CN2801784Y

CN2801784Y - Environmental protection type cleaning gasification device of combustible powder

Info

Publication number: CN2801784Y
Application number: CN 200520005280
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢正滔; 王明坤; 姜从斌; 钱永康
Original assignee: Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute
Current assignee: Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute
Priority date: 2005-03-08
Filing date: 2005-03-08
Publication date: 2006-08-02
Anticipated expiration: 2015-03-08

Abstract

The utility model relates to an environmental protection type cleaning gasification device of combustible powder, which comprises a spraying gun, a furnace body, a hot wall-shaped pipe, a quick cooler and a gas-liquid separation tank. The purpose made spraying gun is axially installed on the top of the furnace body, and the periphery of the furnace body is provided with the annular hot wall pipe. The inner side of the annular hot wall pipe is provided with refractory material, and the bottom of the furnace body is connected with the gas-liquid separation tank through the quick cooler. The purpose made spraying gun is mainly composed of a central oxygen pipe, an annular combustible powder pipe and an annular steam pipe. The central oxygen pipe, the annular combustible powder pipe and the annular steam pipe all form sleeve barrel type structures of cylindrical pipes and conical pipes and are combined together by welding. The quick cooler is mainly composed of a cooling circular barrel body and cooling medium conveying pipes, and the utility model is provided with a plurality of cooling medium conveying pipes which are arranged on the circumference of the cooling circular barrel body along the circumferential direction. The utility model has the advantages of high gasification reaction temperature, high gasification efficiency, no pollution and simple structure.

Description

A kind of environmental-protection combustible powder clean gasifying apparatus

Technical field

The utility model relates to and a kind of combustible powder is carried out the process unit of airtight pressurized gasification, particularly a kind of environmental-protection combustible powder clean gasifying apparatus.

Background technology

A large amount of at home at present gasification technologies that use are mainly normal pressure immovable bed gasification technology, the raw material that uses can only be coke or anthracite block coal, not only price is expensive, and the source channel of raw material is very restricted, generally can only use the anthracite block coal in Shanxi, gasification reaction temperature in this technology is lower simultaneously, gasification efficiency is very low, pollute heavy, make the output and the production cost of manufacturer all can not reach the ideal state, in the normal pressure immovable bed gasification technology, the gasification reaction temperature is about 800～1000 ℃, pressure in the burner hearth is a normal pressure, no spray gun, the ring-like pipe of hot wall, fast cooling device etc.

Meanwhile, domestic more existing units are developing new gasifying process, as the ash fusing fluidized bed gasification technology that pressurizes, four nozzle pressurized water coal slurry gasification technologies, but shortcoming is separately arranged all, and the industrialized unit that does not all also have success, though as the ash fusing fluidized bed gasification technology part of pressurizeing solved pollution problem, the gasification reaction temperature also has only about 800～1000 ℃, and efficient does not still reach the ideal level; And four nozzle pressurized water coal slurry gasification technologies adopt entrained flow bed gasification technology, with the coal water slurry is raw material, though technology advanced person, the gasification efficiency height, and it is pollution-free, but owing to be firebrick structure around the burner hearth, make the gasification reaction temperature still restricted, can only arrive about 1350 ℃, if make this technology reach the ideal effect, can only adopt the fat coal in several places, as Huating coal etc., not only price is higher, and output is limited, concerning the manufacturer of great majority application gasification technology, this technology can't realize.

Summary of the invention

Technology of the present utility model is dealt with problems: overcomes above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, and a kind of gasification reaction temperature height, gasification efficiency height, pollution-free is provided, and environmental-protection combustible powder clean gasifying apparatus simple in structure.

Technical solution of the present utility model is: a kind of environmental-protection combustible powder clean gasifying apparatus, comprise spray gun, body of heater, hot wall shape pipe, fast cooling device, knockout drum, special spray gun axially is installed in the top of body of heater, be provided with the ring-like pipe of hot wall around the body of heater, there is refractory materials the inboard of the ring-like pipe of hot wall, and the bottom of body of heater is connected with knockout drum by the fast cooling device.

Described extraordinary spray gun mainly by be used for oxygen delivery to the central oxygen tracheae of burner hearth, be used for combustible powder and rare gas element be transported to the ring-like pipe of combustible powder of burner hearth, the ring-like pipe of water vapor that is used for water vapor is transported to burner hearth is formed, central oxygen tracheae, the ring-like pipe of combustible powder, the ring-like pipe of water vapor are the telescoping structure that cylindrical tube adds conical tube, lump together by soldering group, and be installed on the top of body of heater.

Described fast cooling device mainly is made up of cooling cylinder, cooling medium transport pipe, and cooling medium transport pipe is a plurality of, and circumferential arrangement is around the cylinder of lowering the temperature, and by being installed on the bottom of body of heater.

Combustible powder is by handling, make the tiny powder of exsiccant, pass through the special spray gun that install at the body of heater top by combustible powder again with rare gas element (as N2, C02 etc.) positive delivery, axially enter in the burner hearth, at high temperature carry out partial oxidation reaction with the oxygen of together carry, water vapor etc., generate synthetic gas.In the utility model, the gasification reaction temperature range of burner hearth is 1400～1800 ℃, and pressure range is 1.5Mpa～10Mpa.The synthetic gas of this moment contains a large amount of ash, and the product that generates simultaneously after the reaction also has granular slag.The pyritous synthetic gas at first will intersegmentally connect cooling through one in the burner hearth of body of heater, cooling is to realize by the ring-like pipe radiation thermal conduction of hot wall around the intravital burner hearth of stove, intersegmental to connect refrigerative synthetic gas temperature still very high through one, synthetic gas and the slag of this moment will be through fast cooling devices in the bottom of burner hearth of the furnace body, forced conveyance than the much lower liquid of synthetic gas temperature or gas by the fast cooling device, with synthetic gas and slag thorough mixing, by direct heat exchange synthetic gas and slag are cooled off, if the heat-eliminating medium of forced conveyance is a liquid, as water etc., then also a part of ash separation in the synthetic gas can be come out, in knockout drum, be deposited in the cryogenic media, the slag treatment system that ash content after the sedimentation together enters the bottom together with slag by the slag outlet, and synthetic gas (temperature is about 800 ℃) then is transported to the dedusting and the washing system in downstream by syngas outlet in knockout drum.

Advantage of the present utility model is in following several respects:

Since the work such as subsequent disposal of conveying, reaction and the synthetic gas of material all in closed pipeline or container, carry out, and the pollutant component in synthetic gas and the sewage all will be handled by known maturation process, behind the airtight pressurized gasification, pollutent can be collected, handle by maturation process, therefore, the utlity model has free of contamination advantage;

2. gasification reaction temperature height is 1400～1800 ℃, even the very high combustible powder of ash fusion point also can be realized very high efficiency gasification by the utility model.So wide adaptability of raw material, basically combustiblematerialss such as coal Anywhere or rubbish all can be used as raw material of the present utility model, concerning chemical fertilizer and chemical enterprise that will or use the coal head, can realize the localization of raw material easily by the utility model, the price of raw material per ton is reduced greatly, reduce production costs;

3. gasification reaction efficient height, the utility model are advanced powder entrained flow bed gasification technology, and user's coal consumption is reduced greatly, further reduce production costs;

4. technique device reliability height of the present utility model, invest little, especially concerning the medium and small fertilizer enterprises of China, present limited fund, exigence undergoes technological transformation again, uses the utility model and can reach the effect that investment is little, efficient is high, reduce production costs and increase economic benefit, minimizing pollution, improve product technology content.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a special spray gun structure synoptic diagram among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the fast cooling apparatus structure synoptic diagram among Fig. 1.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model mainly comprises special spray gun 1, body of heater 2, the ring-like pipe 3 of hot wall, body of heater 4, fast cooling device 5, knockout drum 6, oxygen, water vapor, combustible powder is transported to extraordinary spray gun 1 by pressure, axially deliver in the burner hearth by extraordinary spray gun 1 again, extraordinary spray gun 1 is connected with body of heater 2 by its mounting plate 14 usefulness bolts, and be installed on the top of body of heater 2, body of heater 2 is general pressurized vessels, be provided with the ring-like pipe 3 of hot wall around the burner hearth, the ring-like pipe 3 of hot wall adopts special material, heat resisting pipe as 13CrMo44 is processed into desired structure, what flow in the ring-like pipe 3 of hot wall is high pressure water, effusive is high pressure water and steam, the inboard of the ring-like pipe 3 of hot wall is provided with refractory materials 4, and refractory materials 4 can be selected materials such as ceramic fiber for use, and the temperature of burner hearth is 1400～1800 ℃, by the effect of refractory materials 4 and the ring-like pipe 3 of hot wall, the temperature of body of heater 2 can be reduced to about 200 ℃.The material of carrying by extraordinary spray gun 1 reacts the generation synthetic gas under the hot environment of burner hearth, high pressure water in the ring-like pipe 3 cools off high-temperature synthesis gas indirectly by hot wall in the bottom of burner hearth, enter fast cooling device 5 then, in fast cooling device 5, synthetic gas directly mixes with carrying the liquid or the gaseous media more much lower than synthetic gas temperature of coming in, and temperature is reduced, enter knockout drum 6 afterwards, in knockout drum 6, synthetic gas is exported from top, and liquid and slag are exported from the bottom.Fast cooling device 5 is connected with the bottom of body of heater 2 and the top of knockout drum 6 by bolt.

As shown in Figure 2, extraordinary spray gun 1 mainly is made up of central oxygen tracheae 11, the ring-like pipe 12 of combustible powder, the ring-like pipe 13 of water vapor, central oxygen tracheae 11, the ring-like pipe 12 of combustible powder, the ring-like pipe 13 of water vapor all are that cylindrical tube adds the conical tube structure, material all is a high temperature steel, assembly welding becomes the structure of requirement, and is installed on the top of body of heater 2 by mounting plate 14.Oxygen delivers into burner hearth by central oxygen tracheae 11, and combustible powder and rare gas element deliver into burner hearth by the ring-like pipe 12 of combustible powder, and water vapor delivers into burner hearth by the ring-like pipe 13 of water vapor, then at the burner hearth internal reaction.

As shown in Figure 3, fast cooling device 5 is mainly by cooling cylinder 51, cooling medium transport pipe 52 is formed, cooling medium transport pipe 52 is a plurality of (getting final product greater than 2), circumferential arrangement is around cooling cylinder 51, all material is high temperature steel in the fast cooling device 5, the structure that assembly welding becomes to require, and be installed on the bottom of body of heater 2 by mounting plate 53, cooling medium (liquid such as water etc., gas such as synthetic gas etc.) enter cooling cylinder 51 by cooling medium transport pipe 52, mix with high-temperature synthesis gas and slag, and with its temperature reduction, all materials enter the knockout drum 6 in downstream then.

Claims

1, a kind of environmental-protection combustible powder clean gasifying apparatus, comprise body of heater, knockout drum, it is characterized in that: also comprise spray gun, the ring-like pipe of hot wall, fast cooling device, special spray gun axially is installed in the top of body of heater, be provided with the ring-like pipe of hot wall around the body of heater, there is refractory materials the inboard of the ring-like pipe of hot wall, and the bottom of body of heater is connected with knockout drum by the fast cooling device.

2, environmental-protection combustible powder clean gasifying apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described extraordinary spray gun mainly by be used for oxygen delivery to the central oxygen tracheae of burner hearth, be used for combustible powder and rare gas element be transported to the ring-like pipe of combustible powder of burner hearth, the ring-like pipe of water vapor that is used for water vapor is transported to burner hearth is formed, central oxygen tracheae, the ring-like pipe of combustible powder, the ring-like pipe of water vapor are the telescoping structure that cylindrical tube adds conical tube, lump together by soldering group.

3, environmental-protection combustible powder clean gasifying apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fast cooling device mainly is made up of cooling cylinder, cooling medium transport pipe, cooling medium transport pipe is a plurality of, and circumferential arrangement is around the cooling cylinder.