CN85105332B - Multipurpose test instrument for soil strength - Google Patents
Multipurpose test instrument for soil strength Download PDFInfo
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- CN85105332B CN85105332B CN85105332A CN85105332A CN85105332B CN 85105332 B CN85105332 B CN 85105332B CN 85105332 A CN85105332 A CN 85105332A CN 85105332 A CN85105332 A CN 85105332A CN 85105332 B CN85105332 B CN 85105332B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a multipurpose test instrument for soil strength. A set of force and twist transmission components cause a measuring rod to generate vertical motion or rotary motion through a position locking mechanism so as to measure the strength of many kinds of soil, and therefore, the present invention changes the condition that the strength of many kinds of soil needs to be measured by different measuring instruments at present. The instrument records automatically, and measuring ranges are all larger than that of the existing measuring instrument.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of multipurpose test instrument for soil strength, be used for measuring, shear strength, performances such as hardness and outer attached power/cohesive strength from very wet soft bearing strength to extremely hard soil.
The present instrument that is used for measured soil intensity and outer attached power/cohesive strength both at home and abroad has:
(1) (U.S.) WES circular cone penetrates instrument-MGBekker " terrain-vehicle system introduction " in December, 1978, P12, China Machine Press;
(2) (day) Tanaka's instrument;
(3) (Soviet Union) Bucxom soil compactibility meter;
(4) (in) " SJ-35 " type paddy field soil boxshear apparatus～Nanjing Soil Apparatus Factory produces, " soil～Vehicular system mechanics " P36, Chinese agricultural machinery publishing house,, Jilin Industry University Chen Bingcong work in 1981;
(5) (in) " SY-I " type paddy field soil static load pressure-bearing instrument～Nanjing Soil Apparatus Factory's production." soil～Vehicular system mechanics " P53, Chinese agricultural machinery publishing house,, Jilin Industry University Chen Bingcong work in 1981.
(6) " TE-3 " type stratameter～Nanjing soil instrument plant produces;
(7) (in) engineer's circular cone instrument～Nanjing engineer institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.Liu Yongyang, Chen Zhenwei;
(8) the outer attached power of paddy field soil/cohesive strength analyzer.
In the above-mentioned instrument, (1), (2), (3), (5), (6), (7) only can measure the soil bearing capacity, except that (7), equal very wet soft resistances of soil of energy measurement not, but (7) record automatically; (4) only can measure soil shear strength; (8) only can measure the outer attached power/cohesive strength of paddy field soil.
Usually the measured soil shear strength is the soil shear instrument; The measured soil bearing strength be soil pressure-bearing instrument; Measured soil hardness be stratameter; What measure outer attached power/cohesive strength is the outer attached power/cohesive strength analyzer of soil.
The design only just has the function of above-mentioned several instruments with a multipurpose test instrument for soil strength, and measurement category is big, and record automatically is mainly used in:
(1) the research resistance of soil is to relations such as the growth of the germination of seed, root system, the rational application of fertilizer, water conservation, sowing, reclamation;
(2) study soil grass-root intensity to civil construction, road equipment, the influence of hydraulic engineering etc., and check its construction quality;
Trafficability characteristic when (3) research surface car (as automobile, tractor, tank etc.) is with soil interaction, dynamic property, efficient etc. are so that reasonable selection, design and battle operational research etc.;
(4) the research tillage implement (as plough, rake etc.) and the correlation of resistance of soil are so that appropriate design, supporting etc.;
The design's structure is: with the upper and lower two large divisions of the overall branch of instrument, top is mainly torque measuring mechanism by the junction plate (43) that has the A-frame (49) that can regulate length and angle, and the lower part is mainly pressure-bearing mechanism (see figure 1).
Its underpart mainly has extension spring (14), stage clip (12), measuring staff (2), stage clip following (9), record cylinder (10).
Its top mainly has torsion spring (22), (24), (27), power transmission cover (23), initiatively post (25), long tooth bar (28), and the locking mechanism by being made up of last lock pin (20), time lock pin (41), gear shaft (17), axle bed (40), bayonet lock (39).
And by forming self-recording mechanism by weight linear meter (4) base plate (50), recording pen (46), (34), duplicate gear (15), spur gear (44), record cylinder (10), urceolus (35).
With the example of multipurpose test instrument for soil strength, the invention will be further described below.
Fig. 1: multipurpose test instrument for soil strength overall schematic.
Fig. 2: multipurpose test instrument for soil strength upper junction composition.
Fig. 3: multipurpose test instrument for soil strength lower junction composition.
Fig. 4: drive sleeve (23) is slidingly connected with long tooth bar (28) cydariform.
Fig. 5: the locking mechanism of long tooth bar (28) and following lock pin (41).
The outside of top urceolus (35) is wound with record-paper with as record cylinder, urceolus (35) central vertical is stood a hollow drive sleeve (23), on the drive sleeve (23), following two ends are connecting follower plate (26) and terminal pad (21) rigidly respectively, there is a long tooth bar (28) to pass in the cover, drive sleeve (23) lower inner wall and long tooth bar (28) outer wall are by " cydariform " (see figure 4) that is slidingly connected, drive sleeve (23) outside sky is from the bottom to top overlapping first (22), second (24), the the 3rd (27) grade of torsion spring, the rigidity of three grades of torsion springs is respectively 1,19,80kgfmm/deg, its anglec of rotation is respectively 120 °, 60 °, 30 °.First, one end of secondary torsion spring and drive sleeve (23) are rigidly connected, one end of third level torsion spring and follower plate (26) are rigidly connected, the other end of first order torsion spring is directly rigidly connected with the active post (25) on the terminal pad (21) that is driven by hand moving worm and gear (36), second, the other end of three grades of torsion springs then links to each other by the chute mouth on the active post (25) and (treats that initiatively post (25) is with 60 ° of terminal pad (21) rotations, after 90 °, then second, three grades of torsion springs are just driven by active post (25) accordingly), connecting fan-shaped gear ring (30) rigidly on junction plate (21) outer rim, be fixed on the bevel gear (31) and fan-shaped gear ring (30) engagement of the duplicate gear of the record pen stand (29) on the follower plate (26), the spur gear of duplicate gear (32) meshes with the tooth bar (33) of recording pen, recording pen (34) is fixed on the lower end of tooth bar (33), " (" shape plate (38) is connected the top of junction plate (43) to the housing (37) of worm and gear (36) by two, the below of junction plate (43) is connecting guiding seat board (42) rigidly, the hollow guiding platform arm of having opened on the guiding seat board (42) in straight trough hole passes from junction plate (43) centre bore, the gear shaft (17) that has handle (16) is arranged between junction plate (43) and the worm and gear housing (37), and be fixed on the junction plate (43) with two axle beds (40), spur gear (19) on the gear shaft (17) and long tooth bar (28) engagement, and gear shaft (17) can endwisely slip in gear shaft block (40) as required, if will long tooth bar (28) during rotation, spur gear (19) on the gear shaft (17) will with long tooth bar (28) disengage from, after spur gear (19) and long tooth bar (28) disengage from, spacing with bayonet lock (39), and lock pin (41) (see figure 5) under unclamping, lock pin in the adjustment (20), long tooth bar (28) is pinned, so that long tooth bar (28) only can be rotated and can not go up voluntarily, move down, (the screw keyed stage clip seat of honour (45) is used in 28 lower ends to long tooth bar, below, the stage clip seat of honour (45) is connecting stage clip fairlead (11) with screw, fairlead (11) the lower end clamp nut (5) that is being threaded and is having six side's centre bores, this nut and fairlead (11) are each other by nut (7) and tight, having hollow outer six side's weight linear meters (4) passes from the interior hexagonal hole of clamp nut (5), weight linear meter (4) lower end is connecting measuring staff (2) with nut (3), the torque-transmitting mechanisms that above major part is formed can make measuring staff (2) by torsion spring (22), (24), (27) generation rotatablely moves.
When the spur gear (19) on the gear shaft (17) meshes with long tooth bar (28), utilize and adjust lock pin (41) down, so that long tooth bar (28) can not move down voluntarily.Long tooth bar (28) lower end is being suspended extension spring connecting rod (13) in midair by extension spring (14), the taper platform arm sky of extension spring connecting rod (13) lower end is being overlapped by adjusting nut (8) and is being connected weight linear meter (4), adjusting nut (8) locks by threaded adjusting and by screw (6) with weight linear meter (4), the top of the adjusting nut of outer cone (8) on having, and within fairlead (11), sliding sleeve following of stage clip (9), in stage clip following (9) has, the cylindrical taper reaches Outer cylindrical down, extension spring connecting rod (13) passes from following (9) centre bore of stage clip, in the stage clip seat of honour (45), following seat accompanies stage clip (12) between (9), the screw (48) on the following spring following (9) can be in the straight trough of fairlead (11) on, lower slider.The mechanism that above major part is formed can make measuring staff (2) produce upper and lower motion by flexible member extension spring (14), stage clip (12).
In fairlead (11) outside, sky is overlapping pressure-bearing record cylinder (10), record cylinder (10) top hanging sleeve on guiding seat board (42), be locked in the spur gear (44) of pressure-bearing record cylinder (10) top, the a pair of duplicate gear (15) and the bevel gear (18) on the gear shaft (17) that are enclosed within on the junction plate (43) by sky mesh, clip the penholder base plate (50) that has penholder (47) between weight linear meter (4) and nut (3), recording pen (46) can slide up and down in the vertical channel on penholder (47) top and can tighten up.This recording mechanism, rotation because of the record cylinder of being furnished with spur gear (44) (10) that moves down and drive by a pair of duplicate gear (15) of long tooth bar (28), just can write down " cone index-degree of depth " of resistance of soil, " hardness-degree of depth " and quilt are cut the actual angle of torsion of soil.
Measuring staff (2) below is with the shearing ring that is being threaded (1), or square drafting board 1c, or circular cone gauge head 1b, or (metal, rubber, plastics) end drafting board 1a.
Existing soil shear instrument, as " SJ-3.5 " type paddy field soil boxshear apparatus that Nanjing Soil Apparatus Factory produces, its primary structure by: loading, torsional shear, record three parts are formed, this instrument dominant record height of curve 68mm, peak torque is 1.7,3.4kgfm.
The design adopts three grades of torsion springs (22), (24), (27), and its rigidity is respectively 1,19,80kgf.mm/deg.The design's dominant record height of curve is 120mm, and peak torque is 12kgfm, and wherein first order moment of torsion is 0.001～0.06kgfm.For this reason, this instrument all can be measured for the shear strength of extremely wet soft extremely hard soil.
Existing soil pressure-bearing instrument penetrates instrument as (U.S.) WES circular cone, (day) Tanaka's instrument, (in) " SY-1 " paddy field soil static load pressure-bearing instrument etc., be example with " SY-1 ", its primary structure is made up of gauge head, loading, record three parts.Engineer's circular cone instrument mainly is made up of gauge head, measuring staff, annular dynamometer, dial gage.Above-mentioned instrument only can be measured the soil bearing strength, except that " engineer's circular cone instrument ", all can not measured soil intensity less than 0.83kgf/cm
2Udoll earth (but " engineer's circular cone instrument " record automatically, by the dial gage reading), measurement category is generally 1～10kgf/Cmm
2About, maximum load pressure is 30kgf(such as SY-1).
Because of Udoll earth intensity in the 20cm is generally less than 0.6kgf/cm
2, Udoll earth intensity is generally less than 0.2kgf/cm in the 10cm
2, Udoll earth intensity is generally less than 0.1kgf/cm in the 5cm
2The design comes the deadweight of counterweight group because of adopting the very little extension spring of one-level rigidity, so can measure the bearing strength of utmost point Udoll earth.The design's maximum load pressure is 60 or 66kgf, and self registering measurement category is: the first order is 0.1～0.4kgf/cm
2, the second level is 2～20kgf/cm
2
Existing stratameter: as (Soviet Union) Bucxom, (in) TE-3 type etc., be example with " TE-3 ", its primary structure by: gauge head, loading, indicator, crank etc. are formed, and the embedded depth that the TE-3 type is measured is 20cm.
The design still uses this instrument, just can measure soil hardness.The embedded depth that the design measures is 35cm, can write down " degree of depth-hardness " curve automatically, and soil hardness test specification one-level is 6～66kgf/cm
2(use 1cm
2The circular cone gauge head), if change second and third grade different-stiffness stage clip, it wants measured value will be bigger.
The outer attached power of existing soil/cohesive strength analyzer, its primary structure by: gauge head, loading, dynamometry etc. are partly formed, and this instrument maximum load power is 30kg.
The design still just can measure the outer attached power/cohesive strength of soil with this instrument, and the maximum load pressure of this instrument is 66kg.
The design's characteristics are just to have the function of existing several instruments now with a multipurpose test instrument for soil strength, and measurement category is big, gives and makes, and particularly use and bring very big facility.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of multipurpose test instrument for soil strength is characterized in that comprising:
A, by flexible member extension spring (14), stage clip (12), torsion spring (22), (24), (27) and drive sleeve (23), initiatively post (25), long tooth bar (28) forms one overlap power transmission, torsion pass parts, by handle (16) turning gear wheel shaft (17) or worm screw (36), make measuring staff (2) realization move up and down or rotatablely move;
B, by last lock pin (20), the following locking mechanism formed of lock pin (41), gear shaft (17), axle bed (40), bayonet lock (39), gear shaft (17) can move axially in axle bed (40), so that spur gear (19) is realized engagement or disengage from long tooth bar (28);
C, by weight linear meter (4), base plate (50), recording pen (46), duplicate gear (15), the bottom recording mechanism that spur gear (44), record cylinder (10) are formed, and the top recording mechanism of forming by record pen stand (29), urceolus (35), bevel gear (31), fan-shaped gear ring (30), recording pen (34);
D, the supporting device of forming by the A-frame that can regulate length and angle (49).
2, multipurpose test instrument for soil strength according to claim 1, it is characterized in that drive sleeve (23) lower inner wall and long tooth bar (28) outer wall are slidingly connected by " cydariform ", drive sleeve (23) hauls torsion spring (22), (24), (27) rotation by active post (25), and long tooth bar (28) rotates thereupon.
3, multipurpose test instrument for soil strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that three grades of torsion springs (22), (24), (27) rigidity are respectively 1,19,80kgfmm/deg, and its anglec of rotation is respectively 120 °, 60 °, 30 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105332A CN85105332B (en) | 1985-07-10 | 1985-07-10 | Multipurpose test instrument for soil strength |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105332A CN85105332B (en) | 1985-07-10 | 1985-07-10 | Multipurpose test instrument for soil strength |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85105332A CN85105332A (en) | 1986-10-29 |
| CN85105332B true CN85105332B (en) | 1988-06-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105332A Expired CN85105332B (en) | 1985-07-10 | 1985-07-10 | Multipurpose test instrument for soil strength |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85105332B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101979776A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-02-23 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for measuring control dynamic shearing strain in fatigue dynamic tri-axial test |
| RU223688U1 (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2024-02-28 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки "Научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Крыма" | Soil hardness measuring device |
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| CN101979993B (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2013-05-22 | 三一电气有限责任公司 | Vehicle ground mechanic parameter measuring device |
| CN102109439B (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2013-01-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | Instrument for measuring bearing and shearing properties of soil |
| CN104502226A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-08 | 重庆三贵机械制造有限公司 | Soil density detector |
| CN106198279B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2023-03-10 | 湖北泰和电气有限公司 | Spring pin force measuring mechanism for rapidly detecting ground strength |
| CN112414448A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2021-02-26 | 东莞理工学院 | Early warning fault detection equipment |
| CN111579373B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-04-16 | 浙江礼显试验仪器制造有限公司 | Testing machine for measuring compressive strength |
| CN116718489B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-10-24 | 四川大学 | Deep multi-field and complex stress coupling shear test system and method |
-
1985
- 1985-07-10 CN CN85105332A patent/CN85105332B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101979776A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-02-23 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for measuring control dynamic shearing strain in fatigue dynamic tri-axial test |
| CN101979776B (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2012-08-29 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for measuring control dynamic shearing strain in fatigue dynamic tri-axial test |
| RU223688U1 (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2024-02-28 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки "Научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Крыма" | Soil hardness measuring device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85105332A (en) | 1986-10-29 |
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