CN2696301Y

CN2696301Y - Stalk harvesting and crushing machine for ensilage

Info

Publication number: CN2696301Y
Application number: CN 200420015972
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王杰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-03-30
Filing date: 2004-03-30
Publication date: 2005-05-04
Anticipated expiration: 2014-03-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a silage stalk harvesting and crushing machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural harvesting machines and is used for solving the technical problem that field stalks can be harvested and crushed at one time. The utility model comprises a motor, a transmission part and a working part and is characterized in that the working part is composed of a harvesting device, a feeding device and a material crushing and kneading device, wherein, the harvesting device comprises two vertical type rotary knife disks which are rotated in opposite direction, the feeding device comprises two packing auger rollers which are arranged coaxially, a cubing roller and a smooth roller, the cubing roller and the smooth roller are arranged up and down, and the material crushing and kneading device is composed of a knife roller and a fixed knife. The utility model can complete the harvesting, the crushing and kneading, the crushed material conveying, the crushed material storing, and the crushed material self-discharging overall processes at one time. The utility model has the advantages of reasonable integral structure design, stable running, reliable transmission, and strong applicability; furthermore, the production efficiency can reach 9-12 mous per hour, and compared with a traditional method, the production rate is greatly improved. The utility model can be matched with multiple mechanical type wheat combined harvesters, and the connection mode is simple and practical.

Description

Ensilage stalk results cracker

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of agricultural harvesting machinery, particularly has the device of straw harvesting, the integrated function of processing, belongs to technical field of agricultural harvesting.

Background technology

The feed stalk typically refers to the bar stem of corn, the contour bar crops of Chinese sorghum, this is a kind of herbaceous plant of ultrashort phase growth, be rich in crude fibre, vitamin, mineral matter, thick protein etc. in the stalk, be the first-class feed of pasture, but do not pass through the stalk of processing because its natural form and harder cutin cortex should not directly eat livestock.There is number every year in China with hundred million tons stalks results, but because the hysteresis of straw harvesting, process technology makes it give it up greatly or incinerated, causes the pollution of the wasting of resources and environment.A kind of more welcome stalk processing method is to be re-used as feed after chemical mode ensiling ammonification or hydrolysed ferment are adopted in stalk results chopping back.Manually carrying out but the results of stalk and pulverizing still rely on, then reenter the hole ensiling, is very much time and effort consuming.Current comparatively advanced large-scale reaping machine can once be finished harvesting, the chopping processing of stalk, but cost an arm and a leg, and energy-output ratio is big, is unsuitable for general livestock raiser or middle-size and small-size feed lot and uses.Some small harvesters commonly used, function singleness, production efficiency are low, a kind of suspension type corn straw harvesting machine is disclosed as Chinese patent 99251310.3, this machine can with the tractor adapted of various models, but its function only is a side that pushes the field after will maize straw cutting off.Obviously, this equipment still is difficult to satisfy the requirement of a large amount of stalk results processing.

Summary of the invention

The utility model is used to overcome the defective of prior art and provides a kind of land for growing field crops straw harvesting, one step completed ensilage stalk of chopping realized to gather in the crops cracker.

The alleged problem of the utility model solves with following technical proposals:

A kind of ensilage stalk results cracker, it comprises engine, running part and working portion, its special feature is: described working portion is made up of reaping apparatus, drawing-in device and material chopping rubbing device, described reaping apparatus comprises two vertical rotating cutterheads 1 that rotate in opposite directions, the uniform moving tooth 3 in cutterhead upper strata, the uniform cutter 2 of lower floor, the circumferential position of moving tooth and cutter is provided with at interval, and number respectively is 2～6; Described drawing-in device comprises that stalk makes mechanism and feeding mechanism in order, and wherein to make mechanism in order be that the hand of spiral of two auger roller 4, two auger rollers of coaxial setting should make stalk assemble in the middle of it to stalk, fixing spring bearer plate 5 on the axle between the two auger rollers; The corresponding auger roller of described feeding mechanism, it is made up of the licker-in 6 and the smooth roll 25 of upper and lower settings, and two roller rotation directions are opposite; Described material chopping rubbing device is made up of rotor 7 and stationary knife 26, and stationary knife and frame are fixed, the corresponding licker-in of rotor, smooth roll, and each rotor is provided with two cutterheads, and the moving knife on each cutterhead on 8, two cutterheads of uniform 4～8 moving knife is interconnected.

Above-mentioned ensilage stalk results cracker, described running part is made up of preposition power train and work power train, preposition power train is by band transmission 34, chain drive 35 is formed, the work power train is by two strands wheel 18, sprocket wheel 17, band transmission 16 drives drive assembly, described drive assembly is: 11 chain drive are connected the high speed shaft sprocket wheel 10 on the decelerator high speed shaft 19 with the tool roller axis sprocket wheel, slow-speed shaft sprocket wheel 12 and smooth roll axle sprocket wheel 13, the double-stranded wheel 14 of auger roll shaft, initiatively 15 chain drive of bevel pinion shaft sprocket wheel connect, wherein, 9 chain drive are connected with thorn roll shaft sprocket wheel for smooth roll axle sprocket wheel and auger roll shaft sprocket wheel switched in opposite, the double-stranded wheel 14 of auger roll shaft; Be provided with two initiatively conical gear 22-1,22-2 on the described active bevel pinion shaft 24 relatively, they with respectively with the vertical rotating cutter axis on driven bevel gear 23-1,23-2 be in transmission connection.

Above-mentioned ensilage stalk results cracker, set up grain lifter, grain lifter is positioned at the front portion of body working portion, it is made up of last grain lifter 38 and following grain lifter 36, and last grain lifter comprises support 41, poly-standing grain frame 40, grain separating rack 39, and support is installed in casing top, the preposition wedge angle angle of grain separating rack is 100～150 degree, following grain lifter middle part is provided with down grain separating rack 42, and the preposition wedge angle angle of following grain separating rack is 50～80 degree, and grain separating rack is corresponding with following grain separating rack position.

Above-mentioned ensilage stalk results cracker, described working portion is made up of the identical reaping apparatus of two covers, drawing-in device and material chopping rubbing device; Described work power train comprises the identical drive assembly of two covers.

Above-mentioned ensilage stalk results cracker, described licker-in 6 floats and installs, and the licker-in axle bearing is connected with movable sleeve 27 by connecting rod 28, and described movable sleeve sky is enclosed within on the auger roll shaft, and connecting rod is provided with return spring 29.

Above-mentioned ensilage stalk results cracker is set up the material throwing device, throws and send device to send pipeline 30 to form by rotor casing 37 and throwing, and both are communicated with, and throws the corresponding hopper 31 of the outlet of sending pipeline.

Above-mentioned ensilage stalk results cracker, described hopper is provided with self-unloading oil cylinder 33, and hopper and fixed frame 32 are hinged, and the piston rod and the hopper of self-unloading oil cylinder are hinged.

The utility model can disposablely finish that straw harvesting, the chopping in land for growing field crops are rubbed, particle is carried, and particle is stored, particle self-unloading overall process.This machine overall construction design is reasonable, and running is steady, reliable transmission, and the ceding of Taiwan before the vertical rotating can not limited by line-spacing, and adaptability is strong, and production efficiency can reach per hour 9～12 mu, compares with conventional method, and is time saving and energy saving, improved productivity ratio greatly.The field is disposable to fulfil assignment owing to adopt, and the feed stalk of its processing can keep fresh, and nutrient loss is few, and feed impurity is few, the clean level height.The utility model can with the supporting use of the combined wheat harvester of different types of machines, connected mode is simple and easy to do, corresponding application scenario of widening combine.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is the utility model working portion and work power train schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is that working portion critical piece position concerns schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of connecting rod and movable sleeve;

Fig. 5 is a front view of going up grain lifter;

Fig. 6 is the left view of Fig. 4.

Each label implication is as follows in the accompanying drawing: 1. vertical rotating cutterhead; 2. cutter; 3. moving tooth; 4. auger roller; 5. spring bearer plate; 6. licker-in; 7. rotor; 8. moving knife; 9. sting the roll shaft sprocket wheel; 10. high speed shaft sprocket wheel; 11. tool roller axis sprocket wheel; 12. slow-speed shaft sprocket wheel; 13. smooth roll axle sprocket wheel; 14. the double-stranded wheel of auger roll shaft; 15. active bevel pinion shaft sprocket wheel; 16. high speed shaft belt pulley; 17. sprocket wheel; 18. double-stranded wheel 19. high speed shafts; 20. slow-speed shaft; 21. the part of hanging; 22-1,22-2. be conical gear initiatively; 23-1,23-2. driven bevel gear; 24. active bevel pinion shaft; 25. smooth roll; 26. stationary knife; 27. movable sleeve; 28. connecting rod; 29. return spring; Send pipeline 30. throw; 31. hopper; 32. fixed frame; 33. self-unloading oil cylinder.34. band transmission; 35.Chain drive; 36. following grain lifter; 37. rotor casing; 38. last grain lifter; 39. grain separating rack; 40. poly-standing grain frame; 41. support, 42. times grain separating racks.

Embodiment

The preceding ceding of Taiwan of combine is removed in the supporting use of the utility model and combined wheat harvester, and the part 21 of hanging of this machine is docked with it and got final product.Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model is a power source with the engine of combine, through the band transmission 34 of preposition power train, two strands wheel 18, sprocket wheel 17, band transmission 16 and the decelerator that the work power train is passed to power in chain drive 35.In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 as seen, transmission of power is to the identical drive assembly of two covers behind decelerator, drive assembly with the left side among Fig. 2 illustrates its transmission process: 11 chain drive are connected the high speed shaft sprocket wheel 10 on the decelerator high speed shaft 19 with the tool roller axis sprocket wheel, drive the rotor high speed rotating.Slow-speed shaft sprocket wheel 12 on the slow-speed shaft 20 is with smooth roll axle sprocket wheel 13, the double-stranded wheel 14 of smooth roll axle, initiatively 15 chain drive of bevel pinion shaft sprocket wheel are connected, drive smooth roll 25, auger roller 4, initiatively conical gear 22-1,22-2 rotation respectively, and, drive two vertical rotating cutterheads 1 thus and rotate in opposite directions by active conical gear drive driven bevel gear 23-1,23-2 rotation.As seen from Figure 1, connect smooth roll axle sprocket wheel and auger roll shaft sprocket wheel in the driving-chain, so the two-wheeled switched in opposite.Double-stranded wheel 14 of smooth roll axle and thorn roll shaft sprocket wheel 9 are in transmission connection, and drive licker-in 6 and rotate smooth roll 25 and licker-in 6 switched in opposite.

Still referring to Fig. 2, working portion of the present utility model is by being made up of the identical reaping apparatus of two covers, drawing-in device and material chopping rubbing device, with its course of work of each part description of the left side among Fig. 2: every cover reaping apparatus comprises that two are rotated vertical rotating cutterhead 1 in opposite directions, the uniform moving tooth 3 in cutterhead upper strata, the uniform cutter 2 of lower floor, the circumferential position of moving tooth and cutter is provided with at interval, and number respectively is 2～6.Drawing-in device comprises that stalk makes mechanism and feeding mechanism in order, stalk is made two auger rollers 4 that mechanism is coaxial setting in order, the auger roller is positioned at the top of cutterhead, the hand of spiral of two auger rollers is opposite, when the auger roller rotates, two reverse acting spirals are assembled stalk in the middle of two auger rollers, be provided with spring bearer plate 5 between two auger rollers, and its effect is that the stalk that will downcut is to the feeding mechanism force feed.The stalk of being made in order by the auger roller enters feeding mechanism, and feeding mechanism is made up of the licker-in 6 and the smooth roll 25 of upper and lower settings, and two roller rotation directions are opposite.Licker-in is designed to floating structure, referring to Fig. 4, the licker-in axle bearing is connected with movable sleeve 27 by connecting rod 28, and the movable sleeve sky is enclosed within on the auger roll shaft, connecting rod is provided with return spring 29, and this design is intended to make the distance between smooth roll and the licker-in what of material to adjust variation with.Material chopping rubbing device is made up of rotor 7 and stationary knife 26, and stationary knife and frame are fixed, and a rotor is provided with two cutterheads, uniform 4～8 moving knife 8 on each cutterhead, moving knife arranged spaced on two cutterheads, straw is rubbed through the knife back after blade cuts off again, forms material in small, broken bits.The critical piece of working portion as seen from Figure 3: the position relation of rotating vertical rotating cutterhead, auger roller, licker-in smooth roll, rotor.

Still referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 4, the utility model is set up the material throwing device, throws and send device to send pipeline 30 to form by rotor casing 37 and throwing, and both are communicated with, the air-flow that the rotor high speed rotating takes up is sent the material of chopping to throw to and is sent pipeline, throws the corresponding hopper 31 of the outlet of sending pipeline.The piston rod of hopper and self-unloading oil cylinder 33 is hinged, and hinged with fixed frame 32, starts the self-unloading oil cylinder and can realize automatic discharging.

The utility model is provided with grain lifter in the front portion of body, and grain lifter is made up of last grain lifter and following grain lifter.Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, last grain lifter comprises support 41, poly-standing grain frame 40, grain separating rack 39, support is installed in casing top, grain separating rack is pointed shape and is positioned at poly-standing grain frame middle part, its wedge angle angle is 100～150 degree, and referring to Fig. 2, following grain lifter comprises framework and is arranged on the following grain separating rack 42 of frame mid portion, the preposition wedge angle angle of following grain separating rack is 50～80 degree, and grain separating rack is corresponding with following grain separating rack position.Go up grain lifter contact straw earlier during work, and it is turned forward, cut by cutter again.

The course of work of the present utility model is, grain lifter is divided into two bundles with the land for growing field crops stalk up and down, and turn forward, cutter by the vertical rotating cutterhead cuts off stalk from root, the auger roller is made the stalk that downcuts in order and is sent to feeding mechanism, by the rotor place that licker-in and smooth roll are sent into stalk, the moving knife on the rotor of high speed rotating is with stalks cutting, and material in small, broken bits send pipeline to be transported to hopper with the air-flow that the rotor rotation takes up through throwing.

The utility model operation amplitude: 2.4 meters; Chopping length: 8～35 millimeters; Stubble height: less than 120 millimeters; Production efficiency: 9～12 mu/hour.

Claims

1. an ensilage stalk is gathered in the crops cracker, it comprises engine, running part and working portion, it is characterized in that: described working portion is made up of reaping apparatus, drawing-in device and material chopping rubbing device, described reaping apparatus comprises that two are rotated vertical rotating cutterhead (1) in opposite directions, the uniform moving tooth in cutterhead upper strata (3), the uniform cutter of lower floor (2), the circumferential position of moving tooth and cutter is provided with at interval, and number respectively is 2～6; Described drawing-in device comprises that stalk makes mechanism and feeding mechanism in order, and wherein stalk is made two auger rollers (4) that mechanism is coaxial setting in order, and the hand of spiral of two auger rollers should make stalk assemble in the middle of it, fixing spring bearer plate (5) on the axle between the two auger rollers; The corresponding auger roller of described feeding mechanism, it is made up of the licker-in (6) and the smooth roll (25) of upper and lower settings, and two roller rotation directions are opposite; Described material chopping rubbing device is made up of rotor (7) and stationary knife (26), and stationary knife and frame are fixed, rotor correspondence licker-in, smooth roll, and each rotor is provided with two cutterheads, and the moving knife on uniform 4～8 moving knife (8) on each cutterhead, two cutterheads is interconnected.

2. ensilage stalk results cracker according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described running part is made up of preposition power train and work power train, preposition power train is by band transmission (34), chain drive (35) is formed, the work power train is by two strands wheel (18), sprocket wheel (17), band transmission (16) drives drive assembly, described drive assembly is: chain drive is connected the high speed shaft sprocket wheel (10) on the decelerator high speed shaft (19) with tool roller axis sprocket wheel (11), slow-speed shaft sprocket wheel (12) and smooth roll axle sprocket wheel (13), the double-stranded wheel of auger roll shaft (14), initiatively bevel pinion shaft sprocket wheel (15) chain drive connects, wherein, chain drive is connected with thorn roll shaft sprocket wheel (9) for smooth roll axle sprocket wheel and auger roll shaft sprocket wheel switched in opposite, the double-stranded wheel of auger roll shaft (14); Be provided with two initiatively conical gears (22-1,22-2) on the described active bevel pinion shaft (24) relatively, they with respectively with the vertical rotating cutter axis on driven bevel gear (23-1,23-2) be in transmission connection.

3. ensilage stalk results cracker according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: set up grain lifter, grain lifter is positioned at the front portion of body working portion, it is made up of last grain lifter (38) and following grain lifter (36), last grain lifter comprises support (41), poly-standing grain frame (40), grain separating rack (39), support is installed in casing top, the preposition wedge angle angle of grain separating rack is 100～150 degree, following grain lifter middle part is provided with down grain separating rack (42), the preposition wedge angle angle of following grain separating rack is 50～80 degree, and grain separating rack is corresponding with following grain separating rack position.

4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described ensilage stalk results crackers, it is characterized in that: described working portion is made up of the identical reaping apparatus of two covers, drawing-in device and material chopping rubbing device; Described work power train comprises the identical drive assembly of two covers.

5. ensilage stalk results cracker according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described licker-in (6) floats and installs, the licker-in axle bearing is connected with movable sleeve (27) by connecting rod (28), and described movable sleeve sky is enclosed within on the auger roll shaft, and connecting rod is provided with return spring (29).

6. ensilage stalk results cracker according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: set up the material throwing device, throw and send device to send pipeline (30) to form by rotor casing (37) and throwing, both are communicated with, and throw the corresponding hopper (31) of the outlet of sending pipeline.

7. ensilage stalk results cracker according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described hopper is provided with self-unloading oil cylinder (33), and hopper and fixed frame (32) are hinged, and the piston rod and the hopper of self-unloading oil cylinder are hinged.