CN109889123A - Control system and control method for improving power factor of wound asynchronous motor - Google Patents
Control system and control method for improving power factor of wound asynchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109889123A CN109889123A CN201910186219.8A CN201910186219A CN109889123A CN 109889123 A CN109889123 A CN 109889123A CN 201910186219 A CN201910186219 A CN 201910186219A CN 109889123 A CN109889123 A CN 109889123A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the control system and control method of a kind of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement, control system includes KM1 contactor, KM2 contactor, RSTStart-up resistor, step-up transformer, tunable capacitor, rotor speed measuring circuit, cpu controller, driver and actuator；Wherein, rotor speed measuring circuit is connected with wound rotor asynchronous motor and cpu controller respectively, and driver is connected with cpu controller and actuator respectively, and actuator is connected with a phase, b phase, c phase step-up transformer secondary side tunable capacitor；A phase, b phase, c phase step-up transformer primary side are connected with KM2 contactor, and KM1 contactor is connected with a, b, c three-phase start-up resistor.The present invention not only increases rotor-side power factor, reduces rotor current, and improves stator side power factor, reduces stator current, while reducing rotor windings loss and stator winding loss, improves the overload capacity of asynchronous motor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the industrial applications of Electrified Transmission, and in particular to a kind of wound rotor asynchronous motor power factor
Improved control system and control method.
Background technique
In industrial and mining enterprises, the consumption of power system reactive power is mainly three-phase AC asynchronous motor, therefore high-power
Asynchronous motor reactive compensation is the energy-efficient main path of industrial and mining enterprises.Currently, the mode of reactive power compensation is main both at home and abroad
There are two types of: one is motor stator side shunt capacitors；Another kind is that asynchronous motor rotor circuit is concatenated into phase device.
The method of asynchronous motor stator side the parallel power condenser, improves only the power factor of power grid, reduces line
Road electric current, and there is no any improvement to motor working condition itself, motor stator electric current is not reduced, and reactive loss is still
Larger, motor power factor is still lower.And compensation capacity be it is fixed, cannot be adjusted at any time according to actual loading, therefore,
Even power factor can not compensate optimum state on route.
The method of asynchronous motor rotor circuit string rotation phase modifier, can be reduced stator current, but, event high to environmental requirement
Barrier rate is high, service life is short, maintenance cost is high.And phase modifier manufacture difficulty is rotated, specification is few, is difficult to realize most with motor
Good matching.In addition, will lead to electric motor protecting movement stop jumping when rotation phase modifier breaks down, or even burn out motor, influencing to give birth to
It produces.
There is the asynchronous motor rotor based on Control Technique of Microcomputer and power electronic technique in later period the 1990s
Circuit string Static Phase Generator, it is generally connected to asynchronous motor rotor side, and Static Phase Generator improves asynchronous motor itself
Working condition, stator current sharp fall, stator winding loss are also reduced therewith, and stator side power factor significantly improves, fixed
Sub- temperature rise significantly reduces, to extend motor service life, improves the efficiency and overload capacity of motor.Simultaneously as quiet
Only phase advancer uses closed-loop control, can, motor load variation is automatically tracked, makes motor power factor compensation always in best
State realizes the best match with motor.
However, on the other hand, asynchronous motor rotor circuit string Static Phase Generator but results in the increasing of rotor current
Add, and then result in the increase of rotor windings loss, while rotor-side power factor also being caused to decline, on rotor temperature rise is significant
It rises, to influence motor service life, reduces the efficiency and overload capacity of motor.See on the whole, stator side because go here and there it is static into
Phase device and increased advantage finally by rotor-side because caused by string Static Phase Generator disadvantage offset.
Therefore, although asynchronous motor solves asynchronous motor stator electric current by rotor loop string Static Phase Generator
Greatly, the disadvantage that stator side power factor is low, stator loss is high, but introduce the increase of asynchronous motor rotor electric current, rotor
The problem of side power factor reduces, rotor loss increases.
Summary of the invention
To overcome the shortcomings of the above reactive compensation implementation method, the present invention propose a kind of wound rotor asynchronous motor power because
Number improved control system and control method, not only increase rotor-side power factor, reduce rotor current, and improve
Stator side power factor reduces stator current, therefore, the present invention both reduced rotor windings loss, also reduce stator around
Group loss, improves the efficiency of asynchronous motor；Rotor and stator temperature rise are also reduced simultaneously, improves the mistake of asynchronous motor
Loading capability.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems adopts the following technical solutions to realize.It proposes according to the present invention
A kind of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement control system, including KM1 contactor, KM2 contactor, RSTStarting
Resistance, step-up transformer, tunable capacitor, rotor speed measuring circuit, cpu controller, driver and actuator；The RSTStarting
Resistance, step-up transformer, tunable capacitor include a phase, b phase, c phase；
Wherein, the input terminal of the rotor speed measuring circuit is connected with wound rotor asynchronous motor M, rotor speed measurement
The output end of circuit is connected with the input terminal of cpu controller, and the output end of cpu controller is connected with the input terminal of driver, drives
The output end of dynamic device is connected with the input terminal of actuator, output end and a phase step-up transformer secondary side adjustable electric of actuator
Appearance, b phase step-up transformer secondary side tunable capacitor, c phase step-up transformer secondary side tunable capacitor are connected；A phase is boosted transformation
Device primary side, b phase step-up transformer primary side, c phase step-up transformer primary side are connected with KM2 contactor, KM2 contactor
Also it is connected with a phase of wound rotor asynchronous motor M, b phase, c phase rotor windings；The KM1 contactor and a phase start-up resistor
RSTa, b phase start-up resistor RSTb, c phase start-up resistor RSTcBe connected, KM1 contactor also with a phase of wound rotor asynchronous motor M,
B phase, c phase rotor windings are connected.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be used following technical scheme and further realize.
The control system of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement above-mentioned, wherein contacted by the KM1
The series resistance starting of device realization wound rotor asynchronous motor；Wound rotor asynchronous motor string is realized by the KM2 contactor
Enter capacitor, improves power factor；And KM1 contactor and KM2 contactor are not also turned on.
The control system of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement above-mentioned, wherein pass through the RSTStarting electricity
The starting of wound rotor asynchronous motor is realized in resistance；Amplify the control signal of cpu controller output by the driver；Pass through
The actuator adjusts the capacitance of variable capacitance.
The control system of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement above-mentioned, wherein controlled by the CPU
The stator frequency f of device setting asynchronous motor1, number of pole-pairs np, rotor leakage inductance LlrWith the transformation ratio k of step-up transformer；And it is described
The revolving speed that cpu controller is measured also according to rotor speed measuring circuit calculates the capacitance for changing variable capacitance, and generates control
Signal.
A kind of control method carrying out wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement using above-mentioned control system, including with
Lower step:
(1) it by cpu controller setup parameter, specifically includes: setting the stator frequency f of asynchronous motor1, number of pole-pairs np,
Rotor leakage inductance LlrWith the transformation ratio k of step-up transformer；
(2) the rotor mechanical separator speed n and asynchronous motor of asynchronous motor are measured using rotor speed measuring circuit
Number of pole-pairs np, the rotor velocity ω of asynchronous motor is calculated according to formula (1)r；
(3) the stator frequency f of asynchronous motor is utilized1, the synchronous angular velocity of asynchronous motor is calculated according to formula (2)
ω1；
ω1=2 π f1 (2)
(4) the rotor velocity ω of asynchronous motor is utilizedrWith synchronous angular velocity ω1, rotor is calculated according to formula (3)
The angular frequency of electric currents；
ωs=ω1-ωr (3)
(5) the rotor leakage inductance L of asynchronous motor is utilizedlrWith rotor current angular frequencys, calculated and turned according to formula (4)
The anti-Z of the leakage inductance of sub-loopL；
ZL=ωsLlr (4)
(6) series resonance principal is utilized, the equivalent capacity for sealing in asynchronous motor rotor circuit is calculated according to formula (5)
Capacitance C'；
(7) step-up transformer for being k using known transformation ratio, calculates according to formula (6) and seals in asynchronous motor rotor
The actual capacitance capacitance C in circuit；
(8) the control signal for changing tunable capacitor capacitance is issued using cpu controller, using driver to control signal
It amplifies, and then controls actuator, to change the capacitance of tunable capacitor, so that the capacitance of tunable capacitor is C, realizing improves
The power factor of asynchronous motor.
The present invention utilizes series resonance principal, seals in capacitor by rotor loop and realizes that the anti-method of leakage inductance is offset in capacitive reactance,
It not only increases rotor-side power factor, reduce rotor current, and improve stator side power factor, reduce stator electricity
Stream.Therefore, rotor windings loss had both been reduced, stator winding loss has been also reduced, improves the efficiency of asynchronous motor；Simultaneously
Also rotor and stator temperature rise are reduced, the overload capacity of asynchronous motor is improved.It can be real using high transformation ratio step-up transformer
Existing capacitive reactance becomes smaller method, and solve causes to go here and there since rotor-sided rotor current underfrequency and rotor leakage inductance resist too small
Enter the excessive problem of capacitor's capacity, to reduce costs.
The above description is only an overview of the technical scheme of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to allow above and other objects, features and advantages of the invention can
It is clearer and more comprehensible, it is special below to lift preferred embodiment, and cooperate attached drawing, detailed description are as follows.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the control device block diagram of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement.
Fig. 2 is the phasor diagram (inductive load) of wound rotor asynchronous motor.
Fig. 3 is the phasor diagram (resistive load) of wound rotor asynchronous motor.
Specific embodiment
It is of the invention to reach the technical means and efficacy that predetermined goal of the invention is taken further to illustrate, below in conjunction with
Attached drawing and preferred embodiment, to a kind of control system of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement proposed according to the present invention
And control method, specific embodiment, structure, feature and its effect, detailed description is as follows.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, on hardware circuit, a kind of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement of the invention
Control system include: KM1 contactor, KM2 contactor, RSTStart-up resistor, step-up transformer, tunable capacitor, rotor speed are surveyed
Measure circuit, cpu controller, driver and actuator.The RSTStart-up resistor, step-up transformer, tunable capacitor include a phase, b
Phase, c phase.
M refers to exchange wound rotor asynchronous motor, the input terminal of rotor speed measuring circuit and winding type asynchronous electricity in Fig. 1
Motivation M is connected, and the output end of rotor speed measuring circuit is connected with the input terminal of cpu controller, the output end of cpu controller
It is connected with the input terminal of driver, the output end of driver is connected with the input terminal of actuator, output end and a phase liter of actuator
Pressure transformer secondary side tunable capacitor, b phase step-up transformer secondary side tunable capacitor, c phase step-up transformer secondary side adjustable electric
Rong Jun is connected；A phase step-up transformer primary side, b phase step-up transformer primary side, c phase step-up transformer primary side are and KM2
Contactor is connected, and KM2 contactor is also connected with a phase of wound rotor asynchronous motor M, b phase, c phase rotor windings；The KM1
Contactor and a phase start-up resistor RSTa, b phase start-up resistor RSTb, c phase start-up resistor RSTcBe connected, KM1 contactor also with coiling
The a phase of type asynchronous motor M, b phase, c phase rotor windings are connected.
Hardware circuit of the invention and its effect are illustrated separately below.
KM1 and KM2 contactor
KM1 contactor is the series resistance starting for wound rotor asynchronous motor；And KM2 contactor is different for winding-type
Step motor seals in capacitor, to improve power factor.KM1 contactor and KM2 contactor are not also turned on.KM1 contactor is only used
KM1 contactor disconnects after starting, starting, and KM2 contactor is connected.
RSTStart-up resistor
RSTStart-up resistor is the starting for wound rotor asynchronous motor, reduces inrush current to reach and increases
The purpose of dynamic torque.
Rotor speed measuring circuit
Rotor speed measuring circuit is used to measure the revolving speed of rotor, to calculate the rotor angular frequency of rotor current.It is described
Rotor speed measuring circuit be a kind of speed measuring device, can be used existing tachometer generator, photoelectric encoder etc. realization.
Step-up transformer
Step-up transformer be in order to reduce due to rotor leakage inductance resist it is too small caused by cross large capacitance, can be used existing
Step-up transformer.
Tunable capacitor
Tunable capacitor be in order to offset in real time because rotor current angular frequency variation caused by rotor loop leakage inductance resistance due to
It is arranged, existing tunable capacitor can be used.
Cpu controller
Cpu controller, on the one hand, for setting some parameters, such as the stator frequency f of setting asynchronous motor1, pole
Logarithm np, rotor leakage inductance LlrWith the transformation ratio k of step-up transformer；On the other hand, turned according to the measurement of rotor speed measuring circuit
Speed, cpu controller calculate the capacitance for changing variable capacitance according to formula (1) to (6), and then generate control signal, by driving
Dynamic device amplification, removes control actuator, so that the capacitance for adjusting variable capacitance is calculated value.The cpu controller can be using existing
Some singlechip controllers or dsp controller etc..
Driver
Driver is a kind of for amplifying the amplifier of the control signal of cpu controller output, is to provide function for actuator
The device of rate (energy).
Actuator
Actuator is used to adjust the capacitance of variable capacitance, and stepper motor can be used.
The control method of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement is carried out using control system shown in FIG. 1 are as follows:
It by cpu controller setup parameter, specifically includes: setting the stator frequency f of asynchronous motor1, number of pole-pairs np, turn
Sub- leakage inductance LlrWith the transformation ratio k of step-up transformer；The rotor for measuring asynchronous motor using rotor speed measuring circuit is mechanical
The number of pole-pairs n of revolving speed n and asynchronous motorp, according to formula (1):Calculate the rotor angle of asynchronous motor
Speed omegar；Utilize the stator frequency f of asynchronous motor1, according to formula (2): ω1=2 π f1Calculate asynchronous motor
Synchronous angular velocity ω1；Utilize the rotor velocity ω of asynchronous motorrWith synchronous angular velocity ω1, according to formula (3): ωs=
ω1-ωrCalculate the angular frequency of rotor currents；Utilize known parameters (the rotor leakage inductance L of asynchronous motorlr) and rotor electricity
Flow angular frequencys, according to formula (4): ZL=ωsLlrCalculate the anti-Z of leakage inductance of rotor loopL.Utilize series resonance principal, root
According to formula (5):Calculate the equivalent capacity capacitance C' for sealing in asynchronous motor rotor circuit；Benefit
The step-up transformer for being k with known transformation ratio, according to formula (6):It calculates and seals in asynchronous motor rotor
The actual capacitance capacitance C in circuit.Then, the control signal for changing tunable capacitor capacitance is issued using cpu controller, using drive
Device is moved to control signal amplification, and then controls actuator, achievees the purpose that change tunable capacitor capacitance, to realize that improvement is asynchronous
The power factor of motor.
The calculation formula (1) to (6) is used to calculate the capacitance for realizing rotor loop series resonance.
Fig. 2 is the phasor diagram (inductive load) when wound rotor asynchronous motor does not have series capacitance, and Fig. 3 is winding type asynchronous
Phasor diagram (resistive load) when motor in series resonant capacitance.By Fig. 2 and 3 compare it can be seen from due to series resonance so that
Rotor loop becomes resistive load from original inductive load, so that rotor loop rotor power factor angle becomes 0, and turns
Electron current reaches minimum, so that the power-factor angle and stator current in stator circuit also become smaller significantly.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form, appoint
What those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the invention to
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made by upper embodiment, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of control system of wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement, it is characterised in that including KM1 contactor, KM2
Contactor, RSTStart-up resistor, step-up transformer, tunable capacitor, rotor speed measuring circuit, cpu controller, driver and execution
Device；The RSTStart-up resistor, step-up transformer, tunable capacitor include a phase, b phase, c phase；
Wherein, the input terminal of the rotor speed measuring circuit is connected with wound rotor asynchronous motor M, rotor speed measuring circuit
Output end be connected with the input terminal of cpu controller, the output end of cpu controller is connected with the input terminal of driver, driver
Output end be connected with the input terminal of actuator, output end and a phase step-up transformer secondary side tunable capacitor, b phase of actuator
Step-up transformer secondary side tunable capacitor, c phase step-up transformer secondary side tunable capacitor are connected；A phase step-up transformer is primary
Side, b phase step-up transformer primary side, c phase step-up transformer primary side are connected with KM2 contactor, KM2 contactor also with coiling
The a phase of type asynchronous motor M, b phase, c phase rotor windings are connected；The KM1 contactor and a phase start-up resistor RSTa, b phase opens
Dynamic resistance RSTb, c phase start-up resistor RSTcIt is connected, KM1 contactor also turns with a phase of wound rotor asynchronous motor M, b phase, c phase
Sub- winding is connected.
2. control system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that realize winding type asynchronous electricity by the KM1 contactor
The series resistance starting of motivation；Realize that wound rotor asynchronous motor seals in capacitor by the KM2 contactor, improve power because
Number；And KM1 contactor and KM2 contactor are not also turned on.
3. control system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that amplify cpu controller output by the driver
Control signal；The capacitance of variable capacitance is adjusted by the actuator.
4. control system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that set asynchronous motor by the cpu controller
Stator frequency f1, number of pole-pairs np, rotor leakage inductance LlrWith the transformation ratio k of step-up transformer；And the cpu controller is also according to rotor
The revolving speed of tachometric survey circuit measuring calculates the capacitance for changing variable capacitance, and generates control signal.
5. a kind of controlling party for carrying out wound rotor asynchronous motor power-factor improvement using control system as described in claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) it by cpu controller setup parameter, specifically includes: setting the stator frequency f of asynchronous motor1, number of pole-pairs np, rotor
Leakage inductance LlrWith the transformation ratio k of step-up transformer；
(2) using rotor speed measuring circuit measure asynchronous motor rotor mechanical separator speed n and asynchronous motor it is extremely right
Number np, the rotor velocity ω of asynchronous motor is calculated according to formula (1)r；
(3) the stator frequency f of asynchronous motor is utilized1, the synchronous angular velocity ω of asynchronous motor is calculated according to formula (2)1；
ω1=2 π f1 (2)
(4) the rotor velocity ω of asynchronous motor is utilizedrWith synchronous angular velocity ω1, rotor current is calculated according to formula (3)
Angular frequencys；
ωs=ω1-ωr (3)
(5) the rotor leakage inductance L of asynchronous motor is utilizedlrWith rotor current angular frequencys, rotor is calculated according to formula (4) and is returned
The anti-Z of the leakage inductance on roadL；
ZL=ωsLlr (4)
(6) series resonance principal is utilized, the equivalent capacity capacitance for sealing in asynchronous motor rotor circuit is calculated according to formula (5)
C'；
(7) step-up transformer for being k using known transformation ratio, calculates according to formula (6) and seals in asynchronous motor rotor circuit
Actual capacitance capacitance C；
(8) the control signal for changing tunable capacitor capacitance is issued using cpu controller, and control signal is carried out using driver
Amplification, and then actuator is controlled, to change the capacitance of tunable capacitor, so that the capacitance of tunable capacitor is C, realize that improvement is asynchronous
The power factor of motor.
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| CN201910186219.8A CN109889123B (en) | 2019-03-12 | 2019-03-12 | Control system and control method for improving power factor of wound-rotor asynchronous motor |
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Inventor after: Ji Xuande Inventor after: Wu Chao Inventor after: Duan Chunxia Inventor after: Yao Leibo Inventor after: Duan Xiaoming Inventor after: Guo Longgang Inventor after: He Yong Inventor before: He Yong Inventor before: Ji Xuande Inventor before: Wu Chao Inventor before: Duan Chunxia Inventor before: Yao Leibo Inventor before: Duan Xiaoming Inventor before: Guo Longgang |
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