CN2502190Y - Energy-saving cold/hot air conditioning hot water device in all seasons - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an energy-saving cold/hot air conditioning hot water device in all seasons, which is characterized in that: the outdoor unit of the prior air conditioner is added with a water cooling heat exchanger and a three-port diverting electromagnetic valve. A restrictor, which has a triangle-shaped throttling net which consists of a double capillary and four single-direction valve or three main throttling elements, improves the controlling system of the original air conditioner so that the device can conveniently conduct the six circulating manners and has the advantages that: the cooling is increased and the hot water is obtained in summer; heating is not reduced, the hot water is supplied and the no more electricity is consumed in winter; compared with the electric water apparatus, during the hot water production, 70 percent of the electricity is saved and half of the time is saved by the utility model in spring and autumn. Hereby, the utility model solves the difficulty in the selling of air conditioners in different seasons and the great electricity consumption of the electric water apparatus, and can bring great benefit to the producers and the users.

Description

Seasonal energy-saving heating and cooling air-conditioning and hot water installations

Technical field:

The utility model relates to a combination device of a heating and cooling air conditioner and a water heater and an energy-saving technology.

Background technique:

Existing heating and cooling air conditioners discharge heat to the outdoor environment during cooling in summer, supply heating to the room in winter, and are generally idle in spring and autumn. The actual cooling or heating coefficient (COP) of the air conditioner is about 2.8 to 3.0. Generally, an air conditioner with an electric power of 1.5 horsepower (1.1KW) can obtain 2.8 to 3.0 times the cooling or heat of its electric power in summer or winter. Household electric water heaters are used throughout the year. A family of three uses 120 kg of hot water per day to heat from 20°C to 50°C. The daily power consumption is about 4.2 degrees, and the annual power consumption is about 1500 degrees. It can be seen that the electric water heater is a A household appliance that consumes a lot of electricity. Saving the energy consumption of electric water heaters is a big topic of energy saving. After searching, there are utility models based on the principle of using the unused heat discharged from the condenser to the atmosphere when the air conditioner is cooling to heat hot water to save energy, including patent numbers 85202970, 90201632, 90217674, 93206750.6, 94216590, 94237059 , 95222060, 95237765, 95228722, including 15 utility model patents, the utility model patents listed above are not combined with heating and cooling air conditioners; there are two invention patents: 90109269.X "used to adjust air and supply hot/cold water The method "exchanges the condenser and evaporator of the refrigerator with the first and second liquids first, and then exchanges them with water to become hot water and cold water; 92110270.4, "refrigeration heat pump water heater" is specially used for heating water. The methods adopted in the above patents can be roughly classified into two categories: one is to change the air-cooled condenser into a water-cooled condenser; the other is to add a water-cooled condenser after the air-cooled condenser inlet before the compressor exhaust port. The former type of solution is suitable for heat pump water heaters, but because of the large amount of air-conditioning in summer, the water-cooled condenser also consumes a large amount of water, which cannot be balanced by domestic water consumption alone, which will cause a lot of water waste. The latter type of scheme can take into account the cooling of indoor air and the supply of domestic water in summer, but in winter, the heating must be affected when hot water is taken. The above-mentioned schemes may not be able to supply hot water all year round, or can no longer provide heating. Their energy saving is limited to using condensation heat to heat domestic water in summer, and there is no reverse use of the effective energy contained in cold water to increase cooling capacity, which still cannot improve equipment. utilization rate.

The patent No. 97227264.X "energy-saving heating and cooling air conditioner drag water heater" proposes to add a two-position four-way valve with five air chambers and two two-position three-way valves in the heating and cooling air conditioner circuit, so that the devices can perform refrigeration independently. Gas, heat, hot water functions. Although this device can obtain hot water throughout the year, it cannot obtain hot water at the same time when cooling air; the patent No. 95246577.9 "A Cooling and Warming Room Air Conditioner That Can Provide Hot Water" is used in a refrigeration circuit with a double indoor unit air conditioner. Added a section of capillary, two sections of bypasses with electromagnetic valves, a water tank with electric heaters and heat exchangers; the connection position of its electromagnetic valve (23) is limited to: "The described capillary (22), (12) , (13) and between the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) and the liquid reservoir (7) are also bridged with an electromagnetic valve (23) "; because its liquid reservoir is connected to the compressor inlet, so One end of the solenoid valve (23) is connected to the liquid reservoir, and the interface where the solenoid valve (23) is connected to the reversing valve (9) should also be a low-pressure port equal to the pressure of the liquid reservoir, and it is mentioned in the patent specification "When being set as the hot water mode, the air conditioner operates, and the compressor (8) passes the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant through...the heat exchanger (26) in the water tank (25),...the electromagnetic reversing valve (9), the electromagnetic valve ( 23), capillary tubes (22), (12), filters (11), throttling and reducing pressure, enter the heat exchanger (10) of the outdoor unit, and finally the low-pressure refrigerant gas passes through the electromagnetic valve (9), the liquid reservoir ( 10) get back to compressor (8), solenoid valve (24) is in closed state." But can't realize this circulation according to the connection method of solenoid valve (23) of its claim, one is because solenoid valve (23 ) end is at the low port, even if the low pressure end of the electromagnetic valve (23) is reconnected to the high pressure outlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve (9), the refrigerant cannot flow through the capillary tubes (22), (12), but can only flow Via capillary (12). This patent cannot effectively realize the circulation of hot water making alone, and does not solve the impact of hot water making on heating in winter, let alone utilize the available energy contained in cold water.

The patent No. 961212217 is a refrigeration/heat storage/heat storage system for air conditioning using a counterflow subcooler, which provides a method for supercooling the refrigerant flowing out of the condenser in the refrigeration cycle through cold storage water and increasing the cooling capacity . But this patent does not relate to the problem that is used in conjunction with water heater.

Invention content:

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the existing heating and cooling air conditioners and electric water heaters, and propose a double-effect energy-saving that can not only save 100% of the electric energy of the electric water heater in summer, but also increase the cooling capacity by using the cold energy of the cooling water, and In winter, it can not reduce the heating supply capacity of the air conditioner, and can obtain warm water without additional power consumption. It can be used as a separate heat pump water heater in spring and autumn, and can play an energy-saving role throughout the year. Four seasons energy-saving heating and cooling air-conditioning and hot water devices, hereinafter referred to as It is a three-purpose machine.

This four-season energy-saving heating and cooling air-conditioning and hot water device includes four parts: an outdoor unit (O), an indoor unit (I), a water heater, and an operation control and protection system of the heating and cooling air conditioner; the indoor unit (I) includes indoor air-cooled heat exchange device (V), indoor unit fan (F2) and wind deflector (FD), indoor temperature sensor (K1), indoor coil temperature sensor (K2), and the two ends of the connecting pipe are left with the interface with the outdoor unit ( V ₁ ), (V ₂ ); the outdoor unit (O) includes a compressor (C), a four-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (T), an outdoor unit heat exchanger, an outdoor unit fan (F1), defrosting Controller (R), dry filter (G), throttling device (J), liquid reservoir (Q), and the two ends of the connecting pipe fittings leave the interface with the indoor unit (O ₁ ), (O ₂ ); The indoor unit (I) and the outdoor unit (O) are connected by connecting pipelines (L5) and (L6) to form a cooling/heating circulation loop of a heating and cooling air conditioner, and refrigerant is installed in the loop; the water heater includes a water storage tank (H), a heating device, temperature display control sensor (K), the water storage tank has a water inlet and a water outlet, and the outside of the water storage tank is covered with an insulation layer; the operation control and protection system includes all electrical control systems of the existing heating and cooling air conditioner: indoor unit (I ), the indoor main control board (IB), the outdoor control board (OB) of the outdoor unit (O), the circuit switch actuators and remote controllers of the electrical operating parts; it also includes the control system of the existing electric water heater: the electric heater (U) The switch (UK) and its safety protection device; the inlet (C ₁ ) of the compressor (C) in the outdoor unit is connected with the outlet of the liquid storage tank (Q), and the four-way solenoid valve (T) low-pressure gas outlet (T ₃ ) Connected to the inlet (q ₁ ) of the liquid storage tank (Q), the four-way solenoid valve (T) has two other ports except the high-pressure gas inlet (T ₁ ): one port (T ₂ ) is connected to the outdoor The air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the heat exchanger is connected to the high-pressure air inlet (S ₁ ), the other port (T ₄ ) is connected to the port (O ₂ ) of the outdoor unit, and then connected to the indoor The air-cooled condenser interface (V ₂ ) is connected;

It is characterized by:

The outdoor heat exchanger of the outdoor unit (O) is composed of an outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger (S), a water-cooled heat exchanger (B) shared by the air conditioner and the water heater, and a refrigerant passage control of the heat exchanger. The air circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D); the throttle (J) is composed of a throttling element and four check valves (P1), (P2), (P3) and (P4) A dual-circuit two-way throttling mechanism; the throttling element is composed of a throttling element (J1) and a throttling element (J2);

The connection method of the outdoor heat exchanger assembly is: the exhaust port (C ₂ ) of the compressor (C) is connected with the inlet (D ₁ ) of the three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) of the air circuit; One of the outlets (normally open) (D ₂ ) of the three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) is connected to the high-pressure gas inlet (T ₁ ) of the four-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (T), and the other outlet ( Normally closed) (D ₃ ) is connected to the inlet (B ₁ ) of the refrigerant channel of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B), and is also connected to the outlets of two check valves (P1) and (P2); the water-cooled heat exchange The outlet (B ₂ ) of the refrigerant channel of the device (B) is connected to the inlet of the throttling element (J1), and the filter (G) can be connected in series; the filter (G) can also be connected in series with the liquid in the refrigerant circuit. Other parts of the flow path; the outlet of the throttling element (J1) is divided into two routes, one is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve (P3), the other is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve (P4), and the outlet of (P4) is connected to the throttling element The inlet of (J2), the throttling element (J2) is a heating auxiliary throttling capillary; the outlet of the check valve (P3) is connected with the inlet of the check valve (P2) and the interface (O ₁ ) left by the outdoor unit Connection, the interface (O ₁ ) is connected to the port (V ₁ ) of the air-cooled heat exchanger (V) of the indoor unit far from the compressor (C) through the connecting pipeline (L5); the heating auxiliary throttle capillary ( The outlet of J2) is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve (P1) and the port (S2) of the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit far from the compressor (C); the heating auxiliary throttle capillary (J2 ) and the position of the one-way valve (P4) can be interchanged;

The water-cooled heat exchanger (B) is provided with a cold water inlet port (b ₁ ) and a hot water outlet port (b ₂ ), (b ₁ ) is left connected to the water inlet valve (W1) of the tap water pipe, (b ₂ ) is left It is connected with the water inlet or shower head of the hot water storage tank (H) of the user, and the connecting pipe therebetween can be partially made into a water-cooled coil (A) close to the wall of the compressor barrel.

The gas circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) is preferably a combined solenoid valve (also called an indirect solenoid valve) composed of an electromagnetic auxiliary valve and a pneumatic main valve. When using this reversing valve, its auxiliary The common low-pressure exhaust port (d ₄ ) of the valve needs to be connected with the low-pressure pipeline between the low-pressure gas outlet (T ₃ ) of the four-way solenoid valve (T) and the inlet (C ₁ ) of the compressor (C); The gas circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) can use the same existing pneumatic four-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (T) used on the refrigerant main circuit. It is restructured, and the method of reorganization and connection is to block the public exhaust port of the main valve of the existing pneumatic four-way two-position reversing solenoid valve, and connect the public low-pressure exhaust pipe of the auxiliary valve to the public exhaust pipe of the main valve. Disconnect the connection of the auxiliary valve, and then change the public low-pressure exhaust pipe of the auxiliary valve to the low-pressure air outlet (T ₃ ) of the four-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (T) in the outdoor unit (O) to the liquid reservoir (Q ) The low-pressure pipeline between the air inlets is connected, and the small opening left when the common low-pressure exhaust pipe of the main valve is cut off on the common exhaust pipe of the auxiliary valve is sealed.

The throttle (J) can also be a triangular throttle network composed of three main throttle elements (J1), (J2), (J3), equipped with two auxiliary throttle capillaries (J4) and (J5 ) and two one-way valves (P5) and (P6); the connection method is that the inlets of the throttle elements (J1), (J2) are connected to the outlet of the one-way valve (P5), and the one-way valve (P5) ) is connected to the outlet (B ₂ ) of the refrigerant channel of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B), and a filter (G) can be connected in series; the outlet of the throttling element (J1) and one end of the capillary flow element (J3) (J3a) is connected with the auxiliary throttling capillary (J4), the other end of (J4) is connected with the interface (O ₁ ) left by the outdoor unit, and the interface (O ₁ ) is connected to the indoor unit fan through the connecting pipeline (L5). The port (V ₁ ) at the far end of the cold heat exchanger (V) from the compressor (C) is connected; the outlet of the throttling element (J2) is shared with the other end (J3b) of the capillary flow element (J3) and the auxiliary joint The flow capillary (J5) is connected, and the other end of (J5) is connected to the port (S2) of the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit; the check valve (P6) is connected in parallel with the auxiliary throttle capillary (J5), (P6 ) is connected to the port (S2) of the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit, and the outlet of (P6) is connected to the outlet of the throttling element (J2); the auxiliary throttling capillary (J4), (J5) The length can be adjusted according to the specific conditions of different models, sometimes can be omitted.

The heater of the water heater can also be a combined heater composed of a water-cooled heat exchanger (B) and an electric heater (U); , the refrigerant flowing in the coil, the water flowing outside the tube in the tube, or the sleeve-type heat exchanger; the electric heater (U) can be installed in the top water layer of the tube-type water-cooled heat exchanger (B), or installed in the In the bottom water layer of the water storage tank (H).

The gas path three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) can also be replaced by two one-way solenoid valves (Da) and (Db). At this time, the inlets of the solenoid valves (Da) and (Db) are all connected to the compressor The exhaust port (C ₂ ) of the machine (C) is connected, and the outlets of (Da) and (Db) are respectively connected to the high-pressure gas inlet (T ₁ ) of the four-way reversing valve (T) and the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) The refrigerant inlet (B ₁ ) is connected.

The dual-circuit two-way throttling mechanism of the restrictor (J) can also be replaced by a hydraulic three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (DJ) and two throttling elements (J1), (J2) The structure of flow element (J1), throttle element (J2) and two one-way valves (P3) and (P4), the connection method is: the inlet of the three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (DJ) is connected in series with the filter (G) is connected to the outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B), the normally open outlet of the two outlets is connected to the throttling element (J1), and the normally closed outlet is connected to the throttling element (J2); the throttling element (J1) The outlet of the check valve (P2) is connected with the interface (O ₁ ) left by the outdoor unit, and the interface (O ₁ ) is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger (V) of the indoor unit through the connecting pipeline (L5) The port (V ₁ ) far from the compressor (C) is connected; the outlet of the throttling element (J2) and the inlet of the check valve (P1) and the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit away from the compressor (C) the remote port (S2) is connected;

There are two interfaces (h1) and (h2) at the bottom of the water storage tank (H) of the water heater, both of which have a section of pipeline extending into the tank, and the pipe section (L8) of the interface (h1) extending into the water tank is relatively short. Its height is slightly higher than the electric heater (U) installed at the bottom of the water tank, and the pipe section (L9) of the interface (h2) extends into the water tank for a long time, close to the top of the tank; the water storage tank (H) and the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) There are two ways to connect the water inlet and outlet: one is that the interface (h1) is connected with the water outlet (b2) of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) and the hot water outlet valve (W2), and (h2) is the overflow port through the overflow The pipe (L7) and the outlet of (W2) are connected to the sprinkler; the other is that the interface (h2) is connected to the water outlet (b2) of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B), and the interface (h1) is divided into two ways, one way and The water inlet (b1) of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) is connected to each other, and a water circuit check valve (SP1) is connected in series. The flow direction of the check valve (SP1) is from (h1) to (b1), and the other channel is connected to the hot water The water outlet valve (W2) is connected. In this connection mode, an overflow port (h3) is added on the top of the water storage tank (H), and the outlet of the overflow pipe (L7) is connected with the outlet of the hot water outlet valve (W2); A water level pipe (X) can be installed on the pipe (L4).

Usually, for a small household air conditioner, the restrictor (J) is a capillary tube; for a cabinet air conditioner, the restrictor (J) can be a thermal expansion valve, an electronic expansion valve or a capillary tube.

The four-season energy-saving heating and cooling air-conditioning and hot water device of the utility model is provided with the following six working modes, wherein the "blowing" mode is completely one of the working modes of the existing air conditioner, and the other modes are all better than the existing air conditioner and electric The water heater has improved performance and the controls are not the same. The on and off settings and operating status of electrical components in each mode are described as follows:

(1) Air conditioner [M1]—the air conditioner is in normal refrigeration cycle, the electric heater (U) is off; normal control position: compressor (C), outdoor and internal fans (F1), (F2) and wind deflector ( FD) is open, the four-way solenoid valve (T) is in the cooling state (power-off state), the air circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D), and the electric heater (U) are closed; the compressor of the air conditioner ( C), the on/off of the outdoor and indoor fans (F1), (F2) is also controlled by the indoor temperature sensor (K1), the indoor coil temperature sensor (K2) and the set value of the indoor temperature; the working conditions of each heat exchanger : Outdoor unit air-cooled heat exchanger (S) releases heat (normal state), water-cooled coil (A) and water-cooled heat exchanger (B) participate in heat exchange (characteristic state), indoor unit air-cooled heat exchanger (V) Heat absorption (normal state), the electric heater (U) of the water heater does not work (normal state); the three-purpose machine provides air conditioning (normal function) and hot water supply without increasing power consumption, and uses the cooling of cold water to increase the cooling capacity, Double effect energy saving (additional function);

(2) Hot air 1 [M2]—the air conditioner performs normal heating cycle, electric heater (U) is off; normal control position: compressor (C), outdoor and internal fans (F1), (F2) and wind guide The device (FD) is on, the four-way solenoid valve (T) is in the heating state (energized state), the gas circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) is off, and the electric heater (U) is off; during operation, the compressor (C), the on/off of the outdoor and indoor fans (F1), (F2) are also controlled by the indoor temperature sensor (K1), the indoor coil temperature sensor (K2) and the temperature setting value, and the outdoor defrosting monitor ;Working conditions of each heat exchanger: the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit absorbs heat, the water-cooled coil (A) and the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) participate in heat exchange (characteristic state), and the air-cooled heat exchanger of the indoor unit (V) heat release, the electric heater (U) of the water heater does not work; three-purpose mechanism heating (normal function), heating without reducing heating and supplying warm water (additional function);

(3) Hot water [M3]—the air conditioner operates as an outdoor heat-absorbing heat pump cycle, and the electric heater (U) is turned off; normal control position: compressor (C), outdoor fan (F1) is turned on, four-way solenoid valve (T) In the heating state (energized state), the electric heater (U) is off; characteristic control position: the air circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) is on, and the indoor fan (F2) and wind deflector (FD) are off ;Working conditions of each heat exchanger: outdoor unit air-cooled heat exchanger (S) absorbs heat, water-cooled coil (A) and water-cooled heat exchanger (B) heat exchange (one of the characteristic states), indoor unit air-cooled heat exchange The heater (V) does not exchange heat (characteristic state 2), and the electric heater (U) of the water heater does not work; the three-purpose machine is used as a heat pump water heater (one of the special functions), which saves about 75% of electricity compared with the electric water heater;

(4) Dehumidification [M3] - the air conditioner operates a normal refrigeration cycle, the electric heater (U) is turned off; the compressor (C), indoor fan (F2) and wind deflector (FD) are turned on, and the electric heater (U) is turned on Closed, the four-way solenoid valve (T) is in the cooling state (power-off state); characteristic control position: the air circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) is on, the outdoor fan (F1) is off; the working conditions of each heat exchanger : The air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the indoor and outdoor units does not exchange heat (one of the characteristic states), the water-cooled coil (A) and the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) participate in the heat exchange (the second characteristic state), and the air-cooled indoor unit The heat exchanger (V) absorbs heat, and the electric heater (U) of the water heater does not work; all condensation heat is recovered to heat domestic water. Three-purpose machine dehumidification (normal function), less power consumption and more hot water supply (additional function);

(5) Fast heating [M5]—the air conditioner is used as an outdoor heat-absorbing heat pump cycle, and the electric heater (U) is turned on; when the water temperature measured by the thermostat (K) is lower than the set limit, the compressor (C) , The outdoor fan (F1) is on, the four-way solenoid valve (T) is in the heating state (energized state); special control position: the air circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) is on, the electric heater (U) is on , while the indoor fan (F2) and wind deflector (FD) are turned off; in addition, the electric heater (U) is stopped by leakage control. The working conditions of each heat exchanger: the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit absorbs heat, the water-cooled coil (A) and the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) exchange heat (one of the characteristic states), and the air-cooled heat exchanger of the indoor unit (V) no heat exchange (characteristic state two), the electric heater (U) of the water heater works. The three-purpose machine is used as an instant water heater (special function two);

(6) Blowing mode [M6]—the indoor fan (F2) is on, the wind deflector (FD) is working, and other electrical components are off.

The on/off setting status of the electrical device circuit in the above six operating modes can be expressed as a list as follows: modal name Compressor C. Fan F1 Fan (F2) Four-way valve T Airway valve D Heater U deflector FD heat exchanger B Function temperature control [M1] air conditioner open open open stop stop stop open Work Air-conditioning and hot water Indoor temperature control [M2] hot air open open open open stop stop open Work Heating and water Indoor temperature control [M3] hot water open open stop open open stop stop Work hot water Hot water temperature control [M4] Dehumidification open stop open stop open stop open Work hot water air conditioner Hot water temperature control [M5] Quick heat open open stop open open open stop Work quick hot water Hot water temperature control [M6]) Blowing stop stop open stop stop stop open stop wind indoor time control ☆ The air blowing [M6] mode in the table is one of the original air conditioner working modes, and the utility model does not increase the energy saving effect.

However, it is reserved because it is still useful to users. Shown in boldface in the table is the control bit or special function of the utility model.

Functions or additional functions, those not in bold are the same control positions and normal functions of the three-purpose machine and the heating and cooling air conditioner.

Because the utility model adopts the above-mentioned measures to improve the structure of the existing heating and cooling air conditioner, the utility model adopts the structure of the existing outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger (S) and the newly added water-cooled heat exchanger (S) on the outdoor unit (O). The outdoor heat exchanger assembly composed of the heater (B), the gas path three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D), and the double-circuit two-way throttling mechanism of four double check valves with double throttling elements, and adopts the The combined hot water heater with water-cooled coil (A) and water-cooled heat exchanger (B) is equipped with five energy-saving operation modes that can be selected under any use status. In summer, both cooling and hot water can be used for cooling. The cooling capacity in the water which is lower than the temperature of the refrigerant condensate increases the cooling capacity of the air conditioner; in winter, the supply is not reduced, and warm water is obtained; in spring and autumn, the heat pump produces hot water, which can save 70% of electricity; there is also the function of fast and instant hot water supply; High efficiency and energy saving, usable in four seasons, the average annual electricity saving of the water heater is about 85%; at the same time, the structure is relatively simple, the cost of improvement is reduced, and it is easier to produce and popularize. The throttling mechanism in the form of a triangular network can organize four loop cooling/heating cycles, which is basically equivalent to the function of the double-circuit two-way throttling mechanism, which lacks a subcooling refrigeration function, but improves the self-regulation function of the amount of refrigerant in each loop. more stable.

Description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing 1 is the main components of the four-season energy-saving heating and cooling air-conditioning and hot water device of the utility model, the connection relationship, and in summer, the three-purpose machine releases heat to the outdoors, the air conditioner performs cooling air and hot water supply cycle, and executes "air conditioning [M1]" Mode operation, the schematic diagram of the system flow when the water circuit is in the circulation heating mode.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the main components of the utility model device embodiment 2, the connection relationship, and in winter the three-purpose machine absorbs heat from the outside to make heating and supply warm water circulation, the air conditioner executes the "hot air [M2]" mode operation, and the waterway Schematic diagram of the system flow when doing trace water direct current heating; its structural characteristics are: the gas circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) adopts a combined three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve composed of an electromagnetic auxiliary valve and a pneumatic main valve (also known as indirect solenoid valve), the interface (h1) of the water storage tank is the water inlet;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the schematic diagram of the system flow of the device in embodiment 2 when the three-purpose machine in spring, summer, autumn and winter uses heat from the outdoors for heat pump hot water circulation, the air conditioner executes "hot water [M3]" modal operation, and the waterway is used for direct current heating .

Accompanying drawing 4 is the main component of embodiment 3 of the utility model device, the connection relation, and in spring, summer, autumn and winter, the three-purpose machine absorbs heat from the outdoors for heat pump hot water circulation, and the air conditioner performs "hot water [M3]" modal operation 1. The schematic diagram of the system flow when the waterway is used as a direct current heating type. Its structural characteristics are: the throttling mechanism is a triangular network type.

Accompanying drawing 5 is the main component of embodiment 4 of the utility model device, connection relationship, and when dehumidifying in spring, the three-purpose machine absorbs heat from the room for heat pump hot water circulation, executes "dehumidification [M4]" modal operation, and the waterway does direct current Schematic diagram of the system flow in the heating mode; its structural characteristics are: the gas circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) is replaced by two one-way on-off solenoid valves (Da) and (Db); the water-cooled heat exchanger (B ) is an external sleeve type; the one-way valves (P3) and (P4) in the throttling mechanism are replaced by three-way reversing solenoid valves (DJ).

Detailed ways:

The system structure and operation mode of the four-season energy-saving cooling, heating, air-conditioning and water heating device of the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

The four-season energy-saving cooling and heating air-conditioning and hot water device of the present embodiment includes the outdoor unit (O), indoor unit (1), water heater and operation control and protection system (not shown in the figure, but its control result state is provided) of the heating and cooling air conditioner ) four parts; its indoor unit (I) includes indoor air-cooled heat exchanger (V) and fan (F2) and wind deflector (FD), indoor temperature sensor (K1), indoor coil temperature sensor (K2) ; Its outdoor unit (O) includes a compressor (C), an air circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D), a four-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (T), an outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger (S), Fan (F1), defrost controller (R), water cooling coil (A), water cooling heat exchanger (B), filter or filter drier (G), main throttle capillary (J1), heating auxiliary section Flow capillary (J2), four one-way valves (P1), (P2), (P3) and (P4), liquid reservoir (Q), and connecting pipes between the components in the refrigeration/heating circuit, with The interfaces (O ₁ ) and (O ₂ ) of the air-cooled heat exchanger (V) of the indoor unit are filled with refrigerant in the circuit; the water heater includes a water storage tank (H), a heater and a temperature display (K); the water storage tank The lower part has a circulating water outlet (h ₁ )/doubts as a hot water outlet and a circulating water inlet (h2); the outside of the water storage tank is covered with an insulation layer; the inlet (C ₁ ) of the compressor (C) in the outdoor unit is connected to the liquid storage tank ( The outlet of Q) is connected; the four-way solenoid valve (T) low-pressure gas outlet (T ₃ ) is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage tank (Q), and the four-way solenoid valve (T) is connected to the high-pressure gas inlet (T ₁ ). The remaining two interfaces: one interface (normally open) (T ₂ ) is connected to the high-pressure air inlet (S ₁ ) of the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the other interface (T ₄ ) is connected to The interface (O ₂ ) to the outdoor unit is then connected to the air-cooled condenser interface (V ₂ ) of the indoor unit through the connecting pipe (L6); the operation control protection system includes all electrical control systems of the existing heating and cooling air conditioners : the indoor main control board (IB) of the indoor unit (I), the outdoor control board (OB) of the outdoor unit (O), the circuit switch actuators and remote controllers of the electrical operating parts, etc., also including the control system of the existing electric water heater : The switch (UK) of the electric heater (U) and its safety protection device; the operation control and protection system can control the compressor (C), outdoor , the internal fans (F1), (F2), the three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) of the refrigerant circuit, and the start and stop of the electric heater (U) are automatically or manually controlled, so that the whole system performs refrigeration and refrigeration. Circulation of different functions such as heat and hot water;

The outdoor heat exchanger is composed of an outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger (S), a water-cooled coil (A) and a water-cooled heat exchanger (B) and a two-position reversing gas circuit three-way for controlling the refrigerant passage of the heat exchanger The electromagnetic valve (D) is composed; the water-cooled coil (A) is a copper pipe wound on the wall of the compressor cylinder or a row of pipes with elbows is bound on the cylinder wall of the compressor; the outdoor unit (O) The water-cooled heat exchanger (B) is a coil-type counter-flow heat exchanger, which is installed in the outdoor cabinet, and its water path flows from bottom to top, and the refrigerant flows from top to bottom; the connection of the outdoor heat exchanger components The method is: the exhaust port (C ₂ ) of the compressor (C) is connected with the inlet (D ₁ ) of the gas circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D); the three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) The normally open outlet (D ₂ ) is connected to the high-pressure gas inlet (T ₁ ) of the four-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (T), and the other normally closed outlet (D ₃ ) is connected to the refrigerant of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B). The inlet (B ₁ ) of the channel is connected, and it is also connected with the outlets of two check valves (P1) and (P2); the outlet (B ₂ ) of the refrigerant channel of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) is connected to the filter Connect the inlet of the main throttling element (J1) behind the device (G); the outlet of the main throttling element (J1) is divided into two routes, one is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve (P3), and the other is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve (P4 ), the outlet of (P4) is connected to the inlet of the throttling element (J2), and the throttling element (J2) is a heating auxiliary throttling capillary; the outlet of the one-way valve (P3) and the inlet of the one-way valve (P2) And connect with the interface (O ₁ ) left by the outdoor unit, the interface (O ₁ ) is connected to the port ( V ₁ ) is connected; the outlet of the heating auxiliary throttling capillary (J2) is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve (P1) and the port ( S2) are connected; the positions of the heating auxiliary throttle capillary (J2) and the one-way valve (P4) can be interchanged;

The water-cooled heat exchanger (B) is a counter-flow heat exchanger, its water inlet (b ₁ ) is at the same end as its refrigerant outlet (B ₂ ), connected to the water inlet valve (W1) of the tap water pipe and the waterway check valve The outlets of (SP1) are connected together, the inlet of the waterway check valve (SP1) is connected with the outlet (h ₁ ) of the circulating water of the water heater storage tank (H); the water outlet (b ₂ ) of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) is connected with The refrigerant inlet (B ₁ ) has one end connected to the water inlet end of the water cooling coil (A); the water outlet end of the water cooling coil (A) is connected to the circulating water inlet (h ₂ ) of the water storage tank (H); The water-cooling coil (A) is close to the wall of the compressor barrel, and a section can also be extended to be side by side with the refrigerant superheated gas pipeline; the water-cooling coil (A) can also be omitted; when the water-cooling coil (A) is not installed, The water outlet (b ₂ ) of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) will be directly connected to the sprinkler head through the connecting pipe (L2), or connected to the inlet (h ₂ ) of the circulating water of the water storage tank (H);

The water inlet pipe of the circulating water of the water storage tank (H) of the water heater extends to the middle and upper part of the tank; the water outlet (h ₁ ) of the circulating water of the water storage tank (H) is divided into two routes, one of which is connected to the water circuit check valve (SP1 ), the other way is connected with the hot water valve (W2) with a connecting pipe (L4); the top of the water storage tank (H) is provided with an overflow nozzle (h ₃ ), and the outlet of the overflow pipe (L7) It is connected with the outlet of the hot water outlet valve (W2); the water level pipe (X) is installed on the connecting pipe (L4); The water tank is used; the water storage tank (H) is also equipped with a water temperature sensor (K), which is preferably installed in the circulating water inlet pipe section that can detect the inlet water temperature of the circulating water; The barrel is covered with a fully enclosed thermal insulation layer, and the insulation material is made of polyurethane or polystyrene foamed porous material;

The heater of described water heater is combined heater, and it also comprises water-cooled coil (A) and water-cooled heat exchanger (B) except electric heater (U); Described electric heater (U) is installed in The bottom of the water storage tank (H); the height of the outlet pipe of the circulating water extending into the tank should be higher than the height of the electric heater (U) in the water tank.

The four-season energy-saving heating, cooling, heating, air-conditioning and hot water device shown in accompanying drawing 1 is in the "air-conditioning [M1]" mode operation, and the electric heater (U) is turned off. The modal control scheme is: the compressor (C), outdoor and internal fans (F1), (F2) are turned on, the four-way solenoid valve (T) is in the cooling state (power-off state), and the three-way two-position reversing of the air circuit The solenoid valve (D) and the electric heater (U) are closed; the opening/stopping of the compressor (C), outdoor and indoor fans (F1), (F2) is also controlled by the indoor temperature sensor (K1) and the indoor temperature setting value and the indoor pipe temperature sensor (K2); the opening or stopping of the wind deflector (FD) is decided by the user at will. The working conditions of each heat exchanger: the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit releases heat, the water-cooled coil (A) and the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) exchange heat, the air-cooled heat exchanger (V) of the indoor unit absorbs heat, The electric heater (U) of the water heater does not work. Its function: refrigerating air, and hot water supply without increasing power consumption, the cooling capacity of cold water can be used to increase cooling capacity, hot water can save electricity by 100%, cooling capacity can be increased by 10-20%, double-effect energy saving. This mode is generally selected for operation in summer. Its refrigerant circulation circuit is: compressor (H) → (D ₁ → D ₂ ) of the gas circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) → the passage of the four-way solenoid valve (T) (T ₁ → T ₂ ) → channel (S ₁ → S ₂ ) of outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger (used as condenser) (S) "heat release" → one-way valve (P1) → refrigerant channel (B) of water-cooled heat exchanger (B) ₁ → B ₂ ) "Heat exchange" → filter (G) → capillary (J1) → one-way valve (P3) → interface (O1) → air-cooled heat exchanger in the indoor box (for evaporator) (V) Refrigerant passage (V ₁ →V ₂ ) "heat absorption" → interface (O ₂ ) → passage of four-way solenoid valve (T) in the outdoor cabinet (T ₄ →T ₃ ) → liquid storage tank (Q) → compression machine (C). In this state, the water storage tank (H) is first filled with water. The water in the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) rises due to the decrease of the heating density of the refrigerant condensate, which causes the self-circulation of the water. The circulation circuit is: water storage tank (H) (h ₁ ) → one-way water path Valve (SP1)→connecting pipe (L1)→water flow channel (b ₁ →b ₂ ) of water-cooled heat exchanger (B)→connecting pipe (L3)→water-cooling coil (A)→connecting pipe (L2)→water storage tank (H)(h ₂ →h ₁ ); when hot water is taken, open the water inlet valve (W1), tap water enters the water storage tank, and hot water flows out from the overflow pipe at the top of the tank; when the temperature of the hot water at the bottom of the water storage tank is also higher When it is high, you can directly open the water outlet valve (W2) to take hot water, but when the water level of the water storage tank (H) is lower than the height of the circulating water inlet pipe, the water system cannot circulate, and cold water must be added.

When running in air-conditioning [M1] mode, the principle or heat exchange process of refrigerating air, making hot water without power consumption, and increasing the cooling capacity is as follows: the refrigerant vapor is pressurized by the compressor and then heated to about 50~ 80°C, after the refrigerant vapor flows into the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit (used as a condenser), the outdoor air blown by the fan (F1) flows through the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit, taking away the high temperature The heat of the refrigerant, the refrigerant changes from a gaseous state to a high-pressure liquid. At this time, the temperature of the refrigerant liquid is about 10-14°C higher than the outdoor ambient temperature ((about 45-50°C); when the high-pressure hot refrigerant liquid flows into the water-cooled heat exchange After the cooler (B), because the temperature is higher than the water temperature in the water-cooled heat exchanger (B), the water in the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) is heated, and the temperature of the refrigerant liquid is lowered at the same time, and the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) The water in the tank generates lift due to the decrease of the heating density, which drives the water circulation; the supercooled refrigerant liquid is throttled by the capillary joint (J1) and then changes from a high-pressure refrigeration liquid to a low-pressure low-temperature liquid-gas mixture and enters the air-cooled heat exchanger of the indoor unit (V) (used as an evaporator), as the indoor unit fan (F2) rotates, the indoor air flows out of the evaporator tube, and the flowing air exchanges heat with the low-temperature refrigerant, the air cools down and becomes cold air, and the refrigerant liquid evaporates into gas, which is sucked into the compressor through the liquid storage tank (Q) to complete the circulation of the refrigerant and the heat exchange of each cycle link. Among them, the utility model proposes that the condensed liquid of the refrigerant flowing out from the air-cooled condenser is difficult to be absorbed by the air The heat taken away is used to heat the domestic water, and the cooling capacity of the domestic water is used to increase the cooling capacity by supercooling the refrigerant condensed liquid, which has the effect of killing two birds with one stone and double-effect energy saving. Adding water-cooled heat exchanger (B) after the air-cooled cooler of device is the key technical link of realizing this utility model key point. The rationality of this utility model key point is: because the optimal temperature when domestic hot water is used directly 40 ~ 45 ℃, hot water with higher temperature needs to be mixed with cold water, and the temperature of the refrigerant condensate is higher than or equal to this temperature, which meets the temperature difference conditions for heating tap water; in addition, it is assessed from the energy balance that the refrigerant is reduced by 1 ℃ , the cooling capacity will increase by about 0.8%. If it is calculated from 50°C (the design standard is 54°C) to 28°C, it can increase the cooling capacity by 17.5%. In the hot water, the air conditioner with a compressor power of 1.1 kilowatts and a cooling capacity of 3.5 kilowatts is used for supercooling operation calculations. It can provide heat equivalent to a 600-watt electric adder every hour of operation. It can provide 200 kg of hot water with a temperature rise of 20°C, which is basically enough for a family of three. Many inventions and utility models are based on adding a water-cooled heat exchanger between the compressor exhaust port and the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger. Although these solutions have the advantages of small heat exchange area and the ability to obtain hot water at a higher temperature due to the large temperature difference between the refrigerant and the water, they cannot use the cooling capacity of cold water to increase refrigeration by supercooling the refrigerant when using it in summer. It is only a single-effect energy-saving method. It is not an ideal solution to use it in winter and reduce the heating supply. If all the condensation heat is used for hot water production, the daily production of nearly 1 ton of hot water will not be used by the family, resulting in water waste; therefore The double-effect energy-saving feature of the heating, air-conditioning and hot water three-purpose machine of the utility model is different in summer; in addition, the compressor motor, valve plate friction, gas compression, etc. all make the compressor heat up, and the temperature rise of the compressor makes the compression work Consumption increases, and the water-cooled coil (A) cools it down, which not only increases the temperature of the hot water, but also improves the efficiency of the compressor, which is also double-effect energy saving; the water-cooled coil (A) also has the advantage of being easy to manufacture.

Example 2:

Accompanying drawing 2 shows the main components of Embodiment 2 of the four-season energy-saving heating and cooling air-conditioning and hot water device, the connection relationship, and the three-purpose machine absorbs heat from the outside in winter to make heating and supply warm water circulation, and the air conditioner executes "hot air [M2]" Mode operation, the schematic diagram of the system flow when the waterway is used as a trace water direct current heating type. Its structural features are: the gas circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) adopts a combined three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (also called an indirect solenoid valve) composed of an electromagnetic auxiliary valve and a pneumatic main valve, and its auxiliary valve The public low-pressure exhaust port (d ₄ ) of the four-way solenoid valve (T) is connected with the low-pressure pipeline between the low-pressure gas outlet (T ₃ ) of the four-way solenoid valve (T) and the inlet (C ₁ ) of the compressor (C). Another important feature of the invention; the public low-pressure exhaust port (d ₄ ) of the auxiliary valve in this embodiment is connected with the low-pressure gas outlet (T ₃ ) of the four-way solenoid valve (T) to the air inlet of the liquid reservoir (Q) The low-pressure pipeline between them is connected to point q ₁ before the air inlet of the liquid reservoir (Q); the high-pressure air inlet (d ₁ ) of the auxiliary valve is connected with the air inlet (D ₁ ) of the main valve, and the other two air ports of the auxiliary valve are It communicates with the piston cavity at both ends (a) and (b) of the main valve; the auxiliary valve is a miniature two-position four-way reversing valve. Send high-pressure gas, so that the other end (b) of the main valve communicates with the exhaust port (d ₄ ) of the auxiliary valve. Due to the pressure difference between the piston chambers at both ends of the main valve, the main valve core pushes to the other end (b), and the inlet of the main valve The air port (D ₁ ) communicates with the exhaust port (D ₂ ) near (a), and its exhaust port (D ₃ ) is blocked; when the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, the auxiliary valve sends air to the other (b) end of the main valve. High-pressure gas, so that the main valve (a) end communicates with the auxiliary valve exhaust port (d ₄ ), due to the pressure difference between the piston chambers at both ends of the main valve, the main valve core pushes to the (a) end, and the air inlet (D 4 ) of the main valve ₁ ) It communicates with the exhaust port (D ₃ ) near the (b) end, and its exhaust port (D ₂ ) is blocked; at present, there is no such three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) for sale in China. This embodiment The three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) is remanufactured from the same pneumatic four-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (T) used on the refrigerant main circuit. , the reformation and connection method is to block the public exhaust port of the main valve of the existing pneumatic four-way two-position reversing solenoid valve, and disconnect the public low-pressure exhaust pipe of the auxiliary valve from the public exhaust pipe of the main valve. Open, and then change the public low-pressure exhaust pipe of the auxiliary valve to the low-pressure air outlet (T ₃ ) of the four-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (T) in the outdoor unit (O) to the air inlet of the liquid receiver (Q) Connect the low-pressure pipeline between them, and seal the small opening left when the public low-pressure exhaust pipe of the auxiliary valve is cut off on the common exhaust pipe of the main valve; The pipeline (q1) in front of the suction port of (Q) is connected; there are two interfaces (h1) and (h2) at the bottom of the water storage tank (H) of the water heater, and a section of pipeline extends into the tank at both interfaces. The pipe section (L8) of the interface (h1) extends into the water tank for a short period of time, and its height is slightly higher than the electric heater (U) installed at the bottom of the water tank. The pipe section (L9) of the interface (h2) extends into the water tank longer and is closer to Top; the interface (h1) of the water storage tank (H) is connected with the water outlet (b2) of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) and the hot water outlet valve (W2), (h2) is the overflow port through the overflow pipe (L7) Connect with (W2) outlet to sprinkler head.

Accompanying drawing 2 also illustrates the refrigerant and water flow of the three-purpose machine in this embodiment in the "heating [M2]" mode; at this time, the three-purpose machine can also obtain warm water while supplying heat to the room.

When the heating [M2] mode is running, the air conditioner of the four-season energy-saving heating and cooling air-conditioning and hot water device performs a normal heating cycle, and the electric heater (U) is turned off; the operation control scheme is: compressor (C), outdoor and internal fans (F1) and (F2) open, the four-way solenoid valve (T) is in the heating state (energized state), the gas circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) and the electric heater (U) are closed; the compressor ( C), the on/off of the outdoor and indoor fans (F1), (F2) is also controlled by the indoor temperature sensor (K1) and the temperature setting value, the indoor pipe temperature sensor (K2), and the outdoor defrosting monitor; each Working conditions of the heat exchanger: the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit absorbs heat, the water-cooled coil (A) and the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) participate in heat exchange (characteristic state), the air-cooled heat exchanger of the indoor unit (V ) release heat, the electric heater (U) of the water heater does not work; the three-purpose mechanism heating (normal function), does not reduce the heating and provides warm water (additional function).

The heating cycle circuit performed by the refrigerant is: compressor (H) → (D ₁ → D ₂ ) of the three-way electromagnetic reversing valve (D) → channel (T ₁ → D ) of the four-way electromagnetic valve (T) T ₄ ) → interface (O ₂ ) → channel (V2 → V1) of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger (used as a condenser at this time) (V) → interface (O1) → one-way valve (P2) in the outdoor cabinet → Channel (B1→B2) of water-cooled heat exchanger (B)→filter (G)→capillary (J1)→heating auxiliary throttle capillary (J2)→one-way valve (P4)→outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger ( At this time, it is used as the evaporator) (S) passage (S2→S1)→the passage (T2→T3) of the four-way solenoid valve (T)→liquid storage tank (Q)→compressor (C). The water inlet valve (W1) is slightly opened to allow a small flow of water to flow through the water-cooled heat exchanger (B). In winter, the water temperature is very low (about 10°C), and the temperature of the refrigerant condensate is still above 40°C. The cold water in the heater (B) can still exchange heat with the refrigerant condensate, and the heated water enters the water storage tank (H) through the interface (h1) for storage, and warm water can be obtained by opening the water outlet valve (W2). To obtain hot water higher than 30°C in winter, you can use an electric heater (U) for auxiliary heating, or let the three-purpose machine perform "hot water [M3]" or "fast heating [M5]" mode operation.

Accompanying drawing 3 shows this embodiment 2 in spring, summer, autumn and winter seasons when the three-purpose machine absorbs heat from the outdoors for heat pump hot water circulation, the air conditioner executes "hot water [M3]" modal operation, and the waterway is in the direct current heating mode. Schematic diagram of the system flow; the structure of the attached drawing 3 has the same function as that of the embodiment 2; its operation differs from the embodiments 1 and 2 in that it utilizes the direct-flow rapid heating water operation mode, and can take showers immediately.

When the "hot water [M3]" operation mode cycle is executed, the compressor (C), outdoor fan (F1), air circuit three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) and four-way solenoid valve (T) are opened, and the indoor The fan (F2) and the wind deflector (FD), the electric heater (U) are turned off; the air conditioner of the system operates as an outdoor heat-absorbing heat pump cycle, and the four-way solenoid valve (T) is in the heating state; the water supply valve (W1) Turn on; when the water flow rate is large and the water temperature is low, the electric heater (U) can be turned on, and the "fast heating [M5]" operation mode is implemented; the working conditions of each heat exchanger: outdoor unit air-cooled heat exchanger (S) Heat absorption, water-cooled coil (A) heat absorption, water-cooled heat exchanger (B) heat transfer (characteristic state 1), indoor unit air-cooled heat exchanger (V) does not transfer heat (characteristic state 2), water heater The electric heater (U) does not work/work; the three-purpose machine is used as a heat pump water heater (one of the special functions).

Its refrigerant performs a heating cycle that takes heat from the outside, and its cycle is: compressor (H) → (D ₁ → D ₃ ) of the three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) → water-cooled heat exchanger (B) channel (B ₁ →B ₂ )→filter (G)→hydraulic three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (DJ)→capillary (J1)→heating auxiliary throttle capillary (J2)→one-way Valve (P4) → channel (S ₂ → S ₁ ) of the air-cooled heat exchanger of the outdoor unit (for evaporator at this time) (S) → channel (T ₂ → T ₃ ) of the four-way solenoid valve (T) → storage Liquid tank (Q)→compressor (C). The water flow direction is: tap water → water inlet valve (W1) → water channel (b1 → b2) of water-cooled heat exchanger (B) → connecting pipe (L3) → water-cooling coil (A) → via connecting pipe (L2) → It flows out through the hot water valve (W2) to the spray head; when the hot water valve (W2) is closed, the hot water enters the water storage tank (H) through (h1) for storage, and when the water tank is full, the hot water overflows through the interface (h2 ) and connecting pipe (L8) from the sprinkler head. Since the high-pressure refrigerant vapor flows through the gas circuit solenoid valve (D) and directly acts on the outlets of the check valves (P1) and (P2), the check valves (P1) and (P2) cannot reverse conduction, and the high-pressure refrigerant All the steam flows through the water-cooled heat exchanger (B); in this cycle, all the heat of the refrigerant from the compressor discharge port to before throttling, including superheated steam heat, condensation heat, and supercooled liquid heat will be in the water-cooled heat exchanger The heater (B) is used for heating water, and part of the heat of the cylinder wall of the compressor is absorbed by the water in the water-cooling coil (A), which fully functions as a heat pump water heater. Since the vapor pressure of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger is higher than the pressure at the outlet of the throttling element (J1), the one-way valve (P3) cannot conduct, and the refrigerant will flow into the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through the heating auxiliary capillary (J2) (S); In this mode, the heat transfer capacity of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) is very large, and the pressure of tap water needs to be used for forced convection heat transfer. Of course, it is also possible to install a circulating pump on the pipeline, but it is generally not used on small three-purpose machines, and it is only considered when there are large air conditioners and larger water storage tanks. Since the outdoor temperature is not low in spring and autumn, if it is heated in the afternoon, the outdoor temperature will be higher, and the COP value of the heat pump water heater is much higher than the nominal 2.8-3.0 of the air conditioner. The COP value will be higher than 3.5-4.0, which means that spending 1 kWh of electricity using the heat pump method to prepare hot water can obtain the amount of hot water equivalent to 3.5-4.0 kWh of electric heating, and its energy-saving effect is greater than 70%. , When the water temperature is 20°C, use a three-purpose machine remanufactured from an air conditioner with a compressor power of 1.1 kilowatts to raise the water temperature to 40-44°C, and about 4.0-4.8 kilowatts of hot water can be obtained.

In winter, hot water at 35°C to 40°C can still be obtained with this mode of operation. If you want to obtain hot water at a higher temperature, you can turn on the electric heater (U) to implement the "fast heating [M5]" operating mode.

At the end of autumn and early summer, when you need hot water for bathing and slightly cool down the room, you can change the "hot water [M3] mode to "dehumidification [M4]" mode, and the operation is to make the manual control system in the bathroom The four-pole linkage switch (AN-/4) is still in the conduction state, and the two-pole two-position linkage switch (HZ-P/2) is changed to the conduction position of (1b), the motor of the indoor fan (F2) (MF2) is powered on, the indoor fan (F2) works, the motor (MF1) of the outdoor fan (F1) and the coil of the four-way reversing solenoid valve (T) are powered off, the air conditioner returns to the refrigeration cycle, the compressor works but the outdoor fan (F1) does not work, and the refrigerant condenses in the water-cooled heat exchanger (B); when performing "dehumidification [M4]" mode operation, it is also necessary to put the indoor remote control system in the [blowing] mode, and adjust the wind guide arbitrarily The position of the fan plate of the flow device (FD); when operating in this mode, the three-purpose machine blows cold air or dehumidifies the room while making hot water.

Example 3:

Accompanying drawing 4 shows the main components of embodiment 3 of the four seasons energy-saving heating and cooling air-conditioning and hot water device of the present invention, the connection relationship, and the four-season three-purpose machine absorbs heat from the outdoors as a heat pump hot water cycle in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and the air conditioner executes "heat pump". Water [M3]" modal operation, the system flow diagram when the waterway is used as direct current heating; the structure of this embodiment reduces the function of subcooling and refrigeration compared with the three-purpose machine of embodiments 1 and 2, and retains the basic main functions, but Crew matching is easy. Its structure is different from Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 in that its throttling structure throttling mechanism is a triangular mesh type, that is, the throttling device (J) is composed of three main throttling elements (J1), (J2), (J3) The triangular throttling network composed of two auxiliary throttling capillaries (J4) and (J5) and two check valves (P5) and (P6); the connection method is throttling elements (J1), (J2 ) are connected at one end to the outlet of the one-way valve (P5), and the inlet of the one-way valve (P5) is connected to the outlet (B ₂ ) of the refrigerant channel of the water-cooled heat exchanger (B), and a filter can be connected in series (G); the outlet of the throttling element (J1) is connected with one end (J3a) of the capillary flow element (J3) and the auxiliary throttling capillary (J4), and the other end of (J4) is connected with the interface (O ₁ ), the interface (O ₁ ) is connected to the port (V 1 ) of the air-cooled heat exchanger (V) _of the indoor unit far from the compressor (C) through the connecting pipeline (L5); the throttling element ( The outlet of J2) is connected with the other end (J3b) of the capillary flow element (J3) and the auxiliary throttling capillary (J5), and the other end of (J5) is connected with the port (S2) of the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit The one-way valve (P6) is connected in parallel with the auxiliary throttle capillary (J5), the inlet of (P6) is also connected with the port (S2) of the air-cooled heat exchanger (S) of the outdoor unit, and the outlet of (P6) is also connected It is connected with the outlet of the throttling element (J2); the length of the auxiliary throttling capillary (J4), (J5) can be adjusted according to the specific conditions of different models, and can sometimes be omitted. In addition, the water storage tank is not provided with a water level display tube and a circulation loop, which greatly simplifies the structure.

The operation in use is the same as other embodiments.

Example 4:

Accompanying drawing 5 shows the main components of embodiment 4 of the four-season energy-saving heating and cooling air-conditioning and hot water device of the present utility model, the connection relationship, and the three-purpose machine absorbing heat from the room for heat pump hot water circulation during spring dehumidification, and performing "dehumidification [M4] "Modal operation, the system flow diagram when the waterway is used as a direct current heating type; the structure of this embodiment has the functions completely equivalent to those of embodiments 1, 2, and 3.

The structure of this embodiment differs from Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 in that:

(1) The water-cooled heat exchanger (B) is an external sleeve type;

(2) The three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (D) of the air circuit is replaced by two one-way on-off solenoid valves (Da) and (Db);

(3) Replace the original throttling element (J1), throttling element (J2) and two throttling elements (J1), throttling elements (J2) and two The structure of a one-way valve (P3) and (P4), the connection mode of the new throttling structure is: the inlet of the three-way two-position reversing solenoid valve (DJ) is connected in series with the filter (G) and then connected to the water-cooled heat exchanger (B) outlet, the normally open outlet of the two outlets is connected to the throttling capillary (J1), and the normally closed outlet is connected to the throttling capillary (J2); the outlet of the throttling element (J1) is connected to the one-way valve (P2) The inlet of the outdoor unit is connected with the interface (O ₁ ) left by the outdoor unit, and the interface (O ₁ ) is connected to the remote end of the air-cooled heat exchanger (V) of the indoor unit from the compressor (C) through the connecting pipeline (L5) The port (V ₁ ) is connected; the outlet of the throttling element (J2) is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve (P1) and the port (S2 ) are connected;

The waterway system of the present embodiment is designed for utilizing existing air conditioners and electric water heaters, and it is applicable to the transformation needs of users who have air conditioners and electric water heaters. Its main advantage is that there are few changes to the existing air conditioners and electric water heaters, and the casing heat exchanger can be placed outside the casing of the outdoor unit or even inside the house, which is suitable for sporadic renovation.

The hot water heating method of the three-purpose machine in this embodiment is: open the water valve (W1), and the three-purpose machine executes the direct current heating mode ("M3", "M4" or "M5" mode), at this time, the tap water passes through the water Valve (W1)→water-cooled heat exchanger (B)→connecting pipe (L3)→water-cooled coil (A)→connecting pipe (L2)→circulating water inlet of water storage tank (H) (h ₁ )→water storage tank (H ); or → Water Valve (W2) → User Sprinkler.

Claims (8)

1, energy-conservation cold-heat air-conditioning, water-heating device of a kind of four seasons comprises that protection system four major parts are controlled in off-premises station (O), indoor set (I), water heater and the operation of air conditioner; Described indoor set (I) comprises indoor air cooling heat exchanger (V), indoor machine fan (F2) and wind direction air deflector (FD), and indoor temperature transmitter (K1), indoor coil pipe sensor (K2), the interface (V with off-premises station is left at the two ends of its connecting tube ₁), (V ₂); Described off-premises station (O) comprises compressor (C), two reversing solenoid valves of four-way (T), off-premises station heat exchanger, outdoor machine fan (F1), defrost controller (R), device for drying and filtering (G), flow controller (J), liquid reservoir (Q), and the interface (O with indoor set is left at the two ends of its connecting tube ₁), (O ₂); Indoor set (I) and off-premises station (O) connect to form air conditioner refrigeration/soft circulation circuit by connecting line (L5), (L6), and cold-producing medium is housed in the loop; Described water heater comprises that water storage tank (H), heater, temperature show control sensor (K), and water storage tank has water inlet and water out, and the water storage tank outside is surrounded by heat-insulation layer; Described operation control protection system comprises whole electrical apparatus control systems of existing air conditioner: the indoor master control borad (IB) of indoor set (I), the outdoor control panel (OB) of off-premises station (O), the contactor executive component and the remote controller of electrical equipment running gear; The control system that also comprises existing electric heater: the switch (UK) and the safety guard thereof of electric heater (U); Inlet (the C of the compressor in the off-premises station (C) ₁) be connected four way solenoid valve (T) low pressure gas outlet (T with the outlet of receiver (Q) ₃) with the inlet (q of receiver (Q) ₁) be connected, four way solenoid valve (T) removes high pressure gas import (T ₁) outer two other last interface: an interface (T ₂) with the high pressure air intake (S of the air cooling heat exchanger (S) of outdoor heat exchanger ₁) be connected another interface (T ₄) be connected to the interface (O of off-premises station ₂), again through tube connector (L6) and indoor set air-cooled condenser interface (V ₂) join;

It is characterized in that:

The outdoor heat exchanger of described off-premises station (O) is made up of two reversing solenoid valves of gas circuit threeway (D) of the refrigerant passage control usefulness of shared water cooling heat exchanger (B) of outdoor air cooling heat exchanger (S), cold air-conditioner and water heater and heat exchanger; Described flow controller (J) is by restricting element and four check valves (P1), (P2), (P3) and the double loop bidirectional throttle mechanism that (P4) forms; This restricting element is made up of restricting element (J1) and restricting element (J2);

The connected mode of described outdoor heat exchanger assembly is: the exhaust outlet (C of compressor (C) ₂) with the inlet (D of two reversing solenoid valves of gas circuit threeway (D) ₁) be connected; One of outlet of two reversing solenoid valves of gas circuit threeway (D) (often opening) (D ₂) with the high pressure gas of two reversing solenoid valves of four-way (T) inlet (T ₁) be connected another outlet (normally closed) (D ₃) with the inlet (B of the coolant channel of water cooling heat exchanger (B) ₁) be connected, also the outlet with two check valves (P1) and (P2) is connected altogether; Outlet (the B of the coolant channel of water cooling heat exchanger (B) ₂) join with restricting element (J1) inlet, can be connected in series filter (G) therebetween; Filter (G) also can be serially connected in other place of the flow channel for liquids of refrigerant loop; The outlet of restricting element (J1) divides two tunnel, one tunnel inlet that meets check valve (P3), and another road connects the inlet of check valve (P4), and outlet (P4) connects the inlet of restricting element (J2), and restricting element (J2) is for heating auxiliary throttle capillary tube; The inlet of the outlet of check valve (P3) and check valve (P2) and the interface (O that is stayed with off-premises station ₁) be connected interface (O ₁) through the port (V from compressor (C) far-end of connecting line (L5) with indoor machine wind cold heat exchanger (V) ₁) be connected; The outlet that heats auxiliary throttle capillary tube (J2) reaches with the inlet of check valve (P1) and is connected with the port (S2) from compressor (C) far-end of off-premises station air cooling heat exchanger (S); The position that heats auxiliary throttle capillary tube (J2) and check valve (P4) can exchange;

Described water cooling heat exchanger (B) is provided with cold water entry interface (b ₁) and hot water effluent's interface (b ₂), (b ₁) stay with the water intaking valve (W1) of running water pipe and be connected (b ₂) stay with the water inlet or the spray head of user's hot water water storage tank (H) and be connected, tube connector therebetween can have segment section to make water-cooled coil pipe (A) to be close to the compressor barrel.

2, energy-conservation cold-heat air-conditioning, water-heating device of the four seasons as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that: two reversing solenoid valves of described gas circuit threeway (D) are the multifunctional electromagnetic valves that is made of auxilliary valve of electromagnetism and pneumatic main valve, the common low pressure exhaust outlet (d of its auxilliary valve ₄) with the low pressure gas of four way solenoid valve (T) outlet (T ₃) to the inlet (C of compressor (C) ₁) between low pressure line be connected; Two reversing solenoid valves of described gas circuit threeway (D) utilize existing Pneumatic four-way two reversing solenoid valves identical with used two reversing solenoid valves of Pneumatic four-way (T) on the cold-producing medium major loop to change a social system and form, that is: the public exhaust outlet of the main valve of existing two reversing solenoid valves of Pneumatic four-way is blocked, and the disconnection that is connected of the common exhaust pipe of the common low pressure blast pipe of auxilliary valve and main valve, again the common low pressure blast pipe of auxilliary valve change into off-premises station (O) in the low pressure gas outlet (T of two reversing solenoid valves of four-way (T) ₃) to the connection of the low pressure line between liquid reservoir (Q) air intake, and shut the osculum that stays that cuts off on the main valve common exhaust pipe when assisting valve common low pressure blast pipe.

3, energy-conservation cold-heat air-conditioning, water-heating device of the four seasons as claimed in claim 1, be characterised in that: described flow controller (J) is by the triangle throttling net that three main restricting elements (J1), (J2), (J3) form, and is equipped with two auxiliary throttle capillary tubes (J4) and (J5) and two check valves (P5) and (P6) form; Its connected mode be restricting element (J1), (J2) inlet totally one end be connected with the outlet of check valve (P5), the inlet of check valve (P5) is connected with the outlet (B2) of the coolant channel of water cooling heat exchanger (B), can be connected in series filter (G) therebetween; One end (J3a) of the outlet of restricting element (J1) and restricting element (J3) is connected with auxiliary throttle capillary tube (J4) altogether, (J4) the other end is connected with the interface (O1) that off-premises station is stayed, and interface (O1) is connected with the port (V1) from compressor (C) far-end of indoor machine wind cold heat exchanger (V) through connecting line (L5); The other end (J3b) of the outlet of restricting element (J2) and restricting element (J3) is connected with auxiliary throttle capillary tube (J5) altogether, and the other end (J5) is connected with the port (S2) of off-premises station air cooling heat exchanger (S); Check valve (P6) is in parallel with auxiliary throttle capillary tube (J5), and inlet (P6) is connected with the port (S2) of off-premises station air cooling heat exchanger (S), and the outlet of outlet (P6) and restricting element (J2) is joined.

4, energy-conservation cold-heat air-conditioning, water-heating device of the four seasons as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that: the combination heater that the heater of described water heater is made up of water cooling heat exchanger (B) and electric heater (U); Described water cooling heat exchanger (B) is a contra-flow heat exchanger of placing coil pipe in the tube, flow system cryogen in the coil pipe, the outer circulating water of pipe in the tube, or double pipe heat exchanger; Electric heater (U) can be installed in the top water layer of cartridge type water cooling heat exchanger (B), or is installed in the bottom water layer of water storage tank (H).

5, energy-conservation cold-heat air-conditioning, water-heating device of the four seasons as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that: the ON/OFF of the electrical part circuit that described compressor (C), outdoor fan (F1), indoor fan (F2), two reversing solenoid valves of four-way (T), gas circuit triplet commutation magnetic valve (D), electric heater (U) and wind direction air deflector (FD) according to the form below are listed is provided with state setting, operation: The mode name Compressor C Blower fan F1 Blower fan (F2) Cross valve T Gas circuit valve D Heater U Air deflector FD Heat exchanger B Function The temperature control part [M1] cold air Open Open Open Stop Stop Stop Open Work Cold air hot water Indoor temperature control [M2] hot blast Open Open Open Open Stop Stop Open Work Heating installation warm water Indoor temperature control [M3] hot water Open Open Stop Open Open Stop Stop Work Hot water The hot water temperature control [M4] dehumidifying Open Stop Open Stop Open Stop Open Work Hot water cold air The hot water temperature control [M5] fast heat Open Open Stop Open Open Open Stop Work Rapid hot water The hot water temperature control [M6]) blowing Stop Stop Open Stop Stop Stop Open Stop Wind Indoor time control

6, energy-conservation cold-heat air-conditioning, water-heating device of the four seasons as claimed in claim 1, be characterised in that: two reversing solenoid valves of described gas circuit threeway (D) replace by two unidirectional electrical magnet valves (Da) with (Db), at this moment, magnetic valve (Da) and inlet (Db) all with the exhaust outlet (C of compressor (C) ₂) join, outlet (Da) and (Db) respectively with the high pressure gas inlet (T of four-way change-over valve (T) ₁) and the refrigerant inlet (B of water cooling heat exchanger (B) ₁) be connected.

7, energy-conservation cold-heat air-conditioning, water-heating device of the four seasons as claimed in claim 1, be characterised in that: the double loop bidirectional throttle mechanism of described flow controller (J) is with two reversing solenoid valves of a liquid road threeway (DJ) and two restricting elements (J1), (J2) structure substitutes former restricting element (J1), restricting element (J2) and two check valves (P3) and structure (P4), its connected mode is: the outlet that is connected to water cooling heat exchanger (B) behind the inlet serial connection filter (G) of two reversing solenoid valves of threeway (DJ), the mouth of often leaving of two outlet connects restricting element (J1), and its normally closed outlet connects restricting element (J2); The inlet of the outlet of restricting element (J1) and check valve (P2) and the interface (O that is stayed with off-premises station ₁) be connected interface (O ₁) through the port (V from compressor (C) far-end of connecting line (L5) with indoor machine wind cold heat exchanger (V) ₁) be connected; The outlet of restricting element (J2) reaches with the inlet of check valve (P1) and is connected with the port (S2) from compressor (C) far-end of off-premises station air cooling heat exchanger (S).

8, energy-conservation cold-heat air-conditioning, water-heating device of the four seasons as claimed in claim 1, be characterised in that: two interfaces (h1) and (h2) are arranged at the water storage tank of described water heater (H) bottom, this two interface all has one section pipeline to stretch in the case, it is shorter that the pipeline section (L8) of interface (h1) stretches into water tank, its height is with a little more than the electric heater that is installed in water tank bottom (U), it is longer that the pipeline section (L9) of interface (h2) stretches into water tank, pushes up near case; Water storage tank (H) has two kinds of connected modes with the intake-outlet of water cooling heat exchanger (B): a kind of is the water out (b of interface (h1) and water cooling heat exchanger (B) ₂) and hot water effluent's valve (W2) connect, (h2) together receive spray head through overflow pipe (L7) and (W2) outlet for overfall; Another kind is the water out (b of interface (h2) and water cooling heat exchanger (B) ₂) connect, interface (h1) divides two-way, the one tunnel with the water inlet (b of water cooling heat exchanger (B) ₁) join, being connected in series water route check valve (SP1) therebetween, it is to remove (b from (h1) that check valve (SP1) flows to ₁), another road is connected with hot water effluent's valve (W2), and when this connected mode, water storage tank (H) top has additional overfall (h ₃), the outlet of overflow pipe (L7) is connected with the outlet of hot water effluent's valve (W2); Can adorn water level pipe (X) on the tube connector (L4).

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