Background technology
Plant derives from carbon dioxide in air in the carbon source of nature autophyting growth, little algae of artificial culture autophyting growth, and carbon dioxide in air can not satisfy the demand of quick growth and breeding to carbon source far away.With a large amount of cultivation of spirulina is example, and the speed of algae liquid absorbing carbon dioxide from air approximately is 0.04mmol/m
2.min, only can provide 2.5g./m
2.d the required carbon source of output.In order to keep the pH value of nutrient solution, provide the algal grown breeding required carbon source, obtain high yield, stable yields, regardless of primary carbon source concentration, in culturing process, all need in reactor, to replenish carbonic acid gas or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO
3).Studies show that little algae is for bicarbonate ion (HCO
3 -) utilization ratio be subjected to the restriction of algae liquid pH, generally speaking, algae liquid pH value is lower than 11.0, the bicarbonate ion utilization ratio is lower than 45%, little algae is not restricted by pH for the utilization ratio that is dissolved in carbonic acid gas in the water, can 100% ground utilization.No matter, still control the pH aspect and see that carbonic acid gas has remarkable advantages than sodium bicarbonate from effectively utilizing carbon source.
Though little algae can utilize carbon dioxide dissolved in 100% ground,, do not mean that the utilization ratio of carbonic acid gas is 100% in the production process, the utilization ratio of carbonic acid gas depends on the specific absorption of algae liquid to carbonic acid gas.How in nutrient solution, to add carbonic acid gas efficiently, it is an importance of a large amount of breeding techniques of little algae always, the 70-80 age in last century is used as an engineering technology problem and studies, bubbling carbonating and " storage cover " carbonating technology can be replenished carbonic acid gas in algae liquid, and are applied in certain limit.
General duty runway formula of the little algae of large-scale farming or annular are cultured pond, algae liquid degree of depth 15-20cm." storage cover " is though the inflation technology is fit to racetrack or annular is cultured the pond, but will accounting for the 1.5-4% that cultures pool area, the area of " storage cover " could supply with enough carbonic acid gas, complex process not only, and the interception of " storage cover " impacts output.Compare with " storage cover " inflation technology, bubbling carbonating method is simple, is suitable for multiple semiclosed and enclosed bioreactor, but direct bubbling carbonating in culturing the pond can cause the waste of carbonic acid gas.It is reported, the large-scale farming spirulina, the bubbling carbonating provides carbon source, and algae liquid can only absorb 65.3% carbonic acid gas, and all the other carbonic acid gas of 34.7% are discharged in the air, have wasted.Culture other little algae, algae liquid is lower to the specific absorption of carbonic acid gas.Great amount of carbon dioxide is discharged in the air, has not only wasted raw materials for production, has increased production cost, and because carbonic acid gas is topmost greenhouse gases, the excessive emissions carbonic acid gas can increase Carbon Dioxide in Air concentration, increase the weight of Greenhouse effect, Global climate change is produced detrimentally affect.In little algae culturing process, carbon source consumption accounts for the major portion of raw materials cost, is example with the spirulina, and carbon accounts for dry weight 47%, and the carbon source cost can be up to 60% of raw materials cost.Improve the utilising efficiency of carbonic acid gas, be not only the effective way that reduces raw materials cost, and reduce carbonic acid gas, have good economic benefit and environmental benefit to airborne release.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of device of supplementing CO 2 to micro-algae culture pond.In aeration tank, carbonic acid gas feeds gas-filled valve through tubing system, enters algae liquid through the micropore on the inflation tube wall, forms small bubble, and the carbonic acid gas bubble is absorbed by algae liquid in the process of come-up.Air feeds aeration tube through tubing system, forms bubble and enters algae liquid, and under the effect of gas lift principle, algae liquid is at aeration tank and culture formation circulation between the pond, and the algae liquid that has absorbed carbonic acid gas is transported to continuously cultures in the pond.Because the depth ratio of aeration tank is cultured the dark 75cm in pond, the carbonic acid gas inflation degree of depth reaches 80cm, compare with direct bubbling inflation in culturing the pond, algae liquid has improved about 20% the specific absorption of carbonic acid gas, reduced carbonic acid gas to airborne discharging, existing remarkable economic efficiency has good benefits in environment again.
This device is suitable for replenishing when racetrack cultivation pool and annular cultivation pool are cultured various little algae carbonic acid gas.Direct bubbling carbonating in culturing the pond, method is simple, easy row, but it is little to inflate the degree of depth, and the carbon dioxide absorption rate is on the low side.At this situation, the utility model adopts the carbonic acid gas aeration tank, effectively increases the inflation degree of depth, improve the specific absorption of algae liquid to carbonic acid gas, utilize the gas lift principle, promote algae liquid and between breed pond and aeration tank, circulate, carbonic acid gas is constantly added in the algae liquid in a steady stream.
Device of the present utility model, principle, operation and result of use:
1. device of the present utility model: a kind of device of supplementing CO 2 to micro-algae culture pond, it is made up of aeration tank I district, aeration tank II district, breed pond and gas-filled valve support, it is characterized in that: aeration tank links to each other with the breed pond by I district passage by breed pond, aeration tank I district, aeration tank II district links to each other with the breed pond by II district passage, carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve one end links to each other with the carbonic acid gas pneumatic tube, and the air aeration pipe links to each other with the air pneumatic tube.
(1) aeration tank agent structure (see figure 1)
Aeration tank can be rectangle, square, rhombus, ellipse, or according to shape of culturing the pond and layout decision, aeration tank is arranged in parallel with the breed pond along its length, area is for culturing 1/500 of pool area, the concrete size of length and width determines that according to actual needs depth ratio is cultured the dark 75cm in pond.Aeration tank is divided into two from middle position by a vertical partition plate 1, becomes aeration tank I district 2 and aeration tank II district 3, and the dividing plate upper end is concordant with inflation cell wall upper limb, and the lower end forms the passage in aeration tank I district 2 and aeration tank II district 3 apart from bottom land 20cm.
The aeration tank main body can adopt Steel Concrete, or brick and concrete, or metal, or glass reinforced plastic, or the plastic or other material manufacturing.
(2) aeration tank and the (see figure 1) that is connected of culturing the pond
Aeration tank is near culturing pond 4, and aeration tank I district 2 links to each other with the breed pond by I district passage 5, and aeration tank II district 3 links to each other with the breed pond by II district passage 6.Passage 5,6 passes adjacent inflation cell wall and cultures pool wall, and cross section is rectangle, and the base highly is 23-25cm with concordant at the bottom of the breed pond, and length is slightly less than aeration tank I district 2 and aeration tank II district 3 length respectively.The relative position in aeration tank I district 2 and aeration tank II district 3 is by the flow direction decision of culturing algae liquid in the pond, and the flow position of first process of algae liquid is aeration tank I district 2, after through the position be aeration tank II district 3.
(3) gas-filled valve support
Gas-filled valve support 17 is placed horizontally at 3 bottoms, aeration tank II district, can be rectangle, square, rhombus, ellipse, or determines that according to the shape in aeration tank II district 3 area is slightly less than aeration tank II district 3, can be put into easily or take out from aeration tank.The gas-filled valve support is equipped with 4 legs 18 that highly are about 10cm for 17 4 jiaos, and the quantity of leg 18 can suitably increase according to the length of support, and the height of leg can be adjusted as required.Frame and leg are made with metal or plastics or other material, are arranged in parallel at a certain distance in the frame and lay metal strip, plastic strip or other material strips, are used for fixing gas-filled valve.
(4) carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve
Carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve and lay and see Fig. 2.
Carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve 7 is gas-filled valve support 17 upsides that horizontal positioned was evenly arranged, was fixed on to " S " or " U " shape (as shown in Figure 2).Gas-filled valve adopts commodity mipor rubber aeration tube: internal diameter 6.0-10mm, mean pore size 100 μ m or littler.The length of gas-filled valve is calculated according to following method: aeration tank II district 3 areas are 1m
2The time, 30 meters of inflation pipe ranges, aeration tank II district 3 areas strengthen, and gas-filled valve extends in proportion.
(5) air aeration pipe
Air aeration pipe and lay and see Fig. 2.
Air aeration pipe 8 is gas-filled valve support 17 downsides that horizontal positioned was evenly arranged, was fixed on to " S " or " U " shape (as shown in Figure 2).Air aeration pipe 8 adopts the common plastics flexible pipes, and internal diameter 10mm gets the aperture of the about 0.5mm in aperture equably on the tube wall, the density in hole be 10-20 individual/cm.The length of air aeration pipe is calculated according to following method: aeration tank II district 3 areas are 1m
2The time, 30 meters of aeration pipe ranges, aeration tank II district 3 areas strengthen, and aeration tube extends in proportion.
(6) carbonic acid gas airing system
Carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve 7 is connected with the carbonic acid gas airing system, and the carbonic acid gas airing system is made up of source of the gas, carbonic acid gas pneumatic tube 15, pressure carbon dioxide table 9, carbonic acid gas valve 10, carbon dioxide flow meter 11.Source of the gas can be bottled or canned commodity carbonic acid gas, also can be the carbonic acid gas that meets other source of both culturing microalgae requirement, and supply gas pressure is controlled at about 0.5 kg/cm, and flow is adjusted as required.
(7) air airing system
Air aeration pipe 8 is connected with the air airing system, and the air airing system is made up of source of the gas, air pneumatic tube 16, air manometer 12, air door 13, air flowmeter 14.Adopt air compressor supply pressurized air, the air supply gas pressure is controlled at about 0.2 kg/cm.Air flow quantity is adjusted as required.
2. principle of work (see figure 1)
(1) increases the inflation degree of depth, improve the specific absorption of carbonic acid gas
Racetrack cultivation pool cultivating microalgae, the general 15-20cm of the nutrient solution degree of depth, ventpipe is laid immediately on the pond at the bottom of, the inflation degree of depth is approximately 12-17cm, on average about 15cm, the very fast emersion liquid level of carbonic acid gas bubble is discharged in the air.Utilize the aeration tank carbonating, the inflation degree of depth reaches about 80cm, and carbonic acid gas enters algae liquid by the micropore of mipor rubber tube wall, forms small bubble, and bubble is absorbed by algae liquid in the process that slowly rises, and improves the specific absorption of algae liquid to carbonic acid gas.
(2) gas lift circulation algae liquid, transport of carbon dioxide
The gas lift effect that air aeration produces, dragging aeration tank II district 3 algae liquid upwards flows, passage through the upper end enters the breed pond, the algae liquid of culturing in the pond enters aeration tank by aeration tank I district 2 passages, flow downward in aeration tank I district 2, enter aeration tank II district 3 through the passage under the dividing plate, form circulation.The circulation between breed pond and aeration tank of algae liquid is to be promoted by the gas lift effect that air aeration produces, and frond is subjected to physical abuse drops to minimum level.The algae liquid aeration tank of constantly flowing through, carbonic acid gas just are transported in the algae liquid of culturing the pond continuously.
3. to the concrete operations of supplementing CO 2 to micro-algae culture pond
The control of pressure carbon dioxide and flow: pressure-controlling is at 0.5kg/cm
2About; Flow is according to the decision of aeration tank area, and aeration tank II district area is 1m
2The time, about carbon dioxide flow 40L/min.
The control of air pressure and flow: pressure-controlling is at 0.2kg/cm
2About; Flow is according to the decision of aeration tank area, and aeration tank II district area is 1m
2The time, about air flow quantity 60L/min.
Culturing under the algae liquid round-robin situation of pond, open aeration tank air aeration switch, regulate under meter, make air flow quantity reach setting numerical value, algae liquid circulates between aeration tank and breed pond.Open aeration tank carbonic acid gas switch, regulate under meter, make carbon dioxide flow reach setting numerical value, algae liquid absorbing carbon dioxide in aeration tank is recycled to then and cultures in the pond, and carbonic acid gas is added in the algae liquid continuously.
Behind the algae liquid absorbing carbon dioxide, the pH value descends.When algae liquid pH value drops to certain limit, stop carbonating.Concrete control pH value is in what scope, according to the physiological property decision of culturing the algae kind.
4. practical effect
Bicarbonate ion (HCO in the nutrient solution
3 -) and carbanion (CO
3 2-) be the main chemical compositions that influences nutrient solution absorbing carbon dioxide speed, under the identical situation of other condition, different carbon source concentration (HCO
3 -+ CO
3 2-) nutrient solution to the specific absorption difference of carbonic acid gas.The practical measurement carbon source concentration is respectively 4.76mmol/l and (is equivalent to 0.4g/L NaHCO
3) and 95.24mmol/l (be equivalent to 8g/L NaHCO
3) substratum, utilize the aeration tank carbonating with directly in culturing the pond carbon dioxide absorption rate of two kinds of situations of carbonating see Table 1.
Table 1 is being cultured direct carbonating in pond and the aerated specific absorption of aeration tank (%)
|
Carbon source concentration |
|
4.76mmol/l |
95.24mmol/l |
Culture pond carbonating aeration tank carbonating |
64.20 84.62 |
75.26 95.98 |
|
Direct bubbling carbonating in culturing the pond, algae liquid is 64.20-75.26% to the specific absorption of carbonic acid gas, the carbonic acid gas of all the other 24.47-35.80% is not absorbed by algae liquid, is discharged in the air.The aeration tank carbonating, algae liquid is brought up to 84.62-95.98% to the specific absorption of carbonic acid gas, the waste of carbonic acid gas is reduced to 4-15.38%, save carbonic acid gas 18.42-23.12%, has remarkable economic efficiency, simultaneously, because reduced carbonic acid gas, has good benefits in environment to airborne discharging.
Carbon source concentration (HCO in algae liquid
3 -And CO
3 2-Summation) differ under 20 times the situation, algae liquid has improved 20.24% and 20.72% respectively to the specific absorption of carbonic acid gas, illustrates and utilizes the aeration tank carbonating, is suitable for the algae liquid of various carbon source concentrations, also just is suitable for the cultivation of various algae.
This device has the following advantages:
1. improve carbon dioxide absorption utilization ratio about 20%, just reduce carbon dioxide-depleted about 20%, reduce the carbon source cost of both culturing microalgae, have remarkable economic efficiency;
2. carbonic acid gas distributes in air in the minimizing both culturing microalgae process, has good benefits in environment;
3. the gas lift effect that utilizes air aeration to produce promotes algae liquid and circulates between breed pond and aeration tank, frond is subjected to physical abuse drops to minimum level;
Floor space little (the aeration tank area have only culture pool area 1/500), device is simple, processing ease;
5. subject range is wide, is suitable for racetrack and annular cultivation pool and cultures the additional carbonic acid gas of various little algaes.
Embodiment
Below with 1000m
2Culturing the supporting carbonic acid gas inflation mechanism in pond is example, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the utility model is described in further detail.
Culture 66 meters of pond length overalls, wide 16 meters, two ends are the semicircle of 16 meters of diameters, and the centre is a rectangle, the high 35cm of pool wall, and the algae liquid degree of depth is 20cm, algae liquid total amount is 200m
3According to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 as can be known, replenish the device of carbonic acid gas and be made up of aeration tank, gas-filled valve support, carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve, air aeration pipe, carbonic acid gas airing system and air airing system, its structural relation is:
1. the structure of inflation mechanism
(1) aeration tank main body
It is that material builds up that aeration tank adopts brick and concrete, be positioned at 1/4 place of culturing pond one end semicircle, be close to the breed pool wall, be radian slightly, dark 1.1 meters, inner wide 1 meter, 2.05 meters of interior ministers, a dividing plate (dividing plate 1 that aeration tank is positioned at the middle part separates) is housed in the aeration tank, aeration tank is divided into aeration tank I district 2 and aeration tank II district 3, the relative position in aeration tank I district 2 and aeration tank II district 3 is by the flow direction decision of culturing algae liquid in the pond, and the flow position of first process of algae liquid is aeration tank I district 2, after through the position be aeration tank II district 3.Dividing plate 1 thick 5cm, dividing plate 1 lower end apart from aeration tank at the bottom of 20cm, aeration tank I district 2 and aeration tank II district 3 areas are 1m
2Aeration tank I district passage 5 and aeration tank II district passage 6 pass adjacent inflation cell wall and culture pool wall, and cross section is rectangle, and the base highly is 25cm with concordant at the bottom of the breed pond, and length is 95cm.This device is formed its feature by aeration tank I district 2, aeration tank II district 3, breed pond 4 and gas-filled valve support 17: near culturing pond 4, aeration tank I district 2 links to each other with breed pond 4 by passage 5, and aeration tank II district 3 links to each other with the breed pond by passage 6.Passage 5,6 passes adjacent inflation cell wall and cultures pool wall, and cross section is rectangle, and the base highly is 23-25cm with concordant at the bottom of the breed pond, and length is slightly less than aeration tank I district 2 and aeration tank II district 3 length respectively.The relative position in aeration tank I district 2 and aeration tank II district 3 is by the flow direction decision of culturing algae liquid in the pond, and the flow position of first process of algae liquid is aeration tank I district 2, after through the position be aeration tank II district 3.
(2) gas-filled valve support
Gas-filled valve support 17 is square, length of side 95cm, 4 jiaos of legs 18 that a high 10cm is respectively arranged, leg 18 links to each other with gas-filled valve support 17, carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve 7 and air aeration pipe 8 are fixed on the support 17, and gas-filled valve support 17 is placed horizontally at 3 bottoms, aeration tank II district, and the reinforcing bar of frame and leg 18 usefulness diameter 8mm is made, be arranged in parallel in the frame reinforcing bar of 6mm, spacing 10cm.
(3) carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve
Carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve 7 adopts commodity mipor rubber aeration tube, internal diameter 6.5mm, and mean pore size 80 μ m, 30 meters of length are " S " or " U " shape (as shown in Figure 2) and evenly arrange, are horizontally fixed on gas-filled valve support 17 upsides.Carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve 7 one ends link to each other with carbonic acid gas pneumatic tube 15, and carbonic acid gas pneumatic tube 15 successively is connected with carbon dioxide air source with carbon dioxide flow meter 11, carbonic acid gas valve 10, pressure carbon dioxide table 9.
(4) air aeration pipe
Air aeration pipe 8 adopts plastic hose, long 30 meters, internal diameter 10mm gets the aperture of the about 0.5mm in aperture equably on the tube wall, the density in hole is 10-20/cm, is " S " or " U " shape (as shown in Figure 2) and evenly arranges, is horizontally fixed on gas-filled valve support 17 downsides.Air aeration pipe 8 one ends link to each other with air pneumatic tube 16, and air pneumatic tube 16 successively is connected with air flowmeter 14, air door 13, air manometer 12 and air source of the gas.
(5) carbonic acid gas airing system
Carbonic acid gas gas-filled valve 7 is connected with the carbonic acid gas airing system, and the carbonic acid gas airing system is made up of source of the gas, tensimeter 9, valve 10, under meter 11 and pneumatic tube 15.Source of the gas adopts steel cylinder dress commodity carbonic acid gas, and supply gas pressure is controlled at about 0.5 kg/cm.Pneumatic tube 15 adopts metal tube.
(6) air airing system
Air aeration pipe 8 is connected with the air airing system, and the air airing system is made up of source of the gas, tensimeter 12, valve 13, under meter 14 and pneumatic tube 16.Adopt air compressor supply pressurized air, the air supply gas pressure is controlled at about 0.2 kg/cm.Pneumatic tube 16 adopts metal tube.
2. to the mode of operation of supplementing CO 2 to micro-algae culture pond
Open and culture the pond whipping appts, algae liquid is circulated in the pond.Algae liquid pH value 10.5 before the carbonating.Open aeration tank air door 13, regulate air flowmeter 14, make air flow quantity reach 60L/min, algae liquid circulates between aeration tank and breed pond 4.Open aeration tank carbonic acid gas valve 10, regulate carbon dioxide flow meter 11, make carbon dioxide flow reach 40L/min, algae liquid absorbing carbon dioxide in aeration tank is recycled to then and cultures in the pond, and carbonic acid gas is added in the algae liquid continuously.Behind the algae liquid absorbing carbon dioxide, the pH value descends.The pH value drops to 10.3, and the closing carbon dioxide valve stops carbonating, keeps air aeration, and the algae liquid in the aeration tank is in lasting recurrent state, closes up to culturing pond 4 whipping apptss, and algae liquid stops circulation, closes air door 13 in the aeration tank again.
3. algae liquid is to the specific absorption of carbonic acid gas
Before the inflation, record algae liquid carbon source concentration 71.43mmol/L and (be equivalent to 6.0g/L NaHCO
3), after the inflation, record algae liquid carbon source concentration 76mmol/L and (be equivalent to 6.38g/L NaHCO
3), in gas replenishment process, consume carbonic acid gas 43.25kg, algae liquid absorbing carbon dioxide 40.22kg wherein, specific absorption 93%.