CN2563442Y

CN2563442Y - Waste material incinerator

Info

Publication number: CN2563442Y
Application number: CN 02241446
Authority: CN
Inventors: 洪文虎; 李俊贤
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-07-23
Filing date: 2002-07-23
Publication date: 2003-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2012-07-23

Abstract

The utility model provides a waste material incinerator, comprising a main body inside which a melting furnace and a secondary combustion furnace are arranged. The melting furnace has a combustion chamber provided with a heavy oil burner, wherein one end of the combustion chamber is connected with a waste inlet and the other end is provided with an ash and slag outlet. The secondary combustion furnace is provided with a flue which is communicated with and higher than the melting furnace, wherein a burner is arranged in the flue to burn the lighter and unburnt dust again. By the arrangement, the utility model is capable of providing 1800 to 2800 centigrade degrees uht melting to remove all the poisonous materials in the waste by uht melting, and the amount of reduced ash and slag reaches more than two thirds.

Description

Discarded object incinerates melting furnace

[technical field]

The utility model relates to a kind of incinerator, and particularly a kind of discarded object incinerates melting furnace.

[background technology]

Sell on the market at present or the incinerator of construction, the temperature of its burning is all at 800 ℃-1000 ℃, even have the incinerator of special design of constructing, its maximum combustion temperature is also about 1300 ℃, so fail a rubbish, medical treatment or the complete decomposition combustion of indusrial toxic discarded object, and bottom ash, lime-ash surplus after the burning are many, its bottom ash and lime-ash need be buried again with seeking, the problems such as soil, underground water pollution of may deriving are to national life security and environmental quality harm hard iron very.

If when above-mentioned bottom ash and lime-ash are utilized electric arc furnaces high temperature (1800 ℃-2800 ℃) burning again, its bottom ash and lime-ash energy decrement are more than 2/3, pollute and also can eliminate major part, but in fact also can not reach hundred-percent processing, it mainly is because the design of constructing expense of electric arc furnaces and electrification are very expensive, do not apply cost requirement, so generally all there is not this processing of work.

Because present various refuse incinerators are all with 800 ℃ of-1000 ℃ of temperature combustions, causing some pollution from exhaust emission things handles numerous and diverse, often fail to meet national standard, the grey quantity of slag that remains discarded object again is too much, to make bury difficult, the problems such as soil underground water pollution of also may deriving endanger very hard iron of national life security and environmental quality, so urgency is waited to improve.

[utility model content]

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, above-mentioned deficiency at prior art, and provide a kind of discarded object to incinerate melting furnace, the lime-ash after all waste thing incinerates can be minimized, and make the discharging after all waste pollutant combustion decomposition can meet national highest standard fully.

Above-mentioned technical problem of the present utility model is realized by following technical scheme.

A kind of discarded object incinerates melting furnace, comprising: a main furnace body, and be provided with one in this main furnace body and incinerate smelting furnace and after-burning stove, it is characterized in that:

This incinerates smelting furnace, has a combustion chamber that is equipped with the heavy oil combustion machine, the import of one termination waste material, and the other end is established residue outlet and molten slurry outlet; This after-burning stove is provided with flue and communicates with this incineration smelting furnace, and the position is higher than this incineration smelting furnace, is provided with combustor in this after-burning stove to incinerating not burning again than film dirt of cinder; By this, the superhigh temperature fusion that can provide 1800 ℃-2800 ℃ can minimize the lime-ash after all waste thing incinerates to strengthen burning.

Except that above-mentioned essential features, in specific implementation process, also can replenish following technology contents:

This main furnace body outermost layer can be provided with the iron plate ectosome to surround refractory brick, low skewed in high back before main furnace body is, this main furnace body top position is separated out the intercommunication flue of this after-burning stove and this after-burning stove and this incineration smelting furnace with refractory brick, below leading portion waste material inlet port is provided with a combustor, back segment is then established this incineration smelting furnace, this incinerates in the smelting furnace and stove in addition one fusion, stove is fixed in this incineration smelting furnace center by fixing brick in this fusion, should fixedly form gap between brick, the aforesaid heavy oil combustion machine of configuration in this combustion chamber as the combustion chamber.

This main furnace body can be established the staged slide plate of a plurality of connection oil hydraulic cylinders in the waste material inlet port to fusion between stove.

Offer two flues that formed by refractory brick net brick between this after-burning stove and the incineration smelting furnace, this two flue is the top that lays respectively at this incineration smelting furnace leading portion and posterior segment.

The interior stove of fusion set in this incineration smelting furnace is a stove in an elongate in shape or the OBL metallurgical melting pot, and its front end is funnel-form.

This main furnace body rear portion can be established refractory brick net brick and be connected a cinder chamber, epimere is communicated with this after-burning stove in this cinder chamber, this cinder chamber's top tool flue is communicated with second gasification stove and three gasification furnaces, is equipped with combustor and catalyst in second gasification stove and three gasification furnaces.

Furnace bottom can be established residue outlet and molten slurry outlet in the fusion of this main furnace body, should molten slurry outlet be to be positioned at the gap of reserving with refractory brick this fusion stove tail end below to constitute, under should molten slurry outlet and be provided with a molten metal accumulator tank, this residue outlet be to be located in this fusion the stove tail end to constitute with the set gap of refractory brick net brick and be communicated to cinder chamber.

The utility model is to adopt series connection control to be provided with, by tail end VOC air-introduced machine automatic monitoring system begin the starting after, respectively again by the distinctly starting fully one by one of gasification furnace, main stove, feeding conveyor, just can finish and incinerate the running that fusion is carried off, when wherein having a unit to fail to start, alarm promptly can sound automatically, indicator lamp promptly can show provides operator's (adjustable time expand) in a minute to get rid of maintenance, when in the time, not getting rid of maintenance, the safe special measure that total power switch promptly can be closed automatically is a kind of structure of tool security.

Advantage of the present utility model is:

Can provide residue lime-ash after the incineration can be once more in addition superhigh temperature fusion (1800 ℃-2800 ℃), make residue all waste thing utilize the superhigh temperature fusion to remove noxious material, and reach and make the lime-ash decrement reach 2/3 the above object and effect.

For enabling further to understand constitution content of the present utility model and other characteristics, lift the utility model now than specific embodiment, and conjunction with figs. is described in detail as follows:

[description of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a melting furnace cut-away view of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a stove profile in the fusion of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a rubbish melting furnace profile of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is another rubbish melting furnace section of structure of the present utility model.

[specific embodiment]

Shown in Fig. 2,3, a kind of discarded object of the present utility model incinerates melting furnace, mainly comprises: a main furnace body 25 is provided with one and incinerates smelting furnace 31 and after-burning stove 42, wherein in it

This main furnace body 25 can be established refractory brick net brick 71 thereafter to meet a cinder chamber 7, and epimere is communicated with after-burning stove 42 in this cinder chamber 7, and top tool flue is connected with second gasification stove 9 and three gasification furnaces 10, has combustor 30 and catalyst 54 in it.

This incinerates smelting furnace 31, has a combustion chamber 28 that is equipped with heavy oil combustion machine 36, and so that 1800 ℃-2800 ℃ ultrahigh temperature combustion to be provided, one termination waste material inlet port 41, the other end are made as residue outlet 81 and molten slurry outlet 82;

This after-burning stove 42 is provided with flue 50 grades and communicates with incinerating smelting furnace 31, and the position is higher than incinerates smelting furnace 31, is provided with 37 pairs of combustors in it and incinerates not burning again than film dirt of cinder;

By this, can provide high-temperature fusion the discarded object residue to be made effective decrement to strengthen burning.

Wherein, as Fig. 2, shown in 3, these main furnace body 25 outermost layers are provided with iron plate ectosome 52 to surround refractory brick 49 during enforcement, surrounded main furnace body 25 be before the low oblique shape in high back, these main furnace body 25 top positions are separated out this after-burning stove 42 and an intercommunication flue 47 with refractory brick 49 intercommunications, below leading portion waste material inlet port 41 is provided with general combustor 38, back section is then established aforementioned incineration smelting furnace 31, but its interior and interior stove 32 of addition one fusion, it is that fixedly brick 45 by a last bottom right left side is fixed in the center, should be fixedly 45 of bricks and form the gap with as the combustion chamber, interior for disposing aforesaid heavy oil oil-burning machine 36.

Again wherein this main furnace body 25 in waste material inlet port 41 to fusion in 32 in stove can establish a plurality of staged oil hydraulic cylinders 33 and promote slide plates 34 and make in layer down pusher.This after-burning

stove

42 and 31 in smelting furnace of incineration are provided with two

flues

50,51, and all the other are provided with 61,71 formation of refractory brick net brick respectively at the tops of incinerating smelting furnace 31 leading portions and posterior segment.

Now purpose and the effect of the utility model being reached discarded object incineration melting furnace are summarized as follows again: Fig. 1 is a flow chart, be by discarded object special train 1 discarded object to be poured into conveyer 2 to deposit in the groove, by conveyer 2 discarded object being delivered into provides thin portion to pulverize in pulverizer 3 funnels, discarded object after the pulverizing is fallen on the material conveyer 4 by pulverizer 3 below bell mouths, by going into material conveyer 4 discarded object is conveyed in charger 5 funnels again, charger 5 is a spiral charging design, be to rotate the spiral shell slurry heart by motor (HP) discarded object to be sent in the waste material inlet port 41 of main stove 6 front ends and begun to incinerate the fusion operation, flue dust in the incineration and toxic gas are just entered in the cinder chamber 7 after 1800 ℃-2800 ℃ of high temperature are handled decomposition by two places (as shown in Figure 2) respectively again, then decomposing back molten slurry lime-ash is then dropped into molten slurry lime-ash in the grey car 8 by cinder chamber's 7 bottom self-acting valve devices, then enter in addition and carry out once more high thermal decomposition smoke contamination in the second gasification stove 9 by the flue 40 of cinder chamber 7 tops than film dirt, when not being decomposed flue dust if any slipping through the net, introduce three gasification furnace 10 interior perfectly sound measures by flue 40 again and once more it is utilized fully high heat burning, hot gas after completing combustion is decomposed is guided into by flue 11 and makes steams in the exhaust boiler 12 and provide pneumoelectric regeneration or his to use, the remainder of exhaust gas heat of waste gas after exhaust boiler 12 heat absorption is done rapid cooling in again by flue 11 delivery heat exchangers 22, cooling back cryogenic gas is introduced in the dust arrester 21 by flue 11 by air-introduced machine 13 guiding and is carried out dust-separating and gas, the automatic airtight floss hole that dust then is provided with by dust arrester 21 bottoms, automatically enter in the grey car 8, gas is then purified by activated carbon 15 by appropriate location, dust arrester 21 top exhaust pass 11 interior being inducted in the activated carbon outer container 14 by air-introduced machine 13 in addition, it is organic as some to purify the back, inorganic all kinds of noxious materials such as dioxin, being inducted into by air-introduced machine 13 allows catalyst 16 carry out the relevant noxious material of cracking again in the catalyst outer container 17, the temperature of the pre-temperature of catalyst 16 cracking is 250 ℃-500 ℃, its catalyst 16 needed pre-temperature temperature can provide origin of heat by heat exchanger 22, also can establish a combustor in addition provides origin of heat (this method is the general knowledge of commonly using, seldom give unnecessary details), the carbon dioxide (nontoxic) that is produced after the cracking via catalyst 16 imports blast pipe 18 interior bag collectors 20 by final air-introduced machine 13 by flue 11 again with aqueous vapor and makes final separating treatment, bag collector 20 belows also are provided with self-acting valve discharging dust, also can discharge in the ash charge car 8 automatically during if any an amount of dust, gas is then discharged by blast pipe 18 top exhaust outlets, and then the appropriate location is provided with automatic mirror examining system 19 mirror and surveys all and discharge gases and whether meet environmental protection standard above blast pipe 18.

Above-mentioned explanation frequency conversion air-introduced machine 13 of the present utility model is provided with many, one for keeping mass balance, two for wherein one just in case during fault system can continue normal operation, be to establish for perfectly sound measure, the setting of bag collector 20 can need select to be provided with the mode of dry type or wet type according to environment in addition, the main feature of the utility model designs at fusion master stove, gasification furnace, settings such as catalyst (section of holding adjoint again is described in more detail), other are carried as discarded object, feeding, pan feeding machine (being provided with drying facility in addition) etc. is general traditional methods, and part wherein changes setting and repeats no more.

Now more just the profile of Fig. 2 elaborate, the utility model has feature most, be to enter the 31 interior ignition of leading portion incineration smelting furnace by combustor 38 by passing through the waste material inlet port 41 of the dried discarded object of pulverizing by main stove 6, the discarded object of this burning promotes slide plate 34 in layer down by oil hydraulic cylinder 33, staged pushes in the fusion in the stove 32 all imperfect combustion lime-ash again with superhigh temperature (1800 ℃-2800 ℃) fusion, molten metal and the molten slurry of incineration in the molten slurry after the fusion, then be provided with residue outlet 81 and melt slurry outlet 82 and flow out by 32 bottoms of stove in the fusion, molten metal is then flowed in the molten metal accumulator tank 39 by smelting furnace tail end below refractory brick preset clearance, incinerate molten slurry in addition and then flow into cinder chamber's automatic floss hole in 7 belows, be disposed in the grey slag car 48 processing is provided by residue outlet 81.

When burning, incinerating the smelting furnace 31 leading portions incomplete flue dust that burns then is divided into two the tunnel and enters in the cinder chamber 7, one the tunnel then by incinerating appropriate location, smelting furnace 31 afterbody leading portions top, be provided with fire-resistant net brick flue 51, in the middle of the structure of flue 51 is close and numerous cavity, this cavity was for preventing that the large-scale combustion discarded object from entering in the after-burning stove 42, can then be the particulate flue dust by the cavity, then be to utilize second-time burning machine 37 could form the high temperature secondary combustion decomposition in the after-burning stove 42, gas dirt after the decomposition could enter in the cinder chamber 7 by flue 40 by cave in the middle of the refractory brick net brick 61, and the cavity of these refractory brick net brick 61 structures forms littler hole than the hole of the flue 51 of this refractory brick net brick 61 certainly generation is progressively filtered, and 50 of another flues enter in the fusion and carry out gasification, and combustion (1800 ℃-2800 ℃) in the stove 32.

Stove 32 in and for example above-mentioned this fusion, if stove 32 in the fusion then need not be set for general waste incineration, but if as processing medical, trade waste, then can in melting furnace 43, add in addition a hollow elongate in shape or oblong-shaped etc. synthetic resistant to elevated temperatures in stove, as stove in the metallurgical melting pot, during preferable enforcement and can allow stove 32 front ends are funneling and the terminal close-coupled of leading portion in the hollow fusion, can allow and incinerate the lime-ash that smelting furnace 31 bottom slides 34 push and all can enter stove 32 interior fusions in the hollow bar shaped fusion.

In addition, stove 32 is because of being tiltedly to put tail end and be reserved with appropriate gap in this fusion, so can allow when incinerating burning in the fusion in the stove 32 than the heavy metal liquation, molten slurry outlet 82 by melting furnace 43 bottom refractory brick gaps flows in the metal accumulator tank 39, discarded glove flue dust then flows in the cinder chamber 7 through tail end residue outlet 81, residue exports the set refractory brick net brick 71 in appropriate location, 81 top, then provides sieving only allow and can enter in the cinder chamber 7 than particulate gas dirt.

Stove 32 is to place melting furnace 43 centre positions in this fusion, different according to its application target and melting furnace 43 length, long then oil-burning machine should increase many to be used simultaneously, short then minimizing, its multiple spot up and down fixedly the space (gap) of the fixedly brick 45 of usefulness promptly be as combustion chamber function (heavy oil metallurgical furnace preparation method), the appropriate location that makes many oil-burning

machines

36,46,56 can be separately positioned on melting furnace 43 provides burning, allows the high heat of burning can really reach (1800 ℃-2800 ℃).

Please again referring to Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, wherein Fig. 3 is because there are ruins 32 devices in the hollow fusion, and fixedly the size of brick 45 (thickness) is extremely important with the interior stove of fusion 32 outer gaps (being the combustion chamber) with melting furnace 43, its gap is the combustion chamber effect, yet the size of combustion chamber is directly proportional with oil-burning machine size (going out POL measuring) again, the temperature of being burnt is a principle can reach 2800 ℃, and the oil-burning machine setting can be arranged on according to need about up and down the appropriate location all can, oil-burning machine mainly provides oil spout to add air and enters mixed combustion, can be in fusion stove 32 peripheries reach the purpose and the effect of the about 2800 ℃ of rotary combustions of superhigh temperature.

See also shown in Figure 4, the setting of stove 32 in the general no fusion, the Position Design of its oil-burning

machine

39,46 is extremely important, and appropriate being provided with just can reach 2800 ℃ of combustion rates of superhigh temperature, and the emphasis of its setting needs the setting of combuster 28, what also have suitable relation with its fuel consume, as shown in Figure 4, because of the consumption that is provided with 28 fuel oils in combustion chamber low, if there is not the setting of this combustion chamber 28, but with fuel oil directly in melting furnace 43 internal combustion, then fuel consume can be very high.

See also shown in Figure 5,43 designs of the utility model fuel oil melting furnace, ignition temperature can reach 1800 ℃-2800 ℃, it is characterized in that, this is designed to general rubbish and uses, then appropriate location, limit, melting furnace 43 left and right sides respectively is provided with symmetrical many to combustion chamber 28, for making things convenient for the drawing explanation, its combustor 29,46 place 28 tops, combustion chamber, combustor 29 in fact, the 46th, can be installed on combustion chamber 28 around any suitable position, it is mainly purpose and the effect that makes fuel oil reach vaporization combustion, it is mainly provides oil inflame to rotate in combustion chamber 28, just can make combustion chamber 28 produce 1800 ℃-2800 ℃ high temperature by refractory brick vaporization completing combustion, causes the fusion that can reach a high temperature in the melting furnace 43, symmetry is used combustor 29,46, be mainly and make that each high temperature can reach balanced on both side purpose in the melting furnace 43.

Above-mentioned all designs, its flue dust finally all can both airtight introduction be gone into the sedimentation separation effect of carrying out nature in the cinder chamber 7, wherein then be provided with the automatic airtight floss hole by cinder chamber 7 bottoms than heavy substance, enter in the grey slag car 48, then enter and carry out the gasification sterilization first time in the second gasification stove 9 by cinder chamber's 7 top flues 40 through flue dust, then import three gasification furnaces 10 as the flue dust of slipping through the net in addition and carry out the gasification sterilization second time by flue 11, for taking perfectly sound disinfection efficacy into account, the setting of above-mentioned second gasification stove 9 and three gasification furnaces 10 can according to fume amount what and increase.

In sum, the utility model discarded object incinerates melting furnace and can be improved at above-mentioned existing in prior technology shortcoming fully really, utilize heavy oil combustion to design in the metallurgical furnace mode, can make ignition temperature up to 1800 ℃-2800 ℃ Celsius, fully all waste thing is made thorough resolution process, and with noxious materials such as catalyst cracking dioxins, the construction expense that the utility model is all, fuel consumption expenses etc. are all very cheap, and the bottom ash (lava is nontoxic) that the fusion of incinerating stays, as the usefulness of the building materials of paving the way can be provided after simple and easy grinding again, dust organic matter (nontoxic) can provide agricultural thing to use again, can not cause the secondary public hazards again.

Claims

1, a kind of discarded object incinerates melting furnace, comprising: a main furnace body, and be provided with one in this main furnace body and incinerate smelting furnace and after-burning stove, it is characterized in that:

This incinerates smelting furnace, has a combustion chamber that is equipped with the heavy oil combustion machine, the import of one termination waste material, and the other end is established residue outlet and molten slurry outlet; This after-burning stove is provided with flue and communicates with this incineration smelting furnace, and the position is higher than this incineration smelting furnace, is provided with combustor in this after-burning stove.

2, discarded object according to claim 1 incinerates melting furnace, it is characterized in that: this main furnace body outermost layer is provided with the iron plate ectosome to surround refractory brick, low skewed in high back before main furnace body is, this main furnace body top position is separated out the intercommunication flue of this after-burning stove and this after-burning stove and this incineration smelting furnace with refractory brick, below leading portion waste material inlet port is provided with a combustor, back segment is then established this incineration smelting furnace, this incinerates in the smelting furnace and stove in addition one fusion, stove is fixed in this incineration smelting furnace center by fixing brick in this fusion, should fixedly form gap between brick, the aforesaid heavy oil combustion machine of configuration in this combustion chamber as the combustion chamber.

3, discarded object according to claim 2 incinerates melting furnace, it is characterized in that: this main furnace body is established the staged slide plate of a plurality of connection oil hydraulic cylinders in the waste material inlet port to fusion between stove.

4, discarded object according to claim 2 incinerates melting furnace, it is characterized in that: offer two flues that formed by refractory brick net brick between this after-burning stove and the incineration smelting furnace, this two flue is the top that lays respectively at this incineration smelting furnace leading portion and posterior segment.

5, discarded object according to claim 2 incinerates melting furnace, it is characterized in that: the interior stove of fusion set in this incineration smelting furnace is a stove in an elongate in shape or the OBL metallurgical melting pot, and its front end is funnel-form.

6, discarded object according to claim 1 and 2 incinerates melting furnace, it is characterized in that: this main furnace body rear portion is established refractory brick net brick and is connected a cinder chamber, epimere is communicated with this after-burning stove in this cinder chamber, this cinder chamber's top tool flue is communicated with second gasification stove and three gasification furnaces, is equipped with combustor and catalyst in second gasification stove and three gasification furnaces.

7, discarded object according to claim 6 incinerates melting furnace, it is characterized in that: furnace bottom is provided with residue outlet and molten slurry outlet in the fusion of this main furnace body, should molten slurry outlet be to be positioned at the gap of reserving with refractory brick this fusion stove tail end below to constitute, under should molten slurry outlet and be provided with a molten metal accumulator tank, this residue outlet be to be located in this fusion the stove tail end to constitute with the set gap of refractory brick net brick and be communicated to cinder chamber.