CN2840091Y - Optical system for transmission type eyesight detecting instrument - Google Patents
Optical system for transmission type eyesight detecting instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN2840091Y CN2840091Y CN 200520025685 CN200520025685U CN2840091Y CN 2840091 Y CN2840091 Y CN 2840091Y CN 200520025685 CN200520025685 CN 200520025685 CN 200520025685 U CN200520025685 U CN 200520025685U CN 2840091 Y CN2840091 Y CN 2840091Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an optical system, particularly an optical system of a detection instrument for detecting the potential visual acuity of eye retinae of the different oxyopters. The utility model gives an optical structure and an optical path design for the detection instrument for the eye visual function of a cataract patient, and gives the design and the relevant parameter of each optical part. The utility model is characterized in that an imaging beam entering an eye pupil is sufficiently thin and has the sufficient optical energy by a transmission type visual resolution board; the potential diopter of a patient can be detected by moving the transmission type visual resolution board for focusing by the method that a tiny gap in a nebulous lens of the cataract patient is imaged on the retina; vision is calibrated by a stage of visual resolution corresponding to the opening direction of a minimum character E viewed and identified by a detected eye in the visual resolution board. The visual level reached after an artificial lens replacing operation can be relatively accurately predicted by the utility model to detect the cataract patient before the operation, and the utility model is required and has practical value to the cataract patient and an ophthalmologist.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of optical system, particularly relates to the optical system of the detector of the shortsighted power of eye retina of measuring different diopters, is used for preceding special eyesight (potential eyesight) detector of cataract patient art.
Background technology
We are at the persons suffering from ocular disorders of cataract class, research and design the optical system of transmission-type sight tester.Cataract is a kind of common illness in eye that has a strong impact on eyesight, it is reported has millions of meter cataractous eye patients to replace the artificial lens operation every year, be concerned about very much all that for doctor and patient a sixty-four dollar question is, the postoperative eyesight of displacement artificial lens can reach any level, promptly get rid of the influence of cataract (crystalline lens), and detect the potential visual capacity of other factors (comprising: cornea, retina).Usually the vision inspection system and the method for normal eye are, visual chart adopts the black target visual chart of diffuse reflection white background during detection, and illumination should be 200～300 luxs, and measuring distance is 5m, and the visual angle is that 1 minute sign is corresponding to the eyesight of 5.0 (logarithmic visual acuity charts).The visual chart imaging beam can be full of measured's whole eye pupil at retina image-forming.And for cataract patient, eyes crystal major part is that muddy body is light tight, have only wherein crack or the aperture can printing opacity, the patient's printing opacity crack or the aperture≤0.1mm that have, also be to have only these cracks or aperture can have light to pass through and imaging on retina, be not enough to cause the cellula visualis response, image is unconcerned to be stuck with paste.And the pupil diameter of human eye is (2～8) mm usually, whole eye pupil all is full of light during test, its luminous energy that participates in retina image-forming be cataract patient (400～1600) doubly, therefore conventional vision inspection system can't be measured the real potential eyesight of cataract patient.Affect one's power of vision and have multiple factor, influence visual function if can not predict other defect except that the cataract crystal, for example PVR is performed the operation though carried out the displacement artificial lens, still do not reach and improve the eyesight effect, even patient and doctor produce dispute.In order to make doctor and patient before operative treatment, can more accurately predict operation back patient's eyesight (potential eyesight), need a kind of at the special eyesight before the cataract patient art (potential eyesight) detection system and detection method.Do not see identical patent and bibliographical information both at home and abroad.
The optical system of this transmission-type sight tester adopts transmission-type vision resolution plate, and make that to enter the eye pupil imaging beam enough thin and enough luminous energies are arranged, so that can be by the minim gap imaging on retina in the cloud crystalline lens, by mobile transmission-type vision resolution plate move diopter that focusing can measure the patient at-7D to the diopter the between+12D, watch pairing that one-level of opening direction of the character E that can recognize minimum in the vision resolution plate to look resolving power by tested eye and demarcate eyesight.Thereby make the eyesight measurement of cataract patient become possibility.By this instrument detecting, the eyesight level that reaches after the prediction operation can determine that also simple crystal disease still has other diseases, helps the doctor correctly to diagnose.This system is feasible and reliable by test.
Summary of the invention
The utility model is overall optical texture design and the light path that provides " the transmission-type vision tester " of practicability particularly; The design and the correlation parameter of each optics have been provided; And the detection method of this instrument.This instrument is a kind of potential visual function detecting instrument of eye that is primarily aimed at cataract patient, its characteristics are to adopt transmission-type vision resolution plate and make that to enter the eye pupil imaging beam enough thin and enough luminous energies are arranged, so that can be by the minim gap imaging on retina in the cataract patient cloud crystalline lens, the diopter of the diopter that the focusing of mobile transmission-type vision resolution plate can be measured the patient between-7D-+12D watched pairing that one-level of opening direction of the character E that can recognize minimum in the vision resolution plate to look resolving power by tested eye and demarcated eyesight.Detect before by this instrument, can more accurately predict the eyesight level that reaches after the operation of displacement artificial lens the cataract corrective surgery.
The technical solution of the utility model: the optical system of transmission-type sight tester, it focuses on the filtering aperture by the white light that light source sends through collector lens, light beam through aperture filtering is turned back by triangle reflecting prism secondary reflection, produce quasi-parallel light by collimation lens again, this quasi-parallel rayed transmission-type vision resolution plate, transmission-type vision resolution plate is by the imaging len imaging, eyes viewpoint Eye is by the triangle reflecting prism, the triangle reflecting prism is watched the picture of this vision resolution plate, can recognize that the opening direction of the character E of minimum in the vision resolution plate gives a test of one's eyesight; It is characterized in that: the light beam of filtering aperture outgoing promptly is equivalent to the filtering aperture and becomes to dwindle picture point at the Eye point by collimation lens, transmission-type vision resolution plate and imaging len, be converted into the imaging beam of diameter≤0.1mm at the Eye point.
The measuring technology ultimate principle of transmission-type sight tester optical system:
Light source is assembled through condenser, be equivalent to a pointolite after the wave hole filtering after filtration again, this pointolite produces collimated light beam irradiation transmission-type vision resolution plate by collimation lens, resolving power test target images at the moment by imaging len, and make the Eye place of imaging beam behind imaging len assemble a very little luminous point through transmission-type vision resolution plate, make imaging beam can pass through the narrow hole of cloud cataract crystal of eyes at retina image-forming.When measuring patient's eyesight, allow patient's eye pupil overlap and watch the vision resolution plate with this Eye point.Because the diopter of patient's eyes may be different, in order to make instrument accurately measure the shortsighted power of eye retina of different diopters, position that need be by adjusting the eyesight plate so that the eyesight plate can just be imaged on the retina, we have designed movably eyesight plate, the eyes of different diopters can be realized focus (even tested patient can see the eyesight plate clearly) to the distance of imaging len by regulating the eyesight plate, by the position of eyesight plate and the image geometrical optics conversion relation of eyes diopter, the eyesight plate of instrument move forward and backward the location position corresponding diopter in back that converts, the eyes diopter and can clearly see the eyesight plate time position of eyesight plate be one to one.The adjusting of eyesight Board position is equivalent to the selection difference dioptric " inserted sheet " when carrying out the eyesight detection when getting the right lensses for one's eyeglasses usually.Tested eye careful survey more then can be recognized the opening direction of the character E at different levels in the vision resolution plate, and pairing that one-level of opening direction that can make out minimum character E is looked resolving power, is the eyesight of tested eye.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: this instrument detects before to the cataract corrective surgery, can more accurately predict the eyesight level that reaches after the operation of displacement artificial lens, to cataract patient and oculist is very to need and with practical value, by evidence its practicality and reliability.
Description of drawings
The optical system configuration composition of accompanying drawing 1 transmission-type sight tester
The index path of accompanying drawing 2 transmission-type sight testers
Accompanying drawing 3 transmission-type vision resolution plate synoptic diagram
Among the figure: 1. light source 2. collector lenses 3. filtering apertures 4. triangle reflecting prisms 5. collimation lenses 6. vision resolution plates 7. imaging lens 8. triangle reflecting prisms 9. triangle reflecting prisms 10. viewpoint Eye
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is further specified:
The optical system of transmission-type sight tester, it focuses on filtering aperture 3 by the white light that light source 1 sends through collector lens 2, light beam through aperture filtering is turned back by triangle reflecting prism 4 secondary reflections, produce quasi-parallel light by collimation lens 5 again, this quasi-parallel rayed transmission-type vision resolution plate 6, transmission-type vision resolution plate is by imaging len 7 imagings, eyes viewpoint Eye10 watches the picture of this vision resolution plate by triangle reflecting prism 9, triangle reflecting prism 8, can recognize that the opening direction of character E minimum in the vision resolution plate gives a test of one's eyesight; Its characteristics are: the light beam of filtering aperture outgoing promptly is equivalent to the filtering aperture and becomes to dwindle picture point at the Eye point by collimation lens, transmission-type vision resolution plate and imaging len, be converted into the imaging beam of diameter≤0.1mm at the Eye point.
Filtering aperture (3) is a garden shape light hole, and diameter is 0.1 to 0.2mm frequency modulated light plate.
Transmission-type vision resolution plate 6 between the imaging len 7 apart from d7 by zero to variable 2 times the focal length of imaging len, the position of adjusting resolving power test target is so that tested eye can be seen the picture of eyesight plate clearly; By conversion relation between position, optical system parameter and the eyes diopter of eyesight plate, in the moving range of the eyesight plate of instrument, demarcate the diopter of each position correspondence, i.e. diopter.
Each the optics design of native system structural parameters:
The structural parameters of optical system are as shown in Figure 1: d1 is the distance of light source to collector lens 2, d2 is the distance of filtering hole 3 and collector lens 2, d3 is that filtering hole 3 is to triangle reflecting prism 4 first reflecting surface optical axis distances, d4 is first reflecting surface optical axis distance to the second reflecting surface optical axis distance of triangle reflecting prism 4, d5 is the distance of second reflecting surface of triangle reflecting prism to collimation lens 5, d6 is the distance of collimation lens 5 to resolving power test target 6, d7 is the distance (be variable) of resolving power test target 6 to imaging len 7, d8 is the reflecting surface optical axis distance of imaging len 7 to triangle reflecting prism 8, d9 be triangle reflecting prism 8 reflecting surface to the reflecting surface of triangle reflecting prism 9 apart from optical axis, d10 is that the reflecting surface of three corner reflectors 9 is to detected oculopupillary distance.
Wherein main optics: white light source 1 is white light LEDs (light emitting diode) or incandescent lamp light source on schedule; Filtering aperture 3 is 0.1 to 0.2mm frequency modulated light plate for garden shape light hole diameter, it can on the glass substrate by miniature, photoetching process or little being processed on sheet metal; Transmission-type vision resolution plate 6 as shown in Figure 3, it is to be about on the shape glass substrate of 15mm garden at diameter that to make character by technologies such as miniature, photoetching be that full impregnated is bright, the back of the body end is lighttight transmission-type vision resolution plate, it is made of the resolution standard of 12 grades of different sizes character E,, each grade character boundary and stroke the design and the calculating of thickness size be that root a tree name international standard logarithmic visual acuity chart is the basis, demarcating with 1 fen visual angle is 1.0, carries out the convergent-divergent design according to the imaging magnification of logarithmic visual acuity chart target common ratio value and optical system then; Collector lens 2 is a positive lens, and focal length is 25 to 35mm, and collimation lens 5 is a positive lens, and focal length is 300 to 400mm, and imaging len 7 is a positive lens, and focal length is 90 to 100mm.
Detection method is that tested human eye eye pupil is aimed at Eye point and finely tuned, and makes the light pencil of convergence pass minim gap in the cataractous eye patient crystalline lens at retina image-forming, watches resolving power test target 6 to pass through the picture of 7 one-tenth of imaging lens.The position of regulating resolving power test target 6 again is till seeing resolving power test target 6 clearly, read the diopter that correspondence position is demarcated, careful survey again, can recognize the opening direction of the character E at different levels in the vision resolution plate, pairing that one-level of opening direction that can make out minimum character E is looked resolving power, is the eyesight of tested eye.
Embodiment
System structure parameter and each optics design example:
The concrete parameter of system architecture and the design of each optics is the following is example:
The focal distance f 1=30mm of collector lens 2, the focal distance f 2=370mm of collimation lens 5, the focal distance f 3=95mm of imaging len 7, filtering aperture 3 is 165mm to the distance of collimation lens 5, collimation lens 5 is 215mm to the distance of imaging len 7, filtering aperture 3 clear aperture d=0.2mm..
Calculate through theory of geometric optics:
Under above-mentioned optical system situation, calculate the position of the pairing eyesight plate of the different diopters of eyes, calculate when diopter D during from-7～+ 12 variations eyesight Board position situation of change as shown in table 1:
Diopter D-7-6-5-4-3
Eyesight plate object distance d7-20.53-32.76-44.39-55.48-66.04
Diopter D-2-1 0+1+2
Eyesight plate object distance d7-76.13-85.78-95-103.83-112.3
Diopter D+3+4+5+6+7
Eyesight plate object distance d7-120.42-128.22-135.72-142.92-149.86
Diopter D+8+9+10+11+12
Eyesight plate object distance d7-156.54-162.97-169.18-175.17-180.96
Table 1 eyesight plate object distance and diopter relation data
Eyesight plate object distance d7 in the table is the distance of foregoing resolving power test target 6 to imaging len 7; The unit of diopter D is 100 degree that 1 diopter is equivalent to get the right lensses for one's eyeglasses, positive and negative number expression long sight and myopia.
An imaging relations and a conduit made of long bamboo feel effect during eyesight plate diverse location
Provable by Theoretical Calculation and experiment, no matter the eyesight plate is positioned at imaging len 7 focal lengths with still beyond focal length, and imaging just all is the same on retina, and the size variation of its picture is also little.Its reason is that the position of eyesight plate is to move variation from the position near imaging len 7 in the position range of two focus length.In the time of in the eyesight plate is in imaging len 7 focal lengths, the eyesight plate is the upright virtual image of amplification by the picture of 7 one-tenths of imaging lens, as the position in eyes the place ahead; Along with the eyesight plate away from imaging len 7, when moving to the focus place, image in unlimited distance; When the eyesight plate is positioned at beyond the focus of imaging len 7, this moment, the eyesight plate was by 7 one-tenth real images of imaging len, and the position of picture is at the rear of eyes, object distance is for just for eyes, and the equivalent focal length of eyes is for just, so same by the positive paraphase of picture that magnifier becomes with the eyesight plate by eyes imaging on retina.When the eyesight plate continued away from imaging len 7, image space can be more and more nearer from eyes accordingly, when the eyesight plate from imaging len 7 focal lengths with interior to 2 times of focal length moving process, the diopter of corresponding tested eyes is dull increasing.Therefore, when tested eyes place and relaxation state a certain distance can see the eyesight plate clearly as, just can calculate and this diopter apart from corresponding tested eyes.When observing with eyes, just being poured on of the eyesight plate of being seen but is constant in the whole scope of activities.And the size variation of the picture of being seen is also very little.The measurement that does not affect one's power of vision fully.Can satisfy the needs that system tests the different patients of diopter.
Claims (6)
1. the optical system of a transmission-type sight tester, it focuses on filtering aperture (3) by the white light that light source (1) sends through collector lens (2), light beam through aperture filtering is turned back by triangle reflecting prism (4) secondary reflection, produce quasi-parallel light by collimation lens (5) again, this quasi-parallel rayed transmission-type vision resolution plate (6), transmission-type vision resolution plate is by imaging len (7) imaging, eyes viewpoint Eye (10) is by triangle reflecting prism (9), triangle reflecting prism (8) is watched the picture of this vision resolution plate, can recognize that the opening direction of the character E of minimum in the vision resolution plate gives a test of one's eyesight; It is characterized in that: the light beam of filtering aperture outgoing promptly is equivalent to the filtering aperture and becomes to dwindle picture point at the Eye point by collimation lens, transmission-type vision resolution plate and imaging len, be converted into the imaging beam of diameter≤0.1mm at the Eye point.
2. the optical system of transmission-type sight tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: filtering aperture (3) is a garden shape light hole, and its logical light hole diameter is 0.1 to 0.2mm frequency modulated light plate.
3. the optical system of transmission-type sight tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: triangle reflecting prism (8) and triangle reflecting prism (9) change the orientation of watching that optical path direction decides tested eye.
The optical system of 4 transmission-type sight testers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: transmission-type vision resolution plate (6) between the imaging len (7) apart from d7 by zero to variable 2 times the focal length of imaging len.
5. the optical system of transmission-type sight tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: vision resolution plate (6) is to make character E for complete black by miniature, photoetching process on glass substrate, light tight, the back of the body end, is for putting one's cards on the table, the transmission-type vision resolution plate of printing opacity, it forms 12 grades resolution standard by the big small characters E of difference, and the opening of E is towards different the arrangement arranged in each grade character.
6. the optical system of transmission-type sight tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: light source (1) adopts white light emitting diode or incandescent lamp light source on schedule, filtering aperture (3) be on the glass substrate by miniature, photoetching process or on sheet metal little logical light aperture of garden shape of being processed into, collector lens (2), collimation lens (5), imaging len (7) are positive lens.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520025685 CN2840091Y (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2005-04-26 | Optical system for transmission type eyesight detecting instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200520025685 CN2840091Y (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2005-04-26 | Optical system for transmission type eyesight detecting instrument |
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| CN2840091Y true CN2840091Y (en) | 2006-11-22 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100369575C (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2008-02-20 | 南开大学 | Optical system and detection method of transmission eyesight detecting instrument |
| CN101317753B (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2011-05-04 | 长春奥普光电技术股份有限公司 | Multifunctional sight detecting instrument |
-
2005
- 2005-04-26 CN CN 200520025685 patent/CN2840091Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100369575C (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2008-02-20 | 南开大学 | Optical system and detection method of transmission eyesight detecting instrument |
| CN101317753B (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2011-05-04 | 长春奥普光电技术股份有限公司 | Multifunctional sight detecting instrument |
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