CN2513996Y

CN2513996Y - Waste plastic oil refining device capable of continuously industrialized production

Info

Publication number: CN2513996Y
Application number: CN 01275608
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜皓
Original assignee: 姜皓
Current assignee: Leyi Environment Brotection Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing
Priority date: 2001-12-04
Filing date: 2001-12-04
Publication date: 2002-10-02
Anticipated expiration: 2011-12-04

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device which refines oil by waste plastics and can work continuously in industrial production. The device comprises a feeding apparatus, a reaction apparatus, a heating apparatus and a fractionating apparatus, which is characterized in that a feed hopper in the device is provided with an upper shift and a lower shift levers. The up shift lever is a straight lath which makes a angle of 60 degrees with a central shaft; the down shift lever is a bending lath, of which the upper bending segment makes a angle of 45 degrees with the central shaft and the lower bending segment is a bending batten parallel to the inner wall of a lower cone of a hopper. The inner wall of the screw cylinder of a plastic extruder is provided with a socket. Helical blades on a screw are divided into three sections and a naked section without blades is between each two sections. The pitch of the blades of the three sections is from wide to narrow. A reaction vessel is connected with the plastic extruder through a feeding control valve and a charging cylinder. The heating apparatus also comprises a ring furnace body. A plurality of flame smoke tubes are connected with the heating furnace and the ring furnace body respectively. A fractionator of the distillation apparatus is installed at the top of the reaction vessel. Besides continuous industrial production, the utility model can realize that the feeding and the reaction are carried out under the state of high temperature reaction at the same time.

Description

But the waste plastics refining unit of continuous industry production

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of plastic waste on-catalytic cracking oil refining machinery, particularly about a kind of elevated-temperature seal automatic feed and the incorporate machinery of reaction fractionation that can realize the continuous large-scale suitability for industrialized production.

Background technology

The relevant both at home and abroad at present plastic waste that reclaims, the report that is converted into high-quality fuel by the cracking chemical reaction is many.But can realize that the continuous high temperature sealing is reinforced, carry out pyroreaction simultaneously, thereby realize the very few of serialization large-scale industrial production.The come out feeding device that joins with atmosphere of the high-temperature oil gas anti-channeling that the key that realizes this process is to stop Pintsch process reaction continuously to be produced is avoided presence of fire or blast, about the report of this respect, does not see that until now work is in generation.

Summary of the invention

At the problems referred to above, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of equipment that can realize and finish above-mentioned two kinds of working specifications, promptly being implemented in Pintsch process reacts under the ongoing condition, can finish and in reactor, seal charging, but guarantee Pintsch process oil gas not anti-channeling go out the waste plastics refining unit of the high continuous industry production of good seal, thermo-efficiency outside the feeding device.

For achieving the above object, the utility model is taked following design: but a kind of waste plastics refining unit of continuous industry production, and it comprises: feeding unit, reaction unit, heating unit, fractionation plant; Described feeding unit comprises: a lift; One loading hopper, its charging opening are positioned at the discharge port below of described lift, are provided with a material toggling agitator by motor and speed reduction unit drive in the described charging opening; One extruding machine that is connected with described loading hopper, one is made up of with the barrel that is arranged on described screw rod outside the screw rod of driven by motor; Described reaction unit comprises: a reactor, and a main shaft by motor and speed reduction unit drive, it is arranged in the described reactor, and described main shaft is provided with agitator; Described heating unit comprises: the heating furnace that a refractory brick is built into, and it is arranged on the bottom of described reactor; Described fractionation plant comprises: a separation column; Some highly efficient distilling fillers, it is full of in the described separation column; It is characterized in that:

Agitator central shaft in the described loading hopper is provided with upper and lower two driving levers, the described driving lever of going up is the straight board lath that is 60 ° of angles with described central shaft, described driving lever down is that the folding section is 45 with described central shaft on one, following folding section and the parallel bending lath of described loading hopper lower cone inwall; The barrel inwall of described extruding machine is provided with groove, and before, during and after the screw-blade on the described screw rod is divided into three sections, and have vaneless naked section between per two sections, the pitch of three sections described screw-blades is narrowed down by wide; Described reactor is connected with described extruding machine with a casing drum by a reinforced by-pass valve control; Described heating unit also comprises: an annular body of heater, and it is arranged on around the described reactor, and described annular body of heater is provided with multilayer heat transfer wing; Some fire smoke gases pipes, it is distributed on described heating furnace circumference, and is connected with described annular body of heater; One exhanst gas outlet, it is located at described annular upper of furnace body, and is connected with the flue chimney; Described separation column is installed on the described reactor cover head.

It is less that gap between described screw-blade and the barrel should keep, and the gap is about 0.2～0.3mm.

Agitator in the described reactor is to be separately positioned on agitator at the bottom of scrape type master agitator on the described main shaft and the half-angle shape.

Main shaft in the described reactor is by water-jacket typ sealed packing case and the sealing of described reactor.

The utility model is owing to take above design, it has the following advantages: 1, the utility model is owing to adopt the driving lever of loading hopper the extruding machine sealed feeder unit of high-strength accurate design, therefore realized under the pyroreaction state reinforced, realized the reaction of charging limit, limit, and high-temperature oil gas anti-channeling phenomenon can not take place, guarantee safety operation.For the automated operation of high temperature continuously feeding is laid a good foundation.2, since the utility model design and installation the annular body of heater of band thermofin, the reaction heating furnace volume is greatly reduced, investment reduces, the heat supply is abundant, and surface heat intensity reduces, and rate of heat transfer improves, heat-up rate is fast, has guaranteed the required heat of continuous charging successive reaction; 3, since the utility model design and installation directly at the separation column on reactor top, make reaction cracking mixed oil and gas directly in the separation column of reactor top a step be fractionated into gas, gasoline and diesel oil, and the heavy oil reactor cracking that directly is condensed back.This just makes the device Btu utilization be tending towards rationally, saves the full device energy consumption more than 30%, and floor space and space also save 1/3.And if just in case have when volume moisture content is arranged in the plastic waste or when containing some aleatory element of easily swift and violent reaction and vaporization, greatly reduce and cause reaction mass to stop up the outlet pipe phenomenon towards still.This is because separation column section ratio pipeline is much bigger, the material speed of going out is greatly reduced and the cause of reactor is returned in sedimentation.4, extruding machine of the present utility model has good stopping property, and the pyroreaction oil gas that guarantees to be in operation can anti-channeling not go out extruding machine; Intensity is big, and processing power is bigger by 50% than the extruding machine of generally held standard; Wear-resisting resistance to compression capacity of resisting impact load is stronger, can guarantee that the plastic waste that contains certain impurity silt particle also can handle, and noise is also little.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation

Fig. 2 is the utility model high temperature continuously feeding device synoptic diagram

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model comprises parts such as high temperature continuously feeding device, reaction unit, process furnace, separation column.

High temperature continuously feeding device comprises: a bucket type lift 1, and it is promoted to broken plastic waste in the loading hopper 2, and loading hopper 2 tops are provided with the cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 4 that is driven by a motor 3, are provided with the material toggling agitator 5 of a special shape in the loading hopper 2.

As shown in Figure 2, the agitator 5 of special shape is meant: except that the central shaft 51 that the output terminal with speed reduction unit 4 is connected, be connected two driving levers, 52,53, two driving levers respectively with the lower end in the top and made by thick band steel, width is about 2cm, thick 1cm.Last driving lever 52 is the straight board laths that are 60 ° of angles with central shaft 51, following driving lever 53 is bending laths, folding section is about 45 ° with central shaft on it, following folding section is parallel with loading hopper 2 lower cone inwalls, and be close to inwall, exceed not wipe to bump, the extruding machine 6 of particular design sent into the broken plastics of being sent here by lift 1 by agitator 5.

The extruding machine 6 of particular design comprises a barrel 61, is installed in the extrusion screw 62 in the barrel 61, and screw rod 62 drives by the big motor 63 that is arranged on barrel 61 ends, and the rotating speed of its rotation is regulated by being arranged on motor 63 other frequency transformer or initiators 64.Before, during and after the screw-blade 65 of screw rod 62 outside surfaces is divided into three sections, designed two vaneless

naked sections

66,67 between per two sections, to form two natural seal sections, prevent the high-temperature oil gas anti-channeling.Gap between screw-blade 65 and the barrel 61 is very little, generally at 0.2～0.3mm, is crowded with the remollescent plastics in it, makes the oil gas can anti-channeling.The pitch of three sections screw-blades 65 is designed to be narrowed down by wide, has increased the material feeding amount.Barrel 61 inwalls are provided with that equally distributed several 1 more shallow～2mm are dark, and 3～6mm is wide, and the long groove suitable with barrel, can prevent that charging from skidding, and the minimizing noise.Barrel 61 outer walls are provided with electrically heated piece 68.

As shown in Figure 1, the softening material of extruding from extruding machine 6 is through casing drum 7 and be arranged on the semi-automatic reinforced control valve 8 of its underpart, enters reactor 9.Semi-automatic reinforced control valve 8 is used for when temporarily stopping reinforced or handling some accident reactor 9 being cut off with extraneous.

Heating unit comprises: be arranged on reactor 9 annular body of heater 10 on every side and heating furnace 11 two portions that are arranged on reactor 9 bottoms.Heating furnace 11 is built into by refractory brick, and ectosome is a steel plate, which is provided with fire door 12, oil fuel burner inlet 13, air door 14, ash door 15 and thermocouple temperature tube 16 etc.The annular body of heater 10 be looped around reactor 9 around, be provided with multilayer heat transfer wing on it.Four or more or few thicker fire smoke gases pipes 17 are evenly distributed on the circumference of heating furnace 11, join with annular body of heater 10.Exhanst gas outlet 18 is located at the top of ring furnace, joins with the flue chimney of back.Exhanst gas outlet is provided with temperature-measuring heat couple 19.

The reactor 9 of reaction unit is arranged among the annular body of heater 10, and the step-down gear 21 that a motor 20 connects is arranged on the top of reactor body 9.A stirring main shaft 22 fuses two the

scrape type agitators

23,24 in step-down gear 21 and the reactor 9.On the main shaft of reactor 9 inside shaft coupling 25 is arranged.Bottoms in the reactor 9 are provided with vertical spacing axle 26, prevent main shaft deflection, and reactor 9 upper covers are provided with totally 8 of manhole 27 and various relevant openings.Wherein elevated-temperature seal liquidometer mouth 28 is particularly important.Stir the sealed packing case 29 that is provided with the band water-cooling jacket when main shaft 22 stretches out the reactor top, guarantee that pyroreaction oil gas can be outside axis hole leak to still and catch fire.

The separation column 30 of fractionation plant is installed on reactor 9 cover heads, has filled highly efficient distilling filler Pall ring 31 (Paul Ring) in its inside, and it can guarantee enough degrees of fractionation, and gasoline and diesel oil fractionation are opened.Separation column 30 middle parts and bottom are provided with two diesel oil respectively and extract mouth 32,33 out.The upper outlet condensation point of diesel oil is low, but flash-point is also on the low side.Under to export condensation point higher, but flash-point is higher, can regulate according to requiring season.Oil header is provided with thermocouple temperature tube 33,35.Extract mouthful 32,33 bottoms out at diesel oil and be provided with diesel oil refluxing opening 36, nationality returns tower to regulate diesel oil extraction temperature and quality and defective diesel oil.Be provided with diesel oil stripping light constituent vapour phase on extraction mouthful 32,33 tops and return tower mouth 37, qualified to guarantee the diesel oil flash-point.Separation column 30 headspaces are provided with water cooling coil pipe 38, so that the cat head internal reflux to be provided.Also be provided with simultaneously the outside cold reflux inlet 39 of cat head.These two bursts of backflows can be as regulating tower top temperature, thus the means of control quality of gasoline, can and usefulness, also can use separately.Cat head is provided with gasoline vapor, gas, steam outlet 40 and relevant other outlet ozzle, as relief valve port 41, thermocouple temperature tube 42 etc.Separation column 30 upper and lowers are provided with the hand hole 43,44 of loading and unloading Pall ring, and separation column 30 top periphery are provided with for the hook 45 that draws the constant wind rope to use.

Claims

But 1, a kind of waste plastics refining unit of continuous industry production, it comprises: feeding unit, reaction unit, heating unit, fractionation plant;

Described feeding unit comprises:

One lift;

One loading hopper, its charging opening are positioned at the discharge port below of described lift, are provided with a material toggling agitator by motor and speed reduction unit drive in the described charging opening;

One extruding machine that is connected with described loading hopper, one is made up of with the barrel that is arranged on described screw rod outside the screw rod of driven by motor,

Described reaction unit comprises:

One reactor;

One main shaft by motor and speed reduction unit drive, it is arranged in the described reactor, and described main shaft is provided with agitator;

Described heating unit comprises:

The heating furnace that one refractory brick is built into, it is arranged on the bottom of described reactor;

Described fractionation plant comprises:

One separation column;

Some highly efficient distilling fillers, it is full of in the described separation column;

It is characterized in that:

Agitator central shaft in the described loading hopper is provided with upper and lower two driving levers, the described driving lever of going up is the straight board lath that is 60 ° of angles with described central shaft, described driving lever down is that the folding section is 45 with described central shaft on one, following folding section and the parallel bending lath of described loading hopper lower cone inwall;

The barrel inwall of described extruding machine is provided with groove, and before, during and after the screw-blade on the described screw rod is divided into three sections, and have vaneless naked section between per two sections, the pitch of three sections described screw-blades is narrowed down by wide;

Described reactor is connected with described extruding machine with a casing drum by a reinforced by-pass valve control;

Described heating unit also comprises:

One annular body of heater, it is arranged on around the described reactor, and described annular body of heater is provided with multilayer heat transfer wing;

Some fire smoke gases pipes, it is distributed on the described heating furnace circumference, and is connected with described annular body of heater respectively;

One exhanst gas outlet, it is located at described annular upper of furnace body, and is connected with the flue chimney;

The separation column of described water distilling apparatus is installed on the described reactor cover head.
But 2, the waste plastics refining unit of continuous industry production as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the gap between described screw-blade and the barrel is 0.2～0.3mm.
But 3, the waste plastics refining unit of continuous industry production as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the agitator in the described reactor is to be separately positioned on agitator at the bottom of scrape type master agitator on the described main shaft and the half-angle shape.
But 4, the waste plastics refining unit of continuous industry production as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the agitator in the described reactor is to be separately positioned on agitator at the bottom of scrape type master agitator on the described main shaft and the half-angle shape.
5, but as claim 1 or 2 or the waste plastics refining unit of 3 or 4 described continuous industry productions, it is characterized in that: the main shaft in the described reactor seals by water-jacket typ sealed packing case and described reactor,