CN2720652Y - Fuel-cell generating system with hydrogen intermittent safety discharging device - Google Patents
Fuel-cell generating system with hydrogen intermittent safety discharging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN2720652Y CN2720652Y CN200420081669XU CN200420081669U CN2720652Y CN 2720652 Y CN2720652 Y CN 2720652Y CN 200420081669X U CN200420081669X U CN 200420081669XU CN 200420081669 U CN200420081669 U CN 200420081669U CN 2720652 Y CN2720652 Y CN 2720652Y
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fuel-cell generating system with a hydrogen intermittent safety discharging device, which comprises a fuel battery pile, a hydrogen storage device, a pressure reducing valve, an air filtration device, an air compression supplying device, a water-vapor separator for the hydrogen, a water-vapor separator for the air, a water chamber, a cooling fluid circulating pump, a radiator, a hydrogen cycle pump, a hydrogen humidifying device, an air humidifying device, a hydrogen pressure maintaining valve, a bailing hydrogen discharging magnetic valve, and a one-way valve. The water-vapor separator for the air is provided with an exhaust air duct; the one-way valve is arranged on a stretched canal at the back of the bailing hydrogen discharging magnetic valve; the back of the one-way valve restretches a canal which extends into the exhaust air duct. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of reasonable structure, safe usage, etc.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell especially relates to a fuel cell power generation system with hydrogen intermittent type nature safety arrangement.
Background
An electrochemical fuel cell is a device capable of converting hydrogen and an oxidant into electrical energy and reaction products. The inner core component of the device is a Membrane Electrode (MEA), which is composed of a proton exchange Membrane and two porous conductive materials sandwiched between two surfaces of the Membrane, such as carbon paper. The membrane contains a uniform and finely dispersed catalyst, such as a platinum metal catalyst, for initiating an electrochemical reaction at the interface between the membrane and the carbon paper. The electrons generated in the electrochemical reaction process can be led out by conductive objects at two sides of the membrane electrode through an external circuit to form a current loop.
At the anode end of the membrane electrode, fuel can permeate through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and undergo electrochemical reaction on the surface of a catalyst to lose electrons to form positive ions, and the positive ions can pass through a proton exchange membrane through migration to reach the cathode end at the other end of the membrane electrode. At the cathode end of the membrane electrode, a gas containing an oxidant (e.g., oxygen), such as air, forms negative ions by permeating through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and electrochemically reacting on the surface of the catalyst to give electrons. The anions formed at the cathode end react with the positive ions transferred from the anode end to form reaction products.
In a pem fuel cell using hydrogen as the fuel and oxygen-containing air as the oxidant (or pure oxygen as the oxidant), the catalytic electrochemical reaction of the fuel hydrogen in the anode region produces hydrogen cations (or protons). The proton exchange membrane assists the migration of positive hydrogen ions from the anode region to the cathode region. In addition, the proton exchange membrane separates the hydrogen-containing fuel gas stream from the oxygen-containing gas stream so that they do not mix with each other to cause explosive reactions.
In the cathode region, oxygen gains electrons on the catalyst surface, forming negative ions, which react with the hydrogen positive ions transported from the anode region to produce water as a reaction product. In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using hydrogen, air (oxygen), the anode reaction and the cathode reaction can be expressed by the following equations:
and (3) anode reaction:
and (3) cathode reaction:
in a typical pem fuel cell, a Membrane Electrode (MEA) is generally placed between two conductive plates, and the surface of each guide plate in contact with the MEA is die-cast, stamped, or mechanically milled to form at least one or more channels. The flow guide polar plates can be polar plates made of metal materials or polar plates made of graphite materials. The fluid pore channels and the diversion trenches on the diversion polar plates respectively guide the fuel and the oxidant into the anode area and the cathode area on two sides of the membrane electrode. In the structure of a single proton exchangemembrane fuel cell, only one membrane electrode is present, and a guide plate of anode fuel and a guide plate of cathode oxidant are respectively arranged on two sides of the membrane electrode. The guide plates are used as current collector plates and mechanical supports at two sides of the membrane electrode, and the guide grooves on the guide plates are also used as channels for fuel and oxidant to enter the surfaces of the anode and the cathode and as channels for taking away water generated in the operation process of the fuel cell.
In order to increase the total power of the whole proton exchange membrane fuel cell, two or more single cells can be connected in series to form a battery pack in a straight-stacked manner or connected in a flat-laid manner to form a battery pack. In the direct-stacking and serial-type battery pack, two surfaces of one polar plate can be provided with flow guide grooves, wherein one surface can be used as an anode flow guide surface of one membrane electrode, and the other surface can be used as a cathode flow guide surface of another adjacent membrane electrode, and the polar plate is called a bipolar plate. A series of cells are connected together in a manner to form a battery pack. The battery pack is generally fastened together into one body by a front end plate, a rear end plate and a tie rod.
A typical battery pack generally includes: (1) the fuel (such as hydrogen, methanol or hydrogen-rich gas obtained by reforming methanol, natural gas and gasoline) and the oxidant (mainly oxygen or air) are uniformly distributed in the diversion trenches of the anode surface and the cathode surface; (2) the inlet and outlet of cooling fluid (such as water) and the flow guide channel uniformly distribute the cooling fluid into the cooling channels in each battery pack, and the heat generated by the electrochemical exothermic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell is absorbed and taken out of the battery pack for heat dissipation; (3) the outlets of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas and the corresponding flow guide channels can carry out liquid and vapor water generated in the fuel cell when the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are discharged. Typically, all fuel, oxidant, and cooling fluid inlets and outlets are provided in one or both end plates of the fuel cell stack.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be used as a power system of vehicles, ships and other vehicles, and can also be used as a movable and fixed power generation device.
When the proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be used as a vehicle power system, a ship power system or a mobile and fixed power station, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell must comprise a cell stack, a fuel hydrogen supply system, an air supply subsystem, a cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, an automatic control part and an electric energy output part.
Fig. 1 is a fuel cell power generation system, and 1 in fig. 1 is a fuel cell stack; 2 is a hydrogen storage bottle or other hydrogen storage devices; 3 is a pressure reducing valve; 4 is an air filtering device; 5 is an air compression supply device; 6 is a hydrogen water-steam separator, 6' is an air water-steam separator; 7 is a water tank; 8 is a cooling fluid circulating pump; 9 is a radiator; 10 is a hydrogen circulating pump; 11. 12 is a humidifying device; 13 is a hydrogen pressure stabilizing valve; and 14 is a water discharge and hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve.
In order to ensure the stability of the operation performance of the fuel cell power generation system, the hydrogen fuel supply and circulation loop subsystem of the fuel cell power generation system must ensure that the fuel hydrogen with high purity is uniformly and sufficiently supplied to each single cell in the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell power generation system. And moreover, water is not blocked in the hydrogen guide groove at the hydrogen side of each single cell. In order to achieve the above purpose, the current technology uses a drain, hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 14, as shown in fig. 1, which is opened once every certain time interval to ensure the following functional functions:
(1) the hydrogen side drainage in the fuel cell stack is facilitated, and the water blockage is prevented. Because the hydrogen side hydrogen operating pressure in the fuel cell stack is higher than the external atmospheric pressure when the solenoid valve 14 is open, the hydrogen outlet hydrogen of the fuel cell stack will be discharged from the solenoid valve at a faster flow rate and carry water out of the hydrogen side of the stack and the water separator.
(2) Generally, the fuel hydrogen purity cannot be 100%. Mainly contains a trace amount of impurity gases such as nitrogen. When the fuel cell power generation system is operated for a long time, since a certain amount of impurity gas is accumulated due to the input and long-time circulation of a large amount of hydrogen gas, and the concentration of the accumulated impurity gas becomes higher as the operation time becomes longer, which is disadvantageous for the stability of the performance of the fuel cell power generation system, the electromagnetic valve 14 also needs to be opened to discharge a certain amount of impurity gas contained in the hydrogen gas.
At present, the duration of the opening of the electromagnetic valve 14 is generally 0.1-2 seconds, so the discharged hydrogen quantity is large. It is dangerous to vent the hydrogen directly into the atmosphere. When the initiation energy exceeds that of hydrogen explosion around the discharge, explosion and combustion in the atmosphere are caused. Due to the low initiation energy of hydrogen, any pyrotechnical or electrostatic charges can cause the above-mentioned accidents.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a fuel cell power generation system with a hydrogen intermittent safety discharge device, which has reasonable structure and safe use.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized through the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell power generation system with a hydrogen intermittent safety discharge device comprises a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen storage device, a pressure reducing valve, an air filtering device, an air compression supply device, a hydrogen water-vapor separator, an air water-vapor separator, a water tank, a cooling fluid circulating pump, a radiator, a hydrogen circulating pump, a hydrogen humidifying device, an air humidifying device, a hydrogen pressure stabilizing valve and a water discharge and hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve, wherein the air water-vapor separator is provided with an air discharge pipe.
The check valve is a low air resistance check valve.
The subsequent pipe of the one-way valve extends vertically and is inserted into the air discharge pipe.
The end of the said one-way valve subsequent pipe inserted into the air discharge pipe is provided with an elbow which faces the air flow direction in the air discharge pipe.
The subsequent pipeline of the one-way valve extends into the air discharge pipe at an acute angle with the air flow direction in the air discharge pipe.
The air discharge pipe has a diameter much larger than the diameter of the subsequent pipe of the one-way valve extending in.
The water discharge and hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve is opened when the fuel cell power generation system is in operation and after a large amount of air is discharged from the air discharge pipe.
The utility model discloses owing to adopted above technical scheme, consequently make the emission of hydrogen can not arouse the accident of any explosion, burning, be favorable to the safe operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art fuel cell power generation system;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrogen intermittent safety discharging device in the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a fuel cell power generation system with hydrogen intermittent safety discharge device comprises a fuel cell stack 1, a hydrogen storage device 2, a pressure reducing valve 3, an air filtering device 4, an air compression supply device 5, a hydrogen water-vapor separator 6, an air water-vapor separator 6', a water tank 7, a cooling fluid circulating pump 8, a radiator 9, a hydrogen circulating pump 10, a hydrogen humidifying device 11, an air humidifying device 12, a hydrogen pressure stabilizing valve 13, a water and hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve 14, a low air resistance one-way valve 15, the air water-vapor separator 6' is provided with an air discharge pipe 16, the check valve 15 is arranged on a pipeline 17 which is continued behind the water discharge and hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve 14, the check valve 15 is continued to a section of pipeline 18, the pipe 18 extends vertically deep into the air discharge pipe 16 of the air water-vapor separator.
In this embodiment, the solenoid valve 14, the check valve 15 and the pipe extending into the air discharge pipe 16 are all stainless steel pipes having a pipe diameter of 10mm, and the air discharge pipe 16 is also a stainless steel pipe having a pipe diameter of 60 mm. The solenoid valve 14 was discharged every 5 minutes for a duration of 1 second. Through tests, the flame is placed at the tail end of the air discharge pipe, and combustion and explosion do not occur under any conditions.
This embodiment continues the pipe after the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve and then provides a check valve 15 with a small resistance, which continues a further length of pipe after the check valve and extends into the air discharge pipe in the fuel cell power generation system. Generally, the diameter of the air discharge pipe is much larger than the diameter of the hydrogen discharge pipe extending into the air discharge pipe, so that the air discharge pipe does not affect the air discharge and does not form flow resistance of the air discharge.
The hydrogen gas discharge solenoid valve is possible to be opened only when the fuel cell power generation system is operating. That is, any opening to discharge hydrogen causes a large amount of excess wet air and a large amount of wet nitrogen and liquid water from which oxygen is removed to be discharged from the air discharge pipe in the fuel cell power generation system, and when hydrogen is discharged into such wet nitrogen having a very low oxygen concentration, not only the hydrogen concentration is diluted quickly by the above-mentioned mixed gas flowing at a high speed, but also combustion and explosion are not caused due to the low oxygen concentration when any explosive or detonation condition is encountered.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fuel cell power generation system with an intermittent safety hydrogen discharge device is constructed substantially in the same manner as in example 1 except that the end of the check valve 15 subsequent to the pipe 18 inserted into the air discharge pipe 16 is provided with a bend 19, the bend 19 being directed toward the direction of air flow in the air discharge pipe (the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 2).
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fuel cell power generation system with an intermittent safety hydrogen discharge device has a structure substantially the same as that of example 1 except that a subsequent pipe 18 of a check valve 15 is inserted into an air discharge pipe 16 (not shown) so as to extend at an acute angle of 60 degrees or 30 degrees with respect to the air flow direction in the air discharge pipe 16.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a 50 kw fuel cell power generation system with an intermittent safety hydrogen discharge device is used as an engine for a fuel cell vehicle. The power generation system of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of embodiment 1. The electromagnetic valve 14, the check valve 15 and the pipe extending into the air discharge pipe 16 are all stainless steel pipes with a pipe diameter of 10mm, and the air discharge pipe 16 is also a stainless steel pipe with a pipe diameter of 60 mm. The solenoid valve 14 was discharged every 8 minutes for a duration of 1.5 seconds. Through tests, the flame is placed at the tail end of the air discharge pipe, and combustion and explosion do not occur under any conditions.
Claims (7)
1. A fuel cell power generation system with a hydrogen intermittent safety discharge device comprises a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen storage device, a pressure reducing valve, an air filtering device, an air compression supply device, a hydrogen water-vapor separator, an air water-vapor separator, a water tank, a cooling fluid circulating pump, a radiator, a hydrogen circulating pump, a hydrogen humidifying device, an air humidifying device, a hydrogen pressure stabilizing valve and a water discharge and hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve, wherein the air water-vapor separator is provided with an air discharge pipe.
2. The fuel cell power generation system with an intermittent safety vent of hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein said check valve is a low air-resistance check valve.
3. The fuel cell power generation system with hydrogen intermittent safety vent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the subsequent pipe of the check valve is inserted into the air vent pipe in a vertically extending manner.
4. The fuel cell power generation system with hydrogen intermittent safety vent as claimed in claim 3, wherein the end of the check valve subsequent pipe inserted into the air vent pipe is provided with a bend facing the air flow direction in the air vent pipe.
5. The fuel cell power generation system with an intermittent safety vent for hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the subsequent conduit of the check valve is inserted into the air vent pipe so as to extend at an acute angle to the direction of air flow in the air vent pipe.
6. The fuel cell power generation system with an intermittent safety vent of hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air vent pipe has a diameter substantially larger than the diameter of the subsequent pipe extending into the check valve.
7. The fuel cell power generation system with an intermittent safety vent of hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water discharge and hydrogen discharge solenoid valve is opened when the fuel cell power generation system is in operation and after a large amount of air is discharged from the air discharge pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200420081669XU CN2720652Y (en) | 2004-08-04 | 2004-08-04 | Fuel-cell generating system with hydrogen intermittent safety discharging device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200420081669XU CN2720652Y (en) | 2004-08-04 | 2004-08-04 | Fuel-cell generating system with hydrogen intermittent safety discharging device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2720652Y true CN2720652Y (en) | 2005-08-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200420081669XU Expired - Fee Related CN2720652Y (en) | 2004-08-04 | 2004-08-04 | Fuel-cell generating system with hydrogen intermittent safety discharging device |
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| CN (1) | CN2720652Y (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100361334C (en) * | 2004-08-04 | 2008-01-09 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel battery generating system with hydrogen gas intermittence safety bleeder |
| CN101106202B (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2011-05-18 | 佳能株式会社 | Fuel cell system and purging method for fuel cell system |
| CN102646842A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-08-22 | 上海攀业氢能源科技有限公司 | Method for improving hydrogen utilization of fuel cell |
| CN106949943A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-14 | 湖北工程学院 | Gas volume measurement apparatus and fuel cell module |
| CN108767293A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | One proton exchanging film fuel battery automobile hydrogen supply and hydrogen gas circulating system |
| CN113690464A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-11-23 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell system and method of controlling fuel cell |
-
2004
- 2004-08-04 CN CN200420081669XU patent/CN2720652Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100361334C (en) * | 2004-08-04 | 2008-01-09 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel battery generating system with hydrogen gas intermittence safety bleeder |
| CN101106202B (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2011-05-18 | 佳能株式会社 | Fuel cell system and purging method for fuel cell system |
| CN102646842A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-08-22 | 上海攀业氢能源科技有限公司 | Method for improving hydrogen utilization of fuel cell |
| CN106949943A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-14 | 湖北工程学院 | Gas volume measurement apparatus and fuel cell module |
| CN108767293A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | One proton exchanging film fuel battery automobile hydrogen supply and hydrogen gas circulating system |
| CN113690464A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-11-23 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell system and method of controlling fuel cell |
| CN113690464B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2024-01-30 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell system and method of controlling fuel cell |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20050824 |