CN85102661A - 取代α，β-不饱和腈用作防霉剂 - Google Patents
取代α，β-不饱和腈用作防霉剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种有机防霉剂。它对青霉素、曲霉素、根霉素、毛霉素、镰刀霉素、交链孢霉素、木霉素等18个常用霉腐试菌有明显的杀(抑)作用。它们是肉桂腈等一类稳定的取代苯基或脂肪族基团的α，β-不饱和腈制成的水液或粉剂，可应用于粮食、饲料、蔬菜、水果、食用菌以及棉纺织品、皮革制品等的贮存防霉，也可应用于杀(抑)在谷物、蔬菜、水果、食用菌等植株上的霉菌。
Description
本发明是关于一种有机防霉剂。该防霉剂可应用于粮食、饲料、蔬菜、水果、食用菌以及棉纺织品、皮革制品。
现有的防霉剂有水杨酸类，氯酚类以及有机酸和酯。但它们或者对人类皮肤有刺激作用，或者有毒性，或者防霉效果差。呋喃和噻吩环取代的α，β-不饱和腈可作为饲料防霉剂，参阅西德专利2，645，715（1978），但这两个化合物不易合成，且不够稳定，其纯品在室温下保存三天即开始变质。
本发明的目的是在于提供一种稳定、无毒、容易制造、杀霉菌谱广的防霉剂。
本发明的要点是将一类带有苯基，或取代苯基，或脂肪族基团的α，β-不饱和腈用作防霉剂，它们有如下结构：
它们可以从相应的羧酸经一步反应制备。把这些化合物加少量乙酸、乙醇或加乳化剂配成水液，或者用沸石，分子筛等载体吸附制成粉剂，即成为防霉剂。
本发明的优点在于化合物〔Ⅰ〕的合成方法简单;它们都是稳定的化合物，长期存放无变质现象;经急性毒性试验和Ames致癌试验，表明它们属于无毒类化合物;它们杀霉菌谱广，对青霉属、曲霉属、根霉属、毛霉属、镰刀霉属、交链孢霉属、木霉属等18个常用霉腐试菌均有明显的杀（抑）作用。这类防霉剂可以应用于粮食、饲料、蔬菜、水果、食用菌以及棉纺织品、皮革制品等的贮存防霉，也可应用于杀（抑）在谷物、蔬菜、水果、食用菌植株上的霉菌。
例一、取土豆和甘薯霉变样品，经分离纯化，鉴定病原为黑根霉菌。消毒样品后，回接纯种，结果对照组长霉，而加肉桂腈防霉剂的水液或粉剂的试验组，霉菌均不生长。
例二、将肉桂腈防霉剂粉剂，用纸包裹后放入玻璃瓶底，然后放入片状甘薯，一个月后，未有霉变现象。在同样条件下，未放肉桂腈防霉剂的对照组，三天后瓶内长满霉菌（黑根霉）。
例三、取大头菜黑色轮纹斑病叶，分离纯化鉴定病原菌为细交链孢霉菌。
在含有0.1%肉桂腈的防霉剂的平皿中，回接鉴定菌，不见菌株生长。
例四、在有黑色轮纹斑病害的大头菜植株，用含0.4%肉桂腈的防霉剂水液（加吐温配制）喷撒，黑色轮纹斑被明显抑制。
Claims (4)
1、一种对青霉属、曲霉属、根霉属、毛霉属、镰刀霉属、交链孢霉属、木霉属等霉菌有杀灭或抑制作用的有机防霉剂，本发明的特征在于该防霉剂是一类带有苯基，或取代苯基，或脂肪族基团的α，β-不饱和腈，有
结构。
2、根据权利要求1所述，其特征是当R′为H，R可以为C6H5-，
等芳香族基团。
3、根据权利要求1所述，其特征是当R′为CH3-基团时，R为CH3（CH2）5-脂肪族基团。
4、根据权利要求1所述，其特征是该防霉剂可应用于粮食、饲料、蔬菜、水果、食用菌以及棉纺织品、皮革制品等的贮存防霉，也可应用于抑刹在谷物、蔬菜、水果、食用菌植株上的霉菌。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85102661 CN85102661A (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | 取代α，β-不饱和腈用作防霉剂 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85102661 CN85102661A (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | 取代α，β-不饱和腈用作防霉剂 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85102661A true CN85102661A (zh) | 1986-09-24 |
Family
ID=4792663
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85102661 Pending CN85102661A (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | 取代α，β-不饱和腈用作防霉剂 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85102661A (zh) |
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1985
- 1985-04-01 CN CN 85102661 patent/CN85102661A/zh active Pending
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