CN85100483B - 超声波换能器用背载材料 - Google Patents

超声波换能器用背载材料 Download PDF

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CN85100483B
CN85100483B CN85100483A CN85100483A CN85100483B CN 85100483 B CN85100483 B CN 85100483B CN 85100483 A CN85100483 A CN 85100483A CN 85100483 A CN85100483 A CN 85100483A CN 85100483 B CN85100483 B CN 85100483B
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transducer
tungsten
piggyback
materials
carrier material
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CN85100483A (zh
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王菊珍
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Shanghai Lamp Factory
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Shanghai Lamp Factory
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Priority to CN85100483A priority Critical patent/CN85100483B/zh
Priority to JP61075367A priority patent/JPS61292500A/ja
Priority to EP86104410A priority patent/EP0196652B1/en
Priority to DE8686104410T priority patent/DE3683785D1/de
Publication of CN85100483A publication Critical patent/CN85100483A/zh
Priority to US07/140,934 priority patent/US4800316A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/002—Devices for damping, suppressing, obstructing or conducting sound in acoustic devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
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Abstract

一种适用于低频和高频超声波换能器用的背载材料，它是由含１．０～４．５％氧化铈和钨粉与绝缘胶浇制或压制而成的。采用本发明背载材料的换能器在不改变原有换能器结构和制造方法的条件下，取代原用钨－绝缘胶的背载材料取得良好的效果：在浇制的背载材料制成的发射与接收通用换能器中，可同时提高耐电压性和声衰减性，更易于实现匹配所需的声阻抗；在压制的背载材料所制成的超声波换能器中，可使其背面反射引起的噪声减至极小。

Description

超声波换能器用背载材料
本发明属于超声波换能器用的背载材料。
在超声波换能器中，对背载阻尼块的要求，首先是背载阻尼块同压电晶片或压电薄膜的结合面应有和压电晶片或薄膜同样大小（或接近）的声阻抗;使介面上不发生能量反射;其次是必须使从压电晶片或薄膜一面进入阻尼块中的声能在阻尼块中耗散，以免引起阻尼块的背面反射;同时，在以浇制的背载阻尼块制造换能器时，要求背载阻尼材料具有高的耐电压性能，以免两电极之间通过背载材料而导通，这在发射用的相控阵列换能器中尤为重要。在现有技术中，采用钨-绝缘胶混合物作为背载材料。在发射用的换能器（尤其是在发射用的相控阵列换能器）中的浇制的背载材料，要加氧化铝绝缘层。1981年4月27日申请而在1983年3月3日取得美国专利与商标局批准的美国专利第4，382，201号“超声波换能器和获取其高衰减背载材料的制造方法”提出采用钨-聚氯乙烯混合物作为高频超声波换能器的背载材料。其制备过程中将钨粉与聚氯乙烯混合物在抽真空下加热加压，并在加压下冷却，使其混合材料处于弹性压缩状态，去压后而自然膨胀，以得到高水平的声衰减性能。采用钨-绝缘胶混合物和上述方法制备的钨-聚氯乙烯混合物作为背载材料，可达到一定的性能要求，但存在如下问题：在浇制的背载材料所制成的发射与接收通用的换能器中，往往存在耐电压性与高阻尼性两者不能兼得的矛盾;出现背面反射，造成假信号;在高频（大于4.5MHz）时，噪声大。在发射用的换能器（尤其是在发射用的相控阵列换能器）中，为克服背载材料耐电压性能低的缺点，要加氧化铝绝缘层，厚度控制严格，精度为几个微米，工艺复杂。本发明的目的在于提出一种能克服上述现有技术中背载材料所存在问题的、具有高耐电压性能和高声衰减性能的新的背载材料，在不改变原有换能器结构和制造方法的条件下，取代原用的钨-绝缘胶背载材料，能够按测试的要求配比出具有各种所需声阻抗的背载材料，以提高超声波换能器的使用性能，并使其制作工艺更简便。
本发明所提出的超声波换能器背载材料系含少量其他金属氧化物的钨粉与按一定重量比例的绝缘胶相混合，以浇制或压制方法制备成背载材料。钨粉中所含的金属氧化物以镧系金属氧化物为佳，例如氧化铈。所述的绝缘胶以环氧树脂为宜。由于氧化铈为不导电材料，所以钨铈粉具有极大的电阻;而钨是导电金属，钨粉的电阻极低。以相同的试验条件进行对比试验的结果表明，钨铈粉的电阻比钨粉的电阻高三个数量级（103）。因此，采用一定重量比例的钨铈-环氧树脂的混合物所制备成的背载材料，与相同重量比例的钨-环氧树脂混合物所制备的背载材料相比较，耐电压性能有成倍的提高，适用于制造高电压发射用的超声波换能器，不会发生两电极间通过背载材料而导通的现象。另一方面，钨铈-环氧树脂混合物的介质粘滞性与钨-环氧树脂的介质粘滞性不同，具有较大的声能衰减性能，因而可用于制成高阻尼的换能器。
上述钨铈-环氧树脂背载材料的配制：钨粉中含氧化铈的重量百分比为1.0～4.5%，钨铈粉末的最大粒度为10微米。钨铈粉与环氧树脂的重量比例，应按使用要求来配比，使其声阻抗与压电晶片或压电薄膜的声阻抗相适应，其比例范围为4∶1～50∶1。在钨铈粉比例较小时，用浇制方法制备背载阻尼块;而在钨铈粉比例较大的情况下，须用压制方法来制备背载阻尼块。
在超声波技术中，使用钨铈-环氧树脂背载材料，能使超声波检测仪器使用性能提高，可满足高频超声波换能器的需要。还适用于相控阵列的换能器。
图.为超声波测厚仪探头的剖面图。
采用钨铈-环氧树脂混合物作为超声波测厚仪探头的背载阻尼块，如图所示。图中标记1是电极，2是外壳，3是导线，4是背载材料，5和7是导电薄膜，6是压电晶片，8是保护膜。其中背载材料的配比和制作方法分别是：钨粉中含氧化铈的重量百分比为2%，钨铈粉与环氧树脂重量比例为8∶1;上述材料以浇制方法制成。上述这种背载材料与相同重量比例的钨-环氧树脂混合物取同样方法制成的探头进行试验对比，其结果如下：
背载材料 钨——环氧树脂 钨铈——环氧树脂
发射电压 9V 60～90V
可测厚度 1.5mm 1.0mm
换能器合格率 30% 90%
以上试验证明钨铈-环氧树脂背载材料比钨-环氧树脂背载材料的性能好。
钨铈-环氧树脂混合物背载材料可以适用于＞5MHz的高频超声波测试仪的换能器中。
采用钨铈-环氧树脂混合物作为超声波探伤仪换能器的背载阻尼块，与采用钨-环氧树脂混合物作为换能器背载阻尼块进行试验比较，其结果：
灵敏度余量提高 10db左右（约28%）
分辨力提高 5db左右（约24%）
始波占宽缩小 5mm左右（约37%）
采用钨铈-环氧树脂混合物作为背载阻尼块的水声超声波接收成象系统的换能器，其背载阻尼块的配比和制作方法分别是：钨粉中含氧化铈的重量百分比为1.8～2.2%，钨铈粉与环氧树脂的重量比例为5∶1，用压制方法制成片块，贴在压电薄膜及刚性障板后面。与同样比例和同样制作方法的钨-环氧树脂作为背载阻尼块的换能器进行试验比较;其结果：
背载材料 钨——环氧树脂 钨铈——环氧树脂
波形脉宽 3微妙 2微妙
波形余振 12微妙 7微妙
注：钨铈-环氧树脂的噪声比钨-环氧树脂的噪声低5倍，电激励函数的阶函数比较理想。
本发明所提出的超声波换能器的背载材料适用于低频和高频的超声波检测和成象等系统。
至此，已对本发明所提出的背载材料的组成、配制方法及其应用范围作了说明。在此未加说明的，有关的专业人员能显而易见的，对本材料及其应用范围的变更均属本发明所包含的范围之内。

Claims (3)

1、一种超声波换能器用背载材料，上述背载材料是由钨粉与绝缘胶混合，经浇制或压制而成的一种混合物;其特征是在上述的钨粉中含有氧化铈。
2、根据权利要求1所述的背载材料，其特征是所述的钨粉中，氧化铈的含量为1.8～2.2%。
3、根据权利要求1所述的背载材料，其特征是所述的绝缘胶为环氧树脂。
CN85100483A 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 超声波换能器用背载材料 Expired CN85100483B (zh)

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CN85100483A CN85100483B (zh) 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 超声波换能器用背载材料
JP61075367A JPS61292500A (ja) 1985-04-01 1986-04-01 超音波トランスデユ−サ−用裏当材
EP86104410A EP0196652B1 (en) 1985-04-01 1986-04-01 A backing material for an ultrasonic transducer
DE8686104410T DE3683785D1 (de) 1985-04-01 1986-04-01 Rueckseitenmaterial fuer einen ultraschallwandler.
US07/140,934 US4800316A (en) 1985-04-01 1987-12-22 Backing material for the ultrasonic transducer

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CN85100483A CN85100483B (zh) 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 超声波换能器用背载材料

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CN85100483B true CN85100483B (zh) 1988-10-19

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CN85100483A (zh) 1986-08-13
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EP0196652B1 (en) 1992-02-05
EP0196652A3 (en) 1988-05-11
US4800316A (en) 1989-01-24
JPH0457280B2 (zh) 1992-09-11
JPS61292500A (ja) 1986-12-23

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