CN2417515Y - Calculator with counting means - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a calculator with counting means, which comprises a frame, calculating beads, calculating bead posts, moving cards and fixed cards. The frame adopts a splicing structure or an integral structure. Each post is provided with 18 to 20 calculating beads which are divided into four groups, one group comprises five beads, and different groups are distinguished by different colors. The utility model used as a direct viewing teaching aid can be used for the counting learning, the decomposition and the composition of numbers, the plus-minus calculation within ten, the high-order digit plus-minus calculation with carry and bit subtraction and the multiply divide within the table during the learning of children.

Description

Count calculator

The utility model belongs to teaching aid, is suitable for children and learns counting and calculating.

At present, being used for the teaching aid that children learn to count calculating in kindergarten and primary school respectively has weak point, makees teaching aid with material objects such as stone, little rod, the scraps of paper, plastic sheets and uses inconvenience, is difficult for keeping, and the notice of easily disperseing children to learn.Because being subjected to the capacity of short-term memory is the restriction of 7 ± 2 chunks, the material object that children are difficult to just recognize more than 7 at a glance comes, thereby the plus-minus that inconvenience is used to learn more than 7 calculates.At present the shortcoming of counter commonly used is that every bar generally has only 10 beads on the classroom, and mostly is and laterally dials pearl, is applicable to that therefore counting and 7 calculates with interior plus-minus, and inconvenience is used for particularly having more than 7 the plus-minus calculating of advance and retreat position.Traditional Abacus for calculation is top 1～2 pearl, below 4～5 pearls, be five carry system counting (broken 5 calculate) and 10 scales (broken 10 calculating) and deposit, as infant mathematics teaching aid, more abstract, increase the difficulty that number concept is understood, thereby be not suitable for basic counting and the calculating of the children mathmatics study period of enlightenment.

The purpose of this utility model provides and a kind ofly both can be used for children and learn counting and 10 and calculate with interior plus-minus, and the count calculator of multiplication and division in the seniority plus-minus calculating of advance and retreat position and the learning table can be arranged as children's study again.

For achieving the above object, count calculator of the present utility model adopts following solution: comprise framework, bead and bead bar, it is characterized in that: vertical, answer at frame upper side and bead pole pair indicate respectively from right to left on the position, numerical digits such as ten, hundred, thousand, ten thousand, being installed with the bead more than 18 or 18 on each bead bar, is the best with 20; Per from top to bottom 5 of every bar bead is divided into one group, distinguishes with color, shape, as 5 green, 5 red, 5 Huangs, 5 indigo plants; 5 white for another example, 5 black, 5 white, 5 black; 5 big for another example, 5 little, 5 big, 5 little; 5 oblate for another example, 5 prismatics, 5 oblate, five prismatics; It is four groups that 20 pearls are divided into.

The said counting counter is characterized in that: be provided with active card and laterally be stuck on the bead bar or the framework both sides, count calculator can be divided into two parts arbitrarily.

The said counting counter is characterized in that: be provided with the two or more supporting with it cards that can fix and laterally be stuck on the bead bar or the framework both sides, can be separated out one or more little traditional Abacus for calculation on count calculator.

Another solution of said counting counter is to be designed to simple form: comprising bead and bead bar or chain, be installed with the bead more than 18 or 18 on bead bar or the chain, is the best with 20; Per 5 of bead is divided into one group, distinguishes with color, shape facility, as 5 green, 5 red, 5 Huangs, 5 indigo plants; 5 white for another example, 5 black, 5 white, 5 black; 5 big for another example, 5 little, 5 big, 5 little; 5 oblate for another example, 5 prismatics, 5 oblate, 5 prismatics; It is four groups that 20 pearls are divided into.

The utility model count calculator, the material of its framework, bead and card is not limit, and as plastics, timber, metal etc., is the best with plastics and timber.The material of its bead bar is not limit yet, and as rung silk, bonding jumper, waddy, sticking plaster etc. voluntarily, is the best with bicycle width of cloth silk and bonding jumper.Its assembly structure is not limit, as can adopting connected structure, and assembly structure such as one-piece construction or bonding, welding, riveted joint, screw connection.Be the best wherein with plug in construction and one-piece construction.In the inserting mode assembly structure, the side frames parallel with the bead bar is with being connected in the plug button mode mutually with the bottom side with the vertical top side of bead bar.Firmly insert the top side that has opening respectively as the side frames that top and bottom is all had small embossment and become as a whole framework with the bottom side, bonnet supporting with it in this structure also can be pegged graft by the same manner, make the lid shape and be buckled in the framework back side, play and beautify and reinforcement effect.Respectively there are some apertures top side and bottom side in this structure, use with fixing bead bar.Adopt one-piece construction, but whole framework one-shot forming is as a whole.Respectively there are some apertures the top side of framework and bottom side, for fixing bead bar usefulness, or make in addition in the groove that two personality cards insert top sides and bottom side reservation the bead bar is fixed.Its bead shape is not limit, as circular, square, prismatic, triangle, polygon etc.It is the best that children have the ball of an aperture with bead on the subtotal figure counter with the centre.The teacher is with being the best with bead with the hollow ball of interior band elastic wire folder on the big count calculator.Its active card and fixing card-likely also do not limit are principle laterally to be stuck on the bead bar or laterally to be stuck on the side frames of framework, as make the big pectination card in the young end and be stuck on the bead bar, and the active card opening is bigger to be snapped in and extract out easily.Fixedly the A/F of card is smaller, can firmly be stuck on the bead bar, is difficult for extracting out and moving.

Because counter of the present utility model has comprised the above-mentioned functions parts, adopted said structure, thereby not only have present use counter counting and calculate 10 functions of calculating with interior plus-minus, but also had the not available many unique functions of other mathematics teaching aids.For example: the decomposition and combination of number is demonstrated and learnt in (1) easily.As when learning 6 decomposition and combination, earlier five bars of little counter are all dialled last six pearls, block (seeing accompanying drawing 2) with active card then, first bar is dialled next pearl from left to right, second bar is dialled down two pearls ... the 5th bar is dialled down five pearls, so just can clearly show several decomposition and combination forms of 6.Bead on the subtotal figure counter can also be upset and dial, cover half and allow children guess the bead number that is covered, practise 6 decomposition and combination with this according to half bead of seen.(2) by dialling the mode of pearl by the group, the decomposition and combination of study number.As after having learnt 4 decomposition and combination, can allow children practise 4 pearls is that pearl is dialled continuously on one group of ground, needn't say cumulative number, will occur various groups of methods such as 4 green, 1 green 3 red, 2 red 2 Huangs, 3 yellow 1 indigo plants like this, by dialling the pearl mode by the group, the decomposition and combination (see figure 3) that children can very fast grasp number.(3) can be as the true sight teaching aid of study advance and retreat position.It is a difficult point that children learn arithmetic advance and retreat position, this count calculator is because per 5 of bead on every bar is divided into one group, make children through training, can a glance accurately recognize and transfer to 20, make study intuitively have the plus-minus of advance and retreat position to become possibility with interior any pearl number.Before the plus-minus method of study advance and retreat position, at first teach the notion that children grasp numerical digit, the position of study advance and retreat then plus-minus method.As 7+8, (see figure 4) is dialled 7 pearls earlier in individual position, dial 8 pearls again, and at this moment a position presents 15 pearls.Then 10 pearls of individual position are dialled, dial last 1 pearl for ten, the carry principle in the arithmetic just is presented in face of the children intuitively.Equally, study is borrowed a position with ten 1 pearl when giving up the throne, and just ten down 1, individual position is last 10, and subtracting 7 as a 15-7 (see figure 5) position 5, to subtract Xiang Shiwei (ten 1 pearl) the down individual position of borrowing 1 inadequately last 10, at this moment individual is 15 pearls, just can subtract 7.(and with traditional rechoning by the abacus religion advance and retreat position, too abstract, children are difficult for understanding).(4) multiplication and division in the learning table:, demonstrate the multiplication and division ratio juris intuitively as with methods such as pendulum square formations.(5) can check that the student grasps the checking tool easily of counting situation as the teacher.The teacher is separated out the subtotal figure device of a required grasp counting sum with active card with counter according to student's degree, allow the student count after, quote sum.

The result of study of world-renowned preschool education scholar Montessori shows, the sensitive periods that the child understands number concept is four, between five years old.World-renowned cognitive theory scholar Pi Yajie studies show that, children learn arithmetic must just can reach abstract computing through concrete operation.

Count calculator of the present utility model is not only specialized abstract numeral, makes children visible, and is tangible, easily understanding, and good the grasp, and can be by demonstrating out specific to abstract process, simultaneously owing to it portably uses conveniently, is convenient to use on the classroom.As sensitive periods the method, the teaching aid training of understanding number concept children, children might firmly grasp number concept in the normal instructional blocks of time fully before, and association ten thousand is with interior plus-minus written calculation, and hundred with interior mental arithmetic and the interior multiplication and division of table.

In addition, dial the pearl training method owing to use, require children's hand, eye, one in brain to move, children's trick brain is coordinated, resourceful, notice is concentrated, and can also improve children's observation simultaneously, and notice and inferential capability make left and right sides brain balance.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is described in further detail.

Figure 1A, count calculator four look bead whole structure figure.Framework shown in the figure is pressed into for integral body, and five apertures are respectively left in top, bottom, uses for the fixing bar of calculating.Five bars are arranged, and every bar is installed with 20 beads, is divided into four looks, and for green, red, yellow, blue, per 5 beads are one group.Figure acceptance of the bid 1 is a framework, and mark 2 is the bead bar, and mark 3 is beads.

Figure 1B, the whole structure figure that count calculator black and white bead is alternate.

Fig. 2 A, Fig. 2 B, 6 the decomposition and combination exercise demonstration graph that is separated out that 6 beads do with active card.Figure acceptance of the bid 4 is an active card.

Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B, 4 pearls are pressed the group for one group and are dialled the pearl demonstration graph.

Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, the carry addition demonstration graph.

Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B, the subtraction demonstration graph of giving up the throne.

Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, the common Abacus for calculation that is separated out with fixing card.Figure acceptance of the bid 5 is fixing card.

Fig. 7 A, the simple and easy embodiment of the utility model is installed with 20 beads with a bar, is divided into green, red, yellow, Lan Sise, and per 5 pearls are one group.

Fig. 7 B is installed with 20 beads with a bar, is divided into black, white dichromatism, and per 5 pearls are one group.

Fig. 8 A, another simple and easy embodiment of the utility model is installed with 20 pearls with a chain, is divided into green, red, yellow, Lan Sise, and per 5 pearls are one group.

Fig. 8 B is installed with 20 pearls with a chain, is divided into black, white dichromatism, and per 5 pearls are one group.

Fig. 9, the fixedly card and the active card of count calculator.

Claims (4)

1, count calculator, comprise framework, bead and bead bar, it is characterized in that: vertical, answer at frame upper side and bead pole pair indicate respectively from right to left on the position, numerical digits such as ten, hundred, thousand, ten thousand, being installed with the bead more than 18 or 18 on each bead bar, is the best with 20; Per from top to bottom 5 of every bar bead is divided into one group, distinguishes with color, shape, as 5 green, 5 red, 5 Huangs, 5 indigo plants; 5 white for another example, 5 black, 5 white, 5 black; 5 big for another example, 5 little, 5 big, 5 is little; 5 oblate for another example, rib more than 5, five oblate, ribs more than 5; It is four groups that 20 pearls are divided into.

2, count calculator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with active card and laterally be stuck on the bead bar or the framework both sides.

3, according to claim 1 and 2 described count calculators, it is characterized in that: be provided with the two or more supporting with it cards that can fix and laterally be stuck on the bead bar or the framework both sides, can on count calculator, be separated out one or more little traditional Abacus for calculation.

4, count calculator according to claim 1 can adopt simple form, and simple and easy count calculator comprises bead and bead bar or chain, it is characterized in that: being installed with the bead more than 18 or 18 on bead bar or the chain, is the best with 20; Per 5 of bead is divided into one group, uses color differentiating, as 5 green, 5 red, 5 Huangs, 5 indigo plants; 5 white for another example, 5 black, 5 white, 5 black; 5 big for another example, 5 little, 5 big, 5 little; 5 oblate for another example, rib more than 5,5 oblate, ribs more than 5; It is four groups that 20 pearls are divided into.

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