CN2527866Y

CN2527866Y - Composite circulating fluidized bed boiler

Info

Publication number: CN2527866Y
Application number: CN 02223609
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何相助
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-03-18
Filing date: 2002-03-18
Publication date: 2002-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 2012-03-18

Abstract

The utility model relates to a composite circulating fluidized bed boiler which is provided with a boiler wall, a boiler chamber, a wind chamber, a steam drum, a high or low temperature superheater, a separator, a coal economizer, an air heater, a material recycle device and a material recycle pipe. The utility model is characterized in that the utility model is also provided with a coal bin, a stokehole coal feeder, a coal input bucket, an inclined surface separator, a pulverized-coal grinder and a powder spraying pipe. The raw coal is crushed into the coal with the particle size range from 0 to 10 mm, the crushed coal is divided in cold condition before entering the boiler into two parts of 0 to 2 mm and 2 to 10 mm, and then the coal with two parts enters the boiler chamber on different height for burning. The utility model has the advantages of original conception and reasonable design and provides a novel boiler with complete function and good performance for the boiler industry of China.

Description

Composite circulation fluidizing bed boiler

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of boiler plant, is specifically related to a kind of composite circulation fluidizing bed boiler.

Background technology

Existing CFBB, adopting disintegrating machine that raw coal is broken into particle diameter is that wherein, the coarse granule coal of particle diameter＞2mm was at the lower furnace portion fluidized bed combustion after coal in the 0-10mm scope was gone into stove, the fine particulate coal of particle diameter＜2mm is at the upper furnace suspension combustion.The fine grained that does not burn is caught by separator and is got off to send back to the burner hearth circulating combustion, and the thick slag that burns is discharged from the air compartment bottom, after thin ash enters each heating surface heat release of boiler with flue gas, enters atmosphere through deduster.This CFBB is a kind of combustion system between layer combustion and suspension combustion; Go into the stove coal and be processed into the 0--10mm granulometric range by disintegrating machine; After coal is gone into stove, because the influence of negative pressure in strong fluidisation disturbance in bottom and the stove, be divided into two parts rapidly, the coarse granule coal enters lower furnace portion and carries out fluidized bed combustion by the heat that absorbs high hotbed material, and fine grained enters top and carries out suspension combustion by the radiant heat that absorbs high hotbed material, furnace wall, high-temperature flue gas; The lower furnace portion fluid bed is a stable thermal source that thermal capacity is very big; The fine grained that does not burn must be caught by separator and be got off to send back to the burning of burner hearth circular flow, so fine grained is long at residing time in furnace, and flue gas flying dust concentration is big.In sum, this CFBB has wide adaptability, desulfurization, the good environmental protection, stable of coal, the advantage that maintenance cost is low, but also exist the wearing and tearing of boiler heating surface, furnace wall, boiler combustion efficiency low, be not easy to many shortcomings such as boiler maximization.

And existing coal-powder boiler is together to spray in the fire box in company with high velocity air with the granule coal dust that particle diameter＜0.1mm worn into raw coal by coal pulverizer, by the radiation that absorbs high temperature furnace wall and high-temperature flue gas heat, volatilize separate out, series reaction such as carbon grain combustion.Fuel burns under suspended state in the stove, part high temperature ash after the burning is burnt discharges from lower furnace portion by mucking machine, after the saturating flying dust of most of combustion enters each heating surface heat release of boiler with flue gas, enter atmosphere through deduster, the stove coal of going into of this coal-powder boiler must be by the machining process particle (particle diameter＜0.1mm) of claying into power; Going into the stove coal mainly is to heat by the radiant heat that absorbs high-temperature flue gas and furnace wall to react; Stop, the reaction time of coal dust in stove is short, generally has only about 3 seconds.Thereby this boiler combustion efficiency height, be easy to boiler and maximize.But to the bad adaptability of coal, power consumption is big, the operating cost height.

Send out and inhale content:

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: it is low to overcome existing CFBB heating surface, furnace wall serious wear, efficiency of combustion, be difficult for to realize that boiler maximizes and the shortcoming that bad adaptability, power consumption are big, operating cost is high of coal-powder boiler coal, and provide a kind of coal wide adaptability, efficiency of combustion height, be easy to that boiler maximizes, wearing and tearing are little, desulfurization, good environmental protection, stable, power consumption is little, cost is low composite circulation fluidizing bed boiler.

The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: this composite circulation fluidizing bed boiler has the furnace wall, burner hearth, air compartment, drum, high temperature superheater, low temperature superheater, separator, economizer, air preheater, material-returning device, refeed line, inventive features of the present utility model is also to have coal bunker, the stokehold feeder, following coal bunker, slide sieve, the mill Coal-disintegrating machine, discharge tube, the stokehold feeder is installed in below the coal bunker, following coal bunker is installed in the output of stokehold feeder, in the following coal bunker slide sieve is installed, the feed end of mill Coal-disintegrating machine is installed in below the slide sieve, the discharge end of mill Coal-disintegrating machine connects an end of discharge tube, the other end of discharge tube is installed in upper furnace, and the lower end of following coal bunker is installed in lower furnace portion.

The utility model enters coal bunker with disintegrating machine with the coal that raw coal is broken into the 0-10mm particle size range, the stokehold feeder is given in the coal bunker blanking, after transmitting, the stokehold feeder enters down coal bunker, owing in the coal bunker slide sieve being installed down, so the coal particle of part＜2mm particle diameter falls in the slide sieve hole, enter the mill Coal-disintegrating machine, the mill Coal-disintegrating machine by the method for machining wear into the coal grain suitable with coal-powder boiler (particle diameter less than＜0.1mm), these thin buckwheat coal powder of grinding of mill Coal-disintegrating machine spray into the upper furnace suspension combustion by discharge tube by the high speed steam flow; And enter the lower furnace portion fluidized bed combustion by the coal particle of the particle diameter＞2mm above the slide sieve and the coal particle of fraction particle diameter＜2mm.Therefore, with disintegrating machine the coal particle that raw coal is broken into the 0-10mm particle size range has just been carried out the cold conditions separation before entering boiler combustion, the coal after the separation enters upper furnace and bottom burning respectively, and top is suspension combustion, and the bottom is a fluidized bed combustion.The fine grained that last fraction end burns catches by separator, send the burner hearth circulating combustion back to by material-returning device and refeed line, the thick slag that burns in the burner hearth is discharged from the air compartment bottom, after firing saturating flying dust and entering each hot side heat release of boiler with flue gas, enters atmosphere through deduster.

The utility model is a kind of new improvement invention, it is a kind of new combustion system that coal dust firing combines with CFBC, promptly adopt furnace wall, burner hearth, air compartment, drum, high temperature superheater, low temperature superheater, separator, economizer, air preheater, material-returning device, the refeed line of existing boiler component, adopt existing components coal bunker, stokehold feeder, mill Coal-disintegrating machine again.This component invention had both overcome the shortcoming that bad adaptability, power consumption are big, operating cost is high of existing coal-powder boiler coal, overcome again existing CFBB heating surface, furnace wall serious wear, efficiency of combustion low, be difficult for the shortcoming that boiler maximizes, and the utility model combines the advantage of above-mentioned two kinds of boilers in same boiler, the utlity model has following characteristics:

(1) the utility model is a kind of new combustion system that coal dust firing combines with CFBC;

(2) earlier the coal in the 0-10mm particle size range is carried out cold conditions and separate, coal is divided into two parts of 0-2mm, 2-10mm;

(3) must general＜2mm size particles coal wear into＜the coal dust end of 0.01mm particle diameter by coal pulverizer;

(4) coal enters burner hearth at differing heights in two sub-sections;

(5) fine particulate coal need not can burn through repeatedly circulating:

(6) fluidisation provides stable thermal source for the fine particulate coal suspension combustion;

(7) have all advantages of coal dust firing and CFBC.

Advantage of the present utility model and beneficial effect:

(1) wide adaptability of coal;

(2) boiler combustion efficiency height;

(3) be easy to realize that boiler maximizes;

(4) boiler abrasion is little;

(5) load regulation range is big, good operation stability;

(6) power consumption is little, and the environmental protection cost is low;

(7) desulfurization, good environmental protection;

(8) the boiler improvement workload is few, the duration is short, expense is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation

Fig. 2 is mill Coal-disintegrating machine example structure schematic diagram

Fig. 3 is a superheater example structure schematic diagram

Fig. 4 is a separator example structure schematic diagram

Fig. 5 is an economizer example structure schematic diagram

Fig. 6 is an air preheater example structure schematic diagram

The specific embodiment:

Referring to 1, this composite circulation fluidizing bed boiler has furnace wall 1, burner hearth 2, air compartment 3, drum 4, high temperature superheater 5, low temperature superheater 6, separator 7, economizer 8, air preheater 9, material-returning device 10, refeed line 11, inventive features of the present utility model is also have coal bunker 12, stokehold feeder 13, following coal bunker 14, slide sieve 15, mill Coal-disintegrating machine 16, discharge tube 17, raw coal is broken into the coal of 0-10mm particle size range with disintegrating machine, enter in the coal bunker 12, stokehold feeder 13 is installed in below the coal bunker 12, stokehold feeder 13 can adopt existing belt to carry feeder or screw-type coal distributor or worm gear feeder, following coal bunker 14 is installed in the output of stokehold feeder 13, coal drops to stokehold feeder 13 by coal bunker 12, the stokehold is sent to down coal coal bunker 14 for stove machine 13 again, in the following coal bunker 14 slide sieve 15 is installed, when so coal passes through in following coal bunker, sieve via slide sieve 15, coal is separated, the coal particle of particle diameter＜2mm is fallen by the slide sieve sieve aperture, enter the feed end of mill Coal-disintegrating machine 16, the discharge end of mill Coal-disintegrating machine 16 connects discharge tube 17, and the output of discharge tube 17 extends upper furnace.Like this, the coal particle of particle diameter＜2mm is worn into the coal grain of the particle diameter＜0.1mm suitable with coal-powder boiler by the mill Coal-disintegrating machine, spray into the upper furnace burning by discharge tube by high velocity air, by the coal particle of the particle diameter＞2mm of coal bunker and the coal particle of fraction particle diameter＜2mm enter the lower furnace portion fluidized bed combustion by following coal bunker lower end down.

Superheater in the utility model boiler, separator, economizer, air preheater, material-returning device, refeed line is prior art, as superheater, can adopt the coiled pipe structure, and its effect is after the steam that drum is exported is heated again, to deliver to the user; Separator is generally multi-cyclone tube isolating construction, has whirlwind tube 18, whirlwind 19, smoke pipe 20, ash hole 21, and its effect is that the ash in the flue gas, gas are separated; Economizer is generally cast iron pipe comb or steel coiled pipe structure, its operation principle is to enter boiler-steam dome behind rice water feed-water preheating, and air preheater is generally calandria structure, and its operation principle is after room air is entered the comb preheating, enter air compartment, the boiler of feeding burning.The specific embodiment of these boiler components sees also Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6.

Claims

1, a kind of composite circulation fluidizing bed boiler, has the furnace wall, burner hearth, air compartment, drum, high temperature superheater, low temperature superheater, separator, economizer, air preheater, material-returning device, refeed line, it is characterized in that also having coal bunker, the stokehold feeder, following coal bunker, slide sieve, the mill Coal-disintegrating machine, discharge tube, the stokehold feeder is installed in below the coal bunker, following coal bunker is installed in the output of stokehold feeder, in the following coal bunker slide sieve is installed, the feed end of mill Coal-disintegrating machine is installed in below the slide sieve, the discharge end of mill Coal-disintegrating machine connects an end of discharge tube, the other end of discharge tube is installed in upper furnace, and the lower end of following coal bunker is installed in lower furnace portion.