CN2543217Y - Enetgy-saving efficient fan capable of transfering air to fuel cell - Google Patents
Enetgy-saving efficient fan capable of transfering air to fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN2543217Y CN2543217Y CN02217164U CN02217164U CN2543217Y CN 2543217 Y CN2543217 Y CN 2543217Y CN 02217164 U CN02217164 U CN 02217164U CN 02217164 U CN02217164 U CN 02217164U CN 2543217 Y CN2543217 Y CN 2543217Y
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- air
- shell
- fuel cell
- impeller
- fan
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a highly effective energy conservation fan capable of conveying air to fuel cells which comprises a fan impeller, a propelling impeller, a separation membrane, a shell and a motor, the shell is separated into a left part and a right part by the separation membrane, the left part of the shell is provided with the propelling impeller, the right part of the shell is provided wit the fan impeller, one side outside the shell near the fan impeller is provided with the motor, the fan impeller, the propelling impeller and the output shaft of the motor are coaxial, the bottom of the right part of the shell is provided with an air inlet, the top of the right part of the shell is provided with an air outlet for entering into the fuel cell, the bottom of the left part of the shell is provided with an inlet for the wet air discharged by the fuel cell, the top of the left part of the shell is provided with an air discharge outlet communicated with the atmosphere. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of high effect, energy conservation, low cost, moistening and so on.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell's auxiliary assembly especially relates to a can be for fuel cell air-carrying's energy-efficient fan.
Background
An electrochemical fuel cell is a device that is capable of converting hydrogen fuel and an oxidant into electrical energy and reaction products. The inner core component of the device is a Membrane Electrode (MEA), which is composed of a proton exchange Membrane and two porous conductive materials sandwiched between two surfaces of the Membrane, such as carbon paper. The membrane contains a uniform and finely dispersed catalyst, such as a platinum metal catalyst, for initiating an electrochemical reaction at the interface between the membrane and the carbon paper. The electrons generated in the electrochemical reaction process can be led out by conductive objects at two sides of the membrane electrode through an external circuit to form a current loop.
At the anode end of the membrane electrode, fuel can permeate through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and undergo electrochemical reaction on the surface of a catalyst to lose electrons to form positive ions, and the positive ions can pass through a proton exchange membrane through migration to reach the cathode end at the other end of the membrane electrode. At the cathode end of the membrane electrode, a gas containing an oxidant (e.g., oxygen), such as air, forms negative ions by permeating through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and electrochemically reacting on the surface of the catalyst to give electrons. The anions formed at the cathode end react with the positive ions transferred from the anode end to form reaction products.
In a pem fuel cell using hydrogen as the fuel and oxygen-containing air as the oxidant (or pure oxygen as the oxidant), the catalytic electrochemical reaction of the fuel hydrogen in the anode region produces hydrogen cations (or protons). The proton exchange membrane assists the migration of positive hydrogen ions from the anode region to the cathode region. In addition, the proton exchange membrane separates the hydrogen-containing fuel gas stream from the oxygen-containing gas stream so that they do not mix with each other to cause explosive reactions.
In the cathode region, oxygen gains electrons on the catalyst surface, forming negative ions, which react with the hydrogen positive ions transported from the anode region to produce water as a reaction product. In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using hydrogen, air (oxygen), the anode reaction and the cathode reaction can be expressed by the following equations:
and (3) anode reaction:
and (3) cathode reaction:
in a typical pem fuel cell, a Membrane Electrode (MEA) is generally placed between two conductive plates, and the surface of each conductive plate in contact with the MEA is die-cast, stamped, or mechanically milled to form at least one or more channels. The conductive film electrode plates can be plates made of metal materials or plates made of graphite materials. The diversion pore canals and the diversion grooves on the membrane electrode guiding plates respectively guide the fuel and the oxidant into the anode area and the cathode area on two sides of the membrane electrode. In the structure of a single proton exchange membrane fuel cell, only one membrane electrode is arranged, and a flow guide polar plate of anode fuel and a flow guide polar plate of cathode oxidant are respectively arranged on two sides of the membrane electrode. The flow guide polar plates are used as current collector plates and mechanical supports at two sides of the membrane electrode, and the flow guide grooves on the flow guide polar plates are also used as channels for fuel and oxidant to enter the surfaces of the anode and the cathode and as channels for taking away water generated in the operation process of the fuel cell.
In order to increase the total power of the whole proton exchange membrane fuel cell, two or more single cells can be connected in series to form a battery pack in a straight-stacked manner or connected in a flat-laid manner to form a battery pack. In the direct-stacking and serial-type battery pack, two surfaces of one polar plate can be provided with flow guide grooves, wherein one surface can be used as an anode flow guide surface of one membrane electrode, and the other surface can be used as a cathode flow guide surface of another adjacent membrane electrode, and the polar plate is called a bipolar plate. A series of cells are connected together in a manner to form a battery pack. The battery pack is generally fastened together into one body by a front end plate, a rear end plate and a tie rod.
A typical battery pack generally includes: (1) the fuel (such as hydrogen, methanol or hydrogen-rich gas obtained by reforming methanol, natural gas and gasoline) and the oxidant (mainly oxygen or air) are uniformly distributed in the diversion trenches of the anode surface and the cathode surface; (2) cooling fluid (such as water) is uniformly distributed into cooling channels in each battery pack through an inlet and an outlet of the cooling fluid and a flow guide channel, and heat generated by electrochemical exothermic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell is absorbed and taken out of the battery pack for heat dissipation; (3) the outlets of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas and the corresponding flow guide channels can carry out liquid and vapor water generated in the fuel cell when the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are discharged. Typically, all fuel, oxidant, and cooling fluid inlets and outlets are provided in one or both end plates of the fuel cell stack.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be used as a power system of all vehicles, ships and other vehicles, and can also be used as a portable, movable and fixed power generation device.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells typically use hydrogen or rich hydrogen or alcohols as the fuel. Air is typically used as an oxidant when used as a vehicle, ship power system, or mobile, stationary power plant.
When the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is used as a vehicle or ship power system or a mobile or fixed power station, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell must comprise a cell stack, a fuel supply part, an air supply part, a cooling and heat dissipation part, an automatic control part and an electric energy output part. Wherein the air supply is essential. The electrochemical reaction in a pem fuel cell accelerates as the pressure of the fuel, oxidant, air increases.
Therefore, the pressure of the air supply is increased, and the performance of the fuel cell for outputting electric energy is improved, but on the other hand, a device for outputting air to the fuel cell, such as an air compressor, also consumes a large part of energy, which accounts for about 5-20% of the total output of the fuel cell. In order to improve the overall energy efficiency of the entire fuel cell power generation system, it is important to reduce the energy consumption of the air delivery device.
In addition, the proton exchange membrane used in the current proton exchange membrane fuel cell electrode needs to have water molecules to keep moisture during the operation process of the cell, because only hydrated protons can freely pass through the proton exchange membrane from the anode end of the electrode to the cathode end of the electrode to participate in electrochemical reaction. Otherwise, when a large amount of dry air is supplied to the fuel cell, water molecules in the proton exchange membrane are easily carried away, so that the internal resistance of the electrode is increased rapidly, and the performance of the cell is reduced rapidly. The air supplied to the fuel cell is typically humidified to increase the relative humidity of the water contained in the air to prevent water loss from the proton exchange membrane.
The following two types of devices are mainly available for air delivery of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell power generation system:
(1) compressors, such as scroll air compressors, screw air compressors, piston air compressors, which achieve air compression by means of a change in volume.
(2) Air pumps or fans for compressing air by means of rapidly moving air, such as high-pressure, medium-pressure, low-pressure blowers, vane pumps, etc.
At present, the first type of air compressor can realize that high-pressure air is delivered to a fuel cell, and generally can reach 1.5 to 5 atmospheric pressures (relative pressure), but the air compressor has large air compression ratio and large compression heat, so that the power consumption of the compressor is large, and although the performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is improved due to the increase of the air pressure, the energy conversion efficiency of the whole fuel cell power generation system is reduced on the contrary.
In order to reduce the power consumption of such air compressors, a coaxial thermal expansion machine is often matched with the air compressor at present, and hot air exhausted from a fuel cell passes through the thermal expansion machine to achieve the purposes of recovering energy and reducing the power consumption of the whole air compressor. The air compressor developed by the company Vairex in the united states at present and specially used for conveying air for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell utilizes the above principle to achieve low energy consumption, and the working pressure can reach 5 atmospheric pressures (relative pressure).
The second type of compressor air machine is actually a blower, and this type of compressor air machine can also realize that low-pressure or medium-pressure air is delivered to the fuel cell, the air pressure generally does not exceed 1.5 atmospheres (relative pressure), and for a general blower, the air pressure is lower, and the working pressure is generally between 1 and 0.05 atmospheres (relative pressure).
The first type of air compressor can realize high-pressure air delivery to the fuel cell, and can be matched with a thermal expansion machine coaxial with the air compressor to realize reduction of the power consumption of the whole air compressor, but has a plurality of defects which are difficult to overcome:
(1) compressors that compress air by means of a change in volume, such as scroll air compressors, screw air compressors, etc., require high machining precision and are therefore expensive.
(2) When air is conveyed to the fuel cell at high pressure, the requirements on pipelines, joints, valves and control systems are high, and therefore the manufacturing cost is high.
(3) When air is conveyed to the fuel cell by high pressure, the danger of the operation of the fuel cell is greatly increased, and the safety is reduced.
(4) The noise is relatively large.
The second type of air compression machinery realizes an air compressor by means of rapid air flow, such as an air blower, an air pump and the like, and can realize air delivery to a fuel cell at low pressure or medium pressure (the working pressure is 0.05-1.5 relative atmospheric pressure), but has the following defects:
(1) when air is conveyed to the fuel cell, the relative pressure is often low (0.05-1.5 atmospheric pressure), but the air flow is high, water molecules in a proton exchange membrane in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell are easily brought away, so that the internal resistance of an electrode is increased rapidly, and the performance of the cell is reduced rapidly.
(2) When air is delivered to the fuel cell, although the relative pressure is low (0.05-1.5 atm), the energy consumption of the whole air blower air delivery system is still high due to the large flow.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an efficient energy-saving fan which can convey air for a fuel cell, has low manufacturing cost and also has the function of humidification.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized through the following technical scheme: the efficient energy-saving fan capable of conveying air for the fuel cell is characterized by comprising a fan impeller, a boosting impeller, a separation membrane, a shell and a motor, wherein the separation membrane divides the shell into a left part and a right part, the left part of the shell is provided with the boosting impeller, the right part of the shell is provided with the fan impeller, the motor is arranged outside the shell and close to one side of the fan impeller, the fan impeller and the boosting impeller are coaxial with an output shaft of the motor, the bottom of the right part of the shell is provided with an air inlet, the top of the right part of the shell is provided with an air outlet through which air can enter the fuel cell, the bottom of the left part of the shell is provided with a wet air inlet discharged by the fuel cell, and the top of the left part of the shell is provided with an evacuation port communicated.
The air filter is arranged in front of the air inlet at the bottom of the right part of the shell.
The separation membrane is permeable to water molecules and impermeable to gas molecules.
The separation membrane is a macromolecule proton exchange membrane.
The separation membrane is a polystyrene sulfonic acid proton exchange membrane.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following and effect:
(1) the air is delivered to the fuel cell at low pressure, the fuel cell has low operating pressure and low requirements on pipelines and valves, and the prices of various parts are greatly reduced.
(2) The fan is simple to manufacture and low in price.
(3) The fuel cell has low operation pressure and good safety.
(4) Humidification of the air entering the fuel cell does not result in water loss from the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell.
(5) The saturated water heat air energy from the fuel cell can be recovered, so that the energy consumption of the whole fan is reduced.
(6) The operating noise is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention connected to a fuel cell;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the boosting impeller of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fan impeller of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-efficiency energy-saving fan capable of conveying air for the fuel cell comprises a fan impeller 1, a boosting impeller 2, a separation membrane 3, a shell 4, a motor 5 and an air filter 6, wherein the separation membrane 3 divides the shell 4 into a left part and a right part, the left part of the shell 4 is provided with the boosting impeller 2, the right part of the shell 4 is provided with the fan impeller 1, the motor 5 is arranged outside the shell 4 and close to one side of the fan impeller 1, the fan impeller 1 and the boosting impeller 2 are coaxial with an output shaft of the motor 5, the bottom of the right part of the shell 4 is provided with an air inlet 7, the top of the right part of the shell is provided with an air outlet 8 for entering the fuel cell, the air filter 6 is arranged in front of the air inlet 7, air is filtered by the air filter 6 and then enters the air inlet 7 of the fan, the bottom of the left part of the shell 4 is provided with a wet air inlet 9 discharged by the, the top of which is provided with a vent 10 communicated with the atmosphere.
As shown in fig. 2, the motor 5 rotates at a high speed to drive the fan impeller 1 to rotate rapidly, air in the atmosphere is sucked into the fan through the air filter 6 to generate a rapidly flowing air flow, the air flows out of the fan outlet 8 and enters the proton exchange membrane fuel cell through the air inlet of the fuel cell 11, a large amount of water and heat are generated after electrochemical reaction, the water and the heat are changed into saturated hydrothermal air and some water, the saturated hydrothermal air and some water flow out of the air outlet of the fuel cell and enter the fan inlet 9 again, when the hot air, the steam and the water pass through the boosting impeller 2 (fig. 3), the impeller is boosted to rotate, and the boosting impeller 2, the fan impeller 1 and the motor 5 are coaxial, so that the energy consumption of the motor is reduced, and the energy saving purpose is. In addition, the boosting impeller 2 and the fan impeller 1 are separated by a separation membrane 3 which can freely permeate water molecules but cannot permeate any gas molecules, the membrane can be a Nafion proton exchange membrane or other polystyrene sulfonic acid proton exchange membranes of DuPont company, the ion exchange membrane can enable moisture of saturated water vapor to quickly diffuse and permeate the membrane, the moisture reaches the fan impeller 1 (shown in figure 4) from the boosting impeller 2 side, and the moisture and dry air sucked in the atmosphere are mixed to form air with certain relative humidity to enter the fuel cell. The fan material, including the boosting impeller 2, the fan impeller 1 and the main shaft, should be corrosion resistant and ion-free, such as stainless steel, high-performance engineering plastics, ceramics, etc.
Claims (5)
1. The efficient energy-saving fan capable of conveying air for the fuel cell is characterized by comprising a fan impeller, a boosting impeller, a separation membrane, a shell and a motor, wherein the separation membrane divides the shell into a left part and a right part, the left part of the shell is provided with the boosting impeller, the right part of the shell is provided with the fan impeller, the motor is arranged outside the shell and close to one side of the fan impeller, the fan impeller and the boosting impeller are coaxial with an output shaft of the motor, the bottom of the right part of the shell is provided with an air inlet, the top of the right part of the shell is provided with an air outlet through which air can enter the fuel cell, the bottom of the left part of the shell is provided with a wet air inlet discharged by the fuel cell, and the top of the left part of the shell is provided with an evacuation port communicated.
2. An efficient energy-saving blower for supplying air to fuel cells as claimed in claim 1 further comprising an air filter disposed in front of the air inlet at the bottom of the right portion of the housing.
3. An efficient energy-saving fan capable of delivering air to a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the separation membrane is a water-permeable and gas-impermeable separation membrane.
4. The efficient energy-saving fan capable of delivering air for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 3, wherein the separating membrane is a proton exchange polymer membrane.
5. The efficient energy-saving fan capable of conveying air for the fuel cell as claimed in claim 4, wherein the separation membrane is a polystyrene sulfonic acid proton exchange membrane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02217164U CN2543217Y (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2002-04-29 | Enetgy-saving efficient fan capable of transfering air to fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02217164U CN2543217Y (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2002-04-29 | Enetgy-saving efficient fan capable of transfering air to fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2543217Y true CN2543217Y (en) | 2003-04-02 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02217164U Expired - Lifetime CN2543217Y (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2002-04-29 | Enetgy-saving efficient fan capable of transfering air to fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2543217Y (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100379070C (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2008-04-02 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | A fuel battery hydrogen gas cyclic utilization device adapting for low-pressure operation |
| CN100392252C (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2008-06-04 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Efficient energy-saving fan capable of feeding air for fuel cell |
| WO2009018724A1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-02-12 | Xi'an Unionfilter Purification Equipment Co., Ltd. | A blower or an air inducing device |
-
2002
- 2002-04-29 CN CN02217164U patent/CN2543217Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100392252C (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2008-06-04 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Efficient energy-saving fan capable of feeding air for fuel cell |
| CN100379070C (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2008-04-02 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | A fuel battery hydrogen gas cyclic utilization device adapting for low-pressure operation |
| WO2009018724A1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-02-12 | Xi'an Unionfilter Purification Equipment Co., Ltd. | A blower or an air inducing device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Effective date of abandoning: 20080604 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |