CN206656789U - A kind of train dynamic weigher - Google Patents

A kind of train dynamic weigher Download PDF

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CN206656789U
CN206656789U CN201720440786.8U CN201720440786U CN206656789U CN 206656789 U CN206656789 U CN 206656789U CN 201720440786 U CN201720440786 U CN 201720440786U CN 206656789 U CN206656789 U CN 206656789U
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optical
sensor
fiber
optical fiber
grating
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陈立
陈新发
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Red Heart Technology Ltd
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Red Heart Technology Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of train dynamic weigher, and the weighing device includes:Wideband light source, optical fiber, coupler, photo-detector, optical splitter, demodulating equipment, communication system, data processing centre, optical fibre optical grating sensing array;The input of the wideband light source is connected with the data processing centre, and the coupler is connected with the wideband light source, optical fibre optical grating sensing array and detector;The output end of the photo-detector is connected with the optical splitter;18 output channels of the optical splitter are connected to the input channel of the demodulating equipment, and the output channel of the demodulating equipment carries out two-way communication by the communication system and the data processing centre, realizes that transmission data and control device are carried out simultaneously.Using weighing device of the present utility model can carry out dynamic weighing real-time to train, judge train with the presence or absence of overload or unbalance loading phenomenon.

Description

A kind of train dynamic weigher
Technical field
Train dynamic weighing field is the utility model is related to, more particularly to a kind of train dynamic weigher.
Background technology
Railway transportation is the main artery of national economy, and transportation safety is the most important thing of railway transportation.However, due to Economic interests are driven, and railway freight car has the phenomenon of the unreasonable transport such as serious overload, unbalance loading, train for a long time It is long-term to be in overload with unbalance loading state, by badly damaged rail facility, shortening the service life of railway, while also influence fire Car traffic safety;Again because out-of-roundness, polygonization, crackle etc. occurs in the wheel and axle unbalance stress of train, wheel tread Failure, these failures can cause high-frequency percussion to be vibrated, and make the impulsive force increase that rail is vertical, can not only reduce the comfortable of train Property, produces larger noise, and wheel and axle be due to being chronically at fatigue state, off-axis, cuts axle, climbs rail and train is overturned Accident often has generation.So train is weighed and periodically carried out, wheel tread flaw detection has become and worked as to eliminate accident potential The major issue that modern countries in the world are attracted attention jointly.
At present it is most popular railway freight-car is weighed, overloaded, the detection of unbalance loading situation be foundation ditch broken rail detection system System, the system can realize that dynamic bidirectional detects.But the characteristics of due to the system broken rail, train wants speed limit by railway train Vehicle speed increase causes very big obstacle, and system installation is complicated and cost is higher.In recent years, to weighing, overloading and partially The detection technique of load achieves certain development and achievement, especially applies the electric theoretical nothing developed of strain gauge transducer metering Foundation ditch, unceasing axle type weigh, overload and deviation load detection system realizes new breakthrough, and metered rate and measuring accuracy are all very big It is improved in degree.However, the electric strain gauge transducer of tradition is, it is necessary to different electric-type strain transducers respectively to rail Different parts detected, and limited by factors such as position, times.Simultaneously when train is with more than 60,000 ms/h Speed by when, vibration is larger, influences the precision of measurement, and there is sensitivity is low and zero point for traditional electric strain gauge transducer in addition Drift about the problem of big, have larger non-linear under big strain regime, also there is that electromagnetic interference, corrosion resistance are poor, allow to lead to Cross the defects such as speed is low.
The domestic detection to railroad wheel surface at present is largely dependent upon manually, and detection technique falls behind, operating efficiency Low, labor intensity is big, and easily produces artificial detection error, can not quickly, accurately grasp wheel to state, while be not easy to information Management.Another method commonly used of being detected a flaw for wheel tread is magnaflux.Magnetic powder inspection is a kind of detection workpieces table The lossless detection method of planar defect, high sensitivity is characterized in, it is simple to operate.But when for checking wheel, it can only be detected The extremely shallow scope in surface, and sentence wound and manually to carry out, the static state flaw detection by hand of wheel is only applicable in this way.In wheel In the case of not disintegrating, because wheel is blocked by miscellaneous part and rail bottom branch, therefore wheel and its tread are carried out complete Magnetic particle inspection is impossible.Magnaflux is only applicable in wheel factory or larger Lu Nei maintenance factories, before assembling Or the inspection of the wheel after disintegrating, it is generally used to check the surface defect of wheel rim and auxiliary plate.
In summary, for current technology, it is typically all to separate progress that rolling stock, which is weighed with wheel tread flaw detection, And the quick dynamic weighing of vehicle and the flaw detection of dynamic wheel tread are unable to reach, waste time and energy, and cost is higher.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of train dynamic weigher, and the real-time dynamic of train is quickly claimed with realizing The purpose of weight, and realize the effect that real-time wheel tread flaw detection is carried out to train during weighing herein.
To achieve the above object, the utility model provides following scheme:
A kind of train dynamic weigher, is specifically included:Wideband light source, optical fiber, coupler, photo-detector, optical splitter, solution Adjust device, communication system, data processing centre, optical fibre optical grating sensing array;
The input of the wideband light source is connected with the data processing centre, and the data processing centre is used for configuring light The parameter in source;
The output end of the wideband light source is connected with the input of the coupler by optical fiber;
The coupled end of the coupler is linked together with the optical fibre optical grating sensing array by the optical fiber;The light Fine grating sensing array is passed by N number of fiber grating trigger sensor, N number of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, N number of optical fiber raster vibration Sensor forms;
The output end of the coupler is connected with the input of the photo-detector;
The output end of the photo-detector is connected with the optical splitter;
18 output channels of the optical splitter are connected to the input channel of the demodulating equipment, the demodulation dress The output channel put carries out two-way communication by the communication system and the data processing centre, realizes transmission data and control Equipment is carried out simultaneously.
Optionally, the optical fibre optical grating sensing array specifically includes:2 fiber grating trigger sensors, 8 fiber gratings Strain transducer, 8 optical fiber raster vibration sensors;
The fiber grating trigger sensor, the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and the optical fiber raster vibration sensor Between be attached by optical fiber.
Optionally, the optical fibre optical grating sensing array specifically includes:
2 fiber grating trigger sensors are separately mounted to the inner side of two rail bottom branch, form starter;
Every 2 fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are one group, and a fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is arranged on one On the outside of the branch of bar rail bottom, another described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is arranged on the outside of another rail bottom branch, two institutes The line of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is stated perpendicular to a wherein rail;
Every 2 optical fiber raster vibration sensors are one group, and an optical fiber raster vibration sensor is arranged on one On the inside of the branch of bar rail bottom, another described optical fiber raster vibration sensor is arranged on the inner side of another rail bottom branch, two institutes The line of optical fiber raster vibration sensor is stated perpendicular to a wherein rail.
Optionally, the optical fibre optical grating sensing array specifically includes:
Line between the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and the optical fiber raster vibration sensor is perpendicular to wherein one Bar rail.
According to specific embodiment provided by the utility model, the utility model discloses following technique effect:This practicality is new Type determines whether that train passes through using fiber grating trigger sensor, train is carried out using fiber Bragg grating strain sensor high Fast dynamic weighing, judge whether train occurs overloading or the phenomenon of unbalance loading, realized using optical fiber raster vibration sensor to train Wheel tread detects and damage tread positioning, moreover it is possible to which the information returned according to multiple optical fiber raster vibration sensors is to train Travel speed is measured in real time.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art In the required accompanying drawing used be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only of the present utility model Some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can also basis These accompanying drawings obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment weighting device structure figure;
Fig. 2 is that the single sensor of the utility model embodiment installs profile.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is carried out Clearly and completely describing, it is clear that described embodiment is only the utility model part of the embodiment, rather than whole Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made The every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of train dynamic weigher, can realize quick to the real-time dynamic of train The purpose weighed.
To enable above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model, feature and advantage more obvious understandable, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and tool Body embodiment is described in further detail to the utility model.
Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment weighting device structure figure, as shown in figure 1, a kind of train dynamic weigher, tool Body includes:Wideband light source 1, optical fiber 2, optical fibre optical grating sensing array 3, coupler 4, photo-detector 5, optical splitter 6, demodulating equipment 7, Communication system 8, data processing centre 9;
The input of the wideband light source 1 is connected with the data processing centre 9, and the data processing centre 9 is used for matching somebody with somebody Put the parameter of light source;The output end of the wideband light source 1 is connected with the input of the coupler 4 by optical fiber 2;The coupling The coupled end of device 4 is linked together with the optical fibre optical grating sensing array 3 by the optical fiber 2;The optical fiber grating sensing battle array Row 3 are by N number of fiber grating trigger sensor, N number of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, N number of optical fiber raster vibration Sensor group into;The output end of the coupler 4 is connected with the input of the photo-detector 5;The output of the photo-detector 5 End is connected with the optical splitter 6;18 output channels of the optical splitter 6 are connected to the input of the demodulating equipment 7 Passage, the output channel of the demodulating equipment 7 carry out two-way communication by the communication system 8 and the data processing centre 9, Realize that transmission data and control device are carried out simultaneously.
Weighing device in the utility model is portable set, is not limited by place, rail is had no effect, convenient Maintenance and management;High speed dynamic weighing can be realized, railway traffic is influenceed very small;The utility model device not only can be with simultaneously Dynamic weighing, it can also realize that dynamic wheel tread is detected a flaw, more ensure railway operation safety;The demodulation of the utility model device Instrument belongs to high speed (FBG) demodulator, can measure and demodulate simultaneously multiple physical parameters, including train weight, unbalance loading situation, wheel pedal Facial cleft line, out-of-roundness, polygonization equivalent damage, train shaft is practical away from, the speed of service etc. parameter, cost-effective, and Communication module is embedded with (FBG) demodulator, can be with real-time Transmission metrical information;The device is installed and removed very quick and convenient, it is only necessary to One staff, greatlys save manpower;The software analysis system of the device can in real time analysis measurement arrive it is various Physical quantity, and send analysis result to train controlling center in real time, so that train controlling center carries out train pipe in time Reason and control;Device can effectively be reduced or even eliminated because temperature and running velocity are to measure shadow caused by remaining parameter Ring.
In actual applications, the optical fibre optical grating sensing array specifically includes:2 fiber grating trigger sensors, 8 light Fiber grating strain transducer, 8 optical fiber raster vibration sensors;The fiber grating trigger sensor, the fiber grating should Become between sensor and the optical fiber raster vibration sensor and be attached by optical fiber, can be gone here and there per two adjacent sensors Multiplexing is connect on an optical fiber;2 fiber grating trigger sensors are separately mounted to the inner side of two rail bottom branch, form Starter;Every 2 fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are one group, and a fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is arranged on one On the outside of the branch of bar rail bottom, another described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is arranged on the outside of another rail bottom branch, two institutes The line of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is stated perpendicular to a wherein rail;Every 2 optical fiber raster vibration sensors are one Group, an optical fiber raster vibration sensor are arranged on the inside of a rail bottom branch, and another described optical fiber raster vibration passes Sensor is arranged on the inner side of another rail bottom branch, and the line of two optical fiber raster vibration sensors is perpendicular to wherein one Rail;Line between the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and the optical fiber raster vibration sensor is perpendicular to a wherein iron Rail;The every 2 symmetrical fiber Bragg grating strain sensors and every 2 symmetrical optical fiber raster vibration sensors form one Individual sensor group;Between the distance between every two adjacent sensor groups are equal between the two neighboring wheel shaft of the railway carriage Away from.
Wherein, fiber-optic grating sensor 3-1,3-2 ..., 3-17 and 3-18 form optical fibre optical grating sensing array;Optical fiber light Gate sensor 3-1,3-2 are two fiber grating trigger sensors, are used as the beginning that starter is arranged on detection zone; Fiber-optic grating sensor 3-3 ..., 3-10 be fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, for train carry out high speed dynamic weighing;Light Fiber grating sensor 3-11 ..., 3-18 be optical fiber raster vibration sensor, for realize wheel tread detection and damage tread Positioning, can also realize the measurement to train vibration influence speed.This 18 sensors form detection zone of the present utility model, its It is characterised by that they have different reflection wavelengths, it is preferred that detection zone can be equal to the length in train whole compartment.
Fiber grating trigger sensor 3-1 and 3-2 are clipped in the inner side of the bottom branch part of left and right rail 11, structure in the form of symmetrical Into starter, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 3-3 and 3-7 are clipped in the outside of left and right rail bottom branch part, light in symmetrical fashion Fine grating vibration sensor 3-11 and 3-15 are clipped in the left and right rail bottom branch part with 3-3 and 3-7 correspondence positions in symmetrical fashion Inner side, they form first sensor group, similarly, 3-4,3-8,3-12,3-16 form second sensor group, 3-5,3- 9,3-13,3-17 form the 3rd sensor group, 3-6,3-10, and 3-14,3-18 form the 4th sensor group, per two neighboring The distance between sensor group is the spacing between the every two neighboring wheel shaft 10 in whole compartment.
Concrete operation step is:
1) sensor array is installed as requested, and data processing centre 9 controls the light source of high speed (FBG) demodulator to be adopted by specific Sample frequency sends light wave;
2) when train passes through, sensor array gathered data, the information (wavelength shift that each sensor will collect Amount) it is reflected back by optical fiber 2 in the demodulation transposition 7 of high speed (FBG) demodulator;
3) demodulating equipment 7 can go out each fiber Bragg grating strain sensor reflection in optical fibre optical grating sensing array with Real-time demodulation The wavelength shift returned, and wavelength shift is converted into axle weight information and every by being integrated with the software analysis system of algorithm Individual wheel loading information.Four axle weight information superpositions can measure train load-carrying, contrast train car loading ga(u)ge to judge fire Whether car overloads, each wheel loading information can be used for judge train whether unbalance loading.
4) demodulating equipment 7 can go out each optical fiber raster vibration sensor reflection in optical fibre optical grating sensing array with Real-time demodulation The wavelength shift returned, and wavelength shift is converted into shaking for each wheel by the software analysis system by being integrated with algorithm Dynamic waveform, whether decision threshold is exceeded to carry out detecting flaw of wheel according to the frequency of vibration, different vibrational waveforms can represent not Same wheel damage, the type of wheel damage is judged with this;When wheel passes through optical fiber raster vibration sensor, sensor is adopted Collect signal, when wheel is without optical fiber raster vibration sensor, sensor does not gather signal, it is possible to according to what is collected The time interval of signal, the road speed of train is calculated in conjunction with wheelbase information.
5) information after demodulating can be sent to the data processing centre of train controlling center in real time by communication system 8 9, realize remote control and management;
6) there are the software systems of our independent developments, the letter that can be collected to high speed (FBG) demodulator in data processing centre 9 Breath analyzes and processes in real time, and this software systems is simple to operate, and staff can quickly grasp its usage, so as to accurately detect and claim It is measured again whether in normal range (NR), conveniently instructs on-site personnel to take corresponding measure.
Fig. 2 is that the single sensor of the utility model embodiment installs profile, as shown in Fig. 2 rail 11, support base 12nd, rotatable screw 13;
The support base 12 has two grooves of size;Big groove matches with rail bottom branch, and little groove is used for Fixed sensor, the sensor shake including fiber grating trigger sensor, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and fiber grating Dynamic sensor;The support base top has circular hole, and the bottom branch of the rail 11 is fixed for the rotatable screw 13.
Exemplified by propping up interior outside all situations (such as 3-3 and 3-11) of installation fiber-optic grating sensor by single rail bottom, such as Fig. 2 Shown, the bottom branch of rail 11 herein is the profile of rail 11 in Fig. 1.This figure is by fiber-optic grating sensor 3-3 ... ..., 3- 18 are referred to as the support base that sensor 3,12 is sensor 3, are a rotatable spiral shells for protecting and fixing sensor 3,13 Silk, it is used for the base 12 equipped with sensor 3 being fixed on the bottom branch part of rail 11, support base 12 and rotatable screw 13 An instrument for being similar to fixture is formed, together with sensor 3 is brought into close contact with the bottom branch of rail 11, while is conveniently torn open Dress, the method for interior outside install sensor are consistent.It can join for fiber grating trigger sensor 3-1 or 3-2 installation method According to the method in Fig. 2, but only select to install on the inside of the branch of rail bottom.
This mounting means can more easily install or remove sensor, high compared to cost in the prior art, function list For one method of detection or device, it is more convenient to carry, saves manpower, the information that Real-time demodulation and transmission measurement arrive to train control Center processed, largely ensures train traffic safety.
In actual applications, the optical fibre optical grating sensing array is arranged on track for a train, the wideband light source, the coupling Clutch, the photo-detector, the optical splitter, the demodulating equipment, the communication system and the data processing centre are not Install at the scene.
In real life, there are two bogies, four wheels pair in common compartment, so a section compartment shares eight wheels. Be fitted with a pair of fiber-optic grating sensors in the rail bottom branch of each wheel bottom, be respectively fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and Optical fiber raster vibration sensor, therefore eight wheel weights and wheel condition can be realized while measured.When vehicle travels from left to right, When will reach detection zone, stress signal is experienced by a pair of fiber grating trigger sensors 3-1 and 3-2 of foremost, System is set to learn that vehicle will pass through detection zone, then the fiber-optic grating sensor in other four fiber-optic grating sensor groups Start working, the branch strain of rail bottom and vibration when passing through to vehicle are detected in real time, every a pair of optical fiber grating vibration sensors Device can continuous acquisition the tread vibration information through wheel, the detection zones of four pairs of optical fiber raster vibration sensors can cover whole The tread of all wheels in compartment is saved, will can realize that wheel tread is detected a flaw after all vibration information fusions;When last two pairs of light When fiber grating strain transducer experiences strain signal, illustrate that whole section compartment overlaps with detection zone just, this moment four pairs of optical fiber Grating strain transducer while measuring strain information, realize that eight wheel weight same times measure.When fiber grating trigger sensor When not experiencing signal, whole sensor-based system does not work, and can so increase the service life of our devices.
High sample frequency demodulating equipment, it is realize dynamic weighing and vibration measurement basic.Detecting flaw of wheel can be according to visitor Family demand periodic detection, without carrying out carrying out flaw detection every time, increase the service life of optical fiber raster vibration sensor with this.
The utility model can realize high speed dynamic weighing, while integrate the multiple functions such as detecting flaw of wheel;It is portable Equipment, easy disassembly, save manpower;The information that Real-time demodulation and transmission measurement arrive largely is protected to train controlling center Hinder train traffic safety.
The application can realize following technique effect for the problems of the prior art:
1) for the problem of cost is high in the prior art
Core component of the present utility model includes several fiber-optic grating sensors and a high-speed multiple channel (FBG) demodulator, cost It is low, service life length, substantially without later maintenance.Quick and convenient, saving human cost is installed.
2) for the problem of function is single in the prior art
The utility model gathers multi -function in integral whole, including can dynamically measure train simultaneously and weigh, and overloads, unbalance loading, car The information such as wheel flaw detection, train speed measurement.
3) for non-portable problem in the prior art
The utility model is portable set, and maintenance and management is easy in easy disassembly, and application scenario is not limited to.
4) for high speed dynamic weighing problem can not be realized
(FBG) demodulator in the utility model is high-speed multiple channel (FBG) demodulator, and sample frequency can be adjusted according to the actual requirements Whole, the demodulating algorithm that high sample frequency combination can reach real-time can realize high speed dynamic weighing problem well.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, what each embodiment stressed be and other The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.
Specific case used herein is set forth to principle of the present utility model and embodiment, above example Explanation be only intended to help and understand method and its core concept of the present utility model;Meanwhile for the general technology of this area Personnel, according to thought of the present utility model, there will be changes in specific embodiments and applications.In summary, This specification content should not be construed as to limitation of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of train dynamic weigher, it is characterised in that specifically include:Wideband light source, optical fiber, coupler, photo-detector, Optical splitter, demodulating equipment, communication system, data processing centre, optical fibre optical grating sensing array;
The input of the wideband light source is connected with the data processing centre, and the data processing centre is used for configuring light source Parameter;
The output end of the wideband light source is connected with the input of the coupler by optical fiber;
The coupled end of the coupler is linked together with the optical fibre optical grating sensing array by the optical fiber;The optical fiber light Grid sensor array is by N number of fiber grating trigger sensor, N number of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, N number of optical fiber raster vibration sensor Composition;
The output end of the coupler is connected with the input of the photo-detector;
The output end of the photo-detector is connected with the optical splitter;
18 output channels of the optical splitter are connected to the input channel of the demodulating equipment, the demodulating equipment Output channel carries out two-way communication by the communication system and the data processing centre, realizes transmission data and control device Carry out simultaneously.
2. weighing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the optical fibre optical grating sensing array specifically includes:2 Fiber grating trigger sensor, 8 fiber Bragg grating strain sensors, 8 optical fiber raster vibration sensors;
Between the fiber grating trigger sensor, the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and the optical fiber raster vibration sensor It is attached by optical fiber.
3. weighing device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the optical fibre optical grating sensing array specifically includes:
2 fiber grating trigger sensors are separately mounted to the inner side of two rail bottom branch, form starter;
Every 2 fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are one group, and a fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is arranged on an iron On the outside of flange of rail branch, another described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is arranged on the outside of another rail bottom branch, two light The line of fiber grating strain transducer is perpendicular to a wherein rail;
Every 2 optical fiber raster vibration sensors are one group, and an optical fiber raster vibration sensor is arranged on an iron On the inside of flange of rail branch, another described optical fiber raster vibration sensor is arranged on the inner side of another rail bottom branch, two light The line of fine grating vibration sensor is perpendicular to a wherein rail.
4. weighing device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the optical fibre optical grating sensing array specifically includes:
Line between the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and the optical fiber raster vibration sensor is perpendicular to a wherein iron Rail.
CN201720440786.8U 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 A kind of train dynamic weigher Active CN206656789U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109084869A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-25 桂林电子科技大学 High-precision optical fiber balance system
CN110108340A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-08-09 西北铁道电子股份有限公司 A kind of automobile dynamically weighing device
CN110817485A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-21 天地科技股份有限公司 Anti-unbalance-loading system and method for throwing type unloading of railway loading station

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109084869A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-25 桂林电子科技大学 High-precision optical fiber balance system
CN109084869B (en) * 2018-08-01 2023-12-19 桂林电子科技大学 High-precision fiber optic balance system
CN110108340A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-08-09 西北铁道电子股份有限公司 A kind of automobile dynamically weighing device
CN110108340B (en) * 2019-06-04 2024-03-22 西北铁道电子股份有限公司 Dynamic weighing device for automobile
CN110817485A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-21 天地科技股份有限公司 Anti-unbalance-loading system and method for throwing type unloading of railway loading station

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