CN2788115Y - Cryogenic loop heat pipe for low-temperature integrated system - Google Patents

Cryogenic loop heat pipe for low-temperature integrated system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN2788115Y
CN2788115Y CN 200520005601 CN200520005601U CN2788115Y CN 2788115 Y CN2788115 Y CN 2788115Y CN 200520005601 CN200520005601 CN 200520005601 CN 200520005601 U CN200520005601 U CN 200520005601U CN 2788115 Y CN2788115 Y CN 2788115Y
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China
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reservoir
stainless steel
end cap
main evaporator
loop heat
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CN 200520005601
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莫青
蔡京辉
梁惊涛
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a cryrogenic return circuit heat pipe for among low temperature integrated system, include: the main evaporator and the liquid storage device are connected in series into a whole through a connecting pipe; the shell of the main evaporator is a hollow stainless steel pipe with an axial channel cut on the surface of an inner hole, and a cylindrical main liquid absorption core sintered by stainless steel powder is coaxially arranged in the hollow stainless steel pipe; a stainless steel wire mesh is filled between the right end cover of the liquid accumulator and the pipe shell of the liquid accumulator; further comprising: a capillary connector with a central bore coaxially disposed within the primary wick bore, the capillary connector extending into the reservoir via the bore of the connector tube; and a stainless steel annular thick wire mesh sheet is filled between the capillary connecting piece and the liquid storage device tube shell. The working medium counter-flow phenomenon generated when the cryogenic loop heat pipe is started can be effectively prevented, so that the successful starting of the cryogenic loop heat pipe is ensured, the heat transfer limit of the cryogenic loop heat pipe is possibly improved, and the cryogenic loop heat pipe can obtain more stable working performance.

Description

A kind of deep cold loop heat tube that is used for the low temperature integrated system
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the refrigeration and the loop heat pipe in cryogenic technique field, and particularly a kind of space is with the deep cold loop heat tube that is used in the low temperature integrated system improve Cryo Refrigerator and be cooled the device integrated relationship.
Background technology
Along with the development and the extensive use of cryogenic refrigeration machine technology, need to consider how to transmit the such problem of cold effectively at a distance more and more significantly.Therefore, should integrate the Cryo Refrigerator and the device that is cooled, regard a system rather than device as, can strengthen the refrigerating capacity of refrigeration system.
Current, the common method that connects the refrigeration machine and the device that is cooled is to carry out the heat conduction with copper rod, and its shortcoming is when hot transmission range is elongated, and the two ends temperature difference can be subjected to the restriction of heat conduction cross-sectional area.In order under the same temperature difference, to transmit more heat, just need to seek other heat-transferring method.As everyone knows, utilized a kind of so just effective heat-transfer equipment of heat pipe of phase-change heat transfer.But conventional heat pipe also is not suitable for remote heat transmission, can not avoid Cryo Refrigerator to the mechanical oscillation of device generation and the influence of electromagnetic interference of being cooled.
In order to adapt to remote heat transmission, loop heat pipe arises at the historic moment.Utilized the principle of phase-change heat transfer during its work equally.But, and can realize arranging quite flexibly because of the advantage of its structure makes it can grow distance, little temperature difference ground transmits a large amount of heats.But, be near the warm area work that the normal temperature loop heat pipe of working medium can only be 273K with ammonia (freezing point 195K).Along with the development of space exploration technology and cryogenic refrigeration machine technology, then require Cryo Refrigerator to be used for providing the working environment (100K is following) of deep cooling for various optics.Therefore, need development can be operated in the liquid nitrogen temperature (77K) and even the deep cold loop heat tube of low-temperature space more.
Loop heat pipe structurally generally is made up of evaporimeter, reservoir, steam and liquid transfer tube line and condenser five parts.Because evaporimeter and reservoir are assembled in together, thereby are regarded as parts usually.Evaporimeter is the parts that produce REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE pressure, thereby its structural design is the most important thing of whole loop design.The effect of reservoir is to guarantee that the imbibition core in the evaporimeter can be wetting by liquid always, and this is the necessary condition that capillary force produces, otherwise evaporimeter is easy to be dryouied, thereby causes loop heat pipe can not start or operational failure.The structurally available different modes of evaporimeter and reservoir couples together, and the known designs mode comprises: 1) reservoir can be directly and evaporimeter on waterpower, connect into an integral body; 2) reservoir and evaporimeter can couple together on waterpower by secondary core, and the two remains inseparable integral body; 3) reservoir and evaporimeter are thermal releases, be to be linked to each other by a short tube, and short tube are comprising the capillary connector that the waterpower coupling is provided; 4) reservoir and evaporimeter are connected by short tube, and in addition, the liquid of backflow is directly introduced in the evaporimeter by skirt.
Deep cold loop heat tube is operated in the profound hypothermia district, needs to adopt profound hypothermia working medium as working fluid.Thereby compare with the conventional circuit heat pipe, deep cold loop heat tube structurally also need increase a secondary evaporator and an air reservoir, to solve the temperature-fall period that shortens main evaporator and to guarantee to have under the normal temperature these two problems of enough bearing capacities.In addition, its flow resistance is big because the capillary pressure that profound hypothermia working medium can produce is little on the one hand, thereby makes the startup of deep cold loop heat tube very difficult; On the other hand because the deep cold loop heat tube scale is less, thereby the thickness of main imbibition core is subjected to the restriction of main evaporator shell size, thereby make boiling very easily occur in (especially true when the input thermal power is higher) in the kernel of main imbibition core, and then the easier failure of the startup that makes deep cold loop heat tube, limited its heat-transfer capability simultaneously.This problem also is one of problem of being run into aspect miniaturization of conventional circuit heat pipe.
Summary of the invention
Start the problem of difficulty and improve the maximum heat flow that it can transmit in order to solve deep cold loop heat tube, the utility model provides a kind of deep cold loop heat tube that is used for the low temperature integrated system.The working medium adverse current phenomenon that this deep cold loop heat tube takes place in the time of preventing the deep cold loop heat tube startup effectively, thereby can guarantee the successful startup of deep cold loop heat tube, simultaneously can improve the heat transport limitation of deep cold loop heat tube, and make it obtain more stable service behaviour.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
The deep cold loop heat tube that is used for the low temperature integrated system that the utility model provides comprises:
One main evaporator 11;
One reservoir 12; Described main evaporator 11 is connected into one with reservoir 12 by a tube connector 5;
Described main evaporator 11 comprises main evaporator shell 1, main evaporator left end cap 2, main evaporator right end cap 3 and main imbibition core 4, described main evaporator shell 1 is for being cut with the hollow stainless steel tube of axial slot on the bore area, the tubular master imbibition core 4 that coaxial placement is formed by the powder of stainless steel sintering in it, main evaporator left end cap 2 and main evaporator right end cap 3 are welded on the two ends of main evaporator shell 1 respectively;
Described reservoir 12 comprises reservoir shell 7, reservoir left end cap 6 and reservoir right end cap 8, and described reservoir shell 7 is the stainless steel tube of inner wall smooth, is filled with stainless steel cloth between its reservoir right end cap 8 and the reservoir shell 7; It is characterized in that, also comprise:
The coaxial capillary connector 9 that has central bore that is placed in described main imbibition core 4 endoporus, described capillary connector 9 extends in the reservoir 12 via the endoporus of tube connector 5 always;
Be filled with stainless steel cloth between described capillary connector 9 and the reservoir shell 7.Described tube connector 5 is a stainless steel tube.Described capillary connector 9 is rolled by stainless steel cloth and forms.Described main evaporator left end cap 2 and main evaporator right end cap 3 adopt stainless steel material to make.Described reservoir left end cap 6 and reservoir right end cap 8 adopt stainless steel material to make.
The deep cold loop heat tube that is used for the low temperature integrated system that the utility model provides, the shell 1 of its main evaporator 11 is made by the stainless steel tube that inner surface has cut axial slot.Shell 1 welds together with the modes such as being to use argon arc welding that is connected of main evaporator left end cap 2 and main evaporator right end cap 3.Coaxial placement is the tubular loose structure that is formed by the powder of stainless steel sintering in shell 1 endoporus, is main imbibition core.Reservoir 12 is made up of reservoir shell 7, reservoir left end cap 6 and reservoir right end cap 8.But the shell 7 of reservoir 12 is stainless steel tubes of inner wall smooth, and itself and left and right end cap also are to adopt welding manner to link together.Short tube (tube connector 5) by a thin-walled between main evaporator and reservoir links to each other, and this tube connector 5 also is the method that has adopted welding with being connected of main evaporator right end cap and reservoir left end cap.In addition, a capillary connector 9 that is formed by stainless steel filament net volume system is axially placed along main imbibition in-core hole and is extended in the reservoir 12 always.The part of this capillary connector 9 is secondary cores.The purpose of secondary core is by capillarity, the liquid in the reservoir 12 is drawn in the whole core of main imbibition core 4 of evaporimeter 11.Another part of this capillary connector 9 is a steam channel.This passage is for the bubble or the steam that are created in main imbibition core 4 cores are evacuated to reservoir.At last, the adverse current phenomenon of working medium in order to prevent to start is being filled the thick stainless steel filament net sheet of about 1mm near reservoir right end cap 8 places.Simultaneously, in the space of capillary connector outer surface and reservoir inner wall of tube shell, be filled with the thick silk netting of ring stainless steel of negligible amounts, when working to reduce deep cold loop heat tube, the interior interfacial fluctuation of gas-liquid of reservoir is to the influence of its temperature stability, thus the more stable service behaviour of acquisition.
In the startup and the course of work of deep cold loop heat tube, its main evaporator must satisfy following two conditions:
1) main imbibition core 4 must be wetting by liquid refrigerant always, and only in this way main imbibition core just can provide capillary pumped ability.This just capillary pressure has been kept steam and flowed back to circulation the main evaporator again after main evaporator is flowed to condenser condenses, and this process need not to use external impetus.If main imbibition core then can not produce capillary pumped phenomenon not by liquid-soaked, thereby cause system to start or fluid circulation can't be carried out.
2) existence of tolerable steam is the requisite characteristic of main evaporator: in fact, the formation of bubble is inevitable in the capillary evaporator core.Can not produce capillary force for fear of main evaporator, main imbibition core must be able to be tolerated the existence of steam.This is the precondition that realizes validity and reliability under any loop works condition.The reason that forms bubble in the main imbibition core has two: 1, near fluid temperature is increased to saturation temperature the time, be dissolved in the generation that incoagulable gas (NCG) in the supercooled liquid will cause bubble.2, thermic load is applied to the outer surface of main evaporator shell, will produce reverse hot-fluid by main imbibition core.That is to say, except most of hot-fluid at main imbibition core outer surface place because evaporation of liquid taken away by steam, remaining fraction hot-fluid can be from radially being transmitted to its kernel through main imbibition core, thereby cause the formation of steam in the core.If can not guarantee the liquid supply of main imbibition core in the main evaporator, then the expansion of gas or steam will cause deep cold loop heat tube to start.
The utility model integrates main evaporator 11 and reservoir 12, is can be wetting by liquid always in order to ensure the main imbibition core 4 in the main evaporator.The secondary core of capillary connector 9 can drive liquid and flow to main evaporator from reservoir, and it has guaranteed that main imbibition core 4 is always by liquid-soaked.So, just can produce the capillary pumped circulation that is used for keeping in the loop.In case main imbibition core 4 outer surface have the liquid evaporation, the liquid of secondary in-core will be sucked up to main imbibition core 4 outer surfaces, thereby make the evaporation at this place can continue to carry out.This capillary pumped pressure must be able to be kept the liquid flow between reservoir and main imbibition core.Because this flow path is very short, therefore the suction capactity of secondary core can constantly be drawn into liquid in the main evaporator.And the steam channel of capillary connector can be dispersed into the gas that has generated in the main imbibition core in the reservoir, thereby has prevented the phenomenon of dryouting of main evaporator, so guarantee deep cold loop heat tube startup and work can carry out smoothly.
The utility model is filled circular silk netting near the reservoir right end cap, can prevent to take place when reservoir pressure from raising the reverse flow of working medium effectively, thereby guaranteed carrying out smoothly of deep cold loop heat tube startup, and might make it obtain bigger heat transport limitation.In addition, owing to often be in the state of gas-liquid coexistence in the reservoir, when the input thermal power increases, will cause the interfacial fluctuation of gas-liquid in the reservoir, thereby cause the fluctuation of loop works temperature.In the space of capillary connector outer surface and reservoir inner wall of tube shell, fill the stainless steel annular crin net sheet of negligible amounts, can reduce in deep cold loop heat tube when work reservoir the interfacial fluctuation of gas-liquid to the influence of loop works temperature stability, thereby obtain more stable service behaviour.
The utility model solves the problem that deep cold loop heat tube starts difficulty, and working medium adverse current phenomenon takes place can prevent to start the time, and make boiling be not easy to occur in the main imbibition in-core nuclear, thereby guaranteed the successful startup of deep cold loop heat tube, simultaneously might improve the heat transport limitation of deep cold loop heat tube, and make it obtain more stable service behaviour.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section of main evaporator shell 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of tubular master imbibition core 4;
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is described further:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model; Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section of main evaporator shell 1; Fig. 3 is the structural representation of tubular master imbibition core 4; As seen from the figure, the deep cold loop heat tube that is used for the low temperature integrated system that the utility model provides comprises:
One main evaporator 11;
One reservoir 12; Described main evaporator 11 is connected into one with reservoir 12 by a tube connector 5;
Described main evaporator 11 comprises main evaporator shell 1, main evaporator left end cap 2, main evaporator right end cap 3 and main imbibition core 4, described main evaporator shell 1 is for being cut with the hollow stainless steel tube of axial slot on the bore area, the tubular master imbibition core 4 that coaxial placement is formed by the powder of stainless steel sintering in it, main evaporator left end cap 2 and main evaporator right end cap 3 are welded on the two ends of main evaporator shell 1 respectively;
Described reservoir 12 comprises reservoir shell 7, reservoir left end cap 6 and reservoir right end cap 8, and described reservoir shell 7 is the stainless steel tube of inner wall smooth, is filled with stainless steel cloth between its reservoir right end cap 8 and the reservoir shell 7; It is characterized in that, also comprise:
The coaxial capillary connector 9 that has central bore that is placed in described main imbibition core 4 endoporus, described capillary connector 9 extends in the reservoir 12 via the endoporus of tube connector 5 always;
Be filled with stainless steel cloth between described capillary connector 9 and the reservoir shell 7.Described tube connector 5 is a stainless steel tube.Described capillary connector 9 is rolled by stainless steel cloth and forms.Described main evaporator left end cap 2 and main evaporator right end cap 3 adopt stainless steel material to make.Described reservoir left end cap 6 and reservoir right end cap 8 adopt stainless steel material to make.
Deep cold loop heat tube needs to form pressure differential in the inside and outside surperficial both sides of main imbibition core 4 earlier when starting.When not having thermic load on flow in the system generation and main evaporator shell 1 outer wall, the both sides of main imbibition core 4 can not produce pressure or thermograde yet.In case the outer wall of heating main evaporator shell 1, the both sides of main imbibition core 4 will the formation temperature gradients, thereby make deep cold loop heat tube to start.When the thermic load that is applied to main imbibition core shell 1 outer surface is very low, will be in leading position from main imbibition core 4 to the heat conduction of reservoir 12, in other words: have only the thermic load of fraction to be used for heating the liquid of main evaporator shell 1 inner surface conduit; Most of thermic load is then from radially conducting the liquid of giving its core through main imbibition core 4.The result who causes like this makes the foundation that starts required thermograde become difficult on the one hand, makes on the other hand in main imbibition core 4 kernels and is easy to generate bubble.Although the bubble that has generated can be dispersed in the reservoir 12 by the vapor space of capillary connector 9, and accumulate in reservoir 12 tops.But before the forward flow of working medium takes place, because there is not supercooled liquid to be back in the reservoir 12 also again with established steam condensation via the through hole at reservoir right end cap 8 middle parts; The degree of supercooling of refluxer is not enough to cool off established steam during perhaps because of loop works, so the pressure of reservoir 12 will constantly rise.When the pressure of reservoir 12 rises to a certain numerical value, might oppositely be pressed into the condensate liquid of its underpart in the steam pipe line through the through hole at reservoir right end cap 8 middle parts, thereby cause the working medium reverse flow, and then make main evaporator 11 dryout rapidly, cause deep cold loop heat tube can't start or keep operate as normal at last.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of deep cold loop heat tube that is used for the low temperature integrated system comprises:
One main evaporator (11);
One reservoir (12); Described main evaporator (11) is connected into one with reservoir (12) by a tube connector (5);
Described main evaporator (11) comprises main evaporator shell (1), main evaporator left end cap (2), main evaporator right end cap (3) and main imbibition core (4), described main evaporator shell (1) is for being cut with the hollow stainless steel tube of axial slot on the bore area, the tubular master imbibition core (4) that coaxial placement is formed by the powder of stainless steel sintering in it, main evaporator left end cap (2) and main evaporator right end cap (3) are welded on the two ends of main evaporator shell (1) respectively;
Described reservoir (12) comprises reservoir shell (7), reservoir left end cap (6) and reservoir right end cap (8), described reservoir shell (7) is the stainless steel tube of inner wall smooth, is filled with stainless steel cloth between its reservoir right end cap (8) and the reservoir shell (7); It is characterized in that, also comprise:
The coaxial capillary connector (9) that has central bore that is placed in described main imbibition core (4) endoporus, described capillary connector (9) extends in the reservoir (12) via the endoporus of tube connector (5) always;
Be filled with stainless steel cloth between described capillary connector (9) and the reservoir shell (7).
2, the deep cold loop heat tube that is used for the low temperature integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described tube connector (5) is a stainless steel tube.
3, the deep cold loop heat tube that is used for the low temperature integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described capillary connector (9) is rolled by stainless steel cloth and forms.
4, the deep cold loop heat tube that is used for the low temperature integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described main evaporator left end cap (2) and main evaporator right end cap (3) adopt stainless steel material to make.
5, the deep cold loop heat tube that is used for the low temperature integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described reservoir left end cap (6) and reservoir right end cap (8) adopt stainless steel material to make.
CN 200520005601 2005-03-10 2005-03-10 Cryogenic loop heat pipe for low-temperature integrated system Expired - Lifetime CN2788115Y (en)

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CN 200520005601 CN2788115Y (en) 2005-03-10 2005-03-10 Cryogenic loop heat pipe for low-temperature integrated system

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1328566C (en) * 2005-03-08 2007-07-25 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Cryogenic loop heat pipe
CN101929816B (en) * 2009-06-24 2012-06-27 扬光绿能股份有限公司 Loop type heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof
CN104983223A (en) * 2015-07-10 2015-10-21 袁竹 Cooling and heating mattress or cushion using heat pipe as heat exchange element
CN109387108A (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-02-26 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 A kind of changeable type evaporator compensator for cryogenic loop heat pipe
CN110243217A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-09-17 山东大学 A kind of plate loop heat pipe evaporator with enclosed fluid reservoir
CN111076582A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-04-28 北京空间机电研究所 Anti-reflux multi-core capillary pump assembly for spacecraft
CN111397411A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-07-10 北京空间机电研究所 Cylindrical anti-reflux loop heat pipe capillary pump assembly for spacecraft

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1328566C (en) * 2005-03-08 2007-07-25 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Cryogenic loop heat pipe
CN101929816B (en) * 2009-06-24 2012-06-27 扬光绿能股份有限公司 Loop type heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof
CN104983223A (en) * 2015-07-10 2015-10-21 袁竹 Cooling and heating mattress or cushion using heat pipe as heat exchange element
CN109387108A (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-02-26 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 A kind of changeable type evaporator compensator for cryogenic loop heat pipe
CN109387108B (en) * 2018-11-21 2024-03-26 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Replaceable evaporator compensator for low-temperature loop heat pipe
CN110243217A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-09-17 山东大学 A kind of plate loop heat pipe evaporator with enclosed fluid reservoir
CN111076582A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-04-28 北京空间机电研究所 Anti-reflux multi-core capillary pump assembly for spacecraft
CN111397411A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-07-10 北京空间机电研究所 Cylindrical anti-reflux loop heat pipe capillary pump assembly for spacecraft
CN111397411B (en) * 2020-02-28 2021-07-09 北京空间机电研究所 Cylindrical anti-reflux loop heat pipe capillary pump assembly for spacecraft

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