CN85108173A - Be suitable for most the cemented carbide body of rock-boring and ore cutting - Google Patents

Be suitable for most the cemented carbide body of rock-boring and ore cutting Download PDF

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CN85108173A
CN85108173A CN85108173.8A CN85108173A CN85108173A CN 85108173 A CN85108173 A CN 85108173A CN 85108173 A CN85108173 A CN 85108173A CN 85108173 A CN85108173 A CN 85108173A
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phase
cemented carbide
wedding agent
content
carbide body
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CN1016711B (en
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尤多·卡尔·雷霍德·弗斯彻
埃里克·托布约恩·哈塞尔
简·冈纳·扎马·阿克曼
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Santrade Ltd
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Priority claimed from SE8405667A external-priority patent/SE446195B/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
    • Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
    • Y10T428/265—1 mil or less

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Abstract

The present invention relates to be suitable for most the cemented carbide body of rock-boring and ore cutting.By making this alloy body contain η-phase cemented carbide core body, its periphery is no η-phase cemented carbide upper layer.And make the cobalt contents of this alloy body in the surface low, and the cobalt contents height of contiguous η-phase region, thereby make above-mentioned cemented carbide body in practicality, increase intensity and work phase in longevity.

Description

Be suitable for most the cemented carbide body of rock-boring and ore cutting
The present invention relates to be suitable for most the cemented carbide body of rock and ore drilling tool.Also comprise and be used to cut pitch and concrete cutter.
Think that so far the Wimet that is suitable for such use should have two-phase composition, just, by the WC(α-phase of even cloth) form with cobalt (β-mutually).The expert thinks, such as M 6-carbide, W 3CO 3C(η-phase)-existence of class uncombined carbon or intermediate phase-respectively since carbon content height or carbon content low-be deleterious for the said products.
In fact above-mentioned opinion that test is verified, particularly about the low-carbon (LC) phase of η-phase one class, above-mentioned low-carbon (LC) is distributed in the whole cemented carbide body mutually or is positioned at the surface.The reason that causes above-mentioned negative consequence is that η-phase performance is more crisp, and just, from the surface, the tiny crack of generation often originates in the η-mutually, and cemented carbide body will be easy to break.
In impacting rock-boring, two types cutter is arranged, for example soldering inserts cutter and pressed-in block cutter.Require to increase the wear resistance of Wimet.Usually obtain above-mentioned Wimet with the minimizing cobalt contents.Yet the Wimet that cobalt contents is low means that the rock-boring inserts can not soldering, because soldering pressure causes disruptive danger.Nowadays, all use the pressed-in block drill bit basically, in the case, can use the Wimet of low levels cobalt.In assembling during pressed-in block, because thread Pilot hole boring, in drill bit, between pressed-in block and the steel in the top of contact surface, often form the space.The space enlarges when using drill bit, and finally causes fracture, and this can occur in the place, bottom surface that quite approaches pressed-in block.
Yet, be surprised to find that at present, if at the center of cemented carbide body, form under the condition of tiny and equally distributed η-phase region (being embedded in normal alpha+beta-phase structure interlayer), make Wimet, just can improve intensity significantly.Simultaneously, the circumferential surface layer must have only alpha+beta-phase.About η-phase, we are meant such as M 6C-carbide and M 12The W-C-C of C-carbide one class 0-be the low-carbon (LC) phase and have approximate chemical formula M 4The K-phase of C.
Necessary is that upper layer does not have η-phase fully, so that make WC-C 0Wimet keeps fabulous breaking tenacity characteristic.For example, when high temperature, carbon is joined in the cemented carbide body that η-phase is all arranged everywhere, can produce no η-phase region.By change time and temperature, just can obtain the no η-phase region of institute's required thickness.
Cemented carbide body has higher intensity and can be explained as follows.η-phase core body compares WC-C 0Wimet has bigger rigidity, and the elastic deformation that this meaning alloy body produces is less, thereby when boring alloy body load, the tension pressure that causes in the critical surfaces district is less.Conclusion is that the present invention is particularly suitable for such cemented carbide body, and the ratio of its height and maximum width is greater than 0.75 pressed-in block, preferably greater than 1.25.
In the skin of no η-phase region, the content of wedding agent phase must be low, just is lower than the nominal content of wedding agent phase.Have found that, the content of wedding agent phase in no η-phase region internal layer, just the content of cobalt should be quite high, promptly is higher than nominal content.Rich cobalt district causes stress in surface region, and intensity and toughness are also had advantageous effect.The result is that cutter has higher wear resistance, and cutter can bear high loads, and also can carry out soldering.
When holing, the pressed-in block plain grinding decreases to be increased, and in the pressed-in block rotation, this will cause the increase of mechanical stress.Contact surface increases between Wimet and the rock, the reactive force of pressed-in block very piece is become high, thereby increase risk of rupture.The pressed-in block that has η-phase core body according to the present invention owing in fact increased rigidity and intensity, compares with common pressed-in block, can have quite high flat wear resistance.(common pressed-in block needs the reason of grinding again, is to remove plain grinding and decreases, so that reduce the risk of breakage of stress-just.Use pressed-in block of the present invention, can grind again basically.）
The Wimet that contains η-phase has higher hardness usually than phase ridge composition but there is not the respective material of η-phase.From following example with very clear, can't be with higher hardness, the booster action of η-phase core body is explained in wear resistance increase just.WC-C 0The hardness that-type has mutually and η-mutually suitable, but in all examples, all demonstrated inferior performance.
η-must have tiny granularity mutually, 0.5-10 μ m, preferably 1-5 μ m.And be evenly distributed in the normal WC-C at cemented carbide body center 0In the structural matrix.Having been found that the thickness of η-phase core body, must be the 10-95% of Wimet width, and 30-65% preferably is so that can reach good result.
Core body should contain 2%(by volume at least) η-phase, preferably contain 10%(at least by volume), otherwise, with like water off a duck's back, but be at most 60%(by volume), preferably be at most 35%(by volume).
At no η-phase region, the content of wedding agent phase, the content of cobalt just, in the surface must be the mutually nominal content of wedding agent 0.1-0.9 doubly, preferably 0.2-0.7 times.At the boundary of contiguous η-phase core body, the content of wedding agent phase must progressively be increased to 1.2 times of the mutually nominal content of wedding agent at least, and preferably 1.4-2.5 doubly.Wedding agent is the width in poor district mutually, must be 0.2-0.8 times of no η-phase sector width, and preferably 0.3-0.7 times, width is 0.4mm at least, preferably is 0.8mm at least.
In the grade with the normal whole Wimet that use in the above-mentioned application, from containing 3%(by weight) grade of cobalt is up to containing 3.5%(by weight) grade of cobalt, all see the favourable raising of performance.Preferably contain 5-10%(by weight for impactite churn drill hole) cobalt, preferably contain 6-25%(by weight for rotation-fractured rock boring) cobalt, and preferably contain 6-13%(by weight for the ore cutter) cobalt.The granularity of WC can be from 1.5 μ m up to 8 μ m, preferably 2-5 μ m.
Fig. 1 represents the vertical and horizontal cross section of pressed-in block of the present invention.In the drawings, A represents to contain the Wimet of η-phase, B 1Represent no η-phase and contain the high Wimet of cobalt amount, B 2Represent no η-phase and contain the low Wimet of cobalt amount, and C represents to embed material (bakelite).Fig. 2 represents along the distribution of diametric cobalt of Fig. 1 pressed-in block and tungsten.Have found that the cobalt amount among the η-mutually can be replaced by any metallic iron or nickel whole or in part, just, real η-phase can be made up of one or more iron family metals that is compound.In this case, the performance of Wimet is also brought up to unexpected degree.
Above and in the following example, only in the situation of α-be mutually WC and β-based on one or more iron family metals (iron, nickel or cobalt), just demonstrate the advantageous effect of intracardiac η-phase in the Wimet pressed-in block.Then, when 15%(is by weight at least among the α-mutually) tungsten when being formed in the thing one or more and replace by titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, aluminium and molybdenum carbonization, preliminary experiment has provided result very likely.
This paper only relates to the Wimet pressed-in block that is used to impact rock-boring, but clearly, the present invention also can be used for various types of cemented carbide bodies, for example rock-boring inserts, wearing part or the other parts that are worn.
Example 1
With the WC-6% cobalt powder that contains 0.30% substoichiometric carbon content (for the ordinary rigid alloy, carbon content is 5.5% rather than 5.8%), the compacting height is the pressed-in block of 10mm for the 16mm diameter.At 900 ℃, with pressed-in block at N 2Presintering is 1 hour in the gas, and at 1450 ℃ of sintered samples.After this, in the graphite sandbox, use Al 2O 3Fine powder was filled pressed-in block rarely, and in 1450 ℃ pusher type furnace, carburizing atmosphere intermediate heat treatment 2 hours.In the agglomerating starting stage, form alpha+beta-phase structure, the wherein η-phase of uniform distribution grain refined.Simultaneously in the surface of pressed-in block, form the extremely narrow zone that the alpha+beta structure is only arranged,, and make η-be transformed into mutually alpha+beta-phase because carbon begins to diffuse into pressed-in block., enough carbon amount diffusions are arranged and in wide surface region, make whole η-transformation mutually after 2 hours at sintering.The pressed-in block of Zhi Zaoing in this way, the no η-phase surface district that has 2mm behind sintering and diameter are the core body of the η that contains fine and closely woven distribution-mutually of 6mm.Cobalt contents in the surface is 4.8%, the η of adjacent lateral side-and be 10.1% mutually.The width of the part that cobalt contents is low is about 1mm.
Example 2
Rock: the hard grind material grouan of a small amount of leptite of content, ultimate compression strength 2800-3100 crust.
Machinery: Atlas Copco Cop 1038 HD.The hydrodrill that is used for heavy drill equipment.Feeding pressure 85 crust, rotational pressure 45 crust change the 200rpm(revolutions per).
Drill bit: 45mm pressed-in block drill bit.Double plate has the peripheral pressed-in block of 10mm, and height is 16mm, and every kind of scheme is done 10 drill bits.
Wimet composition: 94%(is by weight) WC and 60%(by weight) cobalt.Granularity (scheme 1-3)=2.5 μ m.
Testing program:
η-phase scheme 1. η-phase core φ 6mm, the upper layer 2mm with no η-phase of cobalt contents gradient.
2. η-phase core φ 7.5mm, the upper layer 1.25mm with no η-phase of cobalt contents gradient.
The WC-C of ordinary grade 3. no η-phases 0Structure.
4. the WC-C that does not have η-phase 0Structure, but granularity is thinner, is about 1.8 μ m.
Operating process:
7 holes of bit drills in 5 meters, and remove so that borehole conditions to be shown.Damaging for the first time appears in pressed-in block, takes out drill bit immediately from test, and writes down the rice number of having holed.
The rice number that scheme has been holed
Average minimax disperses
1 300.8 359 270 32.9
2 310.2 361 271 39.8
3 225.8 240 195 17.2
4 220 340 103 65
Best η-phase scheme demonstrates, and is about 40% than the best ordinary grade work phase in longevity.
Example 3
Rock: abrasive material grouan with about 2000 crust ultimate compression strength
Machinery: Atlas Copco Cop 62 is used for the air pressure crawler actuator of hole rock-boring down.Air pressure 18 crust, revolution 40rpm.
Drill bit: have the downward drill of 165mm of φ 14 pressed-in blocks, high 24mm, each scheme is done 5 drill bits.The spacing of Yan Moing: 42m again.Hole depth: 21m.
The Wimet composition is according to example 2.All the scheme granularity is 2.5 μ m.
Testing program:
η-phase scheme 1. φ 7mm η-phase cores and 3.5m do not have the upper layer of η-mutually.Cobalt contents in the surface is 3.5%, and the cobalt contents in the rich cobalt part is 10.5%.The width of the part that cobalt contents is low is 1.5mm.
The WC-C of common standard grade 2. no η-phases 0
3. the WC-C that does not have η-phase 0, fine granularity, 1.8 μ m.
Operating process:
When each time ground again, just, after each second hole, put upside down the drill bit order, with the borehole conditions that guarantees to equate.When each bit diameter wearing and tearing is too big, perhaps can find out when some pressed-in block damages, promptly stop boring.
The result:
Hardness before the rice number boring that scheme has been holed
3mm place, average score upper layer offset surface, the center
1 820 100 1560 1390 1520
2 570 70 1420 1420 1415
3 429 52 1520 1520 1515
Example 4
Without heating with 500m 2The pitch medium pulverize into strong mill section sample.15 ℃ of air themperature.Test three kinds of schemes.
Machinery: Arrow Cp 2000 road scrapers.Hydraulic pressure with automatic cutting control
Figure 85108173_IMG1
The wheel excavator.
Cutting rotating cylinder: width 2m, 1 inch of diameter.Cutter: 950mm circumferential speed 3.8m/s, depth of cut 40mm.
Equipment: 166 chisels evenly are installed in around the cylinder, and 60 chisels (every kind of scheme has 20) are ordinary rigid alloy (1) and (2) and Wimet of the present invention (3).Testing program is worked simultaneously in couples, and around being equally distributed on cylinder along whole width.
Testing program
Cobalt W/O chisel is counted remarks
1 ordinary grade 9.5 106 is normal
The lower cobalt contents of 2 ordinary grades 8 20 is to increase
Wear resistance and hardness
3 η-phase scheme 9.5 20 about 1.5mm have a cobalt contents
No η-phase surface the layer of gradient.
All the pressed-in block height is 17mm, and diameter is 16mm.
Test pressed-in block or normal pressed-in block one are damaged, and just replace above-mentioned chisel with the standard chisel immediately.
The result:
Scheme reduces highly, and (wearing and tearing) mm is damaged or is replaced the pressed-in block order
1 3.5 1.2(relative numbers) III
2 2.6 2 Ⅱ
3 2.6 0 Ⅰ
Example 5
Test place: use cylinder drill bit (three conical head) to open-air mine drilling.
Machinery: Bycyrus Eris 60 R. when 70rpm, 40 tonnes of feed forces.The boring hole depth is between 10 to 17m.
Boring bit: 12 1/4 inch cylinder drill bit, 2 drill bits of every kind of scheme.
Rock: mainly contain quartzy crystal zone Stone, ultimate compression strength 1350-1600kp/cm.
Testing program:
1. standard model 10% cobalt, pressed-in block 14mm, high 21mm.
2. η-phase scheme 10% cobalt, pressed-in block 14mm, high 21mm has 2mm and does not have the core of η-phase surface layer and φ 9mm η-mutually.Cobalt contents gradient in the surface is 7%, and is 15% in rich cobalt part intensive amount gradient.The width of poor cobalt part is 1.5mm.
The result:
The rice number mark boring hardness m/h mark that scheme has been holed
1 1220 100 13 100
2 1750 140 16 123
In this example, have long phase in work longevity and bigger penetration rate according to the solution of the present invention.
Example 6
In the driving drilling equipment, use the rolling machine that the Wimet pressed-in block is housed.Test contains the pressed-in block of η-phase core on 7 feet drill bit.
Natural rock: leaf gneiss, ultimate compression strength 262MPa, hard wear resistant.
Drilling equipment: Ro BBins 71R
Boring length: 149.5m
Penetration rate: 0.8m/h
Equipment has 15% cobalt and residuum is the pressed-in block (φ 22mm, high 30mm) of the standard class of 2 μ mWc on a rolling machine.η-phase core that equipment has following parameter on the test rolling machine that is positioned at along diametric(al) above the driving boring head:
15% cobalt, 2 μ mWc
No η-phase surface layer: 3mm
η-phase core width: 16mm
The result:
In the rolling machine that the standard pressed-in block is housed, 30% pressed-in block damages, and in the test pressed-in block, only has 5% pressed-in block to scrap.
Example 7:
With φ 48mm inserts head dip test.
Rock: magnetic iron ore ten leaf gneiss.
Rig: Atlas Copco Cop 1038 HD.
Rock drill boring
Cutting inserts: high 21mm, wide 13mm, long 17mm.
Wimet grade: 11% cobalt, 4 μ mWc.
Scheme 1 no η-phase surface layer: 3mm
Cobalt contents in the surface: 8%
Scheme 2 standard substance
The result
Work phase in longevity, drilled meter diameter wear resistance m/mm
Scheme 1 508 416
Scheme 2 375 295
The resistant surfaces layer has abrasion resistance preferably, because the whole phase in work longevity has increased by 35%.

Claims (10)

1, is suitable for the cemented carbide body of rock-boring and ore cutting most, it contains the Wc (α-phase) of the wedding agent phase (β-phase) of at least a cobalt, nickel or iron, it is characterized in that this cemented carbide body contains η-phase cemented carbide core body, have or not the upper layer of η-phase in its periphery.
According to the cemented carbide body of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, the granularity of η-phase is 0.5～10 μ m, preferably 1-5 μ m.
3, according to the cemented carbide body of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the core body content of η-phase be 2～60%(by volume) preferably 10～35%(is by volume).
According to the cemented carbide body of claim 1, it is characterized in that 4, the width of η-phase core body is 10～95% of an alloy body diameter, preferably 40～75%.
According to the cemented carbide body of claim 1, it is characterized in that 5,15%(is by weight at the most in the α-mutually) tungsten formed in the thing one or more by Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr and Mo metallic carbide and replace.
According to the cemented carbide body of claim 1, it is characterized in that 6, the wedding agent phase content is lower than the nominal content of wedding agent phase in the outer layer segment of upper layer.
According to the cemented carbide body of claim 1, it is characterized in that 7, the outermost layer sector width that wedding agent is poor mutually is 0.2～0.8 times of no η-phase sector width, preferably 0.3～0.7 times.
According to the cemented carbide body of claim 1, it is characterized in that 8, the content of wedding agent phase in the poor mutually outermost layer district of wedding agent is 0.1～0.9 times of the mutually nominal content of wedding agent, preferably 0.2～0.7 times.
9, according to the cemented carbide body of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the contiguous interior layer segment that contains the no η-phase surface layer of η-phase core body, wherein the content of wedding agent phase is greater than nominal content.
10, according to the cemented carbide body of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be close to η-phase core body at the interface, the content of the interior wedding agent phase of upper layer is increased to 1.2 times of the mutually nominal content of wedding agent, preferably 1.4～2.5 times gradually.
CN85108173A 1984-11-13 1985-11-12 Hard alloy suitable for drilling rock and cutting ore Expired CN1016711B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8405667-0 1984-11-13
SE8405667A SE446195B (en) 1984-11-13 1984-11-13 Carbide rod for drilling rock and the like
SE8503804-0 1985-08-14
SE8503804A SE446196B (en) 1984-11-13 1985-08-14 HARD METAL BODY FOR MOUNTAIN DRILLING OR DYL

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CN85108173A true CN85108173A (en) 1986-05-10
CN1016711B CN1016711B (en) 1992-05-20

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CN85108173A Expired CN1016711B (en) 1984-11-13 1985-11-12 Hard alloy suitable for drilling rock and cutting ore

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JP (1) JPH068477B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1016711B (en)
AU (1) AU588003B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8505668A (en)
CA (1) CA1249606A (en)
DE (1) DE3574738D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8706093A1 (en)
FI (1) FI79862C (en)
IE (1) IE58589B1 (en)
MX (1) MX170150B (en)
NO (1) NO165447C (en)
PT (1) PT81474B (en)

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CN103184382A (en) * 2013-04-11 2013-07-03 北京工业大学 Corrosion-resistant hard alloy and preparation method thereof
CN105156038A (en) * 2015-08-27 2015-12-16 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Alloy tooth made of gradient composite materials for cone drill bit and method for machining alloy tooth
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CN110629095A (en) * 2019-08-09 2019-12-31 株洲美特优硬质合金有限公司 Gradient hard alloy composite bar and preparation method thereof
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AU4973685A (en) 1986-05-22
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FI854321A0 (en) 1985-11-04
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BR8505668A (en) 1986-08-12
US4743515A (en) 1988-05-10
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PT81474B (en) 1991-10-31
FI79862C (en) 1991-12-27
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NO165447B (en) 1990-11-05
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FI854321A (en) 1986-05-14
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JPH068477B2 (en) 1994-02-02
ES548783A0 (en) 1987-06-01
AU588003B2 (en) 1989-09-07
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CN1016711B (en) 1992-05-20
FI79862B (en) 1989-11-30
PT81474A (en) 1985-12-01
NO165447C (en) 1991-08-20

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