CN2475641Y

CN2475641Y - Steel rail dynamic deformation measuring device

Info

Publication number: CN2475641Y
Application number: CN 01224941
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯其波
Original assignee: Beijing Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Beijing Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2001-06-04
Filing date: 2001-06-04
Publication date: 2002-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 2011-06-04

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dynamic deformation measuring device for steel rail, the small deformation of steel rail measuring unit 1 of the device consists of a measuring bar 3, a displacement sensor 4 and the corresponding supports 5, 6, and 7. One end of the measuring bar 3 is fixed with the support 5, the other end of the measuring bar 3 is fixed with the displacement sensor 4, the center is supported by the support 7. When vehicle is driving through the measuring unit 1, the displacement sensor 4 directly measures the small changes of the distance between the support 5 and the support 6, then realizes the comprehensive measurement of the parameters such as the weight of the vehicle, the overload, the deviation load and the abrasion of the landing surface of the wheels and so on, the precision of the measurement is high, the rate of mechanical fault is low.

Description

Rail dynamic deformation measurement mechanism

The utility model relates to a kind of rail vehicle fault automatic checkout equipment, is specially adapted in train movement, realizes the isoparametric composite measurement of weight, overload, unbalance loading and wheel tread flat to rail vehicle by the dynamic deformation that detects rail.

Rail vehicle weight and relevant overload of vehicle, unbalance loading thereof are one of important parameters that concerns train operating safety; Train wheel in operational process because the flat sliding that braking and wheel and the rail face factors such as slide relative when turning cause or peel off, make the tread tread rolling circle be string and lack shape (flat partially), in advancing, bring extra impact shock for train, influence the safety and the service life of train and orbital facilities.To overload, unbalance loading and the wheel flat of vehicle, all there is strict control criterion in various countries railway interests, how accurately to measure these parameters in train travelling process, is that domestic and international railway scientific worker generally is concerned about but fails the technical barrier of fine solution.Still the incompetent both at home and abroad at present ways and means of measuring vehicle weight, overload, unbalance loading and wheel flat simultaneously, but the strain-gauge of employing method measuring vehicle weight, overload, unbalance loading or scratch are respectively arranged.This method cardinal principle is to paste strain-gauge on the neutral cross section of rail, is out of shape by the measurement rail and detects vehicle weight, overload, unbalance loading [domestic and international rolling stock weighing technology state of development and countermeasure, Du Runxiang, railway vehicle, 1998 the 3rd phases]; Or detect wheel flat [Lu Rujun (translation), wheel flat checking system, wide iron science and technology, 1994, (2): 28] by measuring the additional deformation that wheel tread flat causes to rail.The major defect of strain-gauge method is that the strain-gauge of pasting on the rail comes off easily, the fault rate height, and strain-gauge reflection is the local strain of rail, survey precision is restricted.

The purpose of this utility model has: provide and measure rail dynamic deformation device, realize the isoparametric composite measurement of vehicle weight, overload, unbalance loading and wheel tread flat by the dynamic deformation that detects rail, and survey precision height, the failure rate of machinery of measurement mechanism is low, and the running velocity of train is unrestricted during measurement; As the patent No.: 96 2 16065.2,00 243380.X, name of design is a kind of aided measurement device of " train wheel flat sliding and wearing and tearing dynamic measurement device ", further improves this patented technology and forecasts abrasive accuracy rate and enlarge its measurement function.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that rail dynamic deformation measurement mechanism is made up of rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit and signal processing unit.Described rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit is made up of measuring staff, displacement pickup and corresponding bearing; One end of described measuring staff and a bearing directly are fixed together by screw thread or other connection mode, and the other end of measuring staff cooperates directly by bonding or axis hole with sensor and is fixed together, and the measuring staff middle part is supported by an auxiliary support; Described auxiliary support can adopt the V-arrangement bearing; When described displacement pickup is touch sensor, the movable gauge head of this sensor directly and another bearing link together by bonding or alternate manner; When described displacement pickup was noncontacting proximity sensor, the measuring surface of this sensor directly faced toward the end face of bearing; Described bearing and auxiliary support are respectively fixed on three identical anchor clamps by bolt or alternate manner, and anchor clamps link together by bolted connection and rail.

The advantage that compared with the prior art the utility model is had: directly adopt the variation of distance between displacement sensor two bearings, with respect to existing strain-gauge method not only survey precision improve greatly, measurement mechanism is easy for installation simultaneously, and failure rate of machinery is low; And can detect vehicle weight, overload, unbalance loading and wheel flat simultaneously, measurement function improves greatly.

The structural representation of Fig. 1 rail dynamic deformation measurement mechanism

The A of Fig. 2 rail dynamic deformation measurement mechanism is to scheme drawing

Fig. 3 rail dynamic deformation measurement mechanism uses the embodiment of non-contact displacement transducer

Among the figure: 1 is rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit, and 2 is signal processing unit, and 3 is measuring staff, and 4 is displacement pickup, and 5,6 is bearing, and 7 is auxiliary support, and 8 is rail, and 9 is wheel, and 10 is anchor clamps.

With the accompanying drawing is that the utility model is described in further detail for embodiment: the structural representation of the rail dynamic deformation measurement mechanism that the utility model provides as shown in Figure 1.Rail dynamic deformation measurement mechanism is made up of rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit 1 and signal processing unit 2.Described rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit 1 is made up of measuring staff 3, displacement pickup 4 and

corresponding bearing

5,6,7; One end of described measuring staff 3 and bearing 5 directly are fixed together by screw thread or other connection mode, and the other end of measuring staff 3 cooperates directly by bonding or axis hole with sensor 4 and is fixed together, and measuring staff 3 middle parts are supported by an auxiliary support 7; Described auxiliary support 7 can adopt the V-arrangement bearing; When described displacement pickup 4 is touch sensor (Fig. 1), the movable gauge head of this sensor directly and bearing 6 link together by bonding or alternate manner; When described displacement pickup 4 is noncontacting proximity sensor (Fig. 2), the measuring surface of this sensor directly faces toward the end face of bearing 6; Described bearing 5,6 and auxiliary support 7 are respectively fixed on three identical anchor clamps 10 by bolt or alternate manner, and anchor clamps 10 link together by bolted connection and rail 8.

Described tangent displacement sensor 3 adopts differential inductor sensors, and it measures axis and rail 8 vertical consistencies, the variation of distance between bearing 5 and the bearing 6 when displacement pickup is directly measured wheel 9 and passed through.Touch sensor also can adopt grating displacement sensor.

For avoiding two wheels to be pressed in simultaneously on the rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit, the distance between two bearings in the rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit (5,6) should be less than the right wheelbase of wheel.

The utility model can also have different embodiments, for example: the non-contact displacement transducer that adopts other type is (as the current vortex type, capacity type etc.) replace the tangent displacement sensor of inductance sensor and so on can obtain same effect, Fig. 2 is another embodiment, this moment, non-contact displacement transducer 4 was an eddy current sensor, one end of eddy current sensor 4 and an end of measuring staff 3 are fixed together, the other end of measuring staff 3 and a bearing 5 are fixed together, the middle part of measuring staff 3 is supported by an auxiliary support 7, and the measuring surface of eddy displacement sensor 4 directly faces toward the metal measuring surface of another bearing 6; The connection mode of bearing and rail has various ways, and is bonding as passing through, or directly connects in the punching of rail neutral cross section.

Principle of measurement of the present utility model is summarized as follows: when certain wheel of rail vehicle rolls on rail, when its tread rolled across rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit 1, displacement pickup 4 was directly measured the subtle change of distance between two bearings 5,6.When no vehicle passes through, the variation of this distance was proportional with the supporting power that should pass through wheel, after all wheels of one joint vehicle pass through, signal processing unit 2 calculates the weight and the overload of this joint vehicle, by the rail dynamic deformation measurement mechanism of installing in rail 8 both sides, signal processing unit 2 can obtain the unbalance loading of this joint vehicle.

When being used for the wheel flat measurement, then two covers or the rail deformation measuring device more than two covers need be installed in rail 8 both sides respectively, for intactly measuring the scratch in the whole tread of each wheel, two covers or two overlap above rail deformation measurement unit 1, and the length measured sum should be more than or equal to the girth of wheel tread along This train is bound for XXX.When wheel 9 passes through rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit 1, if there is not scratch in wheel tread, the output of whole tread girth scope intrinsic displacement sensor is constant relatively, otherwise if there is scratch in this wheel tread, scratch brings additional strain for rail 8, cause the additional variation of relative distance between two

bearings

5,6, displacement pickup 3 can be measured this additional size that changes directly and accurately, can qualitatively be obtained the size of wheel flat amount by signal processing unit 2.With the patent No.: 96 2 16065.2,00 2 43380.X, name of design combines for " train wheel flat sliding and wearing and tearing dynamic measurement device ", can be used as a kind of auxiliary detection technology of this patented technology, obtains to measure abrasive optimum efficiency; When using " train wheel flat sliding and wearing and tearing dynamic measurement device ", have other non-wheel flat factor (as the coal quarrel that falls down on the vehicle, wheel rim defective etc.) bring translation and vibration to parallel-crank mechanism, cause and measure abrasive wrong report, and these non-scratch factors bring any additional signal can for the rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit 1 in the utility model, utilize this point to be easy to cause measurement wrong report phenomenon from result of a measurement, to reject the non-scratch factor that patent " train wheel flat sliding and wearing and tearing dynamic measurement device " exists, utilize the art of this patent can obtain vehicle weight simultaneously, overload, unbalance loading has enlarged the measurement function of patent " train wheel flat sliding and wearing and tearing dynamic measurement device ".

This device is suitable for existing all types rail vehicle is detected, and adapts to train speed scope 0～120Km/h.

Claims

1. rail dynamic deformation measurement mechanism, it comprises: rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit (1) and signal processing unit (2) is characterized in that described rail infinitesimal deformation measuring unit (1) is made up of measuring staff (3), displacement pickup (4) and corresponding bearing (5,6,7); One end of described measuring staff (3) and bearing (5) directly are fixed together by screw thread or other connection mode, the other end of measuring staff (3) cooperates directly by bonding or axis hole with displacement pickup (4) and is fixed together, and measuring staff (3) middle part is supported by an auxiliary support (7); Described bearing (5,6) and auxiliary support (7) are respectively fixed on three identical anchor clamps (10) by bolt or alternate manner, and anchor clamps (10) are connected with rail (8); Described displacement pickup (4) is measured the variation between the bearing 5,6.