploughshare has the surface of developable surface, and installs between clay-carrying spade.

Description

The method and apparatus of farming alkaline earth

This invention is relevant with agricultural, is a kind of method and apparatus of farming alkaline earth.

Method and apparatus of the present invention can be used as a kind of desirable basic tillage method and in the alkaline earth of middle level and deep layer, carries out the mode of improvement property deep ploughing.Effective especially for the farming of not turning over tomography, simultaneously half alkaline earth layer (carbonate) is mixed mutually with the alkaline earth layer, and make and leave plant stubble and still be retained in the top of soil layer, to prevent the erosion of wind at non-alkaline earth layer (humus).

As everyone knows, adopt the general methods of cultivation to carry out the alkaline earth deep ploughing, also high to the poor effect and the cost of soil melioration.In many methods that adopted, all be that the soil with lower floor waters down non-alkaline earth layer, perhaps that the humus layer of accumulation is buried fully to bottom of trench, only this mode just on sizable degree alkali lacked the production capacity of arable soil.

The device that tillage method adopts before being to carry out exposes the tractive resistance height when work, productivity ratio incompatibility, and problem such as poor reliability.

The method of the farming alkaline earth of in the past being understood and the implementation device that this method adopted comprise the alkaline earth layer that loose quilt is ploughed, and layer ploughing or vegetation turn over the farming of upturned soil pears and grind the slaking raw soil layer, and the like.

Yet experience in the past shows, carries out above-described operational method with equipment, and for example, loose machine loosens the soil by all means, mainly is the processing large clod, and the border of the alkaline earth layer that is loosened and the border of carbonate still are retained in (on the degree of depth) on the original level.Use the layer ploughing tractor-ploughing to do, on whole soil layer, further loosen, and can exchange the position of alkaline earth and half alkaline earth.But they are mixed.Take turns to vegetation and turn over the work of upturned soil pears, it can mix three layers of immature soil of alkaline earth fully, but carries out this farming with existing equipment, can cause the consequence that weakens the humus layer fertility with the alkaline earth of lower floor.A series of equipment that adopt can bury ground to valuable fertile soil layer and go down.

Know altogether in the behaviour of parallel techniques field, many loosing soil devices have higher technical standard, for example respectively by Soviet Union inventor certificate NO.105924, Int, cl, Aol, B13/08, NO.952117, scalpriform plough that Int, clAolB13/10 announce and the loose machine of alkaline earth, VIBROLAZ-80 type machine is widely used for Hungary, and scalpriform plough and thin native machine are widely used in Canada, or the like.

With three layers of soil of the loose alkaline earth of above-mentioned device, and cause the effect of improving the soil.Because what this method adopted is the sort of device, thus soil layer is moved both vertically, and cause the effect that carbonate and alkaline earth and non-alkaline earth layer mix.

At the Soviet Union and external useful existing plough, for example Deutsches Reichs-Patent NO.486453 and Canadian 45a, 15/08, alkaline earth is carried out layer ploughing.Except plow layer is loosened, also guaranteed the mutual displacement of alkaline earth layer and half alkaline earth layer in plow layer, but they are fully mixed, therefore when the deep ploughing alkaline earth, adopt the technology of this farming alkaline earth can not reach the effect of improving the soil in high quality.

Vegetation discussed above turned over turn up soil and the characteristics of layer ploughing mode and effect are done a bit additionally, this method is used in the regional poor effect of the erosion that is easy to be subjected to wind.Because by topped, and the soil of lower floor is difficult to opposing geology and meteorological condition to topsoil (humus) together with the stubble of plant.

The farming of vegetation being turned over upturned soil that is widely adopted can guarantee to shift whole alkaline earth soil blocks, and cause and imbed valuable especially fertile soil layer underground.The result who adopts twice expedient of tillage to obtain to improve the soil preferably with such plough.But add with the sort of plough higher tractive resistance is arranged, twice expedient of tillage will cause very big consumption.Consider to adopt and turn over the upturned soil ploughing and do to keep soil surface, therefore reduced the production capacity of the soil that has vegetation.This method cost is very high, and efficient is low.Vegetation turns over the soil block and the low bank of earth between fields that upturned soil farming meeting increases operation alkali ground in addition, therefore also needs the surcharge that is used to level land.

In the present technique field, know altogether, adopt vegetation to turn over the upturned soil ploughing in Canada and make alkaline earth for the people.On plough passive workpiece is housed, is used for deep ploughing, this workpiece mixes three layers of immature soil with uniform ratio.Except that last mentioned vegetation turned over the weakness of the plough of turning up soil, this Canada had also increased the soil block of plow layer significantly when ploughing operation.

Newly-designed machine with active workpiece is in development period now.This machine complexity, reliability is low during owing to operation, and reliability is lower during especially for deep ploughing, so can't use widely.

So a kind of method of farming is arranged, comprise loose by the alkaline earth piece of farming, mix raw soil layer simultaneously, and non-alkaline soil layer is remained on the surface in soil of farming, this methods of cultivation are more advanced, and economical, carry out this methods of cultivation with passive workpiece, can be more effective when operation with higher reliability is arranged.

The objective of the invention is to give up above-mentioned disadvantageous aspect.

The main purpose of this invention at present is the method that a kind of farming alkaline earth will be provided.In farming, make soil obtain self improvement, make fertile non-alkaline earth layer after farming, still be retained in the appearance of soil.This invention provides a device carrying out this methods of cultivation, and its structure should be able to guarantee fully to mix raw soil layer, so that improve the fertility of alkaline earth.

Method with a kind of farming alkaline earth reaches this purpose.This method comprises that turning over the plough of turning up soil with nothing cuts off soil layer below, in whole soil depth the methods of cultivation of chesson and soil in have the improvement quality soil transfer to the alkaline earth layer, according to the present invention, when the soil layer mid portion is thus lifted to the alkaline earth layer, soil with improvement quality is mixed with the alkaline earth layer, and on the space filling that the part that migrates out in the half alkaline earth layer is reserved, fill up all soil in this space and be from the alkaline earth layer by loose part.This part alkaline earth topples over, and has occupied that part of space in the half alkaline earth layer.

Specializing of this method guaranteed to have the condition of a nature-mechanical property uniformity, and made soil that excellent air permeability be arranged, and penetrability arranged preferably and can store moisture preferably, finally improves the fertility of alkaline earth.

This purpose also will rely on a device to finish.This device has a frame, and rack support clay-carrying spade, and a ploughshare has been installed between clay-carrying spade, and digger blade is arranged on the ploughshare, and clay-carrying spade has recurved side shovel.According to the present invention, ploughshare is made the curved surface that can open up, and the front end of side shovel is conical, clay-carrying spade turns to towards the soil layer of being ploughed, contain one 5-10 ° angle with the vertical vertical plane of this device, and clay-carrying spade opens upwards, its top and horizontal plane contain the angle of β=75～85 °.

This structure of this device when making alkaline earth by farming, might improve the hack degree, and helps to improve the effect of improving the soil, and this is because the soil of raw soil layer all has mobile on vertical and horizontal direction.

Digger blade has selected to be hinged on the mode on the ploughshare, and the mechanism that a vertical direction is regulated is set.

The mode of this connection allows the free-ended horizontal level of digger blade according to circumstances to dispose, and it is determining the height that half alkaline earth (carbonate) layer is raised.Will be during adjusting according to the content of conditioned soil in the half alkaline earth layer, the decision of factors such as alkaline earth layer and half alkali the thickness of the layer and farming pace.

The shovel of each side is preferably made adjustable form, with the length of adjustable wing plate adjustment shovel.

That part of soil that these length-adjustable sides shovels can shift away digger blade from half alkaline earth layer and fill out with soil in the space that stays.The length of adjusting the side shovel will be foundation with the translational speed of plough, and adjusts the side shovel and can adjust the direction that shifts soil, in order to improve the degree of being mixed by the immature soil of the alkaline earth layer of farming.

A series of teeth are preferably arranged on the ploughshare, tooth is fixed on the periphery of ploughshare.

A series of teeth are installed on the ploughshare, can be guaranteed that ploughshare cuts off intensive alkaline earth layer and cut off, and guarantees the ability that ploughshare is broken soil block into pieces and autotomyed.

The grubber of ploughshare is preferably made wedge shape, and towards facility, digger blade is made of two symmetrical planes in its convex surface, these normals to a surface, and some inclination is tilted to tail end from front end a little, and direction is towards clay-carrying spade.

The shape of the digger blade of this device can enlarge applicable scope, and it is not only applicable to the situation of farming alkaline earth on cultivated land, also is suitable for farming alkaline earth under the water content condition with higher, and can be owing to water content increases the situation that causes sticking digger blade.

The front end that is recommended in digger blade is installed a splitter, and plane, splitter place and this device symmetrical plane coincide.

When the alkaline earth of farming humidity, preferably use splitter, it can guarantee initial cut-out and the mid portion cleave in two of the soil layer that will excavate.Help like this soil block is fallen from digger blade.Begin to be raised, the alkaline earth piece of the humidity that falls has then been turned over individual size.

Recommendation is installed in guide vane at the top of the wing plate adjusted of side shovel.

The effect of guide vane is the formation that helps by agric ditch dug with a plow vertical section, helps the smooth of the face of land, is the operation of leveling land so that reduce purpose.

Recommend guide vane that a conical surface is arranged, the direction of advancing towards this device in its top, projection turn to by the rightabout of the soil layer of farming.

This surperficial form guaranteed to make the soil of side transfer in the middle of the time be subjected to uniform active force, and tractive resistance minimum.

The front edge of guide vane is preferably made cutting edge.

This design at guide vane edge helps the separation of soil flow, makes soil transfer to the central authorities of soil layer, makes grading.

This device preferably provides an auxiliary ploughshare, is installed on the clay-carrying spade, be configured in digger blade above.

This auxiliary ploughshare helps to reduce the tractive resistance of this device, simultaneously also for mixed base soil layer and half alkaline earth layer provide condition better.

Auxiliary ploughshare is preferably made the S shape.

The interaction energy that the surface of this shape changes guarantees loose preferably non-alkaline earth layer.

Mouldboard disposes symmetrically, and its symmetrical plane installs vertical symmetrical plane with this and overlaps.Mouldboard preferably is fixed on the lower surface of auxiliary ploughshare.

These mouldboards help alkaline earth to fall from digger blade.And guarantee that alkaline earth mixes preferably with half alkaline earth.

Every mouldboard is preferably made the curved surface that can open up.

The mouldboard of this shape active force to the alkaline earth that shifts on whole surface is a uniformity.

The lower limb of every mouldboard is preferably made cutting edge.

This is necessary for the alkaline earth that shifts from digger blade is separated.

The device of the methods of cultivation of this alkaline earth and this methods of cultivation effect of implementation has guaranteed not have the alkali soil improvement deep ploughing of turning over upturned soil, also comprises the alkaline earth of middle level and deep layer.It may be noted that, when loosening humus (non-alkaline earth) layer that leaves plant stubble in the above, still make non-alkaline earth layer on the surface of the soil layer of ploughing, utilize nature-mechanical property below non-alkaline earth layer, the measure of mixed carbonate (half alkaline earth) layer, alkaline earth layer and a part of humus.Everything has guaranteed to have removed salt from processed soil layer, and has caused air capacity of soils good, and penetrability is good, can store the soil of moisture content, and is in short final, has improved the fertility of alkaline earth.

It may be noted that employing according to method and apparatus of the present invention, than turning over the plough of turning up soil with vegetation similarly, the method for intermediate layer alkaline earth ground farming will improve 1.6 times of farming efficient, raising output 30-35%.

The manufacturing firm that common plough and vegetation turn over the plough of turning up soil also can make implementation the sort of device of the present invention.

According to a concrete enforcement of the present invention and a device of carrying out the inventive method, will here be illustrated by means of accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is not through ploughing the schematic diagram of the whole alkaline earth layer of processing.

Fig. 2 is the alkaline earth layer of ploughing.

Fig. 3 is the lateral plan according to a device farming alkaline earth of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is the front view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 has been with guide vane on the device of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the vertical view of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is with the digger blade and the splitter of wedge shape on the device of Fig. 3.

Fig. 9 is the vertical view of Fig. 8.

Figure 10 is with additional ploughshare and mouldboard on the device of Fig. 3.

A kind of method of farming alkaline earth, be included in following cut-out of whole alkaline earth layer and loose whole alkaline earth layer, with soil layer inside, approach in the half alkaline earth layer of alkaline earth layer in the degree of depth, soil with improvement quality, carbonate just, mix into alkaline earth layer, and the soil that digs from half alkaline earth layer partly (is reached 25%) be incorporated in the soil layer at top, the regolith that has the improvement quality in the half more fertile alkaline earth layer shifts out, on the level of alkaline earth layer and half alkaline earth layer, mix with the alkaline earth layer segment with it, as shown in Figure 1 several soil layers in the alkaline earth structure chart.

The non-alkaline soil of A-(humus)

The B-alkaline earth

C-half alkaline earth (carbonate)

Between B that is shown in of institute and the C:

Mid portion is respectively b+c;

Carbonate horizon lateral parts c;

Alkaline earth layer lateral parts b.

Arrow indication in the diagram is when the alkaline earth farming, the direction that the part in each layer shifts out.

Adopt this method, pass through following several stages: " lifting "-" displacement "-" toppling over ".The generation in " lifting " stage is owing to caused by loose soil layer B and mixed the mentioning of mid portion c+b of C.The generation in " displacement " stage is to fill and cause owing to the part c+b that is enhanced that the lateral parts c of carbonate horizon replaces soil layer B and C forms hollow space requirement, the generation of " toppling over " stage is to cause owing to the b among the alkaline earth layer B partly topples over the c part that replaces among the carbonate horizon C, and the non-alkaline soil layer A that is keeping the stubble of plant on the fertile surface rests on plow layer.Do according to above-mentioned method.The structure of original crude alkaline earth will become as shown in Figure 2, comprising: the top of soil layer: comprised soil that a part (reaching 25%) is come from the C layer in the soil of A+C-A layer; Under this: the part c+b of the mixing in the middle of B+C-B layer and the C layer, its topped one deck C+B in addition, this one deck come from replacing section c in the C layer and the side b of falling the part in the B layer.

Above-described farming processing be with one by Fig. 3,4 and device execution shown in Figure 5.Especially, Fig. 3 has expressed one of the present invention and has installed and expressed the alkaline earth layer at the forward and backward sectional schematic diagram of farming.This device is respectively by forming with the lower part:

For loose soil layer, with a U-shaped plough that is fixed on the symmetry on the frame 1 in the bottom, the U-shaped plough is installed in the middle ploughshare of two boards shape clay-carrying spade 4 and is formed by the clay-carrying spade 2 and 3 of two boards shape, on the periphery 6 of ploughshare, has fixed a series of teeth 5.

For the carbonate soil layer is mixed with the alkaline earth layer, the parts of a mixed soil have been adopted, a digger blade 7 that is hinged on the ploughshare is wherein arranged, a vertical mechanism 8 that adjusts is arranged on it, with guiding mechanism 8 the digger blade free end is determined on a desirable height, a side shovel 9,10 and side shovel 9 are respectively arranged in the both sides of digger blade 7,10 are fixed on the shovel 2,3.It is conical that the front end of the parts of mixed soil is, and makes parts adjustable in the longitudinal direction with adjustable wing plate 11,12.

The ploughshare 4 of plough bottom is a pair of plough that is relative.Each plough all has the curved surface of opening up of a symmetry, and toric surface connects mutually along a common bus, and the angle with the cut-out of bottom of trench formation at the bottom of the kerf time is 15-20 °.

Clay-carrying spade 2 and 3 turns to the direction relative with the soil layer of ploughing, and with respect to the vertical vertical plane of device one 5～10 ° angle is arranged, and the angle of β=75～83 ° is with respect to the horizontal plane arranged at the top.

Clay-carrying spade connects with ploughshare along the horizontal bus of the developable surface of ploughshare, smoothly connects with the parts that guarantee the plough end.

For the profile that makes the ditch dug with a plow soil layer is streamlined, according to the present invention, this device guide vane 13,14.Guide vane is hinged on the adjustable wing plate 11,12, and guide vane has a conical external surface, the direction of advancing towards device in the summit of its circular cone.And projection is towards the soil layer of being ploughed.Transfer to the soil block that mid portion goes in order to separate, cutting edge is made at the edge 15 and 16 of guide vane 13,14.

This device also can comprise the alternative middle 17(of an excavation Fig. 8,9), digger blade is wedge shape, and the face of protrusion is towards machine intimate.Tilt a little to afterbody at the direction of clay-carrying spade 2,3 front end with the faceted normal of the symmetry that connects of ploughshare 4 of device from digger blade 17.Front end at digger blade is equipped with a splitter 18, and the plane at splitter place and the symmetrical plane of device coincide.

This device comprises that also a movable auxiliary ploughshare 19(sees Figure 10), when ploughshare 19 is installed on this device, it is fixed on clay-carrying spade 2 and 3, and being configured in digger blade 7 or 17 above (according to the designs of its concrete condition), the cutting blade of additional like this ploughshare 19 just is configured in before the cutting blade of main ploughshare 4.Additional ploughshare 19 is to use bar 21 and Bolt Connection.With a mechanism 22, adjust ploughshare angle α with respect to the horizontal plane, thereby on vertical direction, adjust ploughshare.Mouldboard 23 is cemented in the lower surface of auxiliary ploughshare 19, and the lower limb 24 of each mouldboard all is made into cutting edge.Auxiliary ploughshare 19 is S-shaped, and each mouldboard 23 all is a developable surface, and each mouldboard 23 all installs vertical symmetrical plane with respect to this and disposes symmetrically.

This device has following performance, when tractor (not expressing in the drawings) draws this device and moves forward, this device incision soil, tooth 5 on the edge 6 of ploughshare 4 cuts off soil layers, and the bulk (Fig. 3) of shearing the very high soil layer of the density of opening alkaline earth layer and half alkaline earth layer B and C causes the volume of the soil of the whole soil layer of ploughing to increase.This device continues to move, the soil layer of being ploughed reaches ploughshare 4 places, under the effect of the developable surface of the symmetry of two ploughshares 4, on the normal to a surface direction, begin and to guide soil block gradually from its front end, enter the plough end, form two bursts of soil flow with alkaline earth and carbonate of separating, the result makes the smaller volume of soil and concentrates and break soil block into pieces.Simultaneously non-alkaline earth layer A is subjected to the compressing of clay-carrying spade 2,3, and when soil block broke away from ploughshare 4, its mid portion reached digger blade 7, and the formal parameter of digger blade 7 is according to the requirement of farming " maturation " alkaline earth and fixed.Soil moves along digger blade, and additional broken.When soil broke away from digger blade, alkaline earth layer B partly mixed mutually with non-alkaline earth layer A.The lateral section c of half alkaline earth layer C will reach two sides shovel 9,10(Fig. 4) the surface, their wing plate 11,12 will further vertically exerted pressure, and shift direction, fragmentation and soil delivered under the digger blade.B among the alkaline earth layer B is poured into wing plate 11,12 back under the effect of gravity, the space of reserving in order to fill the part c that shifts away from the C soil layer.To be fallen by the B of shovel 7 liftings and the mid portion c+b of C layer, and after breaking away from scoop, drop on (Fig. 6,7) on the guide vane 13,14, soil stream is round the surface of guide vane circular cone, in normal direction, indefinitely the middle part of soil mud to soil layer.This effect make soil land and shift before be agitated again.Soil is transferred to the mid portion of soil layer, and its result has increased zone line, has reduced the large clod and the low bank of earth between fields that cause after the farming.Through the B layer that mixes, the soil of the b+c of C layer part is backfilling in the same soil layer of digger blade 7 back, above c and the mutual mixing portion of b.

When this device was used for the wet viscosity alkaline earth of farming, the front end of shovel 7 can be stained with so that weaken the rheological characteristic of mixing B layer and C layer soil by soil.So when the alkaline earth of farming high humility, will shovel 7 and take off, change wedge shape, have digger blade 17(Fig. 8 of splitter 18,9).

The course of work of this device has following change, and when the soil block of pressurized breaks away from ploughshare 4, a part arrives digger blade 17 in the middle of it, and at this moment splitter 18 is rived into two strands of soil streams round 6 wedge shapes shovel 17 with the soil layer bottom.When soil stream flows along polyhedral surface of wedge shape shovel, be subjected to the pressure (considering angle of friction) of polyhedron surface normal direction.Wedge shape is shoveled polyhedral configuration, with and the effect of lip-deep normal direction, finally make along digger blade 17 and move, the soil flow of the bottom of soil layer twists.Its result has guaranteed the aforesaid effect that the mid portion of alkaline earth layer and carbonate horizon is mixed.

If alkaline earth layer density is very high, and is very hard, this device will be installed the auxiliary ploughshare 19(Figure 10 that has mouldboard 23).Before farming, should utilize and can plough the data that the soil map provides, with ploughshare 19 adjust to a proper depth h(at non-alkaline earth layer between the border of alkaline earth layer).And, adjust ploughshare 19 angle α with respect to the horizontal plane with mechanism 22, according to the pace of farming and the actual conditions of non-alkali the thickness of the layer, the α angle is selected between 5-15 °.

When this device moved forward, its cutting blade of ploughshare 19 usefulness 20 cut off non-alkaline earth layer, and the compressing soil block, and soil block is moved along the surface of ploughshare 19, finally broke away from the ploughshare surface, covered on half alkaline earth layer that mixes and alkaline earth layer.

Mandatory declaration, mixed alkaline earth and half alkaline earth are simultaneous below the native pears ploughshare 19.The mid portion of alkaline earth layer B is raised up by digger blade 7, and transfers to the side by mouldboard 23, and thus, the mid portion of half alkaline earth C rises along shovel 7, when it leaves shovel 7, flows on the mid portion of the alkaline earth layer B that is transferred.

The method according to this invention is utilized not have and is turned over the plough deep ploughing alkaline earth of turning up soil, and available above-described device carries out.Owing to make alkaline earth layer and half alkaline earth layer mix transfer with soil layer in vertical direction, the non-alkaline earth layer (humus) that keeps simultaneously leaving plant stubble is at the top of soil, just still topped outer surface at agric.Therefore guarantee to have the effect of improvement alkaline earth.But it must be noted that certain effect of improving the soil that can be used for the device of the present invention of farming alkaline earth has the feature of different nature-machinery.

Claims (15)

1, a kind of method of farming alkaline earth, be included on the whole soil depth thoroughly loose, carry out not have and turn over the upturned soil farming and the soil of soil internal improvement is transferred to alkaline earth layer (B), it is characterized in that mid portion when soil layer is thus lifted to (B) layer soil when above, the soil of improvement mixes mutually with alkaline earth layer (B), space in the half alkaline earth layer (C) is into toppled over by the loose part (b) of the quilt in the alkaline earth layer (B), with its filling in the left space of the part that is transferred (C) in the half alkaline earth layer (C).

2, device for implementation the method for claim 1, comprise clay-carrying spade (2 by a frame (1) supporting, 3), a digger blade (7) is arranged on the ploughshare (4), digger blade is installed between the clay-carrying spade, side shovel (9,10) is installed on the clay-carrying spade (2,3), and crooked backward, it is characterized in that ploughshare (4) is made into developable surface, the front end of side shovel (9,10) is conical, clay-carrying spade (2,3) turn to by the soil layer of farming, and with 5-10 ° of the vertical vertical plane angle of this device, and upwards open, with 75～83 ° of horizontal plane angles.

3, device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, digger blade (7) is hinged on the ploughshare (4), and a mechanism in order to the vertical height of adjusting it is arranged.

4, device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that using adjustable wing (11,12) to adjust the length of each side shovel (9,10).

5, device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that ploughshare (4) on its periphery (6), installed a series of tooth (5).

6, device as claimed in claim 2, the digger blade (17) that it is characterized in that ploughshare (4) is made into wedge shape, the part of projection is inwardly towards facility, by the normal to a surface that symmetrical plane limited, from the shovel (17) front end to tail end some inclination a little, direction is towards clay-carrying spade (2,3).

7, device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the front end in the middle of digger blade is equipped with a splitter (18), and the plane of splitter and this device symmetrical plane coincide.

8, device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that guide vane (13,14) is installed in the top of the controllable fin (11,12) of side shovel (9,10).

9, device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that guide vane (13,14) has a conical surface, and the direction that the vertex of a cone advances towards this device, the part of its protrusion turn to relatively by the soil layer of farming.

10, device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that the leading edge (14,15) of guide vane (13,14) is made cutting edge.

11, device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that providing an auxiliary ploughshare (19), is fixed on the clay-carrying spade (2,3), and is configured in the top of digger blade (7).

12, device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that the ploughshare (19) of assisting is a S shape.

13, device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that mouldboard (23) is configured in the both sides that this installs vertical symmetrical plane symmetrically, and is fixed on the bottom of auxiliary ploughshare (19).

14, device as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that each mouldboard (23) all makes developable surface.

15, device as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that the lower limb of each mouldboard (23) is made cutting edge.

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