CN1720857A - Human eye aberration and corneal surface shape measuring system based on micro-prism array shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor - Google Patents
Human eye aberration and corneal surface shape measuring system based on micro-prism array shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a human eye aberration and corneal surface shape measuring system based on a micro-prism array shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, which consists of a pupil or corneal illumination light source, a spectroscope, a pupil imaging objective lens, a CCD, a beacon light source, a beacon light collimation system, a caliber control device, a reflector, a front group focusing objective lens, a rear group focusing objective lens, a caliber matching system, a shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor based on a micro-prism array, a target system, a computer and an additional measuring lens, can realize two functions of measuring human eye aberration and corneal surface shape, is convenient and easy to switch, can obtain low-grade and high-grade aberration data and corneal surface shape data of human eyes at one time, is convenient to know the characteristics and the relation among the whole aberration, the corneal aberration and the internal aberration of the human eyes, and avoids errors caused by adopting different instruments to respectively measure the human eye aberration and the corneal aberration in the prior art, more accurate and sufficient diagnosis data can be provided for medical clinics.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of human eye aberration and cornea surface shape measurement system based on microprism array Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor, is the same instrument of a kind of employing, can realize simultaneously that human eye aberration is measured and the optical system of eye cornea surface surface shape measurement.
Background technology
The monochromatic aberration of human eye as out of focus, astigmatism etc. and some higher order aberratons, as coma, spherical aberration or the like, can cause the reduction of retina image-forming quality, and causes the decline of subjective vision impression.At aspects such as rudimentary, the senior aberration measurement of human eye, optical fundus retina image-forming technology, Shack commonly used-Hartmann's human eye aberration measuring system.This class measuring system is primarily characterized in that the Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor that is based on microlens array (" Visual Performance after correcting the monochromaticand chromatic aberrations of the eye " Geun-Young Yoon and DavidR.Williams of employing, J.Opt.Soc.Am.A/Vol.19, No.2/February).At present, a kind of novel Hartmann wave front sensor based on microprism array has been invented success (see Chinese patent application number 03126430.1 and 200310100168.1), it is simple in structure, stable, with respect to existing Hartmann sensor technology based on microlens array, can simplify installation, regulate, reduce production costs.Aspect the human eye aberration measurement, can not have equally based on the Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor of microprism array and to realize rudimentary to human eye intrusively and measurement senior aberration, this technology has been applied for some national patents (seeing Chinese patent application 03126431.X, 200410009116.8 and 200410009043.2) in the application of aspects such as human eye aberration measurement, human eye correction for higher order aberrations visual simulation.
Except the measurement of human eye overall aberration, scientists also begins to pay close attention to some special constructions of human eye, as the characteristic of cornea and crystalline lens etc. and optical surface shape independently thereof.These information have very important meaning for optical characteristics and the effect each other of understanding each structure of human eye.The cornea revision of external coat is just by revising the overall aberration that cornea shape is corrected human eye, therefore, not only be necessary to understand the overall aberration of human eye, also need diagonal angle face shape, aberration to measure, and the relation between analysis human eye overall aberration and the corneal aberration, and the relative equilibrium relation between corneal aberration and the people's intraccular part aberration etc., could provide more accurate, sufficient data for clinical medicine.
At present, there are some experiment mechanisms to begin one's study to adopt corneal topography measuring system based on projection, as laser interferometer, perhaps based on the corneal topography measuring system that reflects, wait and measure corneal topography as keratometer, video cornea measuring instrument (videokeratoscope), calculate corneal aberration, measure the technology of human eye overall aberration again with Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor.But what measure corneal topography and the employing of measurement human eye aberration is two kinds of different instruments, the different axiss of reference of looking is arranged in measurement, cause when calculating corneal aberration and calculate people's intraccular part aberration, producing error, as document (" Videokeratoscope-line-of-sight misalignment and its effect onmeasurements of corneal and internal coular aberrations ", J.Opt.Soc.Am.A19,657-669,2002) introduced in.
Summary of the invention
Technology provided by the present invention is dealt with problems and is: both energy measurement human eye overall aberration is provided, again simultaneously diagonal angle face shape measure human eye aberration and cornea surface shape measurement system based on microprism array Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor, what adopt when it measures human eye aberration and cornea face shape is same instrument, and can obtain once that human eye is rudimentary, senior aberration data and corneal aberration data, be convenient to understand the relation between overall aberration, corneal aberration and its characteristic of people's intraccular part aberration and the three of human eye; Avoided simultaneously the different instruments of available technology adopting to measure the error that human eye aberration and corneal aberration bring respectively again.
Technical solution of the present invention is: based on the human eye aberration and the cornea surface shape measurement system of microprism array Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor: it is by pupil or cornea lighting source, spectroscope (is positioned at human eye the place ahead, the antireflection part beacon beam enters the pupil imaging system, and transillumination enters measures light path), the pupil image-forming objective lens, ccd detector, the beacon light source, the beacon beam colimated light system, the bore control device, reflecting mirror (between bore control device and focusing system), preceding group focusing object lens, back group focusing object lens, spectroscope (between focusing system and beacon beam colimated light system), the bore matching system, reflecting mirror (being arranged in the bore matching system), Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor based on microprism array, spectroscope (between focusing system and goal systems), goal systems, computer and the additional lens of measuring are formed.
Described Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor based on microprism array mainly is made up of microprism array, fourier transform lens (or imaging len) and the photoelectric coupled device (as ccd detector) of sawtooth shaped phase optical grating construction, wherein fourier transform lens (or imaging len) is near microprism array, and photoelectric coupled device is positioned on fourier transform lens (or imaging len) focal plane.
Principle of the present invention is: on based on the basis of the human eye aberration Shack-Hartmann measuring instrument of microprism array (seeing Chinese invention patent application number 03126431.X), by a bore control device, change beacon beam incident bore (becoming angle pencil of ray) in the human eye aberration instrument by light pencil, and with the additional lens of measuring, measure the axial adjustment of lens by this, the beacon beam of angle pencil of ray is focused on the interior focus of cornea curved surface, reflect through anterior surface of cornea, by additional measurement collimated is directional light, enter the human eye aberration measuring instrument again, can realize measurement eye cornea surface face shape.And existing Shack based on microprism array-Hartmann's human eye aberration measuring instrument is when measuring the human eye overall aberration, be to inject ophthalmic from pupil with a branch of light pencil, assemble the back at hot spot of optical fundus formation through human eye, after the scattering of optical fundus, penetrate from pupil, using the wavefront error of measuring this Shu Guang based on the Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor of microprism array, promptly is the aberration of human eye.The present invention transforms existing Shack based on microprism array-Hartmann's human eye aberration measuring instrument, can realize the measurement of cornea face shape and human eye overall aberration in same system.
Described human eye aberration Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor based on the microprism lens array, mainly form by microprism array, fourier transform lens (or image-forming objective lens) and the photoelectric coupled device (as ccd detector) of sawtooth shaped phase optical grating construction, wherein fourier transform lens (or imaging len) is near microprism array, and photoelectric coupled device is positioned on fourier transform lens (or imaging len) focal plane.
System's field stop face or field stop real image face also are added with the confocal wave-filtration optical door screen, and the confocal wave-filtration optical door screen places the public focus place of the preceding group of lens and the back group lens of preceding group of the bore matching system and group lens public focus place, back or focusing system.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art: the present invention with this Function Coupling of measurement of eye cornea face shape to Shack-Hartmann's human eye aberration instrument based on microprism array, by additional optical element, just can not only realize that human eye aberration measures, but also realizes the measurement of diagonal angle face shape, avoid the error of using different apparatus measures to bring.This system structure is simple, easy switching between human eye aberration measurement and the cornea surface shape measurement function is easy to operate, on the prior art basis, realized the extension of human eye aberration gage functions, make one-shot measurement just can access cornea face shape, human eye overall aberration data, help to understand optical characteristics, corneal aberration and people's intraccular part aberration of eye cornea and aberration balancing mode each other, be clinical medicine, particularly optometry rectification and eye surgery etc. provide more accurate sufficient diagnosis foundation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system structure theory diagram of the present invention.System works is under human eye aberration measurement state, and beam path is shown in dash area among the figure (light pencil bore); When under cornea surface shape measurement function, system works is under illustrated angle pencil of ray bore;
Fig. 2 is the additional measurement lens measured angular face shape principle schematic among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the human eye aberration Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor based on the microprism lens array of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is made up of pupil or cornea lighting source 2, spectroscope 3, pupil image-forming objective lens 4, CCD 5, beacon light source 6, beacon beam colimated light system 7, bore control device 8, reflecting mirror 9, spectroscope 10, preceding group of focusing object lens 11, back group focusing object lens 12, spectroscope 13, bore matching system 14, reflecting mirror 15, confocal wave-filtration optical door screen 16, Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor 17, goal systems 18, computer 19 and additional lens 20 of measuring based on microprism array, wherein, pupil or cornea lighting source (2) are positioned at human eye side the place ahead; The additional lens (20) of measuring are near human eye, and its focus overlaps with focus in the cornea curved surface; Spectroscope (3) is positioned at human eye the place ahead, and the pupil image-forming objective lens is positioned at the reflection direction of spectroscope (3), and CCD (5) is positioned on the focal plane of pupil image-forming objective lens; Beacon light source (6), beacon beam colimated light system (7), bore control device (8), reflecting mirror (9), spectroscope (10), preceding group of focusing object lens (11), back group focusing object lens (12), spectroscope (3) are formed the beacon beam input light path jointly; Spectroscope (13) and goal systems (18) place the place ahead of spectroscope (10); Bore matching system (14) is positioned at the beam reflection direction of spectroscope (13), and reflecting mirror (15) is arranged in bore matching system (14) light path; Be positioned at the light path outlet of bore matching system (14) based on the Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor (17) of microprism array; Computer (19) applies control signal to CCD (5) with based on the Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor (17) of microprism array, and the line data of going forward side by side is handled.
Pupil among the present invention or cornea lighting source can be near-infrared luminous diodes; Beacon light source wherein can be the LD semiconductor laser; Bore control device 8 wherein can be a rotary signal device; Utilize 8 feasible beam sizes to diminish, the light pencil that human eye aberration is measured to be needed can be provided by it; Utilize 8 to make the beam size that passes through it become big, then can emit the required angle pencil of ray of cornea surface shape measurement; The additional lens 20 of measuring are through good anaberration design, and be provided with vertical optical axis direction and bidimensional guiding mechanism axially, the cornea curvature that can adapt to Different Individual, the interior focus that beacon beam is accommodated to cornea as shown in Figure 2, and by the immigration in system or be shifted out the switching that realizes between the difference in functionality state.
System can be operated in the cornea surface shape measurement and human eye aberration is measured under two functions, carefully states as follows:
When system works in cornea surface shape measurement function following time, at first carrying out pupil aims at, with measured human eye 1 pupil of lighting source 2 illuminations, by spectroscope 3 reflections, by pupil image-forming objective lens 4 measured human eye 1 pupil is imaged on CCD 5 target surfaces, with the video frequency collection card in the video signal input computer 19 of CCD 5 outputs, be presented on the computer display in real time again.Adjust the instrument position, make measured human eye 1 pupil center be positioned at the instrument optical axis center, again the target of an infinity in the focusing system of forming by spectroscope 3, preceding group of focusing object lens 11 and back group focusing object lens 12 with eyes by the measured, spectroscope 10, the spectroscope 13 object observing systems 18.After finishing aligning, send beacon beam by beacon light source 6, collimate, decontrol bore control device 8 to big clear aperture by beacon beam colimated light system 7, make beacon beam become angle pencil of ray, after reflecting mirror 9 reflections, through spectroscope 10 reflections, pass through focusing system again, see through spectroscope 3, see through the additional lens 20 of measuring, adjust the additional lens of measuring, make beacon beam focus on the interior focus place of cornea.The reflected light of anterior surface of cornea becomes collimated light beam by additional lens 20 collimations of measuring again, see through spectroscope 3 and focusing system, see through spectroscope 10 again, through spectroscope 13 reflections, enter bore matching system 14, reflecting mirror 15, emergent light enters the Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor 17 based on microprism array, in the video signal input computer 19 of Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor 17 with CCD output, is calculated the face shape of measured human eye 1 cornea by computer 19.Bore matching system 14 real focal plane places wherein, or the public focus place of the preceding group of lens 11 of focusing system and back group lens 12 is provided with confocal wave-filtration optical door screen 16, only by the anterior surface of cornea reflected light, the veiling glare that occurs in can filtering appts.
Finish after the measurement of cornea face shape, system promptly can be operated under the function of human eye overall aberration measurement: change the clear aperture of bore control device 8, make beacon beam become light pencil, and will add measurement lens 20 and shift out outside the system.Identical with cornea surface shape measurement program, at first carrying out pupil aims at, with pupil or measured human eye 1 pupil of cornea lighting source 2 illuminations, by spectroscope 3 reflections, by pupil image-forming objective lens 4 measured human eye 1 pupil is imaged on CCD 5 target surfaces, with the video frequency collection card in the video signal input computer 19 of CCD 5 outputs, be presented on the computer display in real time again.Adjust the instrument position, make measured human eye 1 pupil center be positioned at the instrument optical axis center, the target of an infinity in the focusing system of forming by spectroscope 3, preceding group of focusing object lens 11 and back group focusing object lens 12 with eyes by the measured, spectroscope 10, the spectroscope 13 object observing systems 18 again, adjust focusing system, make target clear at fundus imaging.After finishing aligning, focusing, the beacon beam after being sent, collimated by beacon beam colimated light system 7 by beacon light source 6 is after bore control device 8 becomes light pencil, through reflecting mirror 9 reflections, through spectroscope 10 reflections, pass through focusing system again, see through spectroscope 3 at last, enter measured human eye 1; The beacon beam of measured human eye 1 optical fundus scattering sees through spectroscope 3 and focusing system, see through spectroscope 10 again, through spectroscope 13 reflections, enter bore matching system 14, reflecting mirror 15, emergent light enters the Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor 17 based on microprism array, in the video signal input computer 19 of pick off 17 with CCD output, calculate the aberration of measured human eye 1 by computer 19.At this moment, bore matching system 14 real focal plane places wherein, or the confocal wave-filtration optical door screen 16 at the public focus place of the preceding group of lens 11 of focusing system and back group lens 12 only allow the optical fundus scattered light to pass through again, can be with the filtering of cornea veiling glare.
As shown in Figure 3, Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor based on microprism array mainly is made up of microprism array 31, fourier transform lens (or imaging len) 32 and the photoelectric coupled device (as ccd detector) 33 of sawtooth shaped phase optical grating construction, wherein fourier transform lens (or imaging len) 32 is near microprism array 31, and photoelectric coupled device 33 is positioned on fourier transform lens (or imaging len) 31 focal planes.
Based on the human eye aberration Hartmann pick off of microprism array by operation principle be: incident beam is behind microprism array 31, the light beam in each sub-aperture has produced the respective phase variation respectively, by being close to fourier transform lens (or imaging len) 32 imagings thereafter, survey its light distribution by the photoelectric coupled device 33 that is positioned on fourier transform lens (or imaging len) focal plane, this light distribution is comprising the phase information that two-dimentional sawtooth shaped phase grating array is produced, the phase place that each sub-aperture produced changes different, thereby on fourier transform lens (or imaging len) focal plane, forming a spot array, the overall optical beam orifice is evenly cut apart.The spot array that the incident of standard flat ripple produces will be saved and be used as nominal data.
When having the wavefront incident of certain aberration, each local dip plane wave produces new additive phase to two-dimentional sawtooth shaped phase grating in its sub-aperture, and this phase place changes in the facula position skew that will be reflected to fourier transform lens (or imaging len) focal plane.
The hot spot signal that photoelectric coupled device 33 receives can be handled by computer, adopts centroid algorithm: the position (x that is 1. calculated hot spot by formula
i, y
i), the corrugated control information of detection full aperture:
In the formula, m=1～M, n=1～N are that sub-aperture is mapped to pixel region corresponding on photoelectric coupled device 33 photosensitive target surfaces 34, I
NmBe (n, the m) signal received of individual pixel-by-pixel basis, x on photoelectric coupled device 33 photosensitive target surfaces 34
Nm, y
NmBe respectively (n, m) the x coordinate of individual pixel and y coordinate.
2. calculate the wavefront slope g of incident wavefront again according to formula
Xi, g
Yi:
In the formula, (x
0, y
0) demarcate the spot center reference position that Hartmann sensor obtains for the standard flat ripple; During Hartmann sensor probing wave front-distortion, spot center is displaced to (x
i, y
i), finish the detection of Hartmann wave front sensor to signal.
Claims (5)
1, human eye aberration and cornea surface shape measurement system based on microprism array Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor, it is characterized in that: it is by pupil or cornea lighting source (2), spectroscope (3), pupil image-forming objective lens (4), CCD (5), beacon light source (6), beacon beam colimated light system (7), bore control device (8), reflecting mirror (9), spectroscope (10), preceding group focusing object lens (11), back group focusing object lens (12), spectroscope (13), bore matching system (14), reflecting mirror (15), Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor (17) based on microprism array, goal systems (18), computer (19) and the additional lens (20) of measuring are formed, wherein, pupil or cornea lighting source (2) are positioned at human eye side the place ahead; The additional lens (20) of measuring are near human eye, and its focus overlaps with focus in the cornea curved surface; Spectroscope (3) is positioned at human eye the place ahead, and the pupil image-forming objective lens is positioned at the reflection direction of spectroscope (3), and CCD (5) is positioned on the focal plane of pupil image-forming objective lens; Beacon light source (6), beacon beam colimated light system (7), bore control device (8), reflecting mirror (9), spectroscope (10), preceding group of focusing object lens (11), back group focusing object lens (12), spectroscope (3) are formed the beacon beam input light path jointly; Spectroscope (13) and goal systems (18) place the place ahead of spectroscope (10); Bore matching system (14) is positioned at the beam reflection direction of spectroscope (13), and reflecting mirror (15) is arranged in bore matching system (14) light path; Be positioned at the light path outlet of bore matching system (14) based on the Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor (17) of microprism array.
2, human eye aberration and cornea surface shape measurement system based on microprism array Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor based on microprism array mainly is made up of microprism array, fourier transform lens (or imaging len) and the photoelectric coupled device (as ccd detector) of sawtooth shaped phase optical grating construction, wherein fourier transform lens (or imaging len) is near microprism array, and photoelectric coupled device is positioned on fourier transform lens (or imaging len) focal plane.
3, human eye aberration and cornea surface shape measurement system based on microprism array Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: 'go'gage control device (8) changes the beacon light beam bore.
4, human eye aberration and cornea surface shape measurement system based on microprism array Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: system's field stop face or field stop real image face also are added with confocal wave-filtration optical door screen (16).
5, human eye aberration and cornea surface shape measurement system based on microprism array Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described confocal wave-filtration optical door screen (16) places preceding group and the preceding group of lens (11) of group lens public focus place, back or focusing system and the public focus place of back group lens (12) of bore matching system (14).
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| CN101803906A (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2010-08-18 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Automatic defocusing compensation human eye aberration Hartmann measuring instrument |
| CN101963543A (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2011-02-02 | 上海理工大学 | System and method for testing lens parameters based on Hartmann-Shark sensor |
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| CN104274152A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2015-01-14 | 上海嫦娥光学仪器科技有限公司 | Medical refractormeter and refraction method thereof |
| CN104274152B (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-09-14 | 上海嫦娥光学仪器科技有限公司 | A kind of medical treatment eye refractometer and optometry method thereof |
| CN105615825A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-06-01 | 上海美沃精密仪器有限公司 | Cornea surface contour obtaining system and use method thereof |
| CN110987382A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-10 | 上海唯视锐光电技术有限公司 | Measuring equipment and measuring method for laser display color speckles |
| CN112754420A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-07 | 瑞尔明康(杭州)视光科技有限公司 | Wavefront aberration measurement system, associated visual perception learning training system and method |
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