CN85105332A - Multipurpose test instrument for soil strength - Google Patents
Multipurpose test instrument for soil strength Download PDFInfo
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- CN85105332A CN85105332A CN 85105332 CN85105332A CN85105332A CN 85105332 A CN85105332 A CN 85105332A CN 85105332 CN85105332 CN 85105332 CN 85105332 A CN85105332 A CN 85105332A CN 85105332 A CN85105332 A CN 85105332A
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Abstract
A kind of multipurpose test instrument for soil strength, one cover power transmission torsion pass parts make measuring staff produce upper and lower by locking mechanism or rotatablely move, carry out the measurement of various resistances of soil, thereby change the situation that present various resistance of soil need are measured with different surveying instruments, and this instrument adopts automatic record, and measurement range is all greater than the measurement range that has surveying instrument now.
Description
The invention belongs to surveying instrument.
The present instrument that is used for measured soil intensity and outer attached power/cohesion both at home and abroad has:
(1) (U.S.) WES garden awl penetrates instrument-MGBekker " terrain-vehicle system introduction " in Dec, 1978, p12, China Machine Press;
(2) (day) Tanaka's instrument;
(3) (Soviet Union) Bucxom soil compactibility meter;
(4) (in) " SJ-35 " type paddy field soil boxshear apparatus-Nanjing Soil Apparatus Factory produces, " soil-Vehicular system mechanics " p12, Chinese agricultural machinery publishing house,, Jilin Industry University Chen Bingcong work in 1981;
(5) (in) " SY-1 " type paddy field soil static load pressure-bearing instrument-Nanjing Soil Apparatus Factory produces, " soil-Vehicular system mechanics " p53, Chinese agricultural machinery publishing house,, Jilin Industry University Chen Bingcong work in 1981;
(6) " TE-3 " type stratometer-Nanjing Soil Apparatus Factory produces;
(7) (in) engineer garden awl instrument-Nanjing engineer institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Liu Yongyang, Chen Zhenwei;
(8) the outer attached power of paddy field soil/cohesion analyzer.
In the above-mentioned instrument, (1), (2), (3), (5), (6), (7) only can measure the soil bearing capacity, except that (7), equal very wet soft resistances of soil of energy measurement not, but (7) record automatically; (4) only can measure soil shear strength; (8) only can measure the outer attached power/cohesion of paddy field soil.
Usually the measured soil shearing strength is the soil shear instrument; The measured soil bearing resistance be soil pressure-bearing instrument; Measured soil hardness be stratometer; What measure outer attached power/cohesion is the outer attached power/cohesion analyzer of soil.
The design only just has the function of above-mentioned several instruments with a multipurpose test instrument for soil strength, and measurement range is big, and record automatically is mainly used in:
(1) the research resistance of soil is to relations such as the growth of the germination of seed, root system, the rational application of fertilizer, water conservation, sowing, soil improvements;
(2) study soil grass-root intensity to civil construction, road equipment, the influence of hydraulic engineering etc., and check its construction quality;
Trafficability characteristic when (3) research surface car (as automobile, tractor, tank etc.) is with soil interaction, dynamic property, efficient etc. are so that reasonable selection, design and battle operational research etc.;
(4) the research tillage implement (as plough, rake etc.) and the mutual relationship of resistance of soil are so that appropriate design, supporting etc.;
The design's structure is: with the upper and lower two large divisions of the overall branch of instrument, top is mainly torque measuring mechanism by the web joint (43) that has the A-frame (49) that can regulate length and angle, and the lower part is mainly pressure-bearing mechanism (see figure 1).
The outside of top urceolus (35) is wound with recording chart with as record cylinder, urceolus (35) central vertical is stood a hollow drive sleeve (23), on the drive sleeve (23), following two ends are connecting follower plate (26) and terminal pad (21) rigidly respectively, there is a long tooth bar (28) to pass in the cover, drive sleeve (23) lower inner wall and long tooth bar (28) outer wall are by " cydariform " (see figure 2) that is slidingly connected, drive sleeve (23) outside sky is from the bottom to top overlapping first (22), second (24), the the 3rd (27) grade of torsion spring, the rigidity of three grades of torsion springs is respectively 1,19,80kgfmm/deg, its rotation angle is respectively 120 °, 60 °, 30 °.First, one end of secondary torsion spring and drive sleeve (23) are rigidly connected, one end of third level torsion spring and follower plate (26) are rigidly connected, the other end of first order torsion spring is directly rigidly connected with the active post (25) on the terminal pad (21) that is driven by hand moving worm and gear (36), second, the other end of three grades of torsion springs then links to each other by the chute mouth on the active post (25) and (treats that initiatively post (25) is with 60 ° of terminal pad (21) rotations, after 90 °, then second, three grades of torsion springs are just driven by active post (25) accordingly), connecting fan-shaped gear ring (30) rigidly on web joint (21) outer rim, be fixed on the bevel gear (31) and fan-shaped gear ring (30) engagement of the duplicate gear of the record pen stand (29) on the follower plate (26), the spur gear of duplicate gear (32) meshes with the tooth bar (33) of recording pointer, recording pointer (34) is fixed on the lower end of tooth bar (33), " (" shape plate (38) is connected the top of web joint (43) to the housing (37) of worm and gear (36) by two, the below of web joint (43) is connecting guiding seat board (42) rigidly, the hollow guiding platform arm of having opened on the guiding seat board (42) in straight trough hole passes from web joint (43) center pit, the gear shaft (17) that has handle (16) is arranged between web joint (43) and the worm and gear housing (37), and be fixed on the web joint (43) with two axle beds (40), the spur gear (19) of gear shaft (17) and long tooth bar (28) engagement, and gear shaft (17) can endwisely slip in gear shaft block (40) as required, if will long tooth bar (28) during rotation, spur gear (19) on the gear shaft (17) will with long tooth bar (28) throw out of gear, after spur gear (19) and long tooth bar (28) throw out of gear, spacing with bayonet lock (39), and lock pin (41) (see figure 3) under unclamping, lock pin in the adjustment (20), long tooth bar (28) is pinned, so that long tooth bar (28) only can be rotated and can not go up voluntarily, move down, the screw keyed stage clip seat of honour (45) is used in long tooth bar (28) lower end, below, the stage clip seat of honour (45) is connecting stage clip orienting sleeve (11) with screw, orienting sleeve (11) the lower end gland nut (5) that is being threaded and is having six side's center pits, this nut and orienting sleeve (11) are each other by nut (7) and tight, having hollow outer six side's weight linear meters (4) passes from the interior hexagonal hole of gland nut (5), weight linear meter (4) lower end is connecting measuring staff (2) with nut (3), the torque-transmitting mechanisms that above critical part is formed can make measuring staff (2) by torsion spring (22), (24), (27) generation rotatablely moves.
(fashionable, lock pin (41) is down adjusted in utilization to spur gear (19) on the gear shaft (17), so that long tooth bar (28) can not move down voluntarily with long tooth bar (28).Long tooth bar (28) lower end is being suspended extension spring connecting link (13) in midair by extension spring (14), the taper platform arm sky of extension spring connecting link (13) lower end is being overlapped by setting nut (8) and is being connected weight linear meter (4), setting nut (8) locks by threaded adjusting and by screw (6) with weight linear meter (4), the top of the setting nut (8) of garden awl outside on having, and within orienting sleeve (11), sliding sleeve following of stage clip (9), in stage clip following (9) has, outer taper reaches outer garden cylindricality down, extension spring connecting link (13) passes from following (9) center pit of stage clip, in the stage clip seat of honour (45), following seat accompanies stage clip (12) between (9), the screw (48) on the following spring following (9) can be in the straight trough of orienting sleeve (11) on, lower slider.The mechanism that above critical part is formed can make measuring staff (2) produce upper and lower motion by flexible member extension spring (14), stage clip (12).
In orienting sleeve (11) outside, sky is overlapping pressure-bearing record cylinder (10), record cylinder (10) top hanging sleeve is on guiding seat board (42), be locked in the spur gear (44) of pressure-bearing record cylinder (10) top, the a pair of double crosslinking gear shaft (15) and the bevel gear (18) on the gear shaft (17) that are enclosed within on the web joint (43) by sky mesh, clip the penholder support plate (50) that has penholder (47) between weight linear meter (4) and nut (3), recording pointer (46) can also can tighten up in the vertical channel on penholder (47) top in upper and lower slip.This recording mechanism, rotation because of the record cylinder of being furnished with spur gear (44) (10) that moves down and drive by a pair of duplicate gear (15) of long tooth bar (28), just can write down " the garden bevel index-degree of depth " of resistance of soil, " hardness-degree of depth " and quilt are cut the actual torsion angle of soil.
Measuring staff (2) below is with the shearing ring that is being threaded (1), or square drafting board 1c, or the garden bores gauge head 1b, or (metal, rubber, plastics) end drafting board 1a.
Existing soil shear instrument, as " SJ-35 " type paddy field soil boxshear apparatus that Nanjing Soil Apparatus Factory produces, its primary structure by: loading, torsional shear, record three parts are formed, this instrument dominant record height of curve 68mm, peak torque is 1.7,3.4kgfM.
The design adopts three grades of torsion springs (22), (24), (27), and its rigidity is respectively 1,19,80kgfmm/deg.The design's dominant record height of curve is 120mm, and peak torque is 12kgfM, and wherein first order moment of torsion is 0.001～0.06kgfM.For this reason, this instrument all can be measured for the shearing strength of extremely wet soft extremely hard soil.
Existing soil pressure-bearing instrument penetrates instrument as (U.S.) WES garden awl, (day) Tanaka's instrument, (in) " SY-1 " paddy field soil static load pressure-bearing instrument etc., be example with " SY-1 ", its primary structure by: gauge head, loading, record three parts are formed.Engineer garden awl instrument mainly by: gauge head, measuring staff, annular dynamometer, dial gauge are formed.Above-mentioned instrument only can be measured the soil bearing resistance, except that " engineer garden awl instrument ", all can not measured soil intensity less than 0.83kgf/cm
2Udoll earth (but " engineer garden awl instrument " record automatically, by the dial gauge reading), measurement range is generally 1～10kgf/cm
2About, maximum load pressure is 30kgf(such as SY-1).
Because of Udoll earth intensity in the 20cm is generally less than 0.6kgf/cm
2, Udoll earth intensity is generally less than 0.2kgf/cm in the 10cm
2, Udoll earth intensity is generally less than 0.1kgf/cm in the 5cm
2The design comes the deadweight of counterweight group because of adopting the very little extension spring of one-level rigidity, so can measure the bearing resistance of utmost point Udoll earth.The design's maximum load pressure is 60 or 66kgf, and self registering measurement range is: the first order is 0.1～0.4kgf/cm
2, the second level is 2～20kgf/cm
2
Existing stratometer, as (Soviet Union) Bucxom, (in) TE-3 type etc., be example with " TE-3 ", its primary structure by: gauge head, loading, indicator, crank etc. are formed, and the embedded depth that the TE-3 type is measured is 20cm.
The design still uses this instrument, just can measure soil hardness.The embedded depth that the design measures is 35cm, can write down " degree of depth-hardness " curve automatically, and the test specification one-level of soil hardness is 6～66kg/cm
2(use 1cm
2Garden awl gauge head), if change second and third grade different-stiffness stage clip, it wants measured value will be bigger.
The outer attached power of existing soil/cohesion analyzer, its primary structure by: gauge head, loading, dynamometry etc. are partly formed, and this instrument maximum load power is 30kg.
The design still just can measure the outer attached power/cohesion of soil with this instrument, and the maximum load pressure of this instrument is 66kg.
The design's characteristics are just to have the function of existing several instruments now with a multipurpose test instrument for soil strength, and measurement range is big, gives and makes, and particularly use and bring very big facility.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of multipurpose test instrument for soil strength is characterized in that:
A, have flexible member extension spring [14], stage clip [12], torsion spring [22], [24], [27] and drive sleeve [23], initiatively post [25], [28] the one cover power transmissions of long tooth bar, torsion pass parts, make the whole general layout that measuring staff [2] realization is upper and lower or rotatablely move.
B, have the lock pin of comprising [20], down lock pin [41], gear shaft [17], axle bed [40], bayonet lock [39] are formed locking mechanism.
C, has the self-recording mechanism of forming by weight linear meter [4], support plate [50], recording pointer [46], duplicate gear [15], spur gear [44], record cylinder [10].
2, according to claim 1(a), it is characterized in that drive sleeve (23) lower inner wall and long tooth bar (28) outer wall are slidingly connected by " cydariform ", drive sleeve (23) hauls torsion spring (22) (24) (27) by active post (25) and rotates, and long tooth bar (28) rotates thereupon.
3,, it is characterized in that three grades of torsion springs (22) (24) (27) rigidity is respectively 1,19, its rotation angle of 80kgfmm/deg is respectively 120 °, 60 °, 30 ° according to claim 1,2.
4, according to claim 1(b), it is characterized in that adopting lock pin (20), following lock pin (41) can pin long tooth bar (28); Gear shaft (17) can move axially in axle bed (40), and adopts bayonet lock (39) lock-bit.
5, according to claim 1(c), its feature has a recording pointer (46) to be fixed on weight linear meter (4), the support plate (50), and finishes automatic record with the record cylinder of being furnished with spur gear (44) (10) that a pair of duplicate gear (15) drives.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105332A CN85105332B (en) | 1985-07-10 | 1985-07-10 | Multipurpose test instrument for soil strength |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105332A CN85105332B (en) | 1985-07-10 | 1985-07-10 | Multipurpose test instrument for soil strength |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85105332A true CN85105332A (en) | 1986-10-29 |
| CN85105332B CN85105332B (en) | 1988-06-01 |
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ID=4794409
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105332A Expired CN85105332B (en) | 1985-07-10 | 1985-07-10 | Multipurpose test instrument for soil strength |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85105332B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101979993A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-02-23 | 三一电气有限责任公司 | Vehicle ground mechanic parameter measuring device |
| CN102109439A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-06-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Instrument for measuring bearing and shearing properties of soil |
| CN104502226A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-08 | 重庆三贵机械制造有限公司 | Soil density detector |
| CN106198279A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-12-07 | 湖北泰和电气有限公司 | A kind of spring catch force measuring machine for quickly detecting ground intensity |
| CN109489710A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-03-19 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of Mechanical Manufacture System early warning fault test set |
| CN111579373A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-25 | 浙江礼显试验仪器制造有限公司 | Testing machine for measuring compressive strength |
| CN116718489A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-08 | 四川大学 | Deep multi-field and complex stress coupling shear test system and method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101979776B (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2012-08-29 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for measuring control dynamic shearing strain in fatigue dynamic tri-axial test |
-
1985
- 1985-07-10 CN CN85105332A patent/CN85105332B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101979993B (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2013-05-22 | 三一电气有限责任公司 | Vehicle ground mechanic parameter measuring device |
| CN101979993A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-02-23 | 三一电气有限责任公司 | Vehicle ground mechanic parameter measuring device |
| CN102109439A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-06-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Instrument for measuring bearing and shearing properties of soil |
| CN102109439B (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2013-01-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | Instrument for measuring bearing and shearing properties of soil |
| CN104502226A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-08 | 重庆三贵机械制造有限公司 | Soil density detector |
| CN106198279B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2023-03-10 | 湖北泰和电气有限公司 | Spring pin force measuring mechanism for rapidly detecting ground strength |
| CN106198279A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-12-07 | 湖北泰和电气有限公司 | A kind of spring catch force measuring machine for quickly detecting ground intensity |
| CN109489710A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-03-19 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of Mechanical Manufacture System early warning fault test set |
| CN109489710B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2021-01-12 | 河南领聚网络科技有限公司 | Early warning fault detection equipment for machine manufacturing system |
| CN111579373B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-04-16 | 浙江礼显试验仪器制造有限公司 | Testing machine for measuring compressive strength |
| CN111579373A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-25 | 浙江礼显试验仪器制造有限公司 | Testing machine for measuring compressive strength |
| CN116718489A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-08 | 四川大学 | Deep multi-field and complex stress coupling shear test system and method |
| CN116718489B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-10-24 | 四川大学 | Deep multi-field and complex stress coupling shear test system and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85105332B (en) | 1988-06-01 |
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