Background technology
In building trade, for protect farmland, energy savings and resource, build light plate, as the concrete hollow batten, use in a large number to replace clay brick.Can utilize industrial residue to make material, the attenuate thickness of wall body enlarges usable floor area simultaneously, reduces foundation cost.
A kind of multi-screw extruding and molding unit is disclosed in the Chinese patent 99213979.1, have upper spider, lower bearing bracket, motor, gearbox, screw rod, guide tube, vibrator, oscillating plate, punch, die, supporting plate, be characterized in that supporting plate is supported by a kind of a plurality of backspin rolls that are installed on the lower bearing bracket at least.The die cavity below of this kind single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine is moving supporting plate, it is a kind of nonocclusive structure, thereby extrusion stress is not high enough, the hollow lath packing of extruding is lower, must leave with and on supporting plate, carry out operations such as follow-up cutting, the Chinese tunic suit, maintenance, cause the complexity of production technology, equipment and the waste of energy.In addition, the batten that can only extrude circular hole of this single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine, hole ratio are difficult to improve, and materials are more.
On market, also there is another kind of single screw rod extrusion modling unit, what adopt is the sealing die cavity, rely on major diameter screw rod to promote compound and travel forward, form hole through core rod fixing in the die cavity, die cavity in the exit overall shrinkage to form big extrusion stress.But sheared during the material of this extrusion forming device process core rod, require material must have very high plasticity, need to increase specially plasticizer for this reason, and need carry out vacuum draw, cost is very high, and power consumption is also very big.The batten plasticity of extruding is very big, still need be placed on the supporting plate in subsequent technique.
The utility model content
In view of this, the technical problems to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of multi-screw extruding and molding unit, and extrusion stress is bigger, goods packing height.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of multi-screw extruding and molding unit, comprise frame, drive unit, transmission device, charging gear, die cavity and stretch into a plurality of screw rods that described die cavity has screw reamer, described drive unit rotates by the reamer that transmission device drives on the described screw rod, it is characterized in that: described die cavity is divided into feed cavity and forming cavity by stock guide, the material guide hole that has the described screw reamer of a plurality of confessions to pass on this stock guide, described feed cavity top opening is corresponding to the discharging opening of described charging gear, described forming cavity is the four sides sealing except that the input and output material direction, and described screw rod has one section cross section to increase gradually from back to front in forming cavity.
In order to squeeze out the square batten that waits non-circular hole, can further have following characteristics in the above-mentioned shaping machine set: described screw rod comprise mandrel, from after forward successively string be enclosed within output shaft and screw reamer on the mandrel, and the plug that is fixed on the mandrel end, described mandrel maintains static, the power transmission shaft coupling of described output shaft and described transmission device, connect together with screw reamer and can drive its rotation, the cross section of described plug is greater than the straight-tube portion of described screw reamer, two intersegmental seamlessly transitting of different cross section.Wherein, the cross section of plug can be square, and the terminal cross section of described mandrel also can be designed to square, penetrates in the square hole of offering on the described plug also fastening.
Can further have following characteristics in the above-mentioned shaping machine set: described screw reamer is made up of the screw reamer of two sections mutual keyed jointings, and is cost-saved, and the end of preceding screw reamer has increased spiral half, can improve the extruding frequency.
Can further have following characteristics in the above-mentioned shaping machine set: described screw reamer and output shaft keyed jointing, and be provided with miniature bearing between the mandrel to improve rotational stability and to reduce rotary resistance, be provided with sealing ring with the composition surface of mandrel, plug and output shaft, prevent that material from entering the surfaces of revolution of screw rod inside.
Can further have following characteristics in the above-mentioned shaping machine set: the hole wall of described material guide hole is provided with a plurality of guide grooves, and is not smooth to avoid charging.
Can further have following characteristics in the above-mentioned shaping machine set: described die cavity below also is fixed with a vibrating motor, flexibly connect between described feed cavity and frame, described forming cavity then is connected with rigidity of frame by swivel, the feed cavity vibration amplitude is bigger like this, help the uniform and substantial of material, the forming cavity vibration amplitude is less, helps preventing that crackle from appearring in batten.
Can further have following characteristics in the above-mentioned shaping machine set: described drive unit is made up of motor and decelerator, described transmission device comprises a plurality of power transmission shafts of installing in casing and the casing, the coupling of the output shaft of described power transmission shaft and decelerator, and cooperate by gear power is delivered to respectively on the output shaft with the described screw rod of its engagement.
Can further have following characteristics in the above-mentioned shaping machine set: about described a plurality of screw rods are divided into two groups, the hand of spiral on one group of screw rod and direction of rotation are opposite with another group screw rod, help material and evenly distribute everywhere in die cavity and be subjected to roughly suitable extrusion stress.
Can further have following characteristics in the above-mentioned shaping machine set: described frame both sides are provided with track, and described drive unit, transmission device are placed on the described track by roller, and described roller is driven by a turning handle, to maintain easily.
In sum, when the multi-screw extruding and molding unit of present embodiment is worked, forming cavity is a complete closed except that the input and output material direction, the separation of stock guide is also arranged on the feedstock direction, and the cross section of rear screw reamer latter end on the discharging direction and plug is bigger, thereby make material in forming cavity, be subjected to very big extrusion stress, make the hollow lath packing of extruding very high, in the experiment of producing the concrete hollow batten, prove, need not supporting plate can unload and be stacked together from roller-way, thereby has simplified subsequent technique greatly.In addition, when adopting square plug to keep motionless screw rod, can process the batten of square hole, thereby increase the hole ratio of batten, alleviate the weight of batten.
The material of present embodiment without cutting, need not to add plasticizer in die cavity, also need not to vacuumize, and compares with existing single screw rod extrusion modling unit, and simple in structure, power consumption also significantly reduces.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the multi-screw extruding and molding unit of present embodiment carries frame 7 and eight screw rods 8 (seeing Fig. 6 C) of these parts by motor 1, decelerator 2, multiaxis transmission case 3, hopper 4, sealing die cavity 5, vibrating motor 6.Wherein motor 1, decelerator 2 and vibrating motor 6 all can adopt common apparatus, and screw rod quantity can change according to the requirement of product.
Motor 1 links to each other with decelerator 2, decelerator 2 is used for the coupling of output speed, its take-off (propeller) shaft links to each other by shaft coupling with the driving shaft of multiaxis transmission case 3, cooperate on eight screw rods 8 that reach in the sealing die cavity 5 of power distribution in the case by power transmission shaft and gear, the discharging opening of hopper 4 is positioned at the top, rear portion of sealing die cavity 5, and vibrating motor 6 is connected on sealing die cavity 5 lower walls.
As shown in Figure 2, the multiaxis transmission case 3 of present embodiment mainly comprises casing 31, the driving shaft installed in the case 32, six power transmission shafts 331~336 and eight output shafts 341~348.Driving shaft 32 cooperates by gear earlier, drive one-level power transmission shaft 331 and 332, the one-level power transmission shaft drives secondary drive shaft 333~336 more respectively, drive eight output shafts, 341~348 rotations that lower box is arranged in a row at last, from direction as shown,, make four output shaft rotary speeies on four output shafts in left side and right side identical by the cooperation of power transmission shaft, but direction of rotation is opposite, helps material uniform in die cavity.
The structure of driving shaft 32 and mounting means as shown in Figure 3, be inserted in respectively in two bearings 321 in the casing 31 front and back walls perforates driving shaft 32 front and rear parts, and by round nut 323 in axial location, the perforate outside is provided with the end cap 322 that is fixed on the casing.The square front end of driving shaft 32 is stretched out the casing antetheca, thereby available hand rotates this place and drives the screw rod rotation, convenient test or maintenance, the casing rear wall is stretched out in its rear end, can link to each other with the take-off (propeller) shaft of decelerator by shaft coupling, its middle part is linked with two sections gears 324,325, respectively with two one-level power transmission shafts on gears engaged.
The two ends of power transmission shafts at different levels also are to be installed on the casing by bearing, finish the transmission of power by gear, and just two ends need not to stretch out casing, and its concrete structure just repeats no more.Each gear is by the oil lubrication in the case.
In order to squeeze out square hole, screw rod 8 structures of present embodiment are very unique, shown in Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B, comprise that mainly output shaft 81 (running part that is equivalent to screw rod), mandrel 82 (are difference, cross-hatching not among the figure), rear screw reamer 83, preceding screw reamer 84, and plug 85.
Output shaft 81 is a hollow tubular, front end has stair-stepping enlarging, the mounting means of each output shaft in multiaxis transmission case 2 as shown in Figure 4, installation and removal for convenience, relevant position in transmission case 31 fixes the big slightly sleeve pipe of a diameter 811 earlier, its two ends are installed on the casing by the bearing 812 in casing 31 perforates respectively, 81 of output shafts penetrate in this sleeve pipe 811, rear end round nut 813 axial location, middle part and gear 814 and sleeve pipe 811 keyed jointings, the flared part of front end then stretches out casing 31 antethecas and enters in the sealing die cavity 5, is provided with lip-type packing 815 in the outside of antetheca perforate, prevents that lubricating oil from leaking.
Please refer to Fig. 5 C to Fig. 5 G, mandrel 82 is for running through the cylinder of whole screw rod 8, it is processed as square foremost, the rear end then has pin-and-hole 822, after mandrel 82 penetrates output shaft 81, rear end cap 821 pin joints that its rear end is outer with being fixed on casing 31 rear walls, make it can not rotate (Fig. 5 B left side shows the structure that rear end cap 821 is connected with mandrel 82), its square front end penetrates then in the square hole of plug 85 and fixes with nut that (front end of mandrel is if circular, then need and plug between connect with key), the cross section of plug 85 be square and the length of side greater than the external diameter of screw reamer straight tube, shown in Fig. 5 F, because plug 85 can not rotate, the batten that just can squeeze out the square hole comes, other shape can certainly be adopted in the cross section of plug 85, when needs are produced circular hole slab, and also can be with circular.
Rear screw reamer 83 and preceding screw reamer 84 all are to add spiral to form on pipe, and string is enclosed within on the mandrel 82 between the output shaft 81 and plug 85, connects with spline each other.Wherein, the pipe of rear screw reamer partly is provided with a keyway 831, and diameter is less than the internal diameter of output shaft 81 flared parts, and behind both keyed jointings, output shaft 81 can drive forward and backward screw reamer rotation.It mainly is because of forward and backward two sections degree of wear difference that screw reamer is divided into two sections of front and back, and preceding screw reamer adopts more wear-resisting alloy manufacturing, and the anti-wear performance of the material of rear screw reamer is low, can save cost.Also be provided with miniature bearing 86 between the two ends of forward and backward screw reamer 83,84 and junction surface and the mandrel 82 to reduce rotational resistance and to strengthen stability of rotation, enter screw rod 5 inside to prevent material and a plurality of sealing rings 88 are housed on the composition surface between above-mentioned each part.Not end at preceding screw reamer 84, its external diameter amplifies gradually, and smooth excessiveness between plug 85 outer surfaces, slit is between the two sealed by sealing ring, after cooperating, die cavity 5 can form big extrusion stress with sealing, also add half spiral 841 (seeing Fig. 6 C) at its front end in addition, can increase extruding frequency and stability of rotation.
Sealing die cavity 5 structures are shown in Fig. 6 A~6C, in the present embodiment, this die cavity rear is corresponding to transmission case casing 31 antethecas below, chamber wall 51 is assembled into the cavity that cross section is a rectangle by the steel plate of upper and lower, left and right four direction with fixtures such as screws, be fixed with the stock guide 52 of a square column type between the two side, die cavity middle part, die cavity 5 be will seal and feed cavity 53 and forming cavity 54 will be separated into, feed cavity 53 tops are opened wide, be positioned at the below of hopper 4 discharging openings, the batten after the moulding is extruded from the place ahead of forming cavity 54.Two cavitys adopt the different materials manufacturing to satisfy different wear-resisting requirements, the rear portion of 5 liang of walls of sealing die cavity flexibly connects (see figure 1) by vibration damper 57 and frame 7, the front portion is rigidly connected by swivel 58 and frame 7, the feed cavity 53 lower walls vibrating motor 6 that is being connected, when the whole sealing die cavity 5 of vibrating motor 6 drives shakes like this, the vibration amplitude of feed cavity 53 is relatively large, be convenient to the uniform and substantial of material, and the vibration amplitude of forming cavity 54 is less, can avoid the batten generation crackle after the moulding.
Structure after sealing die cavity 5 makes up with screw rod 8 is shown in Fig. 6 B and Fig. 6 C, after screw rod 8 stretches out multiaxis transmission case 3, rear screw reamer 83 on it is positioned at feed cavity 53, preceding screw reamer 84 and major part are positioned at stock guide 52 and forming cavity 54, plug 85 is in forming cavity 54, it should be noted that, four screw rods of four screw rods in the present embodiment left side and the hand of spiral and the right are different, direction of rotation is also different, utilize material uniform in the chamber, but the combination of the hand of spiral and direction of rotation is not limited to this mode, also can make up or the like in twos.Shown in Fig. 6 B, have eight material guide holes 521 on the stock guide 52 and be used to pass through material, its slightly larger in diameter also is evenly equipped with four guide grooves 522 in the external diameter (comprising spiral) of two screw reamers on material guide hole 521, avoid being difficult to by material guide hole 521 because of forming cavity 54 pressure ambassadors material.From figure, it can also be seen that, concavo-convex in order on the sidewall of batten, to form, sealing former 55 and the formpiston 56 that die cavity 5 sidewalls are respectively equipped with respective shapes, be formed directly on the sidewall, but this is not all to be essential in the production of all products yet.
In Fig. 1, the motor 1 of present embodiment, rotating speed device 2, multiaxis transmission case 3 are placed on two slide rail (not shown) of frame both sides by roller,, turning handle 9 driving rolls move forward and backward but thereby driving these three parts integral body, screw rod 8 is extracted out in sealing die cavity 5, maintained easily and load and unload.
When the multi-screw extruding and molding unit of present embodiment is worked, motor is after decelerator slows down, driving shaft through the multiaxis transmission case, power transmission shaft, after the output shaft transferring power on the screw rod, driving two screw reamers rotates, the material that promotes constantly to fall into from hopper in the feed cavity is sent into forming cavity from material guide hole, because forming cavity is a complete closed except that the input and output material direction, the separation of stock guide is also arranged on the feedstock direction, and the cross section of rear screw reamer latter end on the discharging direction and plug is bigger, thereby make material in forming cavity, be subjected to very big extrusion stress, make the hollow lath packing of extruding very high, in the experiment of producing the concrete hollow batten, prove, need not supporting plate can unload and be stacked together from roller-way, thereby has simplified subsequent technique greatly.
Because when screw reamer rotated, it is motionless that the plug on the screw rod keeps, thereby present embodiment can process the batten of square hole, thereby increases the hole ratio of batten, alleviates the weight of batten.
The material of present embodiment without cutting, need not to add plasticizer in die cavity, also need not to vacuumize, and compares with existing single screw rod extrusion modling unit, and power consumption also significantly reduces.
On the basis of the foregoing description, on the basis that reaches the utility model basic fundamental effect, a lot of mapping modes can also be arranged.
For example, the utility model can be used for extruding the hollow lath of circular hole fully, because this moment, screw rod can whole rotate, can adopt existing common screw, fixed mandrel can be cancelled among the embodiment, output shaft, screw reamer, plug can be made of one, also can make independently and couple together again, one section of in forming cavity, still will have cross section to increase gradually of screw rod but, to increase extrusion stress, the structure of other parts can be constant, can extrude the very high hollow lath of packing equally.
For example, decelerator also can be contained in the multiaxis transmission case, this moment, its take-off (propeller) shaft can be directly by transmission axial screw transferring power at different levels, the drive mechanism of multiaxis transmission case is not limited to the mode among the embodiment, in fact, had similar transmission device in the existing extrusion modling unit of producing the circular hole hollow lath, the utility model also can adopt, be when producing the batten of square hole or other non-circular hole, mandrel fixed getting final product at the characteristics of screw rod.
In batten, add reinforcement if desired, can on the basis of the foregoing description, increase by a cover pre-stress stretching device.