CN105553338A - Soft start method of wound rotor induction motor - Google Patents
Soft start method of wound rotor induction motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105553338A CN105553338A CN201510912476.7A CN201510912476A CN105553338A CN 105553338 A CN105553338 A CN 105553338A CN 201510912476 A CN201510912476 A CN 201510912476A CN 105553338 A CN105553338 A CN 105553338A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/26—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor
- H02P1/34—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor by progressive reduction of impedance in secondary circuit
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soft start method of a wound rotor induction motor. According to the method, a resistor, a capacitor and an adjustable reactor which are connected in parallel are connected in series with the rotator loop of the wound rotor induction motor; at the beginning of start, the resistance value of the resistor is maximum, current flows through the resistor and the capacitor, and as a result, a starting torque is increased, and a start power factor is improved; with the increase of the rotation speed of the motor, the inductive reactance of the adjustable reactor is adjusted so as to be gradually decreased, and equivalent impedance in the rotor loop is reduced; when the impedance of the adjustable reactor is reduced to minimum, the situation is equivalent to the short-circuiting of the resistor connected in series with the rotor loop; and under this situation, the start of the motor is terminated, a capacitor branch circuit is open circuited, and the motor enters a running state. With the method of the invention adopted, defects such as incontinuous starting torque caused by graded resistance switching of the rotator loop, unsmooth starting process, starting current impact in graded resistance switching, and low reliability of control on a plurality of switching switch contacts can be eliminated. The soft start method has an excellent application effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of induction motor soft start field, particularly relate to the starting method of the large torque High Power Factor of the continuous smooth adjustment impedance of a kind of wound-rotor induction motor rotor loop series winding.
Background technology
The state of motor mainly contains starting, speed governing, braking three states, and wherein braking is the inverse process of starting process, and starting is the only stage which must be passed by that motor enters speed governing state.When motor across-the-line starting; the big current produced is huge to the harm of electrical network, motor and driven equipment; protective relaying maloperation may be caused to do, automatically control the faults such as malfunctioning, use soft starter device, the impact that motor across-the-line starting can be avoided to cause and harm.Although motor starting procedure is short, extremely important.
At present, Motor Soft-start Technique is mainly divided into reduced voltage starting, pressure regulation starting, varying frequency starting three kinds of modes.Reduced voltage starting mode comprises: self-coupling voltage reducing, the step-down of string graded resistance etc.; Pressure regulation start mode comprises: string water resistance starting, main circuit shish-kebab brake tube AC voltage adjusting circuit are started, based on variable reactor soft start etc.; Varying frequency starting comprises: grading variable-frequency soft starting, frequency converter soft start etc.For several typical soft-start mode, there is secondary or the repeat impact of starting current in self-coupling voltage reducing and string graded resistance soft-start by lowering voltage, and starting torque exists sudden change; String water resistance starting starting current and torque can realize continuously smooth and regulate, but water resistance temperature in starting process can raise, and can not start continuously, the easy temperature influence of use occasion; Main circuit shish-kebab brake tube regulating circuit starts, although terminal voltage of motor can regulate continuously, there is harmonic pollution; Terminal voltage of motor can be regulated continuously based on variable reactor soft-start mode, starting current is less, and power electronic device is in the secondary winding side of variable reactor, effectively can isolate harmonic pollution, cost performance is higher, powerful flexible starter for electric motor in can being used in; Grading variable-frequency soft starting starting torque is large, but there is torque pulsation; Frequency converter is mainly used as motor speed adjusting, is used in sexual valence in soft start lower, and fragile, inconvenient maintenance.In actual use, usually according to different loadtypes, select the start mode be applicable to.
For wound-rotor induction motor, the normal start mode adopted has two kinds, and one is rotor loop string resistor starting, and another kind is that rotor loop string frequency sensitive resistor starts.First method starting torque is large, and starting current obtains restriction, and in order to obtain larger starting torque in whole starting process, rotor loop can serial graded resistance, classification excision starting resistance in starting process.The method starting torque is large, is applicable to heavy-load start, and shortcoming is classification excision resistance, and start unsmooth, contact controls poor reliability.Second method can overcome series resistor device start in classification excision resistance, start unsmooth, contact and control the shortcomings such as poor reliability.Rotor loop string frequency sensitive resistor start have start level and smooth, structure simple, non-contact electric, the advantage such as reliable, easy to maintenance, but quick resistance has certain coil reactance frequently, and power factor is lower, and starting torque is little, is suitable for motor light start.
At present, restriction starting current, raising starting torque, the aspect such as power factor, harmonic inhabitation pollution shortened in starting time, raising starting process are mainly concentrated on to the research of motor soft start device.This patent, from restriction starting current, the power factor angle improved in starting torque, raising starting process, proposes a kind of soft-starting method of wound-rotor induction motor.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: in order to overcome prior art Problems existing, there is provided a kind of soft-starting method of wound-rotor induction motor, connect in wound-rotor induction motor the rotor loop resistance of a parallel join, electric capacity and Regulatable reactor.Start moment, rotor frequency is high, resistance is maximum, maximum current flows through from resistance and electric capacity, which increase starting torque and improve starting power factor, along with the increase of motor speed, the induction reactance of dynamic adjustments Regulatable reactor, make the induction reactance of Regulatable reactor gradually by turning down greatly, the equiva lent impedance being connected on rotor loop is obviously reduced, starting torque smooth change, work as proceed-to-send, Regulatable reactor impedance is reduced to minimum, be equivalent to the resistive short of connecting in rotor loop, in this case, motor starting terminates, capacitor is equivalent to open circuit, motor enters running status.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of soft-starting method of wound-rotor induction motor, is characterized in that:
(1) series resistance, capacitor and Regulatable reactor parallel circuits on wound-rotor induction motor rotor, by regulating the impedance of Regulatable reactor to regulate the equiva lent impedance being serially connected in wound-rotor induction motor rotor loop, realize the soft start of motor;
(2) electric current in motor starting procedure and voltage is detected in real time, according to detection starting current, voltage, and intelligent computation optimized parameter estimation model, for parameter type selecting and Intelligent adjustment reactance value provide foundation;
(3) start beginning, rotor crosstalk resistance and capacitor start, which increase the power factor in starting torque and starting process;
(4) proceed-to-send, Regulatable reactor induction reactance is close to zero, and be equivalent to the resistive short in rotor loop, motor enters running status.
The soft-starting method of wound-rotor induction motor as above, it is characterized in that: adopt the triggering of power electronic device in Single-chip Controlling Regulatable reactor secondary winding to regulate the induction reactance of a Regulatable reactor winding, thus change the equiva lent impedance be connected in motor rotor loop, the continuously smooth realizing impedance regulates, and overcomes the starting torque that classification convert resistance brings and changes discontinuous defect.
The soft-starting method of wound-rotor induction motor as above, it is characterized in that: realizing the controller that induction motor rotor loop equiva lent impedance regulates, condenser capacity calculates, resistance sizes calculates is single-chip microcomputer, the display of motor starting state arranges employing touch-screen with controling parameters.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
(1) in starting process, there is not mechanical switch or switching electrical switches graded resistance, starting process is level and smooth, there is not the problem that contact controls poor reliability.
(2) there is not the cranking current pulse phenomenon that classification convert resistance brings.
(3) rotor loop equivalent resistance continuously adjustabe, starting torque is continuous.
(4) in starting process, capacitor provides reactive power, improves the power factor in starting process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is wound-rotor induction motor soft-starting method structure chart of the present invention.
In Fig. 1: 1. three phase network; 2. circuit breaker; 3. voltage and current sensing means; 4. wound-rotor induction motor; 5. capacitor; 6. resistance; 7. Regulatable reactor; 8. power electronic device; 9. controller.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, illustrate content of the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to the following examples.Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values are equally within claims limited range listed by the application.
A kind of wound-rotor induction motor soft-starting method provided by the invention is: connect in wound-rotor induction motor the rotor loop resistance of a parallel join, electric capacity and Regulatable reactor.Start and start, resistance is maximum, and electric current flows through from resistance and electric capacity, which increase starting torque and improve starting power factor, along with the increase of motor speed, the induction reactance of Regulatable reactor is gradually by turning down greatly, and the equiva lent impedance in rotor loop reduces, when Regulatable reactor impedance is reduced to minimum, be equivalent to the resistive short of connecting in rotor loop, in this case, motor starting terminates, capacitor is equivalent to open circuit, and motor enters running status.Specific as follows:
(1) motor starting starts, and resistor resistance is maximum, and electric current flows through from resistance and electric capacity, and motor starting torque is large, and capacitor provides reactive power for motor, and starting power factor is high.
(2) controller detects starting voltage and electric current in real time, triggers the conducting of power electronic device in Regulatable reactor secondary winding, thus controls the induction reactance of a Regulatable reactor winding.
(3) Regulatable reactor winding induction reactance consecutive variations from big to small, change the equiva lent impedance that is serially connected in induction motor rotor loop, equiva lent impedance continuously smooth ground from large to small, motor smooth starting, starting torque consecutive variations, starting current is without impact.
(4) when proceed-to-send, Regulatable reactor winding equivalent inductive reactance is zero, and be equivalent to the resistive short will be connected in series in rotor loop, motor starting is complete, enters running status, and capacitor can access electrical network, does the reactive power compensation of running status.
(5) for obtaining the shortest starting time, being serially connected in the resistance in motor rotor loop, electric capacity, reactance parameter can carry out optimized parameter estimation.
(6) optimized parameter estimation model is: the integration of the difference of electromagnetic torque and load torque obtains maximum, and starting current can not exceed limits value, and maximum starting torque is arranged according to loadtype maybe can not exceed the breakdown torque that motor rotary shaft allows.
(7) controller solves optimized parameter estimation model according to system optimizing control, obtains the resistance, electric capacity, the reactance parameter that are connected in rotor loop, for parameter type selecting and Intelligent adjustment reactance value provide foundation.
(8) display of motor starting state arranges with controling parameters and adopts touch-screen to realize.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1: present invention employs the structure in wound-rotor induction motor rotor loop series resistor, electric capacity and Regulatable reactor, replace rotor loop classification convert resistance structure, the defect that starting is unsmooth, contact controls poor reliability that classification convert resistance start mode exists can be overcome like this.System comprises three phase network 1; Circuit breaker 2; Voltage and current sensing means 3; Wound-rotor induction motor 4; Capacitor 5; Resistance 6; Regulatable reactor 7; Power electronic device 8; The device that controller 9 forms, realizes controlling to the starting of wound-rotor induction motor 4.
Wound-rotor induction motor starting system structure chart according to Fig. 1, at the parallel circuits that motor rotor circuit in series resistance, electric capacity, regulative reactance are formed, start and start, electric current is flow through by resistance and capacitor, motor starting torque is large, be suitable for heavy-load start, the reactive power required for motor is provided by capacitor, and power factor is high; Along with the rising of motor speed, controller regulates the Trigger Angle of the power electronic device in Regulatable reactor secondary winding, change the induction reactance of a Regulatable reactor winding, thus change the equiva lent impedance be serially connected in motor rotor loop, make the descending consecutive variations of equiva lent impedance, motor starting torque can consecutive variations, and starting current is without impact, in starting process, No-contact switch controls, and controls reliability high; When motor speed reaches rated value, starting completes, and Regulatable reactor induction reactance is zero, is equivalent to the resistive short of rotor loop series connection, and starting resistance is excised, and motor enters running status.Capacitor in starting process switches to as motor running provides reactive power, does reactive power in-situ and compensates use.
In the controls, controller is except controlling the triggering of power electronic device, also assume responsibility for the work that optimized parameter is estimated, system optimizing control is adopted to solve optimized parameter estimation model, obtain the resistance, electric capacity, the reactance parameter that are connected in rotor loop, for parameter type selecting and Intelligent adjustment reactance value provide foundation.
The present invention adopts single-chip microcomputer as controller, and human-computer interaction interface adopts touch-screen, can observe starting current and motor speed intuitively, and facilitate change control parameter, can improve the automaticity of whole soft start control system.
The content be not described in detail in this specification belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (3)
1. a soft-starting method for wound-rotor induction motor, is characterized in that:
(1) series resistance, capacitor and Regulatable reactor parallel circuits on wound-rotor induction motor rotor, by regulating the impedance of Regulatable reactor to regulate the equiva lent impedance being serially connected in wound-rotor induction motor rotor loop, realize the soft start of motor;
(2) electric current in motor starting procedure and voltage is detected in real time, according to detection starting current, voltage, and intelligent computation optimized parameter estimation model, for parameter type selecting and Intelligent adjustment reactance value provide foundation;
(3) start beginning, rotor crosstalk resistance and capacitor start, which increase the power factor in starting torque and starting process;
(4) proceed-to-send, Regulatable reactor induction reactance is close to zero, and be equivalent to the resistive short in rotor loop, motor enters running status.
2. the soft-starting method of wound-rotor induction motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt the triggering of power electronic device in Single-chip Controlling Regulatable reactor secondary winding to regulate the induction reactance of a Regulatable reactor winding, thus change the equiva lent impedance be connected in motor rotor loop, the continuously smooth realizing impedance regulates, and overcomes the starting torque that classification convert resistance brings and changes discontinuous defect.
3. the soft-starting method of wound-rotor induction motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: realizing the controller that induction motor rotor loop equiva lent impedance regulates, condenser capacity calculates, resistance sizes calculates is single-chip microcomputer, the display of motor starting state arranges employing touch-screen with controling parameters.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510912476.7A CN105553338B (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2015-12-11 | A kind of soft-starting method of MW |
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| CN201510912476.7A CN105553338B (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2015-12-11 | A kind of soft-starting method of MW |
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| CN105553338A true CN105553338A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| CN105553338B CN105553338B (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105897096A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-24 | 上海电机学院 | Automatic adjustment reactor for high-voltage motor starting and adjustment method of automatic adjustment reactor |
| CN109889123A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-14 | 洛阳理工学院 | The control system and control method of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement |
Citations (4)
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| CN1043233A (en) * | 1988-12-10 | 1990-06-20 | 柳州市起重机厂 | The method and the device thereof of wound-rotor motor starting and speed governing |
| JPH09131082A (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1997-05-16 | Takeaki Kukihara | Secondary cr control of induction motor |
| CN202285382U (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-06-27 | 武汉理工大学 | Self-coupling magnetic control reactance soft-starting device for super-power high-voltage motor |
| CN103023391A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 武汉理工大学 | Soft-starting current-limiting compensation and harmonic filtering integration method of high-voltage high-power motor |
-
2015
- 2015-12-11 CN CN201510912476.7A patent/CN105553338B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1043233A (en) * | 1988-12-10 | 1990-06-20 | 柳州市起重机厂 | The method and the device thereof of wound-rotor motor starting and speed governing |
| JPH09131082A (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1997-05-16 | Takeaki Kukihara | Secondary cr control of induction motor |
| CN202285382U (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-06-27 | 武汉理工大学 | Self-coupling magnetic control reactance soft-starting device for super-power high-voltage motor |
| CN103023391A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 武汉理工大学 | Soft-starting current-limiting compensation and harmonic filtering integration method of high-voltage high-power motor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 常雨芳: ""高压大功率电动机自耦磁控软起动方法及其关键技术研究"", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105897096A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-24 | 上海电机学院 | Automatic adjustment reactor for high-voltage motor starting and adjustment method of automatic adjustment reactor |
| CN109889123A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-14 | 洛阳理工学院 | The control system and control method of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement |
| CN109889123B (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2024-04-02 | 洛阳理工学院 | Control system and control method for improving power factor of wound-rotor asynchronous motor |
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| CN105553338B (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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Inventor after: Chang Yufang Inventor after: Chen Shuqiang Inventor after: Huang Wencong Inventor after: Xu Cao Inventor after: Xiao Yiping Inventor after: Wang Su Inventor before: Chang Yufang Inventor before: Huang Wencong Inventor before: Xu Cao Inventor before: Xiao Yiping Inventor before: Wang Li |
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