CN209882603U

CN209882603U - Flat crusher with conical feeding rotary table

Info

Publication number: CN209882603U
Application number: CN201920622405.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张连生
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-05
Filing date: 2019-05-05
Publication date: 2020-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-05

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, specifically a plain end rubbing crusher with taper feed carousel. The straws of corn, sugarcane and the like are generally slender, the straws which are not arranged in a forward direction are more disordered, the occupied space is large, the straws are more difficult to push to the feeding hole of the crushing device, the straws are often pushed to the feeding hole of the crushing device manually, and the straws cannot be fed automatically. The utility model comprises a cutting machine, a conveyor and a charging barrel; a tapered paddle is arranged in the middle of the inner part of the barrel body and is provided with a paddle rotating shaft, and the tapered paddle is assembled at the bottom of the feeding barrel through the paddle rotating shaft; the crank neck is provided with a kneading and crushing machine which is used for carrying out secondary kneading and crushing treatment on the materials treated by the cutting machine; the pulverizer comprises a power device and a gearbox. The utility model discloses carry out the preliminary treatment with the feed bucket that has the taper oar to materials such as straw, make in a jumble, prop up stupefied eight straw of perk and can straighten in order, can improve work efficiency by a wide margin.

Description

Flat crusher with conical feeding rotary table

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, specifically a plain end rubbing crusher with taper feed carousel.

Background

Straw is a generic term for the stem and leaf (ear) portion of a mature crop, usually referring to the remainder of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oilseed rape, cotton, sugar cane, soybeans, peanuts and other crops (usually roughages) after harvesting the seed. More than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straws, and the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, are multipurpose renewable biological resources, and are also coarse feed. It features high coarse fibre content (30-40%), and lignin content. Although the lignocellulose cannot be utilized by pigs and chickens, the lignocellulose can be absorbed and utilized by livestock such as ruminants, cattle and sheep.

Along with the development of agricultural mechanization, and the promotion of environmental protection demand, the straw that produces in the agricultural production process, it returns the field to all advocate the straw now, can adopt the method of smashing or burning to handle the straw, nevertheless can produce a large amount of smog and dust usually because burning, the serious influence, pollute the atmospheric environment, at present more and more local mechanical type crushing mode of adoption, direct can correspond when reaping smashes the straw, the straw after smashing remains promptly in former arable land, it is quick convenient. In addition, in northern farming and pasturing areas, the straws can also be used for being converted into livestock feed, and the straws are naturally dried firstly, and then cut and crushed by a crusher to form feed and forage which can be eaten by livestock; the straw can also be converted into silage, which is directly harvested, cut and crushed, and then subjected to subsequent treatment (such as fermentation) for livestock to eat.

In the cutting and crushing processes of the straws, the conventional cutting machine and the conventional crushing machine need to manually feed materials into the machine, the workload of personnel is heavy, the danger coefficient is high, and the working environment is very severe due to flying of dust and scraps. Especially when the dried straws are cut and crushed, dust and chips in the operation process are more serious, common users cannot work, feeding is carried out in the cutting machine and the crushing machine manually, the problem that the feeding cannot supply the consumption of the machine in time is also common, the machine is mostly in a zero-load idle running state, and the efficiency is lower. Some smashing devices in the market adopt mechanical feeding, but the smashing devices cannot provide stable straw supply amount, are intermittent, more and less, and are often in supply gear failure, or are blocked due to overlarge centralized supply amount. The straws of corn, sugarcane and the like are generally slender, and the straws which are not finished in the forward direction are more stupefied and tilted, so that the occupied space is large, and the straws are more difficult to push to a feeding hole of the crushing device; the straws of other crops such as wheat, rice and the like are finer and more dense, and the feed inlet of the crushing device is easy to block; in addition, the straws of beans such as soybeans and peanuts, vines such as cucumbers and luffa are mutually crossed and intertwined and disorderly, and the straws need to be manually pushed to a feeding hole of a crushing device when being crushed, otherwise the straws cannot be fed by self.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at: the straw pulverizer is developed, has the functions of automatic feeding, cutting and pulverizing, and throwing and discharging, and the automatic feeding function can be completely automatic, namely the pulverizer is connected with a production line type material conveying device and stably conveys straws to the pulverizer by adopting a production line; the autonomous feeding function may also be semi-automatic, i.e. other machines or devices for loading, lifting, handling, etc. are used to transport the material to the crusher, and then the crusher realizes autonomous feeding.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:

plain end rubbing crusher with toper feed carousel, its characterized in that:

the crusher comprises a cutting machine, a conveyor and a feeding barrel;

the cutting machine is a device which is provided with a cutting roll shaft and a plurality of cutters which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutting roll shaft and used for cutting straws;

the conveyer is a device which is provided with a pair of feeding roll shafts and a plurality of flail knives arranged along the circumferential direction of the feeding roll shafts and is used for feeding straws to the cutting machine;

the feeding barrel is provided with a barrel-shaped barrel body, the opening of the barrel body is upward, and the barrel body comprises a side wall and a barrel bottom plate; the barrel body is used for placing, containing and pretreating straws, and the pretreated straws are pushed into a cutting machine through a conveyor to be cut and crushed;

the barrel body is in a cylindrical barrel shape or an inverted cone barrel shape with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part;

a tapered paddle is arranged in the middle of the inner part of the feeding barrel body and is provided with a paddle rotating shaft, and the tapered paddle is assembled at the bottom of the feeding barrel through the paddle rotating shaft;

the paddle rotating shaft is provided with 2-4 fan blades, all the fan blades on the paddle rotating shaft are distributed in a central symmetry manner, and each fan blade is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom and is vertically or obliquely or spirally arranged on the paddle rotating shaft;

the conveyor is provided with a first shell, and the feeding roller shaft is arranged in the first shell; the first shell is connected to the outer wall of the side wall of the barrel body of the feeding barrel, and a barrel discharge port is formed in the position, connected with the first shell, on the side wall of the barrel body;

the cutting machine is provided with a second shell, and the cutting roller shaft is arranged in the second shell; the second shell is communicated with the first shell of the conveyor.

The barrel discharge port is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the barrel body, and the lower edge of the barrel discharge port is flush with the lower edge of the side wall.

The crusher comprises a frame, and the frame is used for assembling and supporting the cutting machine, the conveyor and the feeding barrel, so that the cutting machine, the conveyor and the feeding barrel work cooperatively.

The frame is provided with walking wheels for supporting and moving the pulverizer.

The first shell of the conveyor is of a cylindrical structure, one end of the first shell is communicated with a barrel discharge port of the feeding barrel body, and the other end of the first shell is used for being connected with a second shell of the cutting machine;

the second shell of the cutting machine is of a cylindrical structure, one end of the second shell is communicated with the conveyor, and the other end of the second shell is provided with a material lifting cylinder;

raise the feed cylinder and be the tube-shape, vertical setting, the bottom of raising the feed cylinder directly communicates, the other end with the second casing of cutting machine has the corner, and this corner is the tube-shape, its export directional orientation and keeps away from the direction of rubbing crusher.

The barrel body and/or the first shell and/or the second shell and/or the elbow are/is spliced together to form a closed shell with a main feed inlet and a main discharge outlet;

the total feed inlet is an upper opening of the feed barrel and is used for inputting materials into the crusher from the total feed inlet;

the total discharge hole is an outer end outlet of the elbow and is used for outputting the materials processed by the pulverizer from the total discharge hole.

And part or all of the barrel body, the first shell, the second shell and the elbow adopt an integrally formed structure.

The material lifting cylinder is provided with a kneading and crushing machine which is used for carrying out secondary kneading and crushing treatment on the materials treated by the cutting machine;

the kneading and crushing machine comprises a third shell and a kneading and crushing roller shaft, the third shell is horizontally arranged in the middle of the material lifting cylinder, and the material lifting cylinder above the third shell and the material lifting cylinder below the third shell are arranged in a staggered manner;

and a fixed straight knife is arranged on the kneading and crushing roller shaft.

The pulverizer comprises a power device and a gearbox, wherein the power device is used for supplying power to the pulverizer, and the gearbox is used for changing the power output rotating speed of the power device and dividing the power of the power device into power output with multi-stage rotating speed so as to respectively drive a feed barrel and/or a conveyor and/or a cutting machine and/or a kneading machine.

The specification and parameters of each part of the pulverizer are as follows:

a charging barrel: the upper part is 4 meters wide, the lower part is 3 meters wide and the height is 1.5 meters;

the height of the tapered paddle is 1.3 ~ 1.8.8 m, and the distance between the rotating surface of the fan blade and the inner wall of the side wall of the charging barrel is 20 ~ 40 cm, preferably 30 cm;

the rotating speed of the power device (such as an output shaft of a motor and a diesel engine) is 1500r/min, the rotating speed of the cutting machine (a cutting roll shaft) is 1000 r/min, the rotating speed of the conveyor (a feeding roll shaft) is 750 r/min, and the rotating speed of the feeding barrel (a paddle rotating shaft) is 80 ~ 100 r/min.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the method comprises the following steps that materials such as straws and the like are pretreated by a feeding barrel with a tapered paddle, so that the disordered and stupefied straws are straightened, and the straws move downwards from the upper part of the tapered paddle and gradually expand outwards to form a ring shape, and when the ring-shaped straws rotate to reach a discharge port of the barrel, the ring-shaped straws can be rolled by a conveyor to be conveyed to a cutting machine;

2. the feeding barrel is used for straightening and compacting the straws to form a stable and constant material source, so that the conveyor can continuously convey the materials to the cutting machine, idle running of all parts of the pulverizer can be greatly reduced, and the phenomenon that the conveyor or the cutting machine is blocked and jammed due to centralized supply of the materials can be prevented;

3. the cut materials are kneaded and crushed for the second time by adopting the kneading and crushing machine, and the straw sections which are cut orderly by the cutter of the cutting machine can be further crushed, namely, the straw sections are longitudinally crushed by the straight cutter of the kneading and crushing machine, so that the straw sections are more crushed, and the sharp edges are reduced, thereby facilitating the later use;

4. particularly, the pulverizer greatly saves manpower, improves the working environment of workers, and changes the manual feeding mode into mechanical feeding in the past, so that all the workers can work in a closed cab, and the workers are prevented from being damaged by dust pollution; in addition, work efficiency can be improved by a wide margin to the feedwell, and the artifical pay-off mode can smash 2t material (straw) about every hour, and this application rubbing crusher can realize smashing about 10t material every hour.

Drawings

The attached drawings are as follows:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein:

1 cutting machine 11, second shell 12, cutting roller 13 and cutter

2 first shell 22 of conveyor 21 feeding roller shaft 23 flail knife

3 side wall 33 of barrel 32 of feed barrel 31 barrel bottom plate 34 barrel discharge port 35 taper paddle 36 paddle rotary shaft 37 flabellum

4 rack 41 walking wheel

5 raise the feed cylinder 51 corner

Third casing 62 kneading roller shaft of 6 kneading and crushing machine 61

7 power device

8 speed changing box

9 a transmission device.

Detailed Description

In the following description of the respective embodiments, as shown in the coordinate direction in fig. 1, the horizontal direction in the drawing is the front-rear direction, the vertical direction is the up-down direction, and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing is the left-right direction. The following descriptions are based on the coordinate directions, and are not particularly described, or are not indicated clearly, or even are described with wrong directions.

[ example 1 ]

As shown in FIG. 1, the flat crusher with conical feeding turntable of this embodiment is characterized in that:

the crusher comprises a cutting machine, a conveyor and a feeding barrel;

the paddle rotating shaft is provided with 2-4 fan blades, all the fan blades on the paddle rotating shaft are distributed in a central symmetry manner, and each fan blade is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom and is vertically or obliquely or spirally arranged on the paddle rotating shaft; preferably, the paddle rotating shaft is provided with 3 fan blades;

The fan blades are triangular or trapezoidal, if the fan blades are triangular, one edge of each fan blade is superposed with the rotating shaft of the paddle, the other edge of each fan blade is parallel to the bottom plate of the bucket and is vertical to the rotating shaft of the paddle, and the third edge is an inclined hypotenuse, namely the triangle is a right triangle; if the fan blades are trapezoidal, the trapezoid is a right trapezoid, the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid coincides with the paddle rotating shaft, the waist perpendicular to the upper edge and the lower edge is parallel to the barrel bottom plate and perpendicular to the paddle rotating shaft, the upper edge is close to the side wall of the barrel, and the second waist is obliquely arranged. Further, when the flabellum is trapezoidal, the length of its shorter upper limit is less than or equal to the height of bucket discharge gate to make as much material as possible can be pushed to the entry position of conveyer by the flabellum, be convenient for material feeding. Furthermore, when the fan blades are trapezoidal, the shorter upper edges of the fan blades can be inclined to be parallel to the lower part of the side wall of the feeding barrel, so that the fan blades are closer to the inlet of the conveyor, and particularly, when the fan blades rotate, materials can be conveyed to the conveyor at a constant speed and flow rate, so that the cutting machine can work at a certain load all the time and is prevented from idling; strictly speaking, the fan blade is not a trapezoid but a quadrilateral, but the description of the quadrilateral is too large in scope, so the trapezoid referred to in this embodiment includes the shape with the upper side inclined (not parallel to the lower side).

Furthermore, the bottom of the fan blades can be provided with a paddle bottom plate which is fixed on the paddle rotating shaft and rotates together with the fan blades and the paddle rotating shaft, namely, the bottom between the fan blades is sealed by arranging the paddle bottom plate which is parallel to the barrel bottom plate, so that materials between the fan blades are separated from the barrel bottom plate as far as possible, and the materials, sundries and the like are prevented from winding the paddle rotating shaft when the pulverizer works for a long time.

The feeding barrel, the conveyor and the cutting machine are mounted on the frame, the frame is provided with a conventional support structure, and the structure of the frame is conventional technology according to the matching design of the size and the height of the feeding barrel, the conveyor and the cutting machine in front and back, so that the repeated description is omitted.

The frame is provided with a transmission device, and the transmission device transmits the power of an external power device or the power of a power device assembled by the pulverizer to the feeding barrel, the conveyor and the cutting machine so as to drive the feeding barrel, the conveyor and the cutting machine to work. Furthermore, the transmission devices among the feeding barrel, the conveyor and the cutting machine are linkage transmission mechanisms, namely, the feeding barrel, the conveyor and the cutting machine are in a linkage mode, and the feeding barrel, the conveyor and the cutting machine are in one-to-one motion and one-to-one stop; furthermore, the feed barrel and/or the conveyor and/or the cutting machine are/is respectively provided with a speed reducer, and the speed reducers are in transmission connection with the transmission device so as to realize the driving force for matching the feed barrel, the conveyor and the cutting machine with different rotating speeds.

The sequence and the position of the feed barrel, the conveyor and the cutting machine which are arranged on the rack follow the rule of 'feed barrel-conveyor-cutting machine', namely the feed barrel is responsible for collecting, arranging and preparing materials, the conveyor is responsible for feeding the materials into the cutting machine, and the cutting machine is responsible for cutting and crushing the materials and throwing out the cut materials. In the specific implementation process, the sizes of the corresponding shells can be designed according to the power of the driving devices of the components, and the installation positions of the components are reasonably arranged according to the sizes of the shells.

The barrel discharge port is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the barrel body, and the lower edge of the discharge port is flush with the lower edge of the side wall.

The cutting machine can adopt any existing product or combination of the existing technologies, the function of the cutting machine is to cut and crush materials, and the conventional technology is easy to realize, so that the repeated description is omitted.

The conveyor can adopt any existing product or combination of the existing technologies, the functions of the conveyor are to cut and crush materials, and the conventional technology is easy to realize, so that the detailed description is omitted.

And part or all of the barrel body, the first shell, the second shell and the elbow adopt an integrally formed structure. That is, based on staving, first casing, second casing, turning, especially first casing and second casing, the position is adjacent, and the distance is close, for saving cost of manufacture, convenient assembly etc. can design its part or whole into integrated into one piece's structure. Preferably, the first shell and the second shell are integrally formed, and the first shell, the barrel body with a large size and the crank neck with a long size are of a split structure, so that the first shell and the second shell are convenient to transport and mount.

Preferably, the feed barrel, the conveyor, the cutting machine and the material lifting barrel are sequentially arranged from front to back, the specifications of the first shell and the second shell are the same or matched, the opening size of a barrel discharge port of the feed barrel is the same as or matched with the section of the first shell, and the opening size of the side face of the bottom of the material lifting barrel is the same as or matched with the section of the second shell.

Preferably, the bottom plate of the feeding barrel, the bottom of the first shell, the bottom of the second shell and the bottom of the material lifting barrel are positioned on the same horizontal plane; further, the second casing of cutting machine according to the actual need of cutting roller and cutter, can also set the mid portion of second casing into the arc to more place, hold cutting roller and cutter more closely.

Preferably, the paddle shaft and/or the feed roller shaft are arranged in a vertical direction up and down the coordinate, and the cutting roller shaft and/or the crushing roller shaft are arranged in a horizontal direction left and right of the coordinate.

Preferably, the side wall of the feeding barrel is in an inverted cone barrel shape with a wide top and a narrow bottom, the feeding roller shaft is obliquely arranged along a direction parallel to the side wall of the feeding barrel, and a rotating surface of a flail knife on the feeding roller shaft (namely a circumferential surface generated by the outermost end of the flail knife rotating along the feeding roller shaft) preferably extends into the side wall of the feeding barrel so as to roll the material in the feeding barrel into the conveyor.

[ example 2 ]

As shown in fig. 1, on the basis of the above embodiment, the material raising cylinder of the present embodiment is provided with a kneading and crushing machine, and the kneading and crushing machine is used for performing a secondary kneading and crushing treatment on the material processed by the cutting machine;

This embodiment rub rubbing crusher can be with the straw section further fragmentation through the neat cutting of cutting machine cutter, the straight sword through rubbing crusher promptly with the vertical breakage of straw section, make it more fragmentation, and reduce sharp-pointed edge to the later stage is used. In order to make the crushing effect of the crusher better, the crushing roller shaft can be horizontally arranged, namely arranged along the left and right directions as shown in the figure, the crank neck above the third shell is arranged on the right side, and the crank neck below the third shell is arranged on the left side in a rolling way, and the crank neck are arranged in a staggered way, so that the materials (straw sections) cut by the cutting machine can be kept in the third shell for a crushing process as long as possible, the crushing time is prolonged, and the crushing is sufficient.

In addition, rubbing crusher setting can also play the effect of promotion, transport material at the middle part of raising the feed cylinder, is about to material promotion to a take the altitude to the total discharge gate of corner is thrown the material and is scattered to far distance.

The third shell is provided with an observation port for checking and overhauling the kneading and crushing machine.

[ example 3 ]

As shown in fig. 1, on the basis of the above embodiment, the pulverizer of the present embodiment includes a power device for supplying power to the pulverizer, and a transmission for changing the power output rotation speed of the power device and outputting the power of the power device through a transmission device in multiple rotation speeds to drive the feed bucket and/or the conveyor and/or the cutter and/or the kneader, respectively.

The power device adopts an independent power source, such as a motor, a diesel engine and the like, and drives all parts of the pulverizer to work through the independent power source; other power sources may be adopted, for example, the pulverizer may be mounted on a vehicle such as a tractor, and the vehicle may be used as a power source of the pulverizer. No matter which kind of device is used as the power source, the realization of its technique is not complicated, has a lot of and all belongs to conventional technique, only needs to press rubbing crusher's power demand, with the drive power transmission of power source to rubbing crusher each part can.

Furthermore, the power device converts power into multi-stage torque output through a gearbox, and drives the power device to work according to the power requirements of all parts of the pulverizer. The gearbox may employ any known conventional technique and will not be described in detail.

[ example 4 ]

On the basis of the above embodiments, the most preferable specific dimensions, specifications and parameters of the components of the pulverizer described in this embodiment are as follows:

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Plain end rubbing crusher with toper feed carousel, its characterized in that:

the crusher comprises a cutting machine, a conveyor and a feeding barrel;

2. The flat mouth pulverizer with conical feed rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

3. The flat mouth pulverizer with conical feed rotor as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

4. The flat mouth pulverizer with conical feed rotor as claimed in claim 3, wherein:

5. The flat crusher with conical feeding turntable as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:

6. The flat mouth pulverizer with conical feed rotor as claimed in claim 5, wherein:

7. The flat mouth pulverizer with conical feed rotor as claimed in claim 5, wherein:

8. The flat mouth pulverizer with conical feeding rotary table according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6, 7, characterized in that:

9. The flat mouth pulverizer with conical feed rotor as claimed in claim 8, wherein:

the specification and parameters of the following components of the pulverizer are as follows:

the height of the tapered paddle is 1.3 ~ 1.8.8 meters, and the distance between the rotating surface of the fan blade and the inner wall of the side wall of the feeding barrel is 30 ~ 40 centimeters;

the rotating speed is 1125 ~ 1875r/min power device, 750 ~ 1250 r/min cutting machine, 562 ~ 937 r/min conveyor and 80 ~ 100 r/min feed bucket.

10. The flat mouth pulverizer with conical feed rotor as claimed in claim 9, wherein:

the rotating speed of the power device is 1500r/min, the rotating speed of the cutting machine is 1000 r/min, and the rotating speed of the conveyor is 750 r/min.