CN2882114Y - Asynchronous-motor energy-saving controller for beam pump - Google Patents
Asynchronous-motor energy-saving controller for beam pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN2882114Y CN2882114Y CN 200620002367 CN200620002367U CN2882114Y CN 2882114 Y CN2882114 Y CN 2882114Y CN 200620002367 CN200620002367 CN 200620002367 CN 200620002367 U CN200620002367 U CN 200620002367U CN 2882114 Y CN2882114 Y CN 2882114Y
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an energy-saving controller for an asynchronous motor for a beam oil pump, which comprises a first switch assembly connected between the asynchronous motor and an AC power supply circuit, and a dry-load exciting capacitor connected with the asynchronous motor. The first switch assembly is connected with a driving unit which controls on/off the first switch assembly. The driving unit is connected with a computerized controller which sends on/off control signals. The computerized controller is connected with a data collecting unit that collects instantaneous current and voltage of the asynchronous motor. The AC power supply is connected in parallel a second switch assembly and an inactive compensating capacitor that are connected in series. The second switch assembly is connected with the driving unit. The utility model considers in a comprehensive way the elimination of reverse power generation and the compensation of inactive power, not only eliminates any reverse power generation of the asynchronous motor, but also takes full use of the power generated by the asynchronous motor to measure speed, and carries out compensation on the inactive power at the power-operated state of the asynchronous motor, is an optimal energy-saving way.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the oil exploitation mechanical field, relates in particular to a kind of asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device based on the isolated island generation technology.
Background technology
Beam pumping unit (being commonly called as the machine of kowtowing) is the very big oil recovery machiner of a kind of energy consumption that is widely used in the oil field system, and its electricity charge spending accounts for more than 60% of oil extraction system expense total expenditure.The energy that lifting consumed of sucker rod deadweight can reduce to theoretically and be almost equal to zero, but is not like this in actual the use.Be that the oil pumper of power has the constant torque characteristic of " by force " with the asynchronous machine, when the rotating speed of asynchronous machine rotor surpassed the motor synchronous rotating speed, the clean moment of torsion of crank was for negative, and asynchronous machine will become asynchronous generator to grid transmission, was commonly called as " fall generating ".It is frequent that asynchronous machine rotor surpasses synchronous speed, even it is heavy to adjust balance of well pumping unit meticulously, because many-sided factor affecting, " falling to generate electricity " phenomenon is almost inevitable.Produce loss in the electric energy part that the generator operating mode is sent on transformer first and second winding and feeder line, remainder then shows as the pulsating power to electric power system output.Because the asynchronous machine electricity can be not fully and synchronized, its electric energy can not utilized by electrical network fully, so this pulsating power is interference and the pollution that belongs to electrical network.Therefore, eliminate " falling to generate electricity " phenomenon and have crucial energy-saving significance.
The scheme of prior art solution " generating " problem is more, as superelevation revolutional slip motor, voltage regulator controllers, variable-frequency governor etc., but these schemes can only alleviate the degree of " falling to generate electricity ", can not thoroughly eliminate " falling to generate electricity " phenomenon, and all be not suitable for OW transformation and implementation cost height.
Prior art has a kind of employing freewheel clutch to solve the technical scheme of " falling to generate electricity ".The operation principle of this technical scheme is: when upwards pumping, clutch will drag wheel (being connected with the asynchronous machine axle), and co-rotation links together with driven pulley (being connected with sucker rod); When sucker rod descended, when decline rotating speed during greater than the rotating speed of asynchronous machine, clutch will drag wheel to be separated with driven pulley, makes asynchronous machine be in motoring condition all the time, when avoiding descending asynchronous machine fall generating, thereby improve grid supply quality, energy savings.Separate with driven pulley though this technical scheme will drag wheel, asynchronous machine still is connected with AC power, and asynchronous machine still can produce extra no-load loss.In addition, this technical scheme both had been not suitable for the OW transformation, and the once investment of grease hole is big, again because the employing gears engaged is also difficult to the maintenance of oil pumper.
Prior art also has a kind of employing asynchronous machine discontinuous power supply to solve the technical scheme of " falling to generate electricity ".The operation principle of this technical scheme is: when the actual measurement rotating speed surpasses critical whirling speed, and the operation of in a period of time, switch on of control asynchronous machine, continuation is subsequently cut off the power supply.Judge rotating speed again, too high as rotating speed, make the asynchronous machine operation of in a period of time, switching on again, continue outage subsequently ...Though this technical scheme is by discontinuous power supply, power process and regulate power-off time and the outage number of times makes the asynchronous machine rotating speed keep normal range (NR), but solution does not solve " falling to generate electricity " problem fully, the generated energy of accumulation is concentrated continually to discharge to electrical network on the contrary.In fact, like this can cause bigger harm to system and electrical network.
In the beam pumping unit asynchronous motor power factor on the low side be another bigger loss, how to reduce the loss of electric machine, improve the another key that the distribution system power factor has become oil field energy saving, for this reason, using fixed capacity to compensate on beam pumping unit is the conservation measures that domestic each elephant generally adopts.Because the load of beam pumping unit is to be the continuous varying cycles periodic load with the oil pumper stroke, so use fixed capacity to compensate existing favourable one side, disadvantageous one side is also arranged, that is: the generating effect that can make oil pumper drag asynchronous machine strengthens, and this can bring new waste of energy again.
In sum, the problem of existing beam pumping unit system existence mainly concentrates on " falling to generate electricity " and the power factor of asynchronous machine and hangs down, and has not yet to see comprehensive, effective solution.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is " to fall to generate electricity " to cause the technical problem of energy loss at prior art, a kind of asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device based on the isolated island generation technology is provided, thoroughly eliminated " fall generating " phenomenon that oil pumper drags asynchronous machine.
The further purpose of the utility model is at prior art motor power factor technical problem on the low side, carries out reactive power compensation in the asynchronous machine motoring condition stage, will eliminate " falling to generate electricity " phenomenon and reactive power compensation integrated consideration, realizes best energy-saving effect.
For realizing the purpose of this utility model, the utility model provides a kind of asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device, comprise first switch module and the open-circuit excitation capacitor that is connected with asynchronous machine that are connected on asynchronous machine and the ac power supply circuit, described first switch module is connected with its driver element that is switched on or switched off of control, described driver element and one sends the computer control that is switched on or switched off control signal and is connected, and described computer control is connected with a data acquisition unit of gathering described asynchronous machine voltage and current instantaneous value.Described computer control comprises the control unit and the soft instrument unit of serial connection, and described instrument pack is connected with described data acquisition unit, and described control unit is connected with described driver element.Further, the described open-circuit excitation capacitor excitation capacitor that is triangle or star connection.
In technique scheme, described AC power is the second switch assembly and the reactive-load compensation capacitor of a serial connection in parallel also, and described second switch assembly is connected with described driver element.Described asynchronous machine also is connected with the frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit with the pseudo-load of a series connection.Further, described frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit is the bidirectional triode thyristor circuit that many retainings are regulated, and described pseudo-load is the resistance and the electric capacity of serial connection.
In technique scheme, described first switch module is electronic pressure regulating switch and a mechanical switch in parallel, and described electronic pressure regulating switch is connected with described driver element respectively with mechanical switch.Described second switch assembly is electronic switch and a mechanical switch in parallel, and described electronic switch is connected with described driver element respectively with mechanical switch.Further, described electronic pressure regulating switch and electronic switch are controllable silicon or igbt, and described mechanical switch is an A.C. contactor.
The utility model provides a kind of asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device based on the isolated island generation technology, solves the problem that prior art exists from three aspects targetedly.One has fundamentally thoroughly been eliminated prior art " generating " phenomenon, realizes environmental protection and energy saving; Its two, utilize energy that asynchronous machine is sent out to carry out tachometric survey, make full use of the energy of prior art waste; Its three, use the compensation of automated capacitive device, improve the power factor of asynchronous machine motoring condition, realize the utility model purpose of energy saving comprehensively under various operating modes.
The present generating state stage of technical characterstic excrescence of the present utility model, on the one hand asynchronous machine is disconnected from electrical network, make asynchronous machine and open-circuit excitation capacitor form the isolated island electricity generation system on the other hand, the open-circuit excitation capacitor plays the excitation effect and produces floating voltage, make computer control can obtain the voltage and current data of asynchronous machine by data acquisition unit, thereby calculate the asynchronous machine rotating speed, can realize that therefore asynchronous machine enters motoring condition judgement constantly.Technical solutions of the utility model both had been different from the simple outage of prior art, with prior art essential distinction is arranged again with asynchronous machine axle and sucker rod clutch, not only thoroughly eliminated " falling to generate electricity " harmful effect to electrical network, and make full use of asynchronous machine by the isolated island generation technology and generate electricity and to carry out data acquisition, become " falling to generate electricity " unfavorable factor and be favourable energy, therefore farthest realized energy-saving effect.
The utility model has further proposed the optimal technical scheme with a reactive-load compensation capacitor incoming transport electric power loop, when asynchronous machine is in motoring condition, reactive-load compensation capacitor is dropped into automatically, thereby improve the power factor of asynchronous machine, make the utility model that remarkable energy saving effect all be arranged under various operating modes.When asynchronous machine was in generating state, reactive-load compensation capacitor was excised automatically, had eliminated the prior art reactive-load compensation capacitor and had made asynchronous machine generating effect strengthen, bring the technological deficiency of new waste of energy.
The utility model has also proposed the preferred version that asynchronous machine and the pseudo-load of series connection are connected with the frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit, when the rotating speed of asynchronous machine surpasses the safety critical rotating speed, automatically discharge the stored energy of asynchronous machine by the frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit, its rotating speed is reduced in the default safety critical range of speeds, solve asynchronous machine rotating speed problem out of control effectively, improved exploitativeness of the present utility model and reliability.
The utility model first switch module adopts electronic pressure regulating switch parallel with one another and mechanical switch, second switch assembly to adopt electronic switch and mechanical switch parallel with one another, the non-transient input of excision when electronic switch is responsible for current over-zero and voltage zero-cross, and excision and the voltage of electronic pressure regulating switch when being responsible for current over-zero progressively boosts to the overload rush of current of rated value when preventing to drop into from zero, inserts mechanical switch when asynchronous machine or capacitor normally move.This scheme both can have been eliminated the new heat energy consumption that independent use electronic switch operation causes, solving separately again, the use mechanical switch has the system power of reducing simultaneously again and impacts, improves system's operational reliability and further energy-saving effect owing to act frequently and the life-span finiteness problem.
The utility model has carried out appropriate design to the frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit, divides the N retaining to regulate, and control load grows out of nothing, changes from small to large, makes above critical energy constantly to be fallen by newly-increased pseudo-load consumption, has played the voltage stabilization and frequency stabilization effect well.There was the too high technical problem of voltage change ratio in self-excitation asynchronous generator, employing series capacitance C when in addition, the utility model was at shunt capacitance
AAdditional capacitive reactive power is provided, the voltage change ratio of asynchronous machine is improved, as open-circuit excitation capacitor and series capacitance C
ACooperate when suitable, can make output voltage constant substantially, play pressure stabilization function.
In sum, the utility model will eliminate down electric phenomenon, reactive power compensation and rotating speed control is taken all factors into consideration, and can eliminate the electric phenomenon that falls that oil pumper drags asynchronous machine fully, makes full use of asynchronous machine again and generates electricity and can carry out tachometric survey; Both having utilized the frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit to solve rotating speed problem out of control effectively, and can carry out reactive power compensation at the motoring condition of asynchronous machine again, is a kind of energy-saving scheme of the best.
Below by drawings and Examples, the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model preferred version;
Fig. 3 is the utility model frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit diagram;
Fig. 4～Fig. 6 is the utility model frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit working schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the utility model asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device fundamental diagram;
Fig. 8 is the utility model asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device circuit diagram.
Description of reference numerals:
The 1-ac power switch; The 2-AC power; The 3-switch;
The former control system switch of 4-; The 5-asynchronous machine; The 6-switch;
The 7-switch; 8-oil pumper mechanical system; 9-electronic pressure regulating switch;
The 10-current transformer; 11-open-circuit excitation capacitor; The 12-voltage transformer;
The 13-current transformer; The 14-mechanical switch; The 15-current transformer;
The 16-data acquisition unit; 17-frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit; The 18-driver element;
The 19-computer control; The pseudo-load switch of 20-; The pseudo-load of 21-;
The 22-DC power supply switch; 23-DC power supply and protective circuit; The 24-electronic switch;
The 25-current transformer; The 26-reactive-load compensation capacitor; The 27-mechanical switch;
The 28-current transformer; The 29-field switch; 30-first switch module;
40-second switch assembly.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the utility model asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device structural representation, and thick line is represented the forceful electric power circuit among the figure, and fine rule is represented the light current circuit.As shown in Figure 1, the utility model asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device comprises computer control 19, driver element 18, data acquisition unit 16, open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 and first switch module 30.Wherein, first switch module 30 is serially connected in the loop of AC power 2 and asynchronous machine 5, is responsible for switching on and off of asynchronous machine 5 and AC power 2; Open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 is connected with asynchronous machine 5, and when asynchronous machine 5 disconnected the back as generator operation with AC power 2, open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 played the excitation effect and produces floating voltage; Driver element 18 connects the computer control 19 and first switch module 30 respectively, and the control signal that receiving computer controller 19 sends is controlled first switch module 30 and switched on and off action; 16 voltage and current instantaneous values of being responsible for gathering asynchronous machine 5 of data acquisition unit, and send the data to computer control 19.
The utility model is according to the practical operation situation of existing asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit, operation in the one cycle period is divided into two stages: motoring condition stage and generating state stage, its course of work is: asynchronous machine 5 operates under the motoring condition, voltage and current instantaneous value when data acquisition unit 16 is gathered asynchronous machines 5 operations in real time, and send data to computer control 19; Computer control 19 is judged when asynchronous machine 5 enters generating state, to driver element 18 output control signals; Driver element 18 controls first switch module 30 disconnects, and cut-out asynchronous machine 5 is connected with AC power 2; Asynchronous machine 5 forms the isolated island electricity generation system with open-circuit excitation capacitor 11, and open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 plays the excitation effect and produces floating voltage; Data acquisition unit 16 is gathered the voltage and current instantaneous value of asynchronous machine 5 in the isolated island electricity generation system in real time, and transfers data to computer control 19; Computer control 19 is judged when asynchronous machine 5 enters motoring condition, to driver element 18 output control signals; Driver element 18 controls first switch module 30 closures, recovery asynchronous machine 5 is connected with AC power 2, and asynchronous machine 5 reruns at motoring condition; So go round and begin again, be the complete duty cycle of the utility model.
The generating state stage of the present asynchronous machine 5 of the core body of technique scheme, though this moment, asynchronous machine 5 disconnected with AC power 2, be in power failure state, but the utility model is provided with the open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 that is connected with asynchronous machine 5, make asynchronous machine 5 and open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 form the isolated island electricity generation system, open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 plays the excitation effect and produces floating voltage, so just can measure the floating voltage frequency of asynchronous machine 5, make computer control 19 obtain the operational factor of asynchronous machine 5, so can realize asynchronous machine 5 is entered motoring condition judgement constantly by data acquisition unit 16.The utility model open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 can be the excitation capacitor of delta connection, also can adopt the excitation capacitor of star connection.This shows, the utility model technique scheme both had been different from the simple outage of prior art, with prior art essential distinction is arranged again with asynchronous machine axle and sucker rod clutch, both realized outage at asynchronous machine 5 generating states, the electric energy that asynchronous machine 5 is produced can not produce electrical network and disturb and pollution, again by forming the isolated island electricity generation system of appropriate design with open-circuit excitation capacitor 11, the electric energy that asynchronous machine 5 is produced makes full use of in data acquisition, the unfavorable factor that becomes " falling to generate electricity " is favourable energy, also possess the electrical power storage function simultaneously, therefore farthest realized energy-conservation.
The utility model computer control 19 comprises the control unit 191 and the soft instrument unit 192 of serial connection, wherein soft instrument unit 192 is connected with data acquisition unit 16, be used for rotating speed and active power value according to the voltage and current data computation asynchronous machine 5 that receives, control unit 191 is connected with driver element 18, be used for judging that according to the result of calculation of soft instrument unit 192 outputs asynchronous machine 5 enters the moment of generating state or motoring condition, and send disconnection or connect control signal to driver element 18.Particularly, be in the motoring condition stage at asynchronous machine 5, soft instrument unit 192 calculates its active power value, and control unit 191 judges down that by active power value zero crossing generating takes place constantly.Be in the generating state stage at asynchronous machine 5, soft instrument unit 192 calculates its rotating speed, and control unit 191 is judged the finish time of generating electricity by rotating speed near the asynchronous machine synchronous speed.Because the utility model is introduced the isolated island generation technology, a data collecting unit 16 can be finished the voltage and current data acquisition of two state phase asynchronous machines 5, and, soft instrument unit 192 realizes that asynchronous machine is 5 electronic, the judgement of generating state by being set, adopt the rotation-speed measuring device of machinery compared to prior art, the utlity model has the control precision height, dynamic response is fast, simple in structure, system is reliable and is easy to characteristics such as realization.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model preferred version, and thick line is represented the forceful electric power circuit among the figure, and fine rule is represented the light current circuit.In optimal technical scheme shown in Figure 2, asynchronous machine 5 is connected with frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit 17 with the pseudo-load 21 of series connection.On Fig. 1 technical scheme basis, the course of work of frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit 17 is: after asynchronous machine 5 enters generating state, asynchronous machine 5 forms the isolated island electricity generation system with open-circuit excitation capacitor 11, open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 produces floating voltage to the excitation effect, frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit 17 is the floating voltage of monitoring asynchronous machine automatically, when the floating voltage of asynchronous machine is higher than default safety critical voltage, the controllable silicon conducting of frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit 17, the overcritical energy of pseudo-load consumption is reduced in the default safety critical voltage range up to the floating voltage of asynchronous machine.
In above-mentioned optimal technical scheme, the floating voltage of asynchronous machine is higher than default safety critical voltage and means that the rotating speed of asynchronous machine 5 is above the safety critical rotating speed, need to discharge the stored energy of asynchronous machine automatically, its rotating speed is reduced in the default safety critical range of speeds by frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit 17.So the utility model has solved asynchronous machine 5 rotating speeds problem out of control effectively by inserting frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit 17 and pseudo-load 21, has improved exploitativeness of the present utility model and reliability.In addition, pseudo-load 21 is made up of capacitor and resistor in series, there is the too high technical problem of voltage change ratio in self-excitation asynchronous generator during at shunt capacitance, and the utility model adopts series capacitance that additional capacitive reactive power is provided, and the voltage change ratio of asynchronous machine is improved.
In optimal technical scheme shown in Figure 2, AC power 2 also can be in parallel with a reactive-load compensation capacitor 26 by a second switch assembly 40, to be implemented in motoring condition asynchronous machine 5 carried out reactive power compensation, further improves energy-saving effect of the present utility model.Particularly, second switch assembly 40 and reactive-load compensation capacitor 26 serial connections, second switch assembly 40 is connected with driver element 18, is used to be switched on or switched off reactive-load compensation capacitor 26.On Fig. 1 technical scheme basis, the course of work that reactive-load compensation capacitor 26 drops into, disconnects is: after asynchronous machine 5 enters motoring condition, computer control 19 output control signals are given driver element 18, driver element 18 is control first switch module 30 closures earlier, with asynchronous machine 5 incoming transport power supplys 2, and then control second switch assembly 40 closures, drop into reactive-load compensation capacitor 26.After asynchronous machine 5 entered generating state, driver element 18 control second switch assemblies 40 disconnected, and at first remove reactive-load compensation capacitor 26, and then disconnect first switch module 30.The utility model makes asynchronous machine 5 also have the excellent energy-saving property energy at motoring condition by the power factor that reactive-load compensation capacitor 26 has improved asynchronous machine 5 is set.When asynchronous machine was in generating state, reactive-load compensation capacitor was excised automatically, had eliminated the prior art reactive-load compensation capacitor and had made asynchronous machine generating effect strengthen, bring the technological deficiency of new waste of energy.
In the utility model technique scheme, first switch module 30 is electronic pressure regulating switch and a mechanical switch in parallel, and second switch assembly 40 is electronic switch and a mechanical switch in parallel, is connected with driver element 18 respectively.Wherein, excision when the electronic pressure regulating switch is responsible for the current over-zero of asynchronous machine 5 and voltage progressively boost to the overload rush of current of rated value when preventing to drop into from zero, and electronic switch is identical with the electronic pressure regulating switching function except that not having the voltage regulation function all the other functions.Its working procedure is closed electronic switch of elder generation or electronic pressure regulating switch, and closed again or disconnection mechanical switch after the mechanical switch action is finished, disconnects electronic switch or electronic pressure regulating switch at last.Computer control 19 carries out next step action again by the result of the action of data acquisition unit 16 detected electrons switches and mechanical switch after the front action is finished correctly, guaranteed the reliability of system's control.Electronic switch of the present utility model is preferably controllable devices such as controllable silicon or igbt (IGBT) etc., and mechanical switch is preferably A.C. contactor.This scheme both can have been eliminated the new heat energy consumption that independent use electronic switch operation causes, and solved separately again and used mechanical switch because bringing onto load acts frequently and the life-span finiteness problem, had energy-saving effect simultaneously again.
Fig. 3 is the utility model frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit diagram.The A phase of only drawing among Fig. 3, B is mutually identical with A with C circuit mutually mutually, and branch N keeps off and regulating.As shown in Figure 3, T
ABe bidirectional triode thyristor, G
1Be T
AThe control utmost point, C
AAnd R
ABe the electric capacity and the resistance of A phase, D
1D
NBe trigger tube, C
11, C
21C
1N, C
2NBe capacitor, R
1R
NBe resistor, W
1W
NBe potentiometer, N is the neutral line.U
aBe the A phase voltage of asynchronous machine, U
1U
NGrant trigger tube D after being respectively process phase shift of A phase voltage and dividing potential drop
1D
NMagnitude of voltage, U
D1U
DNBe trigger tube D
1D
NBreakdown voltage value, U
M1U
MNBe respectively U
1U
NAmplitude, α
1α
NBe respectively U
1U
NHysteresis U
aVoltage phase angle, circuit design has α
1＜...＜α
NRelation, so U
M1＞...＞U
MNSet up.Pseudo-load 21 in the empty frame corresponding diagram 2 among Fig. 3 is by resistance R
AAnd capacitor C
AForm.
When asynchronous machine 5 rotating speeds raise, voltage U
aIncrease U
M1U
MNAlso increase thereupon.Work as U
M1=U
D1The time, trigger tube D
1At (90-α
1) locate to send pulse, bidirectional triode thyristor T
AAt (90-α
1) conducting that is triggered, the resistance R of A phase
AThe upper reaches overcurrent consumes overcritical energy, as shown in Figure 4.If rotating speed continues to raise voltage U
aFurther raise, thereby can make U
Mi=U
Di, trigger tube D
iAt (90-α
i) locate to send pulse, bidirectional triode thyristor T
AAt (90-α
i) conducting that is triggered, as shown in Figure 5.If rotating speed continues to raise voltage U
aRaise, make U
MN=U
DN, trigger tube D
NAt (90-α
N) locate to send pulse, bidirectional triode thyristor T
AAt (90-α
N) conducting that is triggered, as shown in Figure 6.That is to say, when the asynchronous machine rotating speed when the safety critical rotating speed begins to increase, bidirectional triode thyristor T
AOn trigger impulse can grow out of nothing, from (90-α
1) locate to be advanced to (90-α
N) locate, be subjected to bidirectional triode thyristor T
AThe load of control is grown out of nothing, is changed from small to large, makes above transition energy to be fallen by newly-increased pseudo-load consumption, plays the effect of frequency stabilization.
The outstanding problem that the shunt capacitance self-excitation asynchronous generator exists is that voltage change ratio is too high, and when rotating speed raise, the asynchronous machine terminal voltage increased, and being equivalent to load increases, and remains unchanged for making voltage, adopts the way that strengthens electric capacity very inconvenient.The utility model uses series capacitance C
AAdditional capacitive reactive power is provided, the voltage change ratio of asynchronous machine is improved, as open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 and series capacitance C
ACooperate when suitable, can make output voltage constant substantially, play the effect of voltage stabilizing.
Fig. 7 is the utility model asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device fundamental diagram, and thick line is represented the forceful electric power circuit among the figure, and fine rule is represented the light current circuit.Fig. 8 is the utility model asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device circuit diagram, and wherein an emphasis has been illustrated strong power part among Fig. 8.Further describe the technical solution of the utility model below by the utility model installation, debugging and running.
A, system install:
If 1 oil pumper, 8 original system asynchronous machines itself do not have reactive power compensation, then ac power switch 1 is disconnected, the utility model is inserted original system, the connection of finishing switch 3 shown in Figure 8, switch 6 and switch 7 gets final product;
If 2 oil pumper original system asynchronous machines itself have reactive power compensation, then with it cancellation;
3, ac power switch 1 is recovered closed, the original system operate as normal.
B, put into operation:
1, state before the energising
Switch 6 disconnects, and switch 7 disconnects, switch 3, ac power switch 1 and former control system switch 4 closures, and the former control system of oil pumper is work as usual, and the utility model is prepared to put into operation.
2, the utility model energising
Manual closing switch 6, the closed DC power supply switch 22 in the normal back of power-supply system, DC power supply and protective circuit 23 put into operation, and computer control 19 is started working, and enters the self check state.Fail self-test is then out of service.
3, the utility model test
After computer control 19 self checks are errorless, computer control 19 has been set at the test run mode of carrying.Computer control 19 carries out following operation automatically: closed field switch 29, and open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 puts into operation; Closed pseudo-load switch 20, frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit 17 and pseudo-load 21 put into operation; The utility model has entered and has carried test mode, and content measurement mainly comprises the control of electronic pressure regulating switch 9 and mechanical switch 14 and the correctness of current transformer 10,13 and 15 measuring-signals.After testing successfully, make electronic pressure regulating switch 9 and mechanical switch 14 be in open position, make field switch 29, pseudo-load switch 20 be in closure state, change next step over to.There is fault then out of service.
4, the utility model puts into operation
C, learning phase:
D, asynchronous machine generating state stage:
When computer control 19 judged that asynchronous machine 5 enters generating state, job step was:
1, excision reactive-load compensation capacitor 26
(I) computer control 19 is by driver element 18 closed electronic switches 24, data acquisition unit 16 feeds back to computer control 19 with the current signal of current transformer 25, explanation is closed a floodgate successfully when having detected electric current and exist, otherwise electronic switch 24 faults are described;
(II) computer control 19 disconnects mechanical switch 27 by driver element 18, data acquisition unit 16 feeds back to computer control 19 with the current signal of current transformer 28, explanation disconnects successfully when detecting no current and exist, otherwise mechanical switch 27 faults are described;
(III) computer control 19 disconnects electronic switch 24 by driver element 18, data acquisition unit 16 feeds back to computer control 19 with the current signal of current transformer 25, explanation disconnects successfully when detecting no current and exist, otherwise electronic switch 24 faults are described.
Above-mentioned only for one group of reactive-load compensation capacitor process of excision, then repeat above-mentioned steps when organizing more.
2, excision asynchronous machine 5
(I) computer control 19 is by the driver element 18 electronic pressure regulating switch 9 that closes, data acquisition unit 16 feeds back to computer control 19 with the current signal of current transformer 10, explanation is closed a floodgate successfully when having detected electric current and exist, otherwise electronic pressure regulating switch 9 faults are described;
(II) computer control 19 disconnects mechanical switch 14 by driver element 18, data acquisition unit 16 feeds back to computer control 19 with the current signal of current transformer 15, explanation disconnects successfully when detecting no current and exist, otherwise mechanical switch 14 faults are described;
(III) computer control 19 disconnects electronic pressure regulating switch 9 by driver element 18, data acquisition unit 16 feeds back to computer control 19 with the current signal of current transformer 10, explanation switch 9 disconnects successfully when detecting no current and exist, otherwise electronic pressure regulating switch 9 faults are described.
3, computer control 19 judges that asynchronous machine 5 enters motoring condition constantly
After asynchronous machine 5 withdraws from from electrical network, asynchronous machine 5 enters unloaded generating state, and its part potential energy is become the kinetic energy of rotation, open-circuit excitation capacitor 11 provides open-circuit excitation, by oil pumper mechanical system 8, asynchronous machine 5, former control system switch 4, switch 7, field switch 29 and open-circuit excitation capacitor group 11 form the isolated island electricity generation system, simultaneously by current transformer 13, voltage transformer 12, data acquisition unit 16 and computer control 19 composition data acquisition systems, gather the voltage and current instantaneous value of asynchronous machine 5, satisfy the parameter of power on condition according to cycle of voltage and current or frequency at line computation asynchronous machine 5, promptly asynchronous machine 5 is in the time and the starting point of motoring condition.
4, asynchronous machine 5 safety critical rotating speeds and safety critical voltage control
After the floating voltage of asynchronous machine 5 is set up, frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit 17 is the floating voltage of monitoring asynchronous machine 5 automatically, when being higher than safety critical voltage, the controllable silicon conducting of frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit 17, pseudo-load 21 consumes overcritical energy, discharge the stored energy of asynchronous machine 5, the voltage of asynchronous machine 5 is reduced in the safety critical voltage range, that is: the rotating speed of asynchronous machine 5 is reduced in the safety critical range of speeds.When the floating voltage of asynchronous machine was reduced in the default safety critical voltage range, the controllable silicon of frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit turn-offed.
5, when computer control 19 judges that asynchronous machine 5 enters motoring condition, the utility model will change the operation of asynchronous machine motoring condition stage over to, and the utility model was out of service when fault was arranged.
E, asynchronous machine motoring condition stage:
When computer control 19 judged that asynchronous machine 5 enters motoring condition, the utility model job step was:
1, drops into asynchronous machine 5
(I) computer control 19 is by driver element 18 closed electronic pressure regulating switches 9, electronic pressure regulating switch 9 progressively increases voltage up to rated value by changing trigger angle, the current signal of current transformer 10 feeds back to computer control 19 through data acquisition unit 16, explanation is closed a floodgate successfully when having detected electric current and existing, otherwise electronic pressure regulating switch 9 faults are described;
(II) computer control 19 is by driver element 18 closed mechanical switchs 14, the current signal of current transformer 15 feeds back to computer control 19 through data acquisition unit 16, explanation is closed a floodgate successfully when having detected electric current and existing, otherwise mechanical switch 14 faults are described;
(III) computer control 19 disconnects electronic pressure regulating switch 9 by driver element 18, the current signal of current transformer 10 feeds back to computer control 19 through data acquisition unit 16, the explanation switch disconnects successfully when detecting no current and existing, otherwise electronic pressure regulating switch 9 faults are described.
2, drop into reactive-load compensation capacitor 26
(I) computer control 19 is by driver element 18 closed electronic switches 24, the current signal of current transformer 25 feeds back to computer control 19 through data acquisition unit 16, explanation is closed a floodgate successfully when having detected electric current and existing, otherwise electronic switch 24 faults are described;
(II) computer control 19 is by driver element 18 closed mechanical switchs 27, the current signal of current transformer 28 feeds back to computer control 19 through data acquisition unit 16, explanation is closed a floodgate successfully when having detected electric current and existing, otherwise mechanical switch 27 faults are described;
(III) computer control 19 disconnects electronic switch 24 by driver element 18, the current signal of current transformer 25 feeds back to computer control 19 through data acquisition unit 16, explanation disconnects successfully when detecting no current and existing, otherwise electronic switch 24 faults are described.
Above-mentioned only for dropping into one group of reactive-load compensation capacitor process, then repeat above-mentioned steps when organizing more.
3, computer control 19 judges that asynchronous machine 5 enters motoring condition constantly
F, the utility model are out of service
Cut-off switch 6 and switch 7, Closing Switch 3, the utility model is out of service, and the former control system of oil pumper works independently.
In service at the utility model, switch fault can be arranged to fault alarm, and it is out of service also can be arranged to the utility model, or the back the utility model of reporting to the police is out of service, but no matter is arranged to which kind of action, and original system all can normally move.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the explanation the technical solution of the utility model, although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement the technical solution of the utility model, and not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solutions of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device, it is characterized in that, comprise first switch module and the open-circuit excitation capacitor that is connected with asynchronous machine that are connected on asynchronous machine and the ac power supply circuit, described first switch module is connected with its driver element that is switched on or switched off of control, described driver element and one sends the computer control that is switched on or switched off control signal and is connected, and described computer control is connected with a data acquisition unit of gathering described asynchronous machine voltage and current instantaneous value.
2. asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described computer control comprises the control unit and the soft instrument unit of serial connection, and described soft instrument unit is connected with described data acquisition unit, and described control unit is connected with described driver element.
3. asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described AC power is the second switch assembly and the reactive-load compensation capacitor of a serial connection in parallel also, and described second switch assembly is connected with described driver element.
4. asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described asynchronous machine also connects the pseudo-load and the frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit of a series connection.
5. asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described frequency-and voltage-stabilizing circuit is the bidirectional triode thyristor circuit that many retainings are regulated.
6. asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described pseudo-load is the resistance and the electric capacity of serial connection.
7. asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first switch module is electronic pressure regulating switch and a mechanical switch in parallel, and described electronic pressure regulating switch is connected with described driver element respectively with mechanical switch.
8. asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described second switch assembly is electronic switch and a mechanical switch in parallel, and described electronic switch is connected with described driver element respectively with mechanical switch.
9. asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described open-circuit excitation capacitor is the excitation capacitor of triangle or star connection.
10. as claim 7 or 8 described asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit energy-saving control devices, it is characterized in that described electronic pressure regulating switch and electronic switch are controllable silicon or igbt, described mechanical switch is an A.C. contactor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200620002367 CN2882114Y (en) | 2006-02-17 | 2006-02-17 | Asynchronous-motor energy-saving controller for beam pump |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200620002367 CN2882114Y (en) | 2006-02-17 | 2006-02-17 | Asynchronous-motor energy-saving controller for beam pump |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2882114Y true CN2882114Y (en) | 2007-03-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200620002367 Expired - Fee Related CN2882114Y (en) | 2006-02-17 | 2006-02-17 | Asynchronous-motor energy-saving controller for beam pump |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2882114Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100411299C (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2008-08-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Energy-saving control method and apparatus for asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit |
| CN101540582B (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2010-08-25 | 邹晨光 | Motor economic operation controller |
-
2006
- 2006-02-17 CN CN 200620002367 patent/CN2882114Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100411299C (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2008-08-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Energy-saving control method and apparatus for asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit |
| CN101540582B (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2010-08-25 | 邹晨光 | Motor economic operation controller |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20070321 Termination date: 20100217 |