CN85103140B - Railway vehicle retarder - Google Patents
Railway vehicle retarder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN85103140B CN85103140B CN85103140A CN85103140A CN85103140B CN 85103140 B CN85103140 B CN 85103140B CN 85103140 A CN85103140 A CN 85103140A CN 85103140 A CN85103140 A CN 85103140A CN 85103140 B CN85103140 B CN 85103140B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- guide cylinder
- valve
- oil cylinder
- cylinder
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 52
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The railway vehicle retarder is arranged on the side surface of a track, does not need external energy, and utilizes the hydraulic principle to automatically identify the passing vehicle speed and brake for deceleration. The dynamic balance cone valve is characterized by the diversion platform, and the dynamic hydraulic characteristic of the equipment is improved. The guide cylinder vent hole is opened at the inner side of the guide cylinder facing the steel rail. The thrust-stopping adjusting device connects the sliding oil cylinder and the guide cylinder shell to prevent thrust and separation, and the assembly height of the oil cylinder and the guide cylinder can be changed through simple adjustment, so that the retarder can be universally used for installation on the inner side and the outer side of the track.
Description
This is a kind of rolling stock speed reduction gearing that does not need extra power, utilizes automatic identification and the control of hydraulic principle realization to travelled by vehicle speed.This deceleration top is fixed on the side of track, and when the car speed through the top of slowing down was higher than specified value, the top of slowing down made car retardation to wheel brake activation merit.
In known deceleration roof construction, adopt two kinds of pressure valve forms of cone valve (seeing the GB1328086 of British patent) and globe valve (see TDJ slow down top) usually, they all are that the be stressed effect of valve spring prestress and valve seat is closely connected.When wheel presses the oil cylinder top when causing hydraulic fluid pressure greater than the pressure valve spring predetermincd tension, pressure valve is opened, and the pressure oil of sliding oil cylinder epicoele is dirty in cavity of resorption at high pressure conditions, and sliding oil cylinder gives certain pressure to wheel simultaneously, finishes the braking work done.But because the dynamic hydraulic bad characteristic of ball valve and cone valve, hydraulic oil flows too fast when opening of valves, in fact be reduced to zero by maximum flow in a flash, cause oil cylinder epicoele hydraulic fluid pressure can not keep constant, thereby to car brakeing work done instability, perhaps may when car speed is higher, cause moment braking force superelevation, the lighter vehicle of deadweight is caused derailing, jeopardize vehicle safety.In addition, known deceleration top assembled height is fixed, and can not be installed on track inboard, two kinds of positions, the outside, is applicable to that respectively wheel rim and the tread to wheel works.And known deceleration top air extractor vent is opened in the guide cylinder lower end, in use is subjected to the pollution and the obstruction of near ponding of railroad bed and silt particle easily.
Task of the present invention is the shortcoming that will eliminate in the above-mentioned prior art structure, design a kind of stable hydraulic braking characteristic that has, the more stable and safety to vehicles whose braking forces, reliable operation, be not subjected to outside contamination, and be applicable to general-duty car retardation top, the inside and outside both sides of track.
The present invention has increased the water conservancy diversion platform in the periphery of known pressure valve taper valve face, constitutes the feature of dynamic balance valve, thereby has delayed the pace of change of the flow and the pressure of hydraulic oil when opening of valves, has improved the dynamic hydraulic characteristic on the top of slowing down.Shown dynamic balance valve of the present invention with the differentiation in contrast of the pressure valve of using in the known technology on the pressure effect curves in Fig. 5, the p axle is the pressure coordinate among the figure, and the t axle is a time-base.The pressure effect curves with water conservancy diversion flat-bed dynamic balance valve shown in Fig. 5 (a) is more straight.The pressure curve of the no water conservancy diversion flat-bed conial pressure valve shown in the spherical pressure valve shown in same Fig. 5 (b) and Fig. 5 (c) is compared, pressure approximately constant at pressure valve hydraulic oil in effective acting time, slowing down, it is comparatively full to push up the braking work that vehicle is executed, and obtains good pressure regulation braking effect.The present invention is at the known setting device that has increased the sliding oil cylinder height in the flushing device that ends, not only sliding oil cylinder can be coupled together with guide cylinder, prevent that the oil cylinder accident from deviating from, and through the simple relative height that just can change sliding oil cylinder of adjusting, adapt to the inboard and two kinds of needs that install and use the position in the track outside of track with this, enlarged the field of application on the top of slowing down.In addition by increasing the air channel structure at the guide cylinder inwall, the air extractor vent turnover that gas is guided guide cylinder top into of depositing with the guide cylinder bottom, and air extractor vent is located in the face of in the crack between the guide cylinder carriage hold-down bolt of rail, not only can't see this pore after making the top of slowing down install in orbit from the outside, being of value to outward appearance beautifies, and avoided of the pollution of rainwater dirt effectively to air extractor vent, improved deceleration top mode of operation.
The embodiment shown with following accompanying drawing is described further invention:
Fig. 1, the front view on the top of slowing down
Fig. 2, the piston component partial enlarged drawing
Fig. 3, the guide cylinder cutaway view
Fig. 4, the adjustment mechanism of buffer stop partial view
Fig. 5, pressure effect curves comparison diagram
Fig. 6, pressure valve effect scheme drawing
Car retardation top as shown in Figure 1, sliding oil cylinder (1) and in-to-in piston (21) assembly thereof are housed in the guide cylinder (2) as outer hull, adjustment mechanism of buffer stop is arranged at the guide cylinder bottom, be provided with the sealed lid of anti-wearing liner (9) oil cylinder (1) (24) from the lower end closed inner chamber between guide cylinder (2) and the sliding oil cylinder (1), seal cover cap relies on screw thread to connect with oil cylinder piston (21) in the oil cylinder (1), its external diameter has the twice piston ring, cylinder cavity is divided in epicoele A and the cavity of resorption B two parts (see figure 1) oil cylinders (1) is filled with a certain amount of hydraulic oil, the space above its liquid level (26) charges into the unreactable gas (27) with certain pressure.Piston rod (7) passes seal cover cap (24), stretches out from below outside oil cylinder (1) cavity of resorption, and the adjustment mechanism of buffer stop of same guide cylinder (2) bottom is connected, and all has seal ring to realize sealing between same cylinder wall of seal cover cap (24) (1) and the piston rod (7).
It is spherical that the part that sliding oil cylinder (1) top contacts with wheel is semicircle.When being pressed by wheel, oil cylinder (1) promptly begins with respect to piston component (21) to lower slider.Because piston rod (7) enters cylinder cavity and takes up room, the unreactable gas (27) of oil cylinder epicoele A is compressed, and makes the hydraulic fluid pressure rising in the epicoele A and flows to the B chamber, and sliding oil cylinder (1) falls into guide cylinder along the lining (9) of guide cylinder (2) inwall.Oil cylinder (1) is subjected to may to do a little around its axis in the wheel extruding downslide process and rotates.After wheel broke away from oil cylinder (1) top, compressed unreactable gas (27) expanded and restores in the oil cylinder epicoele, and the hydraulic oil in the cavity of resorption B returns epicoele A through via hole (23), and oil cylinder (1) rises and gets back to original height.
Piston component (21) has two cover valve systems.
Wherein the speed valve system is subjected to the flow velocity induction of hydraulic oil to control it a speed valve plate (18), is positioned at the top in the one group of hole (23) that is evenly distributed on the piston (21).Adjustment nut (30) is equipped with in piston (21) upper end, and speed valve plate (18) is squeezed on the height that adjustment nut (30) limited by following speed valve spring (19).Use the regulate the speed principle of valve plate (18) height of nut (30) to be, when the minimum regulatory speed that vehicle gives braking deceleration with needs was depressed deceleration top oil cylinder (1), speed valve plate (18) beginning was promoted to cover hole (23) by hydraulic oil; Vehicle is lower than the specified speed contact and slows down when pushing up, and speed valve plate (18) is not fallen by the initial tension of spring support.A backhaul valve plate (20) is arranged below hole (23), be limited within the following certain distance in hole (23) by snap ring.When the hydraulic oil in oil cylinder (1) cavity of resorption B when (23) return epicoele A through the hole, backhaul valve plate (20) hides a worn-out part with hole (23), and the rise of sliding oil cylinder (1) is played buffer action.
When the car speed on contact deceleration top is lower than specified value, sliding oil cylinder (1) is depressed more lentamente, hydraulic oil is also corresponding slower by the flow velocity that epicoele A flows into cavity of resorption B, therefore speed valve plate (18) is subjected to spring (19) the pressure blind hole (23) that can not fall to fall into the overall process of guide cylinder (2) at oil cylinder (1), the hydraulic oil in A chamber all flows into the B chamber through via hole (23), resistance is very little, and sliding oil cylinder (1) does not apply application force to wheel, and vehicle is not decelerated.
Piston rod (7) inner chamber from top to bottom successively device dynamic balance valve (4), pressure valve spring (22) and spring perch (28) are arranged.The pressure valve seat (5) that is being threaded by piston (21) inner chamber has a draining passage that is connected epicoele A and cavity of resorption B in addition via its centre hole (31) and oil outlet (13).Under pressure valve spring (22) predetermincd tension promotes that dynamic balance valve (4) is closely connected and make this pathway closure with pressure valve seat (5).Constitute the pressure valve system thus, be subjected to hydraulic fluid pressure induction control.
Dynamic balance valve (4) head has a taper valve face (32), and the bottom of conical suface extendible portion connects the water conservancy diversion platform (6) that annular flat is planar, forms the pressure plane of action of dynamic balance valve (4) jointly.The ring surface of water conservancy diversion platform (6) has certain width, and perpendicular to the axis of valve (4).When valve (4) is closed, airtight by the same valve seat of conical suface (32) (5) contact as shown in Figure 2, form a gap (33) between the same valve seat of water conservancy diversion platform (6) (5) bottom surface, be communicated with oil outlet (13).
When vehicle was depressed the deceleration top with the speed that is higher than regulation, the oil cylinder (1) that glides made the hydraulic oil of epicoele A act on speed valve plate (18) with fast speed fast, and the predetermincd tension that overcomes spring (19) falls hole (23) are sealed.This moment, the pressure of oil cylinder epicoele A raise rapidly, in the compressed while of unreactable gas (27), dynamic balance valve (4) is subjected to the high pressure oil effect in the piston center hole (31), overcome pressure valve spring (22) predetermincd tension and move down unlatching, the hydraulic oil of epicoele A flows to cavity of resorption B through oil outlet (13).
As shown in Figure 6, when hydraulic oil flow through conical suface (32), see Fig. 6 (a), be V＜` with speed; ; 1`〉free jet when being ejected on water conservancy diversion platform (6) solid wall surface, fluid is deflected the Q angle at the platform place, sees Fig. 6 (b), and forms speed V＜`; ; 2` 〉, its direction and speed all change.Water conservancy diversion platform (6) produces a power compensation effect to the pressure oil jet thus, its result has relaxed the rate of change of fluid flow, thereby in epicoele A, form the selected pressure of an approximately constant, make oil cylinder (1) in the downslide process, apply an approximate unmodified resistance to wheel, the pressure effect curves is near straight, shown in Fig. 5 (a), the braking work that finish on the top of slowing down is near full, and the result has significantly improved the dynamic characteristics of deceleration top hydraulic efficiency pressure system.
There is a through hole (25) that has damping hole in dynamic balance valve (4) axle center, this hole is opened on the circular platform at valve (4) bullet top, the oil pressure of oil cylinder epicoele A is introduced the piston rod cavity that pressure valve spring (22) are housed below the valve (4), a balance part acts on the pressure on the valve face (32), the rigidity of spring (22) can be weakened with this, and and then the diameter of piston rod might be suitably dwindled.When oil cylinder (1) is pressed downslide by wheel, can reduce because piston rod (7) enters the interior additonal pressure of epicoele A that oil cylinder causes, and the additional friction merit to wheel applied is pushed up in the deceleration that reduces to be caused by this additonal pressure like this.This has further improved the top of slowing down from another aspect dynamic hydraulic characteristic makes the straight active line of the more approaching ideal of pressure effect curves.
Pressure valve spring seat (28) is fixed from following by voltage regulation screw (29).When turning voltage regulation screw (29), change the height of spring perch (28), thereby change the predetermincd tension of pressure valve spring (22), just can change the selected pressure of oil cylinder under the pressure valve opening (1) epicoele A, can adjust the specified braking force of top that slow down thus vehicle.
Bottom at guide cylinder (2) is provided with adjustment mechanism of buffer stop.The red seat (10) that ends that is positioned at guide cylinder (2) bottom connects by the same piston rod of pivot pin (12) (7).Relevant position at guide cylinder (2) sidewall has a hole, inserts and ends towards adjusting pin (11).Adjusting pin is provided with waterproof grommet.This adjusting pin end is positioned at the only top on red seat (10) peripheral annular plane, plays position-limiting action to ending red seat.The oil cylinder piston assembly set on top of slowing down is fixing with being thus connected between the guide cylinder carriage, has avoided oil cylinder (1) to recoil in the guide cylinder (2) in the working process of deceleration top or other is improperly deviate from, and has guaranteed device security work.
Can also adjust the assembled height of sliding oil cylinder (1) by adjustment mechanism of buffer stop with respect to guide cylinder (2).Fig. 4 shown should the adjustment mode a kind of embodiment.Be positioned at only that ending towards the end of adjusting pin (11) of red seat (10) planar annular top has one section half-cylindrical breach (14), the breach plane (14) that same adjusting pin (11) axis parallels is not less than adjusting pin (11) and is positioned at the only part of red seat (10) top.Make breach (14) upwards when rotating adjusting pin (11), shown in Fig. 4 (a), rely on the face of cylinder of adjusting pin spacing to ending red seat (10), and at adjusting pin (11) and end and to fill some packing rings (15) between the red seat (10), can be fixed on lower position ending red seat (10), make the assembled height of oil cylinder (1) lower, the top of slowing down is suitable for being installed in the track inboard, acts on the rim section of wheel.In contrast, make breach (14) downward when rotating adjusting pin (11), as Fig. 4 (b), and below ending red seat (10) increase some backing plates (16), can be fixed on higher position ending red seat (10), make oil cylinder (1) highly higher with respect to stretching out of guide cylinder (2), the top of slowing down is suitable for being installed in the track outside, acts on the tread part of wheel.
Both can avoid oil cylinder (1) to deviate from by the adjustment mechanism of buffer stop that the above-mentioned functions structure is formed from the interior accident of guide cylinder (2), the assembled height that also can adjust oil cylinder (1) has realized a kind of deceleration top product outside general-duty purpose in orbit to satisfy the different purposes needs that are installed on the track inboard or the track outside.
Fig. 3 has shown the vertical sectional structure of guide cylinder (2) perpendicular to track alignment.Have air extractor vent (8) at guide cylinder upper mounting bracket (3) on the casing wall between two bolt blocks of track bonded assembly.On guide cylinder (2) inwall,, have the air channel (17) of vertical direction near a side of installation bracket (3).After being positioned at lining (9) between guide cylinder (2) internal face and oil cylinder (1) outside wall surface and being installed in guide cylinder (2) assigned position, the lower end of air channel (17) exceeds lining (9) below the lower edge, links up guide cylinder (2) bottom space.Air channel (17) upper end connects air extractor vent (8) and communicates with ambient atmosphere.The oil cylinder (1) that pushes up when slowing down is when sliding up and down at work, and the confining gas of guide cylinder (2) bottom is folded to upper end air extractor vent (8) turnover via air channel (17).The rail waist that this air extractor vent slows down and pushes up in the face of installation after the top of slowing down is fixed in orbit, can not be seen air extractor vent (8) from the periphery.And utilize the casing wall dowel between installation bracket (3) bolt block to make to cover eaves, see shown in Figure 3, not only avoided silt particle ponding on the lower tracks roadbed of deceleration top to the blocking pollution of deceleration top air extractor vent, and prevented sleet or entered air extractor vent (8) by the profit dirt that falls on the vehicle through the top of slowing down.Cleaning in the top of keep slowing down increases the service life, and the appearance design that beautifies cylinder body is all benefited.
Claims (2)
1, rolling stock deceleration top, in the guide cylinder housing that fuses with installation bracket, sliding oil cylinder and piston component are housed, piston component is positioned at sliding oil cylinder, comprise speed valve and pressure valve system, cylinder cavity is divided into two parts up and down, the guide cylinder bottom has only flushing device, by ending writing off with the adjustment backing plate oil cylinder piston assembly is connected with guide cylinder, has air extractor vent on the guide cylinder; Feature of the present invention is: pressure valve adopts the dynamic balance valve (4) with water conservancy diversion platform (6), the planar annular of water conservancy diversion platform (6) is perpendicular to the axis of valve (4), be connected with the extendible portion of valve (4) conical suface (32), ending writing off adopts the end that ending towards adjusting pin (11) of one section half-cylindrical breach (14) arranged, guide cylinder air extractor vent (8) is opened on the casing wall between installation bracket (3) bolt block, the guide cylinder inwall has air channel (17), the lower end of groove is positioned under the lining (9), and the groove upper end connects air extractor vent (8).
2, according to the said deceleration of claim 1 top, it is characterized in that: end the adjusting disk (15) that is provided with some quantity between red seat (10) and the adjusting pin (11).
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85103140A CN85103140B (en) | 1985-04-27 | 1985-04-27 | Railway vehicle retarder |
| PL25918586A PL148196B1 (en) | 1985-04-27 | 1986-04-25 | Wagon retarder valving assembly |
| HU172986A HU198882B (en) | 1985-04-27 | 1986-04-25 | Automatic railway braking device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85103140A CN85103140B (en) | 1985-04-27 | 1985-04-27 | Railway vehicle retarder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85103140A CN85103140A (en) | 1986-02-10 |
| CN85103140B true CN85103140B (en) | 1986-02-10 |
Family
ID=4792989
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85103140A Expired CN85103140B (en) | 1985-04-27 | 1985-04-27 | Railway vehicle retarder |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85103140B (en) |
| HU (1) | HU198882B (en) |
| PL (1) | PL148196B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102060034A (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-05-18 | 哈尔滨四维机械有限公司 | Oil lubrication-free retarder and manufacturing method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103836209B (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2016-06-01 | 哈尔滨市特多佳调速技术开发中心 | A kind of very useful guide platform miter valve that slows down |
-
1985
- 1985-04-27 CN CN85103140A patent/CN85103140B/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-04-25 HU HU172986A patent/HU198882B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-04-25 PL PL25918586A patent/PL148196B1/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102060034A (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-05-18 | 哈尔滨四维机械有限公司 | Oil lubrication-free retarder and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102060034B (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2015-12-02 | 哈尔滨四维机械有限公司 | Oil-free lubrication decelerating and preparation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL148196B1 (en) | 1989-09-30 |
| CN85103140A (en) | 1986-02-10 |
| HUT45454A (en) | 1988-07-28 |
| HU198882B (en) | 1989-12-28 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |