CN102520259B - Multi-sample surface charge measuring device - Google Patents
Multi-sample surface charge measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102520259B CN102520259B CN201110407216.6A CN201110407216A CN102520259B CN 102520259 B CN102520259 B CN 102520259B CN 201110407216 A CN201110407216 A CN 201110407216A CN 102520259 B CN102520259 B CN 102520259B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical parameter measurement and relates to a multi-sample surface charge measuring device, comprising an insulating bracket, an insulating board, an electrostatic potentiometer and an electrostatic probe connected with the electrostatic potentiometer. The multi-sample surface charge measuring device is characterized in that the measuring device also comprises an electrostatic probe insulating support frame, a rim band, a stepping motor and a wheel shaft which is driven by the stepping motor and drives the rim band to rotate, wherein the electrostatic probe is fixed on the electrostatic probe insulating support frame and used for measuring the surface charge of a sample to be measured on the insulating board, a chute and a seamed edge which are matched with each other are respectively arranged on the contact part of the electrostatic probe insulating support frame and the insulating bracket, and the electrostatic probe insulating support frame is connected with the rim band by a rim band connecting head, and can slide along the insulating bracket along with the rotation of the rim band. The multi-sample surface charge measuring device can rapidly measure the multi-sample surface charge under the same temperature and humidity condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of many sample surface charge measuring devices, belong to electrical parameter field of measuring technique.
Background technology
Along with the raising of high voltage power transmission electric pressure, the field intensity that requires insulating material to bear is more and more higher.Research shows that insulating medium inside and surface there will be space charge and surface charge under the effect of applied voltage.Particularly, for direct-current ultra high voltage transmission system, high electric field intensity can make electric charge gather and become even more serious.The existence of solid insulating material Space-charge distorts original Laplace electric field, causes internal field to strengthen, thereby causes insulation ag(e)ing, even may cause solid insulating material to puncture.Having of surface Charge may make insulator edge flashing lower voltage, whole creeping discharge process is accelerated, this can be to insulator arrangement, and especially the insulating property of gas-insulated switchgear device (Gas Insulated Switchgear, GIS) constitute a threat to.Therefore, the electric charge accumulation problems relevant with insulating material studied to very important theory and practice meaning.Surface charge measurement technology is the basis of surface charge research, for various electrical characteristics, mechanism and the study on the modification of dielectric substance, all has great significance.
Surface charge measurement method is the basis of surface charge measurement.The measurement of surface charge is easily subject to the impact of the extraneous factors such as humidity, temperature, and is subject to the restriction of sensor construction, and different measuring method often diversity ratio is larger.Current surface charge measurement method comprises: dust figure method, static probe method and the measuring method based on pockels effect.
1. dust figure method
Dust figure method is proposed in 1778 by Lichtenberg, and its principle is to utilize the adsorption effect effects on surface of some charged solid powder under static charge effect to observe.During measurement, dust is evenly sprayed to the dielectric surface that has gathered electric charge, by observing the gathereding degree of surface dust and polarity and the distribution situation that color judges this surface charge.The method is supplemented usually used as other measuring methods.Its advantage is convenient, directly perceived, and shortcoming is can not Measurement accuracy surface charge value, and in the process of spraying, may change the CHARGE DISTRIBUTION of dielectric surface, thereby changes the surface charge situation of dielectric surface itself.
2. based on Pockels effect
The people such as Kawasaki have proposed the surface charge measurement method based on Pockels effect in 1991, the method is that transparent insulation film is attached to the plane of crystal with Pockels effect, the another side of crystal is by transparency electrode ground connection, and the electric field producing between film surface electric charge and earthing pole is directly proportional to surface charge density.According to Pockels effect, when a branch of polarized light is when having the crystal of Pockels effect, produce birefringent polarisation phase differential, this phase differential is directly proportional to electric field intensity.Therefore, utilize optical element phase place to be changed to the variation that is converted to light intensity, and light intensity distributions is inputted to computing machine and process, can obtain the distribution of film surface electric charge.The people such as Kumada have developed surface charge based on Pockels effect probe, and this probe is comprised of non-metal component, discharge avoiding, and have higher measuring accuracy and spatial resolution in measuring process with dielectric surface.
3. static probe method
Static probe method is in surface charge measurement field, to use method comparatively widely in the world at present.Static probe is mainly comprised of induced inside conductor and external ground shielding protection layer.During measurement, by probe near testing medium surface and keep at a distance constant.The electric charge of dielectric surface can excite induced voltage on sensor conductor, can obtain the relevant information of surface charge by measuring this magnitude of voltage.
Static probe ratio juris is proposed in 1967 by Davies the earliest, thinks that classical probe output voltage U and surface charge density ρ have following linear relationship: U=M ρ, wherein M becomes scaling ratio.1984, Pedersen shifted proof onto by theory: between dielectric surface electric density and probe induced voltage, have complicated nonlinear relationship, introduced thus the discussion to scaling ratio computing method.The people such as Ootera adopt three potential electrical fields based on surface method to calculate the surface charge distribution of 500KV high voltage direct current GIS supporting insulator are measured, the method need to be popped one's head in and supporting insulator surf zone is divided, calculated amount is large, makes surface charge measurement time lengthening.Meanwhile, the area of testing medium thickness, charging zone, probe dielectric surface all may cause and have a strong impact on measurement result apart from factors such as distances.After this, by Pedersen, in 1987, proposed and in the λ-function method of realization in 1996, preferably resolve scaling ratio problem by people such as Rerup.The method essence is the Poisson constant value computational problem with boundary condition, but the explanation of its boundary condition mistake the field source in measurement space, so still there is certain problem in λ-function method in the use.2000, the people such as Takuma investigated direct electric field computing method and λ-function method measuring accuracy, proposed the method for getting the two result of calculation mean value.2003, the people such as Allen delivered the surface charge density computing method based on minute function.Wherein, dividing the physical significance of function is dielectric surface unit charge inductive voltage value on static probe.By charge simulation method, calculate minute function of probe, can calculate corresponding surface charge density.Allen and Faircloth adopt ptfe surface CHARGE DISTRIBUTION situation under minute functional based method impact voltage to measure, and obtain better effects, and 2004, the people such as Kumada adopted Fourier transform and Wiener filtering technology further to solve scaling ratio problem.The method is converted into the electric field equation matrix in space in frequency domain by Fourier transform, original matrix inversion operation is changed into division arithmetic and the inverse Fourier transform in frequency domain, thereby avoided numerous and diverse matrix operation, has improved computing velocity.Point and the distribution of the people such as Kumada based on needle plate electrode structure medium surface under this method impact voltage measured, and obtained good charge resolution.
Although Electric Field Numerical Calculation can solve On Scaling to a certain extent, for new electrode insulation subsystem to be measured, must repartition zoning, reduced the universality of above-mentioned algorithm.In addition, sonde configuration has considerable influence to accurate electric Field Calculation result, has limited the application of said method in charge measurement.People's researchs such as Yashima are pointed out, for the laminar insulating medium having an even surface, if its thickness less (being less than 5mm) adopts linear scale method and adopts the electric charge segment information of electric Field Calculation calibration acquisition to have good consistance.Therefore,, when the regularity of distribution and the influence factor of investigation table surface charge, when the experimental result under different condition is carried out to lateral comparison, adopt linear scale method more applicable.Many documents have been investigated in vacuum in surface of polymer material CHARGE DISTRIBUTION and sulfur hexafluoride gas the characteristic of accumulation of dielectric surface electric charge under surge voltage based on linear scale method respectively, have verified the validity of linear scale method.
In sum, the measuring method of at present common surface charge mainly contains dust figure method, static probe method and the many measuring methods such as measuring method based on pockels effect.Above measurement means all cannot be observed simultaneously and study multi-piece insulator surface charge comparatively easily, is therefore difficult to the generation of multi-piece insulator surface charge and behavioral trait be made an explanation under the conditions such as same temperature humidity simultaneously.Though static probe method has significant advantage, the price of the high probe of precision is higher, by the method that a probe is measured polylith sample simultaneously, is therefore a kind of practical method.The present invention is based on static probe method, with rondelle sample for example has designed a set of system that can simultaneously observe multi-piece insulator surface charge, for the Measurement accuracy of polylith dielectric surface electric charge provides a kind of new measurement means.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the measuring method of existing surface charge, for polylith sample, must measure one by one, the cycle of expending time in is longer, humiture during this time easily changes, thereby for measurement result, cannot carry out the accurately defect of comparison, the invention provides and a kind ofly can realize the device that carries out many specimen surfaces electric charge Quick Measurement under identical temperature and humidity conditions.Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of many sample surface charge measuring devices, comprise insulating support (9), be placed on the insulcrete (2) on insulating support (9), insulcrete (2) is for placing a plurality of samples, electrometer (10) and coupled static probe (5), it is characterized in that, described device also comprises static probe insulation bracing frame (4), wheel band (3), stepper motor and and driven by stepper motor and wheel shaft (7) that driven wheel band (3) rotates, static probe (5) is fixed on static probe insulation bracing frame (4), for measuring the surface charge that is placed on the sample to be tested on insulcrete (2), the position contacting between static probe insulation bracing frame (4) and insulating support (9) offers respectively chute and the seamed edge cooperatively interacting, static probe insulation bracing frame (4) is with connector (8) to be connected with wheel band by wheel, can along insulating support (9), slide along with the rotation of wheel band.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect: 1. adopt many samples automatic measurement system to save time, be convenient to use manpower and material resources sparingly; 2. adopt the one-point measurement of wheel band, precisely error free, improve reliability and the accuracy measured; 3. the number of sample can arbitrarily arrange, and the thickness of sample can regulate arbitrarily, convenient and swift; 4. experimental provision Simple durable, measurement result is more reliable, succinct.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sample placement location of the present invention and device vertical view.Symbol in Fig. 1 represents: tested insulation sample 1; Insulcrete 2; Wheel is with 3; Static probe insulation bracing frame 4; Static probe 5.
Fig. 2 is device construction profile of the present invention.Symbol in Fig. 2 represents: tested insulation sample 1; Insulcrete 2; Wheel is with 3; Static probe insulation bracing frame 4; Static probe 5; Probe measurement gauge point 6; Wheel shaft 7; Static probe insulation bracing frame and wheel band connector 8; Insulating support 9; Electrometer 10; PC 11.
Fig. 3 measures the surface charge density experimental data that 4 kinds of dissimilar epoxide resin materials obtain.
Fig. 4 measures the surface charge density experimental data that 8 kinds of dissimilar polythene materials obtain.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to realize the function of many samples all automatic measurement surface charge, realizes the measurement of while short time of effects on surface electric charge, and can realize the consistent effect of temperature and humidity conditions.Object of the present invention can reach by following measures: many sample surface charge measuring devices of the present invention, it consists predominantly of: electrometer 10, static probe 5, static probe support frame 4, wheel are with 3, insulating support 9 and PC 11 etc.The present invention is popped one's head in and is gathered correspondence markings point surface charge value by static, and by the signal input electrometer collecting, then convert digital signal to, then read and record data through PC, thereby realize the object to many specimen surfaces electric charge all automatic measurement.
Surface charge measuring device of the present invention, the both sides of insulating support 9 offer chute (not shown in FIG.), the position that static probe insulation bracing frame 4 contacts with insulating support 9 is provided with the seamed edge (not shown in FIG.) cooperatively interacting with chute, and static probe insulation bracing frame 4 can slide along chute on insulating support 9.Static probe insulation bracing frame 4 with the connected mode of taking turns with connector 8 is: static probe insulation bracing frame 4 is directly closely connected with the upper strata wheel band of wheel band, coordinates and is slidably matched (not directly being connected) with lower floor's wheel band of taking turns band.Static probe 5 is fixed in the hole in the middle of the upper surface of static probe insulation bracing frame 4, static probe insulation bracing frame 4 corresponding translation along with the rotation of wheel band.The supporting bracket that insulating support 9 is whole device.
The static probe 5 of the present embodiment adopts TREK-6000B-5C, and during measurement, the distance of probe distance specimen surface is 3mm; TREK-347-3HCE, the measuring accuracy of can provide ± 3V and 3mm spatial resolution are provided described electrometer 10; Stepper motor, wheel with 3 with wheel shaft 7 high precision stepper motor, synchronizing wheel band and the synchronous pulley for cooperatively interacting, this stepper motor model is 57mm series two-phase hybrid stepping motor (torque is 0.6N/m), (transmission efficiency is high for polyurethane synchronizing wheel band for wheel band, be suitable for high load capacity, under high-frequency, use), wheel shaft is that the synchronous wheel shaft corresponding with synchronizing wheel band is (by steel, aluminium alloy, cast iron, brass, plastic or other material manufacture).Wherein the step distance of stepper motor can be carried out corresponding setting according to the variation of sample measurement gauge point position.
Concrete measuring process is as follows:
1. the central point alignment mark point 6 of sample 1 is placed on insulcrete 2 according to this;
2. wheel shaft 7 is by Electric Machine Control, and the unlatching of motor is by Control, in advance according to two sample spacings with stop the unlatching control time that gauge point 6 arranges relay, and setting measurement cycle length;
3. connect the devices such as PC 11 and static probe pot 10 and probe 7, and prepare by the automatic record data of PC 11;
4. starter motor drives wheel shaft 7 to rotate driven wheel bands 3, and by the data of the surface charge of PC 11 journal samples;
5. when wheel shaft 7 driven wheel bands 3 are during to top/end sample, rapid anti-phase rotation measurement;
6. repeat above step to the surface charge of sample and be zero or certain setting value;
7. according to the setting of Measuring Time, regularly close measurement mechanism.
The automatic measurement system that insulating material surface charge provided by the invention distributes, the surface charge of measurement polylith insulating material that can be in good time effectively fast.
Embodiment 1: adopt above-mentioned experimental procedure, measure surface charge density experimental data that 4 kinds of dissimilar epoxide resin materials obtain as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, the residence time of probe on every sample is 0.2s, the required time 0.8s that once circulates, and total testing time is 60min.Experiment is carried out under the condition of room temperature, relative humidity 40%.First material surface is charged.After charging finishes, close high-voltage power supply, remove pin electrode, will be connected in the Kelvin type oscillatory type probe placement of electrometer (Trek-347-3HCE) in 3mm place, sample top, measure its surface potential.
Surface charge density can be according to calculating as shown in the formula (1),
Wherein, σ is surface charge density,
for surface potential, d is sample thickness, ε
0, ε
rbe respectively the relative dielectric constant of permittivity of vacuum and sample.
Embodiment 2: adopt above-mentioned experimental procedure, measure surface charge density experimental data that 8 kinds of dissimilar polythene materials obtain as shown in Figure 4.Wherein, the residence time of probe on every sample is 0.5s, the required time 4s that once circulates, and total testing time is 60min.Experiment is carried out under the condition of room temperature, relative humidity 50%.First material surface is charged.After charging finishes, close high-voltage power supply, remove pin electrode, will be connected in the Kelvin type oscillatory type probe placement of electrometer (Trek-347-3HCE) in 3mm place, sample top, measure its surface potential.Utilize formula (1) can obtain Fig. 4.
Claims (1)
1. sample surface charge measuring device more than a kind, comprise insulating support (9), be placed on the insulcrete (2) on insulating support (9), insulcrete (2) is for placing a plurality of samples, electrometer (10) and coupled static probe (5), it is characterized in that, described device also comprises static probe insulation bracing frame (4), wheel band (3), stepper motor and the wheel shaft (7) that rotated by stepper motor driving driven wheel band (3), static probe (5) is fixed on static probe insulation bracing frame (4), for measuring the surface charge that is placed on the sample to be tested on insulcrete (2), the position contacting between static probe insulation bracing frame (4) and insulating support (9) offers respectively chute and the seamed edge cooperatively interacting, static probe insulation bracing frame (4) is with connector (8) to be connected with wheel band by wheel, can along insulating support (9), slide along with the rotation of wheel band, wheel band is polyurethane synchronizing wheel band, the residence time of probe on every sample is 0.2s to 0.5s.
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103149462A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-06-12 | 天津学子电力设备科技有限公司 | Improvement on polyimide film surface charge measuring method |
| CN104133134A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-11-05 | 奉化市宇创产品设计有限公司 | Corona charge measuring device |
| CN104155547A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-19 | 奉化市宇创产品设计有限公司 | Charge attenuation measuring device |
| CN106199246B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2019-03-12 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of rapid detection method of composite insulator degree of aging |
| CN106226609A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2016-12-14 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Insulating material surface charge measuring device |
| CN106680679A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-17 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Cable insulating material surface charge measuring device and method |
| CN108490276A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-09-04 | 天津大学 | A kind of polypropylene film temperature field lower surface charge detecting device and measurement method |
| CN110346658A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-18 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of measuring device of material surface charge |
| CN111766457B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-08-13 | 湖南大学 | GIL insulator surface charge on-line monitoring system based on electrostatic probe |
| CN112415291A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-26 | 西安理工大学 | Controllable perspective surface charge test system of humiture |
| CN113484623B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-12-01 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Tubular insulator space charge measuring device |
| CN114089050B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-09-09 | 清华大学 | Online measurement method and device for surface charge distortion electric field of GIS insulator |
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| CN101639502B (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-07-27 | 西安交通大学 | System for automatically measuring charge distribution on surface of solid medium |
| CN101788613B (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-08-17 | 清华大学 | Four-dimensional self-adaptive insulation piece surface charge measuring device |
| CN101865861A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-10-20 | 益伸电子(东莞)有限公司 | Automatic detection system for hardware appearance |
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Application publication date: 20120627 Assignee: YANGZHOU SHUGUANG CABLE Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Tianjin University Contract record no.: X2022980007410 Denomination of invention: A multi sample surface charge measuring device Granted publication date: 20140409 License type: Common License Record date: 20220609 |
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