CN2694287Y - Calibration device of electric field measuring apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a marking device for electric field measuring instruments, which comprises a capacitor type electric field marking box of which the transversal circumference is provided with a plurality of equipotential lines, equant resistors are connected among a high potential pole plate, the equipotential lines and a low potential pole plate of the marking box in series, two opposite side surfaces of the marking box are respectively provided with instrument windows, a controllable high voltage power source and a high voltage testing instrument are respectively communicated with the high potential pole plate of the marking box, and a data acquisition and display device is communicated with the output end of an electric field measuring instrument to be marked. The utility model has the characteristics of simple design structure, low cost, safe and convenient use, wide marking rang, good linearity and adaptability of the marking of electric field measuring instruments with various forms and is mainly used for the marking of ball carrying double-ball electric field measuring instruments, micro rocket electric field measuring instruments, ground rotary type electric field measuring instruments and other electric field measuring instruments.

Description

Calibration device for electric field measuring instrument

technical field

The utility model relates to a calibration device of a measuring instrument, in particular to a calibration device of an electric field measuring instrument.

Background technique

In the world, because electric field measuring instruments are widely used in scientific measurement, aviation, aerospace, industrial factories and mines and other places prone to static electricity and vulnerable to static electricity and lightning hazards, various types of electric field meters have been developed and established. For example, the former Soviet Union established a 24×24×10(m) electric field standard system, the United States established an electric field calibration system with an accuracy of 0.3%, and also established an electric field sub-standard system at Kennedy Space Center and other places. my country has also developed ground, satellite, rocket-borne, ball-borne and micro-rocket electric field instruments, etc., to meet the needs of scientific detection and safety monitoring and early warning of aviation, aerospace, industrial factories and mines that are prone to static electricity and vulnerable to static electricity and lightning hazards. . However, my country has not yet established national standards and military standards for electric fields. The electric field meter is one of the important equipment for monitoring the lightning protection effect of lightning protection facilities, static electricity monitoring and lightning early warning. It is very necessary to test the reliability of its measurement data. For this reason, we have developed the calibration device of the electric field measuring instrument of the present utility model to make up for the lack of electric field calibration equipment in our country.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a calibration device for electric field measuring instruments, especially to provide a calibration device suitable for various electric field meters such as rotary ground electric field meters, ball-borne double-ball electric field meters and micro-rocket electric field meters. It is used to test the lightning protection effect of lightning protection facilities and carry out static monitoring, lightning early warning equipment - the reliability of electric field measurement data, that is, the reliability of electric field data.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

The calibration device of the electric field measuring instrument provided by the utility model comprises:

A capacitor type electric field calibration box 9, a plurality of equipotential lines 12 are arranged around the horizontal direction of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 9, the high potential plate 91, the equipotential line 12 and the low potential plate 92 of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 9 Equivalent resistors 13 are connected in series, and instrument windows 17 are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 9;

A controllable high-voltage power supply 2, which communicates with the high-potential plate 91 of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 9 through a high-voltage input tube 14;

A high-voltage detection instrument 3, which communicates with the high potential plate 91 of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 9; and

A data acquisition and display device 4 is connected to the output terminal of the electric field measuring instrument 5 to be calibrated.

The capacitor-type electric field calibration box 9 is made of high and low potential plates 91, 92 placed in parallel at an interval of 100-1000 mm and four insulating materials placed between the high and low potential plates at four corners. The casing that pole plate pillar 10 forms; Described instrument window 17 is made up of instrument window pillar 11 and two equipotential lines 13 that are made of insulating material between high and low potential pole plate 91,92; Described An instrument hoisting support 15 is provided at the center of both sides of the high potential plate 91 of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 9; a flange 16 is provided at the center of the low potential plate 92 of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 9; The edges of the high and low potential pole plates 91, 92 of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 9 are arc-shaped; the pole plate support 10 and the instrument window support 11 have good rigidity and insulation, and the polarization residual charge is small Made of poly or wood; its surface is in a convex and concave shape.

The principle of the utility model for calibrating the electric field measuring instrument is: put the electric field measuring instrument 5 to be calibrated into a uniform standard electric field with known values, and compare the electric field to be calibrated by comparing the known standard electric field value with the output value of the electric field instrument to be calibrated The measuring instrument 5 is calibrated. The utility model designs a flat capacitive electric field calibration box based on the principle that there is a uniform electric field between two conductive plates at different potentials that are parallel to each other and have an infinite scale: two metal parallel plates with a distance of L are used as The high and low potential plates use air as the medium, and a known stable voltage V is applied to the two plates, then the electric field between the parallel metal plates is: E=V/L, and the accuracy of the electric field depends on the accuracy of voltage measurement and the accuracy of the distance measurement between the plates. Due to the limited scale of the two polar plates, the electric force lines and equipotential lines at the edge between the plates are distorted, that is, edge effects are produced. It is generally believed that the distortion occurs outside the range of r[r=(RR/e ⁿ )], the closer to The more serious the edge distortion, the principle is:

Suppose: the radius of the inscribed circle of the pole plate is R, and the distance between the two pole plates is L, then the linearity within the range of r is good and there is no distortion, r=(RR/e ⁿ ), where e is a constant, equal to 2.7, n= R/L; in the case of no equipotential line, for a calibration box of 1000×1000×500 (mm), R=L, n=1, then r=(RR/e ⁿ )=RR/2.7 ; And in the case of setting equipotential lines, if 20 equipotential lines are set, then r=(RR/e ²⁰ )=RR/2.7 ²⁰ , r expands, which is similar to R, that is to say, no distortion occurs The range has been greatly increased.

According to the above principle, in the calibration device of the electric field measuring instrument provided by the utility model, the output voltage of the controllable ultra-high voltage power supply is connected with the capacitor type electric field calibration box through the high voltage input tube, and the input end of the high voltage detector is connected with the capacitor type electric field calibration box The data acquisition and display device collects and processes the output of the electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated and displays the measured value of the electric field measuring instrument.

According to the above-mentioned principle, the capacitor type electric field calibration box of the present utility model (referring to Fig. 2) comprises: a capacitor type electric field calibration box body 9, the horizontal interval between the high and low potential pole plates 91 and 92 of the capacitor type electric field calibration box body 9 A plurality of equipotential lines 12 are installed, and a high-voltage input tube 14 is fixed on the high-potential pole plate 91, and equal voltage dividing resistors 13 are connected in series between the high-potential pole plate 91, the equipotential line 12 and the low-potential pole plate 92. 9 There are instrument windows 17 formed by instrument window pillars 11 and two equipotential lines 12 on the left and right sides respectively, and an instrument hoisting bracket 15 is respectively installed at the center of the left and right edges of the high potential plate 91 of the box body 9, and the box body A flange 16 is installed at the center on the low potential pole plate 92 of 9.

Connecting the equal voltage dividing resistor 13 in series between the high and low potential plates 91, 92 and the equipotential line 12 can effectively reduce the influence of the edge effect (see Fig. 5). The high and low potential plates of the box body are made of conductive The upper pole plate is connected to the controllable high-voltage power supply 2 through a circular metal tube 14, and the edges of the two pole plates are processed into a curved surface with a large radius of curvature, such as a spherical surface (see Figure 3), which can prevent Corona discharge and sparking occur under high voltage; the pole plate support 10 and the instrument window support 11 have good rigidity and insulation, and the surface is processed into a concave-convex shape (see Figure 4) to increase its surface resistance and improve insulation. .

The steps for calibrating the electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated using the electric field calibration device of the present utility model are as follows:

1. Check whether the grounding of the controllable high-voltage power supply 2, the capacitor type electric field calibration box 1 and related instruments is good;

2. Put the electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated into the capacitor-type electric field calibration box 1. For example, when the electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated is a ball-mounted double-ball electric field measuring instrument, use the left and right lifting brackets 15 to hoist it in the capacitor-type electric field calibration box 1. Calibrate at the center of the electric field calibration box 1; when the electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated is a micro-rocket electric field measuring instrument, it is placed at the center of the low potential plate 92 in the capacitor type electric field calibration box 1; When the calibrated electric field measuring instrument is a ground rotary electric field measuring instrument, it is installed on the center of the low potential plate 92 in the capacitor type electric field calibration box 1 with a flange, and the sensor surface is connected to the low potential electrode plate. on the same plane.

3. Since the output value of the electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated is directly related to the number of revolutions of the instrument, for the ball-borne double-ball electric field measuring instrument and the micro-rocket electric field measuring instrument whose output contains rotational speed information, use the rotational speed monitor to monitor its rotational speed. Detection, using a waveform detector to monitor the waveform output by the waveform in real time, and monitor the working status of the instrument.

Connect the connection between the electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated and the speed monitor and waveform monitor, check and record whether the electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated is working normally; and record the relevant data of the environmental conditions (such as: temperature, Humidity, power supply voltage, speed and other data).

4. Turn on the controllable high-voltage power supply 2, gradually adjust the output voltage V of the controllable high-voltage power supply 2 from low to high, that is, adjust the electric field in the capacitor type electric field calibration box 1 [E=V/L is equal to the voltage V applied between the two plates Divide by the distance L] between the two pole plates, read the corresponding output value of the calibrated electric field measuring instrument for each voltage value output by the controllable high voltage power supply, and then gradually lower the controllable high voltage power supply 2 from high to low For each voltage value output by the controllable high-voltage power supply, read the corresponding output value of the calibrated electric field measuring instrument, and repeat this many times. For the same voltage value output by the controllable high-voltage power supply The output values are averaged to obtain the average value.

5. Take the electric field (kV/m) as the abscissa, and take the output average value of the calibrated electric field measuring instrument as the ordinate to draw a curve, which is the calibration curve of the electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated under a certain environmental condition.

The utility model has intuitive design principles, simple equipment structure, low cost, safe and convenient use, wide calibration range and good linearity, and is used for calibration of various electric field measuring instruments.

Brief description of the drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural schematic block diagram of the utility model;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of capacitor type electric field calibration box;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of polar plate;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation of pole plate support 10 and instrument window support 11;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the schematic diagram of the influence of the edge effect of the capacitor type electric field calibration box;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the calibration curve of an embodiment;

Accompanying drawing 7 is the calibration curve of another embodiment;

Accompanying drawing 8 is the calibration curve of another embodiment;

Among them: Capacitor-type electric field calibration box 1 Controlled ultra-high voltage power supply 2

High voltage detector 3 Data acquisition and display equipment 4

Electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated 5 Speed monitor 51

Waveform monitor 52 Capacitor type electric field calibration box 9

High-voltage plate 91 Low-voltage plate 92

Plate support 10 Instrument window support 11

Equipotential line 12 Equal voltage divider resistor 13

Circular metal pipe 14 Suspension bracket 15

Flange 16 Instrument window 17

Detailed ways

Example 1

Use the calibration device of the utility model to calibrate the ball-borne double-ball electric field measuring instrument:

The controllable ultra-high-voltage power supply 2 in this embodiment 1 adopts a BGG pulse width modulation type DC power supply, the output voltage is 100v-120kv, and the high-voltage stability is 0.5%. The high voltage of the controllable high-voltage power supply 2 is added to the On the upper plate (high potential plate 91) of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 1, the design size of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 1 of the present embodiment is 1000×1000×1000 (mm), and the calibration range is 0～100kV/m, The high-voltage detection equipment 3 is composed of imported 80K-40 high-voltage probes and 4.5-digit digital voltmeters. The high-voltage measurement error is 0.3%, which can meet the current use requirements; It is made of polypropylene or wood with better insulation and less residual polarization charge, and the surface is processed into a convex and concave shape;

The ball-mounted double-ball electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated is hoisted at the center of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 1 through the two hoisting brackets 15 on the upper plate of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 1, and the counter electromotive force generated by the inner wire package of the DC motor is used The correlation between the number of wraps and the number of revolutions of the motor is used as the speed monitor 52 to detect the speed, and the waveform monitor 51 uses an oscilloscope to obtain the calibration curve of the ball-mounted double-ball electric field measuring instrument to be calibrated, as shown in Figure 6. In Fig. 6, the abscissa is the electric field value of the calibration device of this embodiment, and its unit is kV/m; the ordinate is the electric field output value of the instrument to be calibrated, and its unit is kHz, and its calibration environment at that time: the room temperature is 23°C , relative humidity is 56%.

Example 2

Use the calibration device of the utility model to calibrate the ground rotary electric field measuring instrument:

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the design size of the capacitor-type electric field calibration box 1 of this embodiment can be 1000×1000×100 (mm), and the ground rotary electric field measuring instrument is installed in the capacitor-type electric field calibration box 1. plate 92, and make its sensor face and low potential plate 92 in the same plane. Since the rotating speed of the rotating electric field measuring instrument is constant, there is no need to use a rotating speed monitor to detect the rotating speed of the ground rotating electric field measuring instrument; the calibration curve of the ground rotating electric field measuring instrument is obtained, as shown in Figure 7. In Fig. 7, the abscissa is the electric field value of the calibration device of the present embodiment, and its unit is kV/m; the ordinate is the electric field output value of the calibrated instrument, and its unit is kV/m, and its calibration environment: room temperature during calibration The temperature is 26°C and the relative humidity is 70%.

Example 3

Use the calibration device of the present utility model to calibrate the micro-rocket electric field measuring instrument:

The difference with embodiment 1 is: the design size of the capacitor type electric field calibration box 1 of this embodiment is 1000 * 1000 * 500 (mm), but the micro-rocket electric field measuring instrument is installed in the capacitor type electric field calibration box 1. At the center of the board 92, the micro-rocket electric field measuring instrument modulates the induced electric field signal onto a 1680MHz carrier wave and sends it out after simple processing. After being received and demodulated by the receiving part of the data acquisition and display device, after signal and data processing, Obtain the calibration curve of the micro-rocket electric field measuring instrument, as shown in Figure 8. Among Fig. 8, the abscissa is the electric field value of the calibration device of the present embodiment, and its unit is V; The ordinate is the electric field output value of the calibrated instrument, and its unit is kHz, and its curve is 1# theoretical calculation curve, 2# and 3# are the calibration curves of the calibrated micro-rocket electric field measuring instruments labeled 2# and 3# respectively.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of caliberating device of electric field measurement instrument is characterized in that, comprising:

One capacitor-type electric field is demarcated case (9), this capacitor-type electric field is demarcated horizontal many equipotential lines (12) that are provided with of case (9) all around, the capacitor-type electric field is demarcated to be connected with between noble potential pole plate (91), equipotential line (12) and the electronegative potential pole plate (92) of case (9) and is waited sub-resistance (13), and capacitor-type electric field demarcation case (9) is respectively equipped with instrument window (17) on the relative two sides;

One controllable high-voltage power supply (2), its noble potential pole plate (91) of demarcating case (9) by high pressure input pipe (14) and described capacitor-type electric field is connected;

One High-pressure measurement Instrument device (3), it is connected with the noble potential pole plate (91) that described capacitor-type electric field is demarcated case (9); And

One data acquisition and display device (4) are connected with the output terminal of electric field measurement instrument to be calibrated (5).

2, press the caliberating device of the described electric field measurement instrument of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described capacitor-type electric field demarcate case (9) serve as reasons the parallel placement of 0.1-1 rice at interval high and low potential plate (91,92) and be supported between the high and low potential plate four jiaos 4 thoroughly do away with the casing that pole plate pillar (10) that the edge materials make constitutes.

3, press the caliberating device of the described electric field measurement instrument of claim 1, it is characterized in that described instrument window (17) is formed by being positioned at instrument window pillar (11) and two equipotential lines (13) made by insulating material between the high and low potential plate (91,92).

By the caliberating device of the described electric field measurement instrument of claim 1, it is characterized in that 3, noble potential pole plate (91) two side ends that described capacitor-type electric field is demarcated case (9) is respectively equipped with instrument hoisting bracket (15).

By the caliberating device of the described electric field measurement instrument of claim 1, it is characterized in that 4, electronegative potential pole plate (92) center that described capacitor-type electric field is demarcated case (9) is provided with ring flange (16).

By the caliberating device of the described electric field measurement instrument of claim 1, it is characterized in that 6, the edge that described capacitor-type electric field is demarcated the high and low potential plate (91,92) of case (9) is an arc surface shape.

By the caliberating device of the described electric field measurement instrument of claim 2, it is characterized in that 7, described pole plate pillar (10) is by having good rigidity and insulativity, and few poly-Sulfone or the timber of the remaining electric charge that polarizes is made; The alternate shape of convex-concave is held on its surface.

By the caliberating device of the described electric field measurement instrument of claim 3, it is characterized in that 8, described instrument window pillar (11) is by having good rigidity and insulativity, and few poly-Sulfone or the timber of the remaining electric charge that polarizes is made; The alternate shape of convex-concave is held on its surface.

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