CN2579092Y - 使用路径损失辅助闭环功率控制的时分同步码分多路存取用户设备 - Google Patents

使用路径损失辅助闭环功率控制的时分同步码分多路存取用户设备 Download PDF

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CN2579092Y
CN2579092Y CN02256654U CN02256654U CN2579092Y CN 2579092 Y CN2579092 Y CN 2579092Y CN 02256654 U CN02256654 U CN 02256654U CN 02256654 U CN02256654 U CN 02256654U CN 2579092 Y CN2579092 Y CN 2579092Y
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path loss
reference signal
power
power level
power control
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辛承赫
F·厄兹吕蒂尔克
A·泽拉
丘昌树
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/22—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands
    • H04W52/228—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands using past power values or information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2618—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using hybrid code-time division multiple access [CDMA-TDMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/08—Closed loop power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/22—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands
    • H04W52/226—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands using past references to control power, e.g. look-up-table
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/242—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account path loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/243—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account interferences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/248—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters where transmission power control commands are generated based on a path parameter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/22—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands
    • H04W52/221—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands using past power control commands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/36—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)

Abstract

一种时分同步码分多路存取(TDD/CDMA)用户设备，其具有发送功率命令接收器判断装置、天线、参考信号功率测量装置、路径损失确定装置、发送功率控制确定装置、调制及扩展装置以及放大器。参考信号功率测量装置测量参考信号的接收到的功率水平。路径损失确定装置将所测得的参考信号的接收功率水平与参考信号的发送功率水平相比，从而产生该参考信号的路径损失估算。发送功率控制确定装置利用该路径损失估算来确定发送功率水平的变化幅度，并根据发送功率命令而以所确定的变化幅度的数值来确定在发送功率水平上的调整。

Description

使用路径损失辅助闭环功率控制的时分同步码分多路存取用户设备
技术领域
概括而言，本实用新型涉及扩频通信系统。更具体地说，本实用新型涉及在这种系统中控制传输功率水平。
背景技术
在许多扩频通信系统中，在共享的频谱上发送多路用户通信。在码分多路存取(code division multiple access，CDMA)通信系统中，所发送的多路通信使用不同代码以彼此区分。在时分双工/码分多路存取(TDD/CDMA)和时分同步CDMA(TD-SCDMA)系统中，也将频谱按时间分割，以更好地利用频谱。
因为在同一频谱上发送多路通信，故这些通信可能彼此干扰。为减少通信彼此间引发的干扰，采用了自适应功率控制。自适应功率控制的目的在于使每一通信发送于取得规定接收质量的最低功率水平，这种规定的接收质量例如为目标信噪比(SIR)。
一种实现自适应功率控制的机制是闭环功率控制。在闭环功率控制中，发送器在特定功率水平上发送通信。目标接收器接收该通信并测量所接收信号的信噪比。将所测得的信噪比与目标信噪比进行比较。如所测信噪比大于目标信噪比，功率控制命令即指示发送器减少其发送的传输功率。如所测信噪比小于或等于目标信噪比，功率控制命令即指示发送器增大其发送的传输功率。典型的功率控制命令是单独一位，其表明功率水平的增加或减少。在TDD/CDMA和TD-SCDMA中，通常以每秒100至200条命令的频率来发送这些命令。
发送器接收功率控制命令并根据功率控制命令而以固定量改变其发送功率水平，例如以1dB来增加或减少发送功率水平。在信道处于高度动态的条件下，闭环功率控制就不能补偿得快到足以对信道条件进行补偿。其结果就可能是接收的信号质量下降到低于可接受的水平。
因此，希望有其它方案来进行功率控制。
发明内容
时分同步码分多路存取(TDD/CDMA)用户设备具有发送功率命令接收器判断装置、天线、参考信号功率测量装置、路径损失确定装置、发送功率控制确定装置、调制及扩展装置以及放大器。参考信号功率测量装置测量参考信号的接收到的功率水平。路径损失确定装置将所测得的参考信号的接收功率水平与参考信号的发送功率水平相比，从而产生该参考信号的路径损失估算。发送功率控制确定装置利用该路径损失估算来确定发送功率水平的变化幅度，并根据发送功率命令而以所确定的变化幅度的数值来确定在发送功率水平上的调整。
附图说明
图1是路径损失辅助闭环功率控制的一个实施例的流程图。
图2利用路径损失辅助闭环功率控制的发送及接收站的简化方框图。
具体实施方式
尽管以优选的TDD/CDMA和TD-SCDMA通信系统来说明路径损失辅助闭环功率控制，但路径损失辅助闭环功率控制可应用于其它存在上行线与下行线之间信道互反性(channel reciprocity)的通信系统。
利用图1所示流程图和图2所示两个简化的通信站的组件来说明路径损失辅助闭环功率控制的一个优化实施例。在以下讨论中，将具有其受控的传输功率水平的通信站称为发送站20，而将接收功率受控的通信的通信站称为接收站22。由于路径损失辅助闭环功率控制可用于上行线、下行线或上述两种类型的通信，发送站20可以是基站(basestation)、用户设备或者既是基站也是用户设备。
在发送站20，要发送给接收站的数据由调制及扩展装置24进行调制和扩展，从而产生扩频无线电频率(RF)信号。利用放大器26来控制RF信号的功率水平。该RF信号由天线36或天线阵列通过无线电接口38而传送到接收站22。
RF信号为接收站22的天线40或天线阵列所接收。所接收信号的脉冲响应由信道估算装置44加以估算。在TDD/CDMA或TD-SCDMA通信系统中，采用在通信脉冲串的中缓行(midamble)部分中已知的训练序列(training sequence)来完成信道估算。数据检测装置42利用脉冲响应而从接收的RF信号恢复发送的数据。利用来自数据检测装置42和信道估算装置44二者的信息，通过质量测量装置50来测量所接收RF信号的质量，如信噪比(步骤60)。发送功率命令(TPC)产生装置46将所测得的质量与目标质量进行比较。如果所测得质量高于目标质量，即产生减少命令。如果所测得质量小于或等于目标质量，即产生增大命令。尽管还可使用其它命令，但优选命令为单独一位，以a+1指示功率水平增加而以a-1来指示功率水平减少。TPC发送至发送站20(步骤62)。
参考数据经过调制及扩频装置48的调制和扩频而产生参考RF信号。该参考RF信号由天线40或天线阵列经过无线电接口38而传送到发送站20。对用于第三代合作项目(partnership project)的TDD/CDMA系统或TD-SCDMA系统的上行线功率控制而言，优选的参考信道是基本通用控制物理信道(primary common control physical channel，P-CCPCH)。
发送站20利用其天线36或天线阵列来接收参考信号。参考信号功率测量装置34测量所接收的参考信号的功率水平(步骤66)。路径损失确定装置32利用所测得的参考信号功率来确定该参考信号的路径损失(步骤68)。而在此之前，可通过发送站20或通过发信号给发送站20——如利用广播通道(BCH)——来得知参考信号的发送功率水平。通过从发送功率水平减去接收到的功率水平来确定路径损失。
由TCP接收器及判断装置30来接收TCP，且确定TCP的值。发送功率控制确定装置28利用所确定的TCP的值而增加或减少发送功率水平(步骤70)。增加或减少的数值根据所估算的路径损失随时间的变化而定(步骤72)。调整放大器26的增益，从而使发送的RF信号处于调整后的功率水平。如路径损失的变化大，表明信道条件变化大，即发送功率水平的变化大。反之，如路径损失的变化小，表明信道条件变化小或无变化，即发送功率水平的变化小。使用发送功率中的大幅变化就能够对于迅速变化的信道条件(例如快速衰落信道)进行快速补偿。小幅变化则用于缓慢变化的信道条件。
一种用以确定发送功率水平，即对应于第k个功率命令的P(k)，的方法见公式1：
P(k)＝P(k-1)+TCP位*步长(ΔL)            公式1其中P(k-1)是对应于第k-1个功率命令的确定的功率水平。TCP位是TCP的数值，最好为+1或-1。ΔL是从第k个功率命令到第k-1个功率命令的路径损失估算的变化，而步长(ΔL)则是作为ΔL的函数而确定的步长值。
一种用以确定ΔL的公式是公式2：
ΔL＝|L(k)-L(k-1)|                      公式2其中L(k)是在第k个功率命令之前的最近路径损失估算，L(k-1)是在第k-1个功率命令之前的最近路径损失估算。
此外，为补偿由路径损失估算时间与受控功率发送时间之间的时间差所导致的路径损失估算中的不精确性，路径估算，即L(k)和L(k-1)，可以是加权的路径估算。根据下一次发送的时间与路径损失估算时间之间的时间延迟，对于估算得到的路径损失和长期路径损失估算(L0)进行加权。公式3是用于进行这种加权的公式：
L(k)＝αL+(1-α)L0                       公式3其中L是最近的路径损失估算而α是加权因子。对基于时隙的通信系统(如TDD/CDMA和TD-SCDMA)而言，根据在估算路径损失的时隙与接收到第k个功率命令后下一次发送的时隙之间的时隙数目——即ΔTS——而得到α，例如通过公式4：
Figure Y0225665400061
其中TSMAX为ΔTS的最大值，ΔTS等于在连续的两次路径损失估算之间的时隙数目。对此加以说明：如TSMAX为7个时隙而在下一次发送之前的最近路径估算为6个时隙，则公式4中的α即是1/7。对于非时隙基的系统来说，通过路径估算的测量与后续发送之间的时间间隔来确定α。
利用路径损失中的变化ΔL来确定用于功率水平变化的步长。一种确定步长的方法使用阈值测试。如果路径损失的绝对值处于特定的阈值之间，则选择规定的步长。对此用三个步长，即步长1、步长2和步长3来加以说明，如果ΔL小于第一阈值T1即使用步长1，如ΔL等于T1或在T1与第二阈值T2之间使用步长2。若ΔL大于或等于T2则使用步长3。还可选用对应于具有各种步长的ΔL的检索表。

Claims (1)

1.一种时分同步码分多路存取用户设备，包括：
发送功率命令接收器及判断装置，用于接收发送功率命令并确定接收到的发送功率命令的值，该发送功率命令指示在发送功率中的增加或减少；
天线，用于接收参考信号和传送通信，该参考信号以TDD/CDMA格式发送；
参考信号功率测量装置，用于测量所述参考信号的接收功率水平；
路径损失确定装置，用于将所测量得到的参考信号的接收功率水平与该参考信号的发送功率水平相比，从而产生所述参考信号的路径损失估算；
发送功率控制确定装置，其利用所述路径损失估算来确定发送功率水平的变化幅度，并根据所述发送功率命令而以所确定的变化幅度的数值来确定在发送功率水平上的调整；
调制及扩频装置，用于产生TDD/CDMA格式的所述通信；以及
放大器，其根据所述在发送功率水平上的调整而调整所述通信的发送功率水平。
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