CN105553338B - A kind of soft-starting method of MW - Google Patents

A kind of soft-starting method of MW Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105553338B
CN105553338B CN201510912476.7A CN201510912476A CN105553338B CN 105553338 B CN105553338 B CN 105553338B CN 201510912476 A CN201510912476 A CN 201510912476A CN 105553338 B CN105553338 B CN 105553338B
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China
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starting
motor
resistance
regulatable reactor
rotor loop
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CN105553338A (en
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常雨芳
黄文聪
徐操
肖义平
王栗
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Hubei University of Technology
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Hubei University of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/26—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor
    • H02P1/34—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor by progressive reduction of impedance in secondary circuit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention disclose a kind of soft-starting method of MW, and this method is connected resistance, electric capacity and a REgulatable reactor being connected in parallel in MW rotor loop.Starting starts, and resistance is maximum, and electric current flows through from resistance and electric capacity, which increase starting torque and improve starting power factor, with the increase of motor speed, gradually by turning down greatly, the equiva lent impedance in rotor loop reduces the induction reactance of REgulatable reactor, when REgulatable reactor impedance is reduced to minimum, the resistive short connected in rotor loop is equivalent to, in this case, motor starting terminates, capacitor branches are opened a way, and motor enters running status.The present invention can overcome rotor loop classification convert resistance caused by starting torque is discontinuous, starting process is unsmooth, classification convert resistance when exist cranking current pulse, it is multiple switching switch contact control reliability difference the shortcomings of, there is good application effect.

Description

A kind of soft-starting method of MW
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of induction conductivity soft start field, turns more particularly to a kind of MW The starting method of the big torque High Power Factor of the continuous smooth adjustment impedance of sub-loop series winding.
Background technology
The state of motor mainly has three starting, speed governing, braking states, wherein braking is the inverse process of starting process, And start the only stage which must be passed by for being motor into speed governing state.When motor across-the-line starting, caused high current is to power network, electricity Motivation and driven equipment harm are huge, are likely to result in protective relaying maloperation and make, automatically control the failures such as failure, use soft start Device, influence and harm caused by motor across-the-line starting can be avoided.It is very heavy although motor starting procedure is short Will.
At present, Motor Soft-start Technique is broadly divided into three kinds of reduced voltage starting, pressure regulation starting, varying frequency starting modes.Decompression Start mode includes：Self-coupling voltage reducing, string graded resistance decompression etc.；Pressure regulation start mode includes：String water resistance starting, main circuit string Thyristor alternating-current regulating circuit starts, based on variable reactor soft start etc.；Varying frequency starting includes：Grading variable-frequency soft starting, change Frequency device soft start etc..By taking several typical soft-start modes as an example, self-coupling voltage reducing and string graded resistance soft-start by lowering voltage are present The secondary or repeat impact of streaming current, and mutation be present in starting torque；String water resistance starting starting current and torque can the companies of realization Continuous smooth adjustment, but water resistance temperature in starting process can raise, it is impossible to and continuous to start, use occasion is easily affected by temperature； Main circuit shish-kebab brake tube regulating circuit starts, although terminal voltage of motor continuously adjustable, has harmonic pollution；Based on variable Reactor soft-start mode continuously adjustable terminal voltage of motor, starting current is smaller, and power electronic devices is in variable reactance The secondary winding side of device, can be effectively isolated harmonic pollution, and cost performance is higher, powerful flexible starter for electric motor in being used in； Grading variable-frequency soft starting starting torque is big, but torque pulsation be present；Frequency converter is mainly used as motor speed adjusting, in soft start Cost performance is relatively low, and fragile, inconvenient maintenance.In actual use, it is adapted to generally according to different loadtypes, selection Start mode.
For MW, frequently with start mode have two kinds, one kind is rotor loop string resistance device Start, another kind is that rotor loop string frequency sensitive resistor starts.First method starting torque is big, and starting current is limited System, in order to obtain bigger starting torque in whole starting process, rotor loop can serial graded resistance, in starting process Classification excision starting resistance.This method starting torque is big, is adapted to heavy-load start, and shortcoming is classification excision resistance, and starting is unsmooth, Contact control reliability is poor.Second method can overcome classification excision resistance, starting in the starting of series resistor device unsmooth, tactile The shortcomings of point control reliability difference.Rotor loop string frequency sensitive resistor, which starts to have, starts smooth, simple in construction, non-contact electric, fortune The advantages that row is reliable, easy to maintenance, but the quick resistance of frequency has certain coil reactance, and power factor is relatively low, and starting torque is small, fits Together in motor light start.
At present, the research to motor soft start device is concentrated mainly on limitation starting current, improves starting torque, shortens Starting time, the power factor in raising starting process, suppress harmonic pollution etc..This patent from limitation starting current, carry High starting torque, improve starting process in power factor angle set out, it is proposed that a kind of MW it is soft Starting method.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：The problem of in order to overcome prior art to exist, there is provided a kind of coiling turns The soft-starting method of sub- induction conductivity, the electricity for a parallel connection of being connected in MW rotor loop Resistance, electric capacity and REgulatable reactor.Moment is started, rotor frequency is high, and resistance is maximum, and maximum current is from resistance and electric capacity stream Cross, which increase starting torque and starting power factor is improved, with the increase of motor speed, dynamic regulation regulative reactance The induction reactance of device, the induction reactance of REgulatable reactor is set the equiva lent impedance for being connected on rotor loop is substantially reduced gradually by turning down greatly, rise Dynamic torque smooth change, work as proceed-to-send, REgulatable reactor impedance is reduced to minimum, is equivalent to the resistance connected in rotor loop Short circuit, in this case, motor starting terminate, and capacitor enters running status equivalent to open circuit, motor.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of soft-starting method of MW, its feature exist In：
（1）Series resistance, capacitor and REgulatable reactor parallel circuit, pass through on MW rotor The impedance of regulation REgulatable reactor is serially connected in the equiva lent impedance of MW rotor loop to adjust, to realize electricity The soft start of motivation；
（2）Electric current and voltage in detection motor starting procedure in real time, according to detection starting current, voltage, and intelligently Optimized parameter estimation model is calculated, foundation is provided for parameter type selecting and Intelligent adjustment reactance value；
（3）Starting starts, rotor string resistance and capacitor start, and this improves the power in starting torque and starting process Factor；
（4）Proceed-to-send, REgulatable reactor induction reactance is equivalent to the resistive short in rotor loop close to zero, electronic Machine enters running status.
The soft-starting method of MW as described above, it is characterised in that：Can using single-chip microcomputer control The triggering of power electronic devices in reactor secondary winding is adjusted to adjust the induction reactance of REgulatable reactor first winding, so as to change string The equiva lent impedance being associated in motor rotor loop, the continuously smooth regulation of impedance is realized, overcome what classification convert resistance was brought Starting torque changes discontinuous defect.
The soft-starting method of MW as described above, it is characterised in that：Realize that induction conductivity turns The regulation of sub-loop equiva lent impedance, the controller that condenser capacity calculates, resistance sizes calculate are single-chip microcomputer, motor starting state Display sets with control parameter and uses touch-screen.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art：
（1）In starting process, in the absence of mechanical switch or switching electrical switches graded resistance, starting process is smooth, does not deposit In contact the problem of control reliability difference.
（2）The cranking current pulse phenomenon brought in the absence of classification convert resistance.
（3）Rotor loop equivalent resistance continuously adjustabe, starting torque are continuous.
（4）In starting process, capacitor provides reactive power, improves the power factor in starting process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the MW soft-starting method structure chart of the present invention.
In Fig. 1：1. three phase network；2. breaker；3. voltage and current sensing means；4. wound-rotor induction moves Machine；5. capacitor；6. resistance；7. REgulatable reactor；8. power electronic devices；9. controller.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is furture elucidated, but the present invention Content is not limited solely to the following examples.Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, these The equivalent form of value is equally within the scope of claims listed by the application limit.
A kind of MW soft-starting method provided by the invention is：Turn in MW Resistance, electric capacity and the REgulatable reactor of one parallel connection of series connection in sub-loop.Starting starts, and resistance is maximum, electric current from Resistance and electric capacity flow through, and which increase starting torque and improve starting power factor, adjustable with the increase of motor speed Gradually by turning down greatly, equiva lent impedance in rotor loop reduces the induction reactance of reactor, when REgulatable reactor impedance is reduced to minimum, The resistive short connected in rotor loop is equivalent to, in this case, motor starting terminates, and capacitor is equivalent to open circuit, electricity Motivation enters running status.It is specific as follows：
（1）Motor starting starts, and resistor resistance is maximum, and electric current flows through from resistance and electric capacity, motor starting torque Greatly, and capacitor provides reactive power for motor, and starting power factor is high.
（2）Controller detects starting voltage and electric current in real time, triggers power electronic devices in REgulatable reactor secondary winding Conducting, so as to control the induction reactance of REgulatable reactor first winding.
（3）Consecutive variations, change are serially connected in induction electric machine rotor and returned REgulatable reactor first winding induction reactance from big to small Equiva lent impedance in road, equiva lent impedance continuously smooth from large to small, motor smooth starting, starting torque consecutive variations, rise Streaming current is without impact.
（4）When proceed-to-send, REgulatable reactor first winding equivalent inductive reactance is zero, equivalent to will be concatenated in rotor loop Resistive short, motor starting finishes, and into running status, capacitor can access power network, does the idle work(of running status Rate compensates.
（5）To obtain the most short starting time, resistance, electric capacity, the reactance parameter being serially connected in motor rotor loop can To carry out optimized parameter estimation.
（6）Optimized parameter estimates that model is：The integration of the difference of electromagnetic torque and load torque obtains maximum, starting current No more than limits value, maximum starting torque sets according to loadtype or turned no more than the maximum allowed on motor rotary shaft Square.
（7）Controller solves optimized parameter estimation model according to system optimizing control, and acquisition is connected in rotor loop Resistance, electric capacity, reactance parameter, provide foundation for parameter type selecting and Intelligent adjustment reactance value.
（8）Motor starting status display is set with control parameter and realized using touch-screen.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Figure 1：Present invention employs in MW rotor loop series resistor, electric capacity and adjustable The structure of reactor, to replace rotor loop to be classified convert resistance structure, it can so overcome classification convert resistance start mode The defects of existing starting is unsmooth, contact control reliability difference.System includes three phase network 1；Breaker 2；Voltage and electric current Detection means 3；MW 4；Capacitor 5；Resistance 6；REgulatable reactor 7；Power electronic devices 8；Controller 9 Control is realized in the device of composition, the starting to MW 4.
MW starting system structure chart according to Fig. 1, in motor rotor circuit in series electricity The parallel circuit that resistance, electric capacity, regulative reactance are formed, starting start, and electric current is flowed through by resistance and capacitor, motor starting torque Greatly, it is suitable for heavy-load start, the reactive power required for motor is provided by capacitor, and power factor is high；As motor turns The rise of speed, controller adjust the Trigger Angle of the power electronic devices in REgulatable reactor secondary winding, change REgulatable reactor The induction reactance of first winding, so as to change the equiva lent impedance being serially connected in motor rotor loop, make the descending company of equiva lent impedance Continuous change, motor starting torque can consecutive variations, starting current is without impact, and No-contact switch controls in starting process, control Reliability is high；When motor speed reaches rated value, starting is completed, and REgulatable reactor induction reactance is zero, equivalent to rotor loop string The resistive short of connection, starting resistance excision, motor enter running status.Capacitor in starting process is switched to be electronic Machine operation provides reactive power, does reactive power in-situ compensation and uses.
In the controls, controller also assume responsibility for optimized parameter and estimate in addition to controlling the triggering of power electronic devices The work of meter, solve optimized parameter estimation model using system optimizing control, obtain resistance, the electricity being connected in rotor loop Hold, reactance parameter, foundation is provided for parameter type selecting and Intelligent adjustment reactance value.
The present invention uses touch-screen using single-chip microcomputer as controller, human-computer interaction interface, can intuitively observe starting Electric current and motor speed, and the convenient automaticity changed control parameter, whole soft start control system can be improved.
The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field.

Claims (3)

  1. A kind of 1. soft-starting method of MW, it is characterised in that：
    (1) series resistance, capacitor and REgulatable reactor parallel circuit on MW rotor, pass through regulation The impedance of REgulatable reactor is serially connected in the equiva lent impedance of MW rotor loop to adjust, to realize motor Soft start；
    (2) electric current and voltage in motor starting procedure are detected in real time, according to detection starting current, voltage, and intelligence computation Optimized parameter estimates model, and foundation is provided for parameter type selecting and Intelligent adjustment reactance value；
    (3) start and start, rotor string resistance and capacitor start, this improve power in starting torque and starting process because Number；
    (4) proceed-to-send, REgulatable reactor induction reactance are equivalent to close to zero and enter the resistive short in rotor loop, motor Enter running status；Methods described specific implementation process includes：
    1) motor starting starts, and resistor resistance is maximum, and electric current flows through from resistance and electric capacity, and motor starting torque is big, and Capacitor provides reactive power for motor, and starting power factor is high；
    2) controller detects starting voltage and electric current in real time, triggers leading for power electronic devices in REgulatable reactor secondary winding It is logical, so as to control the induction reactance of REgulatable reactor first winding；
    3) consecutive variations, change are serially connected in induction conductivity rotor loop REgulatable reactor first winding induction reactance from big to small Equiva lent impedance, equiva lent impedance continuously smooth from large to small, motor smooth starting, starting torque consecutive variations, starting current Without impact；
    4) when proceed-to-send, REgulatable reactor first winding equivalent inductive reactance is zero, equivalent to the electricity that will be concatenated in rotor loop Resistance short circuit, motor starting is finished, and into running status, capacitor can access power network, and the reactive power for doing running status is mended Repay；
    5) to obtain the most short starting time, the resistance being serially connected in motor rotor loop, electric capacity, reactance parameter can be carried out Optimized parameter is estimated；
    6) optimized parameter estimation model is：The integration of the difference of electromagnetic torque and load torque obtains maximum, and starting current can not More than limits value, maximum starting torque sets according to loadtype or no more than the torque capacity allowed on motor rotary shaft；
    7) controller solves optimized parameter estimation model according to system optimizing control, obtains the electricity being connected in rotor loop Resistance, electric capacity, reactance parameter, foundation is provided for parameter type selecting and Intelligent adjustment reactance value.
  2. 2. the soft-starting method of MW according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Using single-chip microcomputer The triggering of power electronic devices adjusts the induction reactance of REgulatable reactor first winding in control REgulatable reactor secondary winding, so as to Change the equiva lent impedance being connected in motor rotor loop, realize the continuously smooth regulation of impedance, overcome classification convert resistance The starting torque brought changes discontinuous defect.
  3. 3. the soft-starting method of MW according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Realize induced electricity The regulation of motivation rotor loop equiva lent impedance, the controller that condenser capacity calculates, resistance sizes calculate are single-chip microcomputer, and motor rises Dynamic status display is set with control parameter uses touch-screen.
CN201510912476.7A 2015-12-11 2015-12-11 A kind of soft-starting method of MW Expired - Fee Related CN105553338B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105897096A (en) * 2016-06-14 2016-08-24 上海电机学院 Automatic adjustment reactor for high-voltage motor starting and adjustment method of automatic adjustment reactor
CN109889123B (en) * 2019-03-12 2024-04-02 洛阳理工学院 Control system and control method for improving power factor of wound-rotor asynchronous motor

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CN1043233A (en) * 1988-12-10 1990-06-20 柳州市起重机厂 The method and the device thereof of wound-rotor motor starting and speed governing
CN202285382U (en) * 2011-10-28 2012-06-27 武汉理工大学 Self-coupling magnetic control reactance soft-starting device for super-power high-voltage motor
CN103023391A (en) * 2012-12-13 2013-04-03 武汉理工大学 Soft-starting current-limiting compensation and harmonic filtering integration method of high-voltage high-power motor

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JPH09131082A (en) * 1995-11-02 1997-05-16 Takeaki Kukihara Secondary cr control of induction motor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1043233A (en) * 1988-12-10 1990-06-20 柳州市起重机厂 The method and the device thereof of wound-rotor motor starting and speed governing
CN202285382U (en) * 2011-10-28 2012-06-27 武汉理工大学 Self-coupling magnetic control reactance soft-starting device for super-power high-voltage motor
CN103023391A (en) * 2012-12-13 2013-04-03 武汉理工大学 Soft-starting current-limiting compensation and harmonic filtering integration method of high-voltage high-power motor

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Inventor after: Chang Yufang

Inventor after: Chen Shuqiang

Inventor after: Huang Wencong

Inventor after: Xu Cao

Inventor after: Xiao Yiping

Inventor after: Wang Su

Inventor before: Chang Yufang

Inventor before: Huang Wencong

Inventor before: Xu Cao

Inventor before: Xiao Yiping

Inventor before: Wang Li

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Granted publication date: 20171208

Termination date: 20181211