CN2701586Y - High precise ceramic ball grinding device - Google Patents
High precise ceramic ball grinding device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2701586Y CN2701586Y CNU2004200705466U CN200420070546U CN2701586Y CN 2701586 Y CN2701586 Y CN 2701586Y CN U2004200705466 U CNU2004200705466 U CN U2004200705466U CN 200420070546 U CN200420070546 U CN 200420070546U CN 2701586 Y CN2701586 Y CN 2701586Y
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- grinding
- abrasive disk
- ceramic balls
- base
- main shaft
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a high precise ceramic ball grinding device, comprising an upper lapping plate, a lower lapping plate, the chief axis of the grinding plate, a right and a left upright posts, a lifting platform, a base, a spring, cap nuts, axle sleeves, etc., wherein, the base is installed on the base of a drill machine or a milling machine, and the chief axis of the grinding plate is connected with the drill machine or the chief axis of the vertical milling machine. The grinding face of the upper grinding plate is a conical surface, and the lower grinding plate is in a cylindrical shape which is composed of two bottoms and an elevation. The upper grinding plate is connected with the chief axis of the grinding plate via cap nuts, and the chief axis of the grinding plate and the lifting platform are assembled together via two angular contact ball bearings on the top and the bottom as well as two bearing covers on the top and the bottom. Thus, the rising and falling of the upper grinding plate is realized, the grinding workpieces can be fetched and put conveniently, and the grinding pressure can be altered. The right and the left upright posts which are fixed to the base are used as guide rails of the lifting platform. The upright posts are provided with screw thread on the upper end, and sheathed with cap nuts. A spring is provided between the cap nuts and the right and left axle sleeves, and the deflection of the spring can be adjusted by adjusting the nuts. Thus, the grinding pressure can be altered.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of bulb lapping device, and the particularly a kind of close ceramic ball bearing high rigidity of high speed and super precision, high-precision Ceramic Balls precise Grinding of Ellipse Parts processing unit (plant) of being used for belongs to high-accuracy bulb process technology.
Background technology
Though the progress of forming process of ceramics, sintering technology constantly improves the precision of ceramic blank goods, but with pottery as structural material, particularly frame for movement cooperatively interacts when using, still must process, with the size and dimension precision of raising sintered article and the integrality of finished surface pottery.
Ceramic material is by covalent bond or ionic bond be combined into, present with based on the different character of the metal material of metallic bond, promptly general anti-shearing stress is very high, and stretch-proof stress is very low, elastic modelling quantity is quite big simultaneously, belongs to hard brittle material.Engineering ceramics is harder and crisp than metal material usually, be difficult to common metal cutting method processing, and most of pottery is the non-conductor of electricity, generally should not adopt electric processing methods such as spark machined that this makes the processing of ceramic material be very limited.
Along with the development of process technology, relevant ceramic method for processing is on the increase, and classifies by the mode of energize, can be divided into mechanical processing method, electricity processing method, chemical process method, optics processing method and Compound Machining method etc.Attrition process is a kind of of mechanical processing method, grinds and just is to use free abrasive, makes surface to be machined produce small removal effect, thereby reaches a kind of ultraprecise processing method of processing effect.On the removal mechanism of material, grinding is a kind of processing method between brittle break and elasticity removal.Attrition process is because the removal unit of material is little, and elaboration power is little, produces damaged surface layer, residual stress and microcrack hardly, can reach very high machining accuracy and surface integrity.But its working (machining) efficiency is very low, generally only is used as the final ultraprecise processing of ceramic material.Lapping device has material impact to the grinding precision and the grinding efficiency of Ceramic Balls.To carry out deep analysis to the motion state in the lapping device of ball, understand the reason that influences grinding efficiency and precision, provide theoretical foundation for designing perfect lapping device.
At present, attrition process for Ceramic Balls, have some corresponding processing unit (plant)s both at home and abroad, as: circle groove abrasive working appts, V-shaped groove abrasive working appts, spin revolution control abrasive working appts, magnetic suspension abrasive working appts, non-magnetic suspension abrasive working appts etc.Because circle groove abrasive working appts is very high for the steel ball working (machining) efficiency, but very bad to the such hard brittle material processing effect of Ceramic Balls; Though V-shaped groove abrasive working appts structure is simple, working (machining) efficiency, machining accuracy are not ideal; Though machining accuracies such as spin revolution control abrasive working appts, magnetic suspension abrasive working appts and non-magnetic suspension abrasive working appts are very high, working (machining) efficiency is relatively poor, and the processing unit (plant) complex structure, the processing cost height.Therefore, for the processing of Ceramic Balls, a kind of existing higher working (machining) efficiency of market in urgent need and machining accuracy have Ceramic Balls attrition process equipment simple in structure, with low cost again.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the prior art above shortcomings, improve by research, designed a kind of tapered Ceramic Balls lapping device, this device is from the angle of ceramic grinding mechanism, taken all factors into consideration Ceramic Balls grinding efficiency, grinding precision and ground to provide on the basis of cost.And provided rational Ceramic Balls grinding technics according to this lapping device.
The design that the utility model provides is: adopt 3 of upper and lower abrasive disk and Ceramic Balls formations to contact and grind, wherein, the abradant surface of top lap is the conical surface, and following abrasive disk is a cylindrical shape, and its abradant surface is cylinder inner bottom surface and facade.Following abrasive disk is connected and fixed motionless by bolt and base, top lap connects by nut and abrasive disk main shaft, and the abrasive disk main shaft can connect by the main shaft of flexible piece and drilling machine or vertical knee-type milling machine, to realize rotatablely moving of top lap.
This tapered Ceramic Balls lapping device that the utility model provides includes compositions such as top lap, following abrasive disk, abrasive disk main shaft, left and right column, hoistable platform, base, spring, nut, axle sleeve, wherein base is installed on drilling machine or the milling machine base, the abrasive disk main shaft connects by shaft coupling and drilling machine or vertical knee-type milling machine main shaft, can realize level or stepless speed regulation.The abradant surface of top lap is the conical surface, and following abrasive disk is a cylinder type, has two abradant surfaces of bottom surface and facade.Top lap is connected with the abrasive disk main shaft by nut, the abrasive disk main shaft is by two angular contact ball bearings up and down and two bearing (ball) covers and hoistable platform fit together up and down, to realize the lifting of top lap, in order to conveniently to pick and place grinding work-piece and to change grinding pressure.Abrasive disk main shaft and drilling machine or vertical knee-type milling machine main shaft adopt flexible piece to connect, to slow down impact.Left and right pillar is the guide rail of hoistable platform, is fixed on the base, and there is screw thread column upper end, is with nut, between nut and left and right bushing spring is housed, by adjusting nut can regulating spring deflection, thereby change grinding pressure.
The utility model carries out in the Ceramic Balls process of lapping, and its single ceramic ball grinding mechanism is analyzed as follows: the contact point of establishing upper and lower abrasive disk and Ceramic Balls is respectively A, B, C.Ceramic Balls only is subjected to the effect of abrasive disk, and following abrasive disk is fixed, and top lap fricton-tightly drives Ceramic Balls by the contact point with Ceramic Balls and does the grinding motion.The angular speed of top lap is ω, and the revolution radius of three contact points is respectively R
A, R
B, R
C, the Ceramic Balls radius is r.The nothing of Ceramic Balls is skidded, and grinding moves is made up of revolution and rotation, revolution angular speed Q (around hollow shaft), spin velocity ω
b(around the Ceramic Balls axis of rotation).The nothing of Ceramic Balls skidded grind motion, the axis of rotation perseverance of Ceramic Balls remains on the big disk of Ceramic Balls longitude section, spin velocity ω
bThe direction of vector on this plane represented by θ.In the actual attrition process of Ceramic Balls, abrasive disk is not Utopian 3 contacts with contacting of Ceramic Balls, but three limited contacts, this just makes nothing of idealized 3 the contact situation Ceramic Balls of grinding campaign ratio of Ceramic Balls skid and grinds the motion complexity.Grinding campaign just because of in esse this complexity makes Ceramic Balls in grinding, and its axis of rotation (is ω to the space orientation of hollow shaft
b) take place to change slowly, do " in a disguised form to the orientation " and grind motion, thereby make that the grinding trace on Ceramic Balls surface no longer is three constant annulus, but three space curves that slowly launch.Ceramic Balls makes with the lip-deep point of all Ceramic Balls of dish and obtains equal-opportunity grinding after grinding through certain hour, reaches higher precision and surface quality requirement at last.Therefore, suitable contact area helps the raising of grinding efficiency, but along with the abrasive disk increase of service time, the contact area of abrasive disk and Ceramic Balls is increasing, and in contact-making surface, abrasive disk also becomes increasingly complex with relative slip between the Ceramic Balls, the harmful effect that grinding effect rose that normal pivot is slided strengthens, therefore, after abrasive disk uses a period of time, must the periodic replacement abrasive disk.
The utility model Ceramic Balls is carried out geometry related in the attrition process process and mechanics parameter a lot, but Ceramic Balls ground mainly containing of material impact: R is arranged
B, r, φ, f, P
0, ω, inquire into emphatically wherein most important two parameters---grinding pressure P here
0With lap speed ω.Ceramic Balls skidding in grinding ground the most harmful to Ceramic Balls, not only directly destroy the Grinding Quality of Ceramic Balls, but also destroy normal grinding motion, thus causing crowded the bumping between the adjacent ceramic ball, more serious meeting has influence on normally carrying out of Ceramic Balls attrition process.Therefore, the basic point of departure of analyzing grinding pressure and lap speed problem is, must guarantee that Ceramic Balls is done not have to skid to grind to move in grinding.These two parameters of grinding pressure and lap speed are closely related, and influence grinding precision and grinding efficiency simultaneously, therefore, when determining its occurrence, must consider simultaneously, take into account mutually.For example selecting grinding pressure P
0During with lap speed ω, if lay particular emphasis on grinding precision (during lappingout), P
0With ω should be smaller; As lay particular emphasis on grinding efficiency (when slightly grinding), P
0With ω can be greatly.P
0Determine with the last of ω, also must be by the field experiment of a large amount of Ceramic Balls grindings, to obtain best grinding effect.
A reasonable process technology that adopts the utility model to carry out the Ceramic Balls attrition process is: slightly grind → half lappingout → lappingout → super lappingout → polishing.For guaranteeing grinding efficiency and precision, should rationally arrange operation according to the surplus of batch size, ball base, to smart, progressively reduce grinding pressure and rotating speed by slightly.The precision of lapping device has a significant impact the raising of grinding efficiency and precision, mainly should guarantee the depth of parallelism, perpendicularity, off-centre and the guiding accuracy of upper and lower abrasive disk, and this is directly connected to the stressed and motion state of ball.Allocate rational grinding agent and help to improve grinding precision and efficient, need take measures abrasive material is suspended in lapping liquid, the interpolation of grinding agent will be followed a small amount of principle repeatedly.When slightly grinding, removal amount is big, and abrasive dust is many, stops up the abrasive disk raceway groove easily, influences the spin motion of Ceramic Balls, makes machining accuracy and working (machining) efficiency all can not get guaranteeing, therefore, must in time remove raffinate, fills grinding agent.Experiment showed, and to raise the efficiency in view of the above about 20%, reduce about process time, 8h/ criticized.When slightly grinding, the abrasive disk material will be selected mild steel for use, as 45# steel, cast iron, helps the ball track to form, unified fast sphere diameter.During lappingout, the abrasive disk material should be selected hard steel for use, so that for keeping kinematic accuracy for a long time, as hardened steel.Abrasive disk is thick, the useful life of lappingout is roughly 80h and 120h.
In the utility model, the grinding pressure of abrasive disk is realized by two adjusting nuts of two column upper ends about regulating, down adjusting nut can compress spring, thereby increased the elastic force of spring, nut about attention on two columns must be synchronously, so that the deflection of left and right sides spring is identical, make that promptly being added in trying hard to keep on the hoistable platform holds equilibrium, hoistable platform is added in this pressure on the abrasive disk main shaft by bearing and bearing (ball) cover again, thereby can increase the grinding pressure of Ceramic Balls, on the contrary, up adjusting nut can reduce the grinding pressure of Ceramic Balls.In addition, the grinding rotating speed of abrasive disk also can be realized by the rotating speed of regulating drilling machine or milling machine spindle.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: this apparatus structure is simple, grinding mechanism is correctly reliable, by adopting rational grinding process technique, can effectively improve the grinding precision and the grinding efficiency of Ceramic Balls, can realize single-piece or batch process.Can be high-speed, high precision machine-tool spindle system and automatic production line crucial fundamental parts is provided, and China is reached the international leading level in the research in this field, not only accelerated Digit Control Machine Tool towards at a high speed, the paces of efficient, high accuracy development, and can progressively form the high-tech industry of professional production high-precision ceramic ball bearing, tap new sources of economic growth.Can also promote the scrap build of big-and-middle-sized machining enterprise such as Bearing Factory, engine works, Gear Factory, for the domestic user creates about remarkable economic efficiency.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of the embodiment that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model;
Fig. 2-1 is the grinding mechanism figure of Ceramic Balls in the utility model;
Fig. 2-2 also is the grinding mechanism figure of Ceramic Balls in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is a ceramic ball surface grinding trace schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is the limited contact-making surface schematic diagrames of three in the Ceramic Balls process of lapping
Number in the figure is: 1. base, 2. column, 3. axle sleeve, 4. sleeve nut, 5. spring lower gasket, 6. spring, 7. upright nut, 8. spring upper gasket, 9. bolt, 10. mainshaft nut, 11. shaft couplings, 12. the abrasive disk main shaft, 13. bearing (ball) covers, 14. sealing rings, 15. the adjustment pad, 16. angular contact ball bearings, 17. hoistable platforms, 18. top lap, 19. times abrasive disks, 20. Ceramic Balls.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the concrete technical scheme of the present utility model and the course of work are described further:
As Fig. 1～shown in Figure 4, this tapered Ceramic Balls lapping device that the utility model provides includes compositions such as top lap 18, following abrasive disk 19, abrasive disk main shaft 12, left and right pillar 2, hoistable platform 17, base 1, spring 6, nut 7, axle sleeve 3, wherein base 1 is installed on drilling machine or the milling machine base, abrasive disk main shaft 12 connects by shaft coupling 11 and drilling machine or vertical knee-type milling machine main shaft, can realize level or stepless speed regulation.The abradant surface of top lap 18 is the conical surface, and following abrasive disk 19 is a cylinder type, has two abradant surfaces of bottom surface and facade.Top lap is connected with abrasive disk main shaft 12 by nut 10, the abrasive disk main shaft is by two angular contact ball bearings up and down and two bearing (ball) covers and hoistable platform fit together up and down, to realize the lifting of top lap, in order to conveniently to pick and place grinding work-piece and to change grinding pressure.Abrasive disk main shaft and drilling machine or vertical knee-type milling machine main shaft adopt flexible piece to connect, to slow down impact.Left and right pillar is the guide rail of hoistable platform, is fixed on the base, and there is screw thread column upper end, is with nut, between nut and left and right bushing spring is housed, by adjusting nut can regulating spring deflection, thereby change grinding pressure.
Following table has been listed taper polishing Ceramic Balls attrition process condition.
Grinding condition
| Sample | HIPSN: φ 8 ± 0.15; The ball base |
| Abrasive material | Diamond abrasive: 170 #/200 #～W0.5; Polishing: Fe 2O 3Skive: 11A 2(BW 1)150×40×32×5D170 #(280 #)M100 |
| Auxiliary agent | Lubricating oil, fat, water, kerosene and composition thereof |
| | 5％～30％ |
| Single batch of nodule number (individual) | 30，40，50 |
| Every ball (mm) | |
| Grinding pressure (N/ ball) | 0.5～20 |
| The abrasive disk material | Cast iron, mild steel, hardened steel, rubber |
| Lap speed | 160～4000r/min |
| Abrasive disk parameter (mm) | R A＝132.5，R B＝140，R C＝129，Φ＝30° |
| Spin angle θ | θ＝46.5° |
| Spin velocity (r/min) | 5.6～244 |
| Revolution angular speed (r/min) | 0.51～12.8 |
Pottery belongs to fragile material, and under the effect of abrasive particle, the surface can produce different crackles, so the attrition process of Ceramic Balls will be carried out step by step, by slightly finishing to the smart multiple working procedure that divides.Operation for a long time non-cutting time long, process time is short, it is long that the cleaning of ball picks and places the time, great advantage is can reasonable distribution allowance, per pass process efficiency height.Operation after a little while non-cutting time short, long processing time, the abrasive grain difference is big, must guarantee that enough allowance could remove defective that preceding working procedure is stayed and reach and improve machining accuracy gradually.The division of operation will comprehensively determine that when big in batches, operation is divided the raising that helps whole efficiency according to manufacturing batch, ball base surplus, error size etc.Therefore, the Ceramic Balls grinding process technique is: slightly grind → carefully grind → lappingout → super lappingout → polishing.
Grinding abrasive uses diamond abrasive, also can use SiC, B4C abrasive material.The diamond abrasive cost is higher, the working (machining) efficiency height.Rough lapping has two effects: the one, eliminate the bigger preparation defective in ball base surface, and reduce deviation from spherical form, unified sphere diameter; The 2nd, efficiently remove surplus and satisfy the sphere diameter requirement.Slightly grind and at first the ball base to be divided into groups by maximum gauge, shorten the erratic process of grinding initial stage, and reduce it as far as possible and beat to improve grinding efficiency.The purpose of lappingout and polishing is the precision and the surface quality of ball, removes surplus and should guarantee to eliminate the defective that preceding working procedure is left over, and moreover, also should guarantee enough surpluses so that improve precision gradually.The purpose of polishing is to improve surface roughness.
Following table has been listed one than reasonable technological parameter.
Reasonable technological parameter
What following table was listed is the testing result of ceramic ball finished product.From testing result: the precision level of the Ceramic Balls that processes has reached the G5 class precision of steel ball, and the part ball reaches the G3 class precision.
Ceramic ball finished product testing result (μ m)
Claims (3)
1. novel high-accuracy Ceramic Balls lapping device, include compositions such as top lap, following abrasive disk, abrasive disk main shaft, left and right column, hoistable platform, base, spring, nut, axle sleeve, the abradant surface that it is characterized in that top lap is the conical surface, following abrasive disk is a cylinder type, have two abradant surfaces of bottom surface and facade, following abrasive disk is connected with base by bolt, top lap connects by nut and abrasive disk main shaft, and the abrasive disk main shaft is by two angular contact ball bearings up and down and two bearing (ball) covers and hoistable platform fit together up and down.
2. a kind of novel high-accuracy Ceramic Balls lapping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that abrasive disk main shaft and drilling machine or vertical knee-type milling machine main shaft adopt flexible piece to connect.
3. a kind of novel high-accuracy Ceramic Balls lapping device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that left and right column is the guide rail of hoistable platform, be fixed on the base, there is screw thread left and right column upper end and is with spring, spacing up and down by nut and axle sleeve, axle sleeve is assemblied in about hoistable platform in two earholes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2004200705466U CN2701586Y (en) | 2004-09-07 | 2004-09-07 | High precise ceramic ball grinding device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2004200705466U CN2701586Y (en) | 2004-09-07 | 2004-09-07 | High precise ceramic ball grinding device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2701586Y true CN2701586Y (en) | 2005-05-25 |
Family
ID=34777882
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2004200705466U Expired - Fee Related CN2701586Y (en) | 2004-09-07 | 2004-09-07 | High precise ceramic ball grinding device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2701586Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102615568A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-01 | 自贡市瑞拓阀门维修有限公司 | Valve grinding and maintaining machine tool |
| CN110153837A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-08-23 | 泉州市嘉信机械制造有限公司 | A kind of stone ball grinding apparatus |
-
2004
- 2004-09-07 CN CNU2004200705466U patent/CN2701586Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102615568A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-01 | 自贡市瑞拓阀门维修有限公司 | Valve grinding and maintaining machine tool |
| CN102615568B (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2013-12-18 | 自贡市瑞拓阀门维修有限公司 | Valve grinding and maintaining machine tool |
| CN110153837A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-08-23 | 泉州市嘉信机械制造有限公司 | A kind of stone ball grinding apparatus |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |