CN85104149A - The Active RC simulation LC ladder-type filter of a kind of employing negative impedance converter (NIC) - Google Patents
The Active RC simulation LC ladder-type filter of a kind of employing negative impedance converter (NIC) Download PDFInfo
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- CN85104149A CN85104149A CN 85104149 CN85104149A CN85104149A CN 85104149 A CN85104149 A CN 85104149A CN 85104149 CN85104149 CN 85104149 CN 85104149 A CN85104149 A CN 85104149A CN 85104149 A CN85104149 A CN 85104149A
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Abstract
The Active RC of a kind of employing negative impedance converter (NIC) simulation LC ladder-type filter, it and RC passive network in conjunction with realize that band is logical, low pass and high pass filter, working stability is reliable, has maximum dynamic range, the use parts number is few, adjusts easily, and characteristic approaches passive filter.
Description
The present invention relates to that a kind of Active RC band that constitutes with discrete component or thin film integrated circuit is logical, low pass and high pass filter.When adopting transistor analogue active element, can realize high frequency filter, belong to basic electronic circuit.
Active RC filter is that Lin Weier (LinVill) proposed first in 1954.It has realized active RC filter with the method for the comprehensive transfger impedance of negative impedance converter (NIC), but because the restriction of technical merit at that time, the characteristic of active element can not be done desirablely, so the higher order filter performance of making is very unstable, again since at that time active element cost an arm and a leg, so the method that realizes filter with NIC is by negative.
In recent years, along with the reduction of the cost and price of active element, use a plurality of NIC simulation LC ladder-type filters to become and be easy to realize that its characteristic and stability all can be done finely.Therefore the problem of simulating LC filtering with the Active RC of NIC receives scientist's concern again.Thematic at this point, various countries have delivered many valuable articles and patent documentation.Now give comprehensive brief commentary at these documents:
Document (1～3) has been introduced under same conversion the method with different frequency-dependent negative resistor resistance parallel operation (FDNIC) breadboardin ladder networks, though this method can will contain the network transformation of L, C, R element for only containing the network of R, C element, but its shortcoming is: be difficult to improve circuit characteristic by adjusting the FDNIC circuit, it is not suitable for narrow band filter.
Document (5) introduced with NIC breadboardin L element or FDNR element directly replace prototype LC network or frequently become after R, D network, the advantage of this scheme is that the realization means are simple.But when realizing band pass filter, the NIC circuit can not satisfy reliable stable condition, can not reach maximum dynamic range, and active element uses manyly, therefore also lacks practical value.
Document (6) has been introduced a kind of new method of the NIC of analysis circuit, can the amplitude characteristic of NIC circuit be compensated in the full range band by adjusting parameter ε, thereby be applicable to high-frequency range, in addition, give the NIC circuit that constitutes with three transistors in the literary composition, as seen use the NIC circuit and still all coming superiorly aspect the characteristic of improving circuit aspect the sensitivity of adjusting than employing FDNIC circuit.
In order to obtain active RC filter near ideal characterisitics, requirement reduces to minimum with the influence of active element in the analog filter, and reason is: the enhancing that back this kind influence is demarcated in the influence of the undesirable characteristic of operational amplifier and change frequently causes the bad reason of all circuit characteristics in the document (1～4).This shows, must carefully use the FDNIC circuit in the well behaved filter circuit, the circuit in the document (4) still adopts FDNIC in essence, and when realizing band pass filter, can not guarantee NIC circuit stablizing reliably under the direct current situation, and dynamic range neither be best; Use the quantity of operational amplifier also too many, uneconomical.
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the existing task of the present invention that proposes is: design and make a kind of with the RC simulation LC ladder-type filter that again have reliable stability and best dynamic of NIC as active element.This filter can overcome FDNIC circuit adjustment difficulty and the undesirable characteristic of amplifier influences big shortcoming to filter characteristic, and makes this influence reduce to minimum.This kind filter can realize that band is logical, low pass and high pass filter, and when adopting transistor circuit to realize NIC, very wide because of the NIC frequency band, it only plays " negative sign conversion " in active circuit.Thereby make the filter characteristic made very near the characteristic of Passive LC prototype filter.
Above-mentioned task is to use corresponding to the partly described scheme of the feature of claim 1,2,3 to solve.
Be described in detail content of the present invention below in conjunction with three kinds of examples:
One, accompanying drawing 1 is the NIC circuit that single amplifier constitutes, and presses the analytical method of document (6), and the conversion coefficient of this circuit is-1, so get R
1And R
2Numerical value is identical.For sake of convenience, the in-phase input end of life " a " corresponding amplifier, and the inverting input of " b " corresponding amplifier, introduced the scheme that constitutes the NIC circuit with transistor in the document (6), provided three NIC ac equivalent circuits that transistor constitutes, and realized that with this circuit the passband edge frequency is the oval low pass filter in five rank of 1MHz.
Two, accompanying drawing 2(a) be ten rank elliptic function prototype LC band pass filters of both-end terminating resistance load, accompanying drawing 2(b) is the trapezoidal analog filter of corresponding N IC, the amplifier number that its uses is identical when realizing active filter with usefulness cascade SAB method, be minimum number, the RC component number is slightly less than Cascading Methods, but performance is ideal much than Cascading Methods.
In Fig. 2 (b), 1 representative comprises a resistance and a π type capacitance section network, and it is made of jointly the electric capacity that the resistance of calibrated load and branch road 5 is in parallel.Equivalence become π type capacitance section be for the numerical value that makes RC element in the network reasonable.2 represent RC element doublet, corresponding with the LC shunt-resonant circuit among Fig. 2 (a), and the resonance frequency numerically equal in RC loop and LC loop.That electric capacity that is in parallel with the resistance of branch road 5 in conversion process by equivalence in π type electric capacity, this RC doublet and accompanying drawing 2(a) in a leftmost LC in parallel loop corresponding, its resonance frequency numerically also equates, 3 is RC network, 4 represent the NIC circuit shown in the accompanying drawing 1, play inverting function in network, wherein a, b have indicated the polarity order of amplifier.Whole active filter is zero Ω in the signal source internal resistance, and load impedance is to work under the infinitely-great condition.Thereby must add the isolation level circuit at output.
(annotate: following for convenience of description for the purpose of, with accompanying drawing 2(b) in 1,2,5 RC network N
1Expression; RC network 3 is used N
2Expression.）
Accompanying drawing 2(c) is the logical attenuation-frequency characteristic curve of the oval band in 10 rank.Its free transmission range is 3.40～5.00KHz, A
Max≤ 0.5dB.
Stopband range is 0～2.00KHz.6.50KHz～∞ .A
Min〉=60dB
The component value scope is C
Max=1834PF, C
Min=44.04PF
R
max＝876.5KΩ，R
min＝21.05KΩ
Three, accompanying drawing 3(a) be the oval LC lowpass prototype filter in 5 rank of both-end terminating load.Accompanying drawing 3(b) is the trapezoidal analog filter of employing NIC Active RC of Fig. 3 (a), it is corresponding to the elliptic function low pass filter of odd number order n, used amplifier number for ((n)/2)+1 wherein n be the odd number order of filter, ((n)/2) should get smallest positive integral.Accompanying drawing 3(c) be 5 rank oval low pass attenuation-frequency characteristic curves, its free transmission range is 0～2KHz, A
Max≤ 0.4dB; Stopband range is 2.8KHz～∞, A
Min〉=35dB, the component value scope is C
Max=1461PF, C
Min=151PF, R
Max=176.4K Ω, R
Min=54.47 Ω.
Four, accompanying drawing 4(a) be both-end terminating load 5 rank oval LC high pass prototype filters, accompanying drawing 4(b) is the trapezoidal analog filter of employing NIC Active RC of Fig. 4 (a), it is corresponding to the elliptic function high pass filter of odd number order n, used amplifier number and RC component number all with accompanying drawing 3(b) the same, the structural difference of low pass is the former with the latter R, C element are reciprocal.
Accompanying drawing 4(c) be 5 rank oval high pass attenuation-frequency characteristic curves, its free transmission range is 1.0KHz～10KHz, A
Max≤ 0.5dB, stopband range is 0～0.78KHz, A
Min〉=36dB, the component value scope is C
Max=2224PF, C
Min=846.4PF,
R
max＝609KΩ，R
min＝94.10KΩ
Below describe the method for adjustment of filter of the present invention in detail:
In general, when the amplifier unity gain bandwidth was B, if the frequency range of used filter is 0.01B, then the characteristic of filter depended primarily on the precision of RC element, loads onto circuit usually and gets final product work, did not need to adjust.
But when filter characteristic was precipitous, adjustment can follow these steps to carry out:
1, checks the operating frequency range of NIC circuit;
2, the R in the corresponding RC of adjustment and the LC shunt-resonant circuit loop makes its corresponding resonance frequency consistent with theoretical value;
3, the resistance in fine setting 3 networks is to improve circuit Q value;
4, change the parameter ε value of each NIC, make its pass-band performance meet theoretical requirement.
Good effect of the present invention is:
Adopt the Active RC simulation LC ladder-type filter of NIC logical at band, all obtain good result in low pass and the high pass filter, its characteristic significantly is better than prior art, adjusts easily, and attenuation characteristic is precipitous, and stable and reliable working performance has maximum dynamic range most.
List of references
〔1〕、Etsurc Hayahara，Proceedings of 1979 ISCAS，PP.34-35
(2), stone bridge good fortune man.Electronic communication association paper will, ' 80/11, Vol J63-A, No.11, PP822-829
(3), stone bridge good fortune man.Electronic communication association paper will.′82/4，Vol.J65-A，No.4，PP326-332
〔4〕、U.S.Patent 4.147.997
〔5〕、Bhajan Singh，Wolja Saraga，Proceedings of 1980 ISCAS，PP.113-118
(6), Li Yuanwen, Lin Feng, Lou Yue, Hu Jun, Proceedings of 1984 ISCAS.PP.642-645
Chinese in full periodical in＜electronic letters, vol 1984 years the 6th phase PP.1～5
Claims (3)
1, a kind of LC ladder-type filter of Active RC simulation comprises and contains pin network and passive RC network, it is characterized in that, active element adopts the combination of negative impedance converter (NIC) and passive RC network.
2, a kind of filter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the in-phase end of operational amplifier of negative impedance converter and the passive RC network N of trapezoidal analog circuit
1Link to each other, and the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier and passive RC network N
2Link to each other.
3, a kind of shown in claim 1 filter, it is characterized in that, the number (being the amplifier number) of negative impedance converter that the trapezoidal analog filter of its analogue active RC is adopted is as follows:
The order of its converter number of band pass filter (n is an even number) count to(for) n is (n)/2,
The order of low pass and its converter number of high pass filter (n is an odd number) count to(for) n are (n+1)/2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85104149A CN85104149B (en) | 1985-06-04 | 1985-06-04 | Active resistance-capacitance analog inductance-capacitance t type filter with negative impedance converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85104149A CN85104149B (en) | 1985-06-04 | 1985-06-04 | Active resistance-capacitance analog inductance-capacitance t type filter with negative impedance converter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85104149A true CN85104149A (en) | 1986-07-02 |
| CN85104149B CN85104149B (en) | 1987-07-29 |
Family
ID=4793660
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85104149A Expired CN85104149B (en) | 1985-06-04 | 1985-06-04 | Active resistance-capacitance analog inductance-capacitance t type filter with negative impedance converter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85104149B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104868874A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-26 | 华南理工大学 | Minus 1/2 order RL fractance circuit and design method thereof |
| CN107465398A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-12-12 | 浙江大学 | A kind of series connection dual-port negative impedance converter for signal envelope distortion compensation |
-
1985
- 1985-06-04 CN CN85104149A patent/CN85104149B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104868874A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-26 | 华南理工大学 | Minus 1/2 order RL fractance circuit and design method thereof |
| CN107465398A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-12-12 | 浙江大学 | A kind of series connection dual-port negative impedance converter for signal envelope distortion compensation |
| CN107465398B (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2020-07-10 | 浙江大学 | Series-connection dual-port negative impedance converter for signal envelope distortion compensation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85104149B (en) | 1987-07-29 |
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