CN2407568Y - Primary threshing rice and wheat harvester - Google Patents
Primary threshing rice and wheat harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN2407568Y CN2407568Y CN 98212103 CN98212103U CN2407568Y CN 2407568 Y CN2407568 Y CN 2407568Y CN 98212103 CN98212103 CN 98212103 CN 98212103 U CN98212103 U CN 98212103U CN 2407568 Y CN2407568 Y CN 2407568Y
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Abstract
The utility model provides a primary threshing rice and wheat harvester, which has various types. A threshing device at the lower part of the utility model is provided with at least one threshing implement of which shaft is breadthways laid or perpendicularly laid, the ring circumference face of each threshing implement is provided with threshing striking teeth which are protrusive outward, the threshing striking teeth all are gullet teeth, or parts of the threshing striking teeth are gullet teeth. Each gullet tooth is provided with a protrusion with a little side direction geometric component or an arris of protrusive part or a tooth slope formed by a face and a tooth hook. The threshing implement can hook the ear part of primary rice and wheat, and can control rice and wheat at easy collected tooth district at the upper part of the threshing implement to complete threshing in one step, so the utility model has the advantages of small loss for harvest, few process, high efficiency, energy saving and handiness. The different types of the utility model can be suitable for the requirement of different operating conditions.
Description
The utility model relates to a kind of primary threshing rice wheat harvester tool.
Traditional combine is many because of operation, the feeding processing capacity big due to, its mechanism is numerous and jumbled, heaviness and cost, power consumption occupy high-leveled and difficult down.Knownly exempt to cut or the threshing prior to cutting rice wheat harvester, the direct comb-threshing-type or the hitting of additional intake mechanism that no matter are no feeding unit are taken off formula, because of its threshing position partially before and the shortcoming that is difficult to overcome below too short the existence between threshing zone: 1), the seed deviate from splashes forward and be difficult to effective collection too much, percent of loss is big: 2), the pace of complete machine is difficult to improve, pretends that already work efficiency is low under the prerequisite that guarantees through threshing; 3), the threshing ability mainly relies on large impact power and causes disconnected fringe and percentage of impurity height, a large amount of answering taken off and cleaned and cause complete machine structure still more numerous and more jumbled, power consumption and cost are still higher.
For overcoming above-mentioned shortcoming, the purpose of this utility model provides the primary threshing rice wheat harvester of multiclass, its thrasher can draw primary straw hook and be controlled at the top of self and carry out threshing, this thrasher is simple in structure, long between threshing zone, the work efficiency height, low in energy consumption, disconnected fringe and contain assorted fewly, the seed of deviating from is easy to collect; Adopt simple, light, the cheap and operation work efficiency height of general structure of all kinds of primary threshing rice wheat harvester of this thrasher, power consumption is few, dissimilar reaping machines can adapt to the objective requirement that different terrain, road, field size and soil are done harvest operation conditions such as wetting, helps penetration and promotion and uses.
Below introduce the technical solution of all kinds of primary threshing rice wheat harvester of thrasher and this thrasher of employing respectively.
One, thrasher
The thrasher that the utility model adopts at least can be horizontal in the preceding bottom of the harvesting apparatus of its reaping machine, the technical scheme of its single thrasher is: it have numerous threshings hit tooth (abbreviate as and hit tooth) and can be driven and carry threshing hit tooth around or along with at least can be horizontal, the carrier of the single or many parallel axes work ring Zhou Yundong of basic horizontal, hit on the outer peripheral face of carrier that tooth is fixed on certain axial width and protruding certain length, have between the denticle of denticle some circumferentially or basic circumferentially be communicated with deposit the stalk space, be also referred to as annular and deposit the stalk passage, the outer peripheral face of carrier can contact primary straw waist in the track plane of its simple ring Zhou Yundong the stalk working face of going into is an arcwall face, and the work traffic direction of described ring Zhou Yundong makes and is in arc and goes into hitting on the teeth directional of stalk working face place and move; It is characterized in that, it is briar tooth that numerous threshings of described thrasher are hit tooth all or part of, the denticle of described briar tooth has at least one and has certain side direction (promptly axially) projection of geometric component or the part of stretching out at least one side of its building ring week direction of motion, abbreviate extended portion or projection as, be called outer projection from carrier projection far away; Stretching between the denticle that is adjacent of end of projection has into the stalk gap, and this gap has at work allows primary straw enter the unobstructed property that it deposits the bar passage accordingly unobstructedly; The outer projection of briar tooth is arranged in described each periphery of depositing the stalk passage; At least outer rib or the face of close himself track ring in the outer projection that lateral geometric component is bigger forms the tooth slope, and the tendency and the gradient of tooth slope faceted pebble can make the primary straw of suppressing on it be easy to slip into the described stalk passage of depositing by its tooth top side; The axial width of tooth top is less to be beneficial to insert primary straw clump crack; Form hook near interior rib or the face of himself track ring in the outer projection, the tendency of hook faceted pebble and the gradient make this hook can the hook pressure enter the straw that this deposits the stalk passage from going into the stalk gap in it deposits the stalk passage under its corresponding work linear velocity at least; At least the end of stretching of the outer projection of briar tooth is adjacent described between the denticle and goes into the stalk gap except that having described unobstructed property, also has the so-called one-way that makes primary straw only import but no export; Each long-pending size in effective cross section of depositing the stalk deposited of stalk passage can hold at least in its corresponding results fabric width this enter and do not recess as yet all keep in straw.
At least the one-way that the stalk gap has stalk at work that enters that the end place is stretched in the outer projection of described briar tooth refers to: do not have at above the thresher or rear under the working condition on additional threshing part crosspiece straw top; The thresher energy so that every its waist from enter the stalk working face enter deposit the stalk passage whole straws at least can by the hook of a plurality of outer projections in succession the hook pressure surface make straw top make its fringe section before threshing is complete, be controlled at this thresher by hook to be hit threshing than depositing the stalk passage of top threshing zone with the movement locus of hook is crooked, and the top that makes at least its fringe section hit the straw of threshing does not have chance is stretched end from each outer projection the performance that rebounds away fully in the stalk gap that enters again.
The rigidity briar tooth that described single briar tooth is the rigidity disjunctor or in work is stressed elastic deformation's distortion briar tooth, described unobstructed property of going into the stalk gap that is made of described rigidity briar tooth and one-way function can be by relative and relate to the gabarit shape of briar tooth and the geometric parameter of spatial distribution was realized with appropriate cooperation of the active line speed of briar tooth; Described elastic deformation's briar tooth can adopt elasticity and/or centrifugal distortion briar tooth at least, at least be that elasticity is connected and/or is hinged between the outer projection of such briar tooth and its tooth body, the direction of its elastic force and/or the direction of its hinge axis make the straw elastic force pressure that its outer projection is suffered at work at least, hit counter-force, deformable or displacement in the change procedure of making a concerted effort of power such as centrifugal force of self and/or elastic force and make its stretch end relatively its tooth body produce displacement and the described effective width of going into the stalk gap that makes that it stretches distolateral limit can be regulated automatically with the change of the elastic force pressure of straw, thereby make it be easier to have into unobstructed property of bar and one-way function.
Hitting tooth and can all adopt the briar tooth that has only outer projection in thrasher, but hit the chance of threshing and accelerated threshing in order to increase crop fringe portion, do not influencing under the condition of briar tooth to the importing of straw and hook compression functions, but also can set up the additional tooth that hits in the stalk passage depositing of each threshing.For example: can add the shaft-like tooth that hits at each circumferential interval of depositing the discrete briar tooth tooth body of stalk passage both sides; The various teeth that hit tooth can add on one's body have a lateral geometric component hit tooth for a short time, be also referred to as the internal layer projection.
Thereby accelerate the impulsive force that threshing can slow down each strike fringe portion and reduce the percentage of impurity and the disconnected fringe rate of deviating from seed thereby improve the fringe frequency of hitting of hitting tooth in order both to increase the active line speed of hitting tooth, can be made into so-called skew crossing type thrasher, even proper its hit the tooth working motion to carrier respectively hit during than the so-called threshing zone on top tooth mainly meet head-on faceted pebble thereon the angle (this angle is called the angle of meeting head-on at this some place) of the active line velocity attitude at the tendency at every some place and this some place be less acute angle, the angle of meeting head-on that this is less then can cooperate with the bigger tooth active line speed of hitting; Described meet head-on faceted pebble thereon the tendency at certain place of point be that slyness is met the smooth enveloping surface of hypothesis that faceted pebble meets faceted pebble head-on in the tendency or the non-slyness of this tangent plane of the selecting tendency at this tangent plane of selecting head-on.
Also can make power effect thrashers such as so-called to above-mentioned skew crossing type thrasher, the described size of meeting the angle head-on that each that promptly makes it hit tooth mainly met each point place on the faceted pebble head-on changes with this some position, and make its Changing Pattern be: when hitting the tooth working motion to described threshing zone, its corresponding angle of meeting head-on of meeting the some position that active line speed is big more on the faceted pebble head-on is more little, this is to make thrasher respectively meet each point place on the faceted pebble head-on under same suitable working speed the hitting power of stalk fringe is imitated almost to be equal to the desired level that diminishes greatly, not only accelerates threshing but also reduce disconnected fringe and percentage of impurity to be beneficial to most.
Hit that tooth has bigger hitting power under lower active line speed and very fast threshing (as can be used for the manpower machine) in order to make, also can be made into so-called orthogonal formula thrasher, be its hit tooth each mainly meet the described nearly right angle of corner connection of meeting head-on at each point place on the faceted pebble head-on, this tooth that hits is called the orthogonal tooth.
Meet the impulsive force of rib head-on in order to reduce the tooth body to the stalk fringe, also can be made into so-called iris type thrasher, the carrier that hits tooth that is it can adopt the single shaft cylinder at least, the tooth body that is fixed on the briar tooth on the cylinder outer peripheral face is the circumferential or basic dividing plate that circumferentially prolongs, axially adjacent dividing plate is parallel to each other substantially, be equally spaced, its projection is fixed on the dividing plate or with the dividing plate disjunctor and makes, and is to deposit the stalk passage between the dividing plate.Be fixed on projection on the dividing plate meet head-on faceted pebble can be oblique or orthogonal.
The advantage of this thrasher is: 1, seldom splash outside the machine of going into stalk working face direction and be easy to collect because of deviating from the grain grain, reduced the existing various grain grain spatter loss that reaping machine is difficult to overcome of exempting to cut; 2, crop fringe portion is longer by the time of pressure holding between the denticle of the threshing zone that is easy to collect, thereby can not be subjected to too big extruding force and not need to increase under the situation of large impact power too to be hit number of times and thresher meeting, thereby can be in no seed breakage, need not take off under the condition that need not clean efficiently harvest operation again; 3, its thrasher has been realized self dialling the curved stalk of standing grain and has not been needed to dial the standing grain device to the depositing threshing in the stalk passage of its top in addition, make that whole harvesting apparatus is simple in structure, low in energy consumption, cost is low, work efficiency is high, thereby for the general structure of simplifying its reaping machine has been created precondition, the paddy rice producing region on particularly inorganic trade road provides light reaping machine to create condition, and favourable penetration and promotion is used.
The described carrier that hits tooth work ring Zhou Yundong that carries can followingly be realized: 1, can be around the cylinder of single horizontal rotational shaft, hit on the face of cylinder that tooth is fixed on the cylinder periphery or on the axial lath, the thrasher with this carrier format is called single shaft thrasher or briar tooth cylinder; 2, can be encircled the endless belt of Zhou Yundong by the round roller institute's tensioning on two parallel, horizontal axles one in front and one in back and driving, its driving-belt can be adhesive tape, strap, thin steel band or plastic tape etc.Thrasher with this carrier format is called endless belt formula thrasher; 3, can be hit tooth and be fixed on the lath by the tranverse connecting plate bar on the coordination joint of the synchronously driven many parallel chains of many auxiliary chain wheels on tandem two parallel, horizontal axles, the light material shutoff can be used in addition in order to avoid leak the grain grain in the circumferential interval between the lath.Thrasher with this carrier format is called the chain-plate type thrasher; Endless belt formula and chain-plate type thrasher are referred to as the twin shaft thrasher.
Following elder generation is that the briar tooth cylinder is that example illustrates in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with its horizontal single shaft thrasher in the preceding bottom of reaping machine, for ease of illustrating and illustrate its operation principle, at first introduce the cylinders that all adopt briar tooths, the distribution rule of its briar tooth (hereinafter referred to as the cloth tooth method that equidistantly staggers) is: 1, the track of the simple ring Zhou Yundong of the briar tooth of same the same side of depositing the stalk passage overlaps; 2, the briar tooth with track circumferentially is equally spaced on its outer projection edge at least; 3, the same briar tooth of depositing stalk passage both sides at least the circumferential position of its outer projection equidistantly stagger; 4, preferably making each deposit the stalk passage also is that the threshing passage is substantially with wide, isomorphism, so with imitating, promptly each deposits the equivalent working cell that the stalk passage is its thrasher.Below mainly provide multiple briar tooth profile of tooth and constitute stalk gap and the diagram of depositing the stalk passage, wherein: 1, briar tooth profile figure of cross section of making the track body of simple building ring Zhou Yundong in company with its carrier mark of abbreviating briar tooth as cuts wide figure; 2, when adopting above-mentioned cloth tooth method, constitute and the briar tooth of controlling the same left and right sides of depositing the stalk passage cuts wide figure together with the described mark of its carrier and is collectively referred to as this mark of depositing the stalk passage and cuts wide figure, also available it represent the mark of whole thrasher to cut widely to scheme; 3, cut among the wide figure at the same mark of depositing the stalk passage, what minimum range d that stretches end and its contiguous denticle or projection of an one projection was called this projection stretches end mark distance, and the d value is relevant with the described effective width of entering the stalk gap.
Fig. 1 to Figure 12 respectively is a kind of schematic diagram group that is installed in the rigidity briar tooth on the cylinder, wherein:
Each panel A is the side direction view of briar tooth shown in the corresponding figures group, promptly along the axial view of cylinder;
Each component B is that the described mark of briar tooth shown in the corresponding figures group cuts wide figure;
Each component C is that the vertical view of briar tooth shown in the corresponding figures group is promptly along the radial view of cylinder;
Each component D carries wide figure by the described mark of depositing the stalk passage that briar tooth shown in the corresponding figures group constitutes;
Fig. 2 E, Fig. 9 E, Figure 11 E respectively are the sheet material method for making blanking figure of briar tooth shown in the corresponding figures group;
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram that the deformable briar tooth is out of shape at work;
Figure 14 is that projection is the schematic diagram of the elasticity briar tooth of elastic wire;
Figure 15 is that projection is the schematic diagram of the elasticity briar tooth of flexure strip;
Figure 16 is the blanking figure of the flexure strip of elasticity briar tooth shown in Figure 15;
Figure 17 and Figure 18 respectively are a kind of structural representations of the deformable briar tooth of being made by elastic organic material;
Figure 19 is the partial side view of the centrifugal briar tooth that projection can centrifugal displacement;
Figure 20 is the D-D profile of Figure 19;
Figure 21 is that the mark of depositing the thrasher of the additional shaft-like tooth of stalk channel middle cuts wide figure;
Figure 22 is that the mark of stretching the thrasher that end radially staggers of depositing the outer projection of stalk passage heteropleural cuts wide figure;
Power such as Figure 23 is are imitated the end view of twin shaft thrasher;
Figure 24 to Figure 26 respectively is a kind of schematic diagram group of briar tooth cylinder;
Wherein: each panel A is a front view, and each component B is respectively A-A, B-B, the C-C cutaway view of corresponding figures A successively;
By the profile of tooth of the multiple rigidity briar tooth among Fig. 1 to Figure 12 and the fixed installation orientation on circumferential cylinder surface 4 (arrow is represented the work rotation direction of cylinder) thereof as can be known, various briar tooths have at least one at least one side of its working motion direction and have the projection of certain lateral geometric component or the part of stretching out, be described projection, wherein have at least one from its section body 4 so-called outer projection 8 far away (because of its track ring at skin); At least axially form tooth slope 10 near outer rib or the face of himself track ring in the outer projection 8 that geometric component is bigger, the tendency on tooth slope and the gradient can make the straw of suppressing on it be easy to be slipped into by its tooth top 9 one sides and deposit stalk passage 15, (mark that the tooth slope preferably can be apparent in briar tooth cuts among the wide figure); At least form hook 11 near the rib of depositing stalk passage 15 (seeing each component D) in himself track ring or face in the outer projection 8, the hook faceted pebble cuts at its mark that the tendency and the gradient with respect to its carrier surface or cylinder axis can the hook pressure enter whole straws of depositing the stalk passage by going into the stalk gap under its corresponding work linear velocity at least among the wide figure to it deposits stalk passage 15 in; The axial width of tooth top 9 is less to be beneficial to insert primary straw clump crack.
Fig. 1 to Figure 10 is the less so-called discrete briar tooth of the circumferential width of its tooth body 6.Fig. 6,7,9, the 10th, power is imitated briar tooth to can be used for the so-called skew crossing type briar tooth of described skew crossing type briar tooth cylinder or also be etc., the work rotation direction of carrying its upper hook tooth by circumferential cylinder surface 4 as can be known, the tooth body of each briar tooth is met the hypsokinesis everywhere of faceted pebble 12 head-on to tooth top 9, and each projection is met faceted pebble 13 head-on and is simultaneously stretched out and the end 14 stretched of each projection is had with a certain distance from carrier side face 4 to a side backward by the tooth body, can make each smooth enveloping surface of mainly meeting the tangent plane of each point on the faceted pebble or its hypothesis of meeting faceted pebble head-on head-on of this briar tooth so all is less acute angle at the angle ∠ A (this angle is called the angle of meeting head-on at this some place) of the tangent plane 19 (seeing Fig. 6 A) of each point and the direction of the linear velocity V of the building ring Zhou Yundong at this some place, so that the bar fringe that is hit can faceted pebble is sliding relatively to move back and slow down impulsive force along respectively meeting head-on, thereby help reducing the percentage of impurity of disconnected fringe rate and threshing.
By analysis of experiments as can be known, hit tooth meet faceted pebble head-on certain to select disconnected fringe and the percentage of impurity of place, position in hitting the efficient of fringe threshing and deviating from the grain grain mainly relevant with following factors: 1, hit tooth meet head-on faceted pebble this some place with respect to the line of motion speed of being hit the fringe grain, promptly the active line speed at this some place is also referred to as blow speed; 2, the size of meeting the angle head-on at this some place, this angle is more little, and impulsive force is more little, and threshing efficiency is low more with the percentage of impurity of deviating from the grain grain; 3, this meets the radius of curvature of faceted pebble at the profile of the cross section at this some place head-on, and the more little percentage of impurity of this radius is high more.
Because of skew crossing type or etc. power imitate thrasher and can make its simple ring week line of motion velocity amplitude bigger a lot of times than the results pace value of its reaping machine, analyze with preferred its hit tooth meet head-on faceted pebble etc. power when imitating form, can be all regard the simple building ring week line of motion speed V that easily calculates directly perceived that is approximately equal to this some place as with a size of the blow speed of position changes in distribution complexity and direction.Power such as Fig. 6 to Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 to Figure 12 have also illustrated can be used for simultaneously imitate the briar tooth cylinder etc. power imitate the general shape of briar tooth (additional hit tooth also in like manner), promptly under the almost equal condition of the transversal profile radius of curvature that makes it respectively meet faceted pebble head-on, make especially its meet head-on on the faceted pebble from the place, some position of circumferential cylinder surface 4 (it is big more promptly to encircle all line of motion speed) far away more to meet the angle head-on more little, power such as desirable is imitated the form of meeting faceted pebble head-on finally can select excellent decision by test of many times, basis for estimation is: in the basic structure of thrasher, under working speed and all identical situation of threshing work efficiency, disconnected fringe rate and the percentage of impurity of meeting the grain grain that faceted pebble hits head-on that power such as approaching is more imitated form are low more, in other words, in the pure rate of the grain grain that hits under identical and other relevant parameter the same terms, the threshing work efficiency of the thrasher of the profile of tooth that power such as approaching is more imitated is high more.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 and Fig. 8 are the embodiment that can be used for the so-called orthogonal formula briar tooth of described orthogonal formula briar tooth cylinder, and the described angle of meeting head-on of meeting each point place on faceted pebble 12 and 13 head-on of the tooth body 6 of each briar tooth and the projection of inside and outside layer all is right angle or near the right angle.
Figure 11, Figure 12 are the so-called iris type briar tooths that can be used for described iris type briar tooth cylinder, each figure is the part figure of the annular plate-like tooth body 6 of circumferential disjunctor, outer projection 8 circumferentially equidistantly is fixed on the toroidal membrane 6, and the outer projection 8 of left and right sides can be along (as Figure 11) the also circumferentially distribution (as Figure 12) about coordination ground that circumferentially is in staggered distribution.Outer projection 8 can bend (seeing Figure 11 E) with iron plate tooth body 6 disjunctors, be that projection piece 8 bends about 90 ° along dotted line in its ring, faceted pebble is met in projection head-on and the tooth slope is all formed by limit piece 13 reels, and near the tooth body of the hypsokinesis the tooth top 9 at each outer projection rear is met faceted pebble head-on and formed and can be scribed horizontal budlet line by limit piece 12 reels to help to hold up straight straw on its all arris.On the iron plate tooth body 6 also to the left and right both sides go out the hypsokinesis that much is interspersed internal layer projection 7 dihedral or that the left and right sides convex-concave is alternate to help to accelerate threshing.Iron plate tooth body can be welded on its carrier, also can (as Figure 11 E) tooth root 5 (bending 90 °) riveting through aperture 400 is arranged on carrier.Tabular tooth body also can adopt other material, and as plastic plate, its projection can be one-body molded with the tooth body, but also split riveted joint, its outer projection 8 can flatten by the front end of an iron leg rod and through the aperture riveting on tooth body 6, outer projection also can bend with iron plate in addition.The shuttle face of meeting head-on of the various projections of iris type briar tooth preferably as shown in the figure oblique or etc. power imitate.
The method for making of various rigidity briar tooths can be selected according to its features of shape, bend or weld as available iron rod, iron plate, but also punching press is cast or is moulded the type made from wear-resistant plastic.1), tooth root piece 5 is along 90 ° of its inner edge dotted line bendings briar tooth as shown in Figure 9 can adopt iron plate according to the blanking figure blanking shown in Fig. 9 E, can go out internal layer projection 7 earlier, and get out the rivet hole 400 on the tooth root fritter 5, bends then and makes:; 2), dotted line 104 forms the boundary line of tooth body side and hook face 11; 3), all the other dotted lines are met the sideline that faceted pebble 13 is met in faceted pebble 12 or outer projection head-on head-on as the tooth body; 4), tooth top portion 9 is narrower; 5) the transversal figure of tooth body is a U-shaped.
The blanking of briar tooth shown in Fig. 2 E, iron plate are bent into the lath of each dotted line outside also that tooth is stretched or projection similarly.In like manner, can be made into also with the iron plate blanking that tooth is hit in the described additional threshing of having only the internal layer projection and mix to use with above-mentioned briar tooth and hit chance to increase the fringe grain.
Figure 24,25,26 respectively is a kind of briar tooth cylinder that adopts rigidity briar tooth 18, and briar tooth 18 is fixed on the cylinder outer peripheral face 4.Figure 24 is the orthogonal formula briar tooth cylinder that adopts the briar tooth of similar Fig. 1 to Fig. 2 and Fig. 8; Figure 25 be adopt similar Fig. 6 one-sided briar tooth skew crossing type or etc. the power briar tooth cylinder of imitating; Figure 26 is the iris type briar tooth cylinder that adopts the briar tooth (only not having the internal layer projection) of similar Figure 11 and Figure 12, is fixed on the circumferential cylinder surface 4 to its annular plate-like tooth body 6 parallel equidistant.By each figure as seen, above-mentioned three kinds of briar tooth cylinders have all adopted the described cloth tooth method that equidistantly staggers, their common trait also has: the annular that 1), axially has circumferential connection between the denticle of adjacent briar tooth 18 is deposited the stalk space, promptly deposit stalk passage 15, and stalk passage isomorphism, equivalence are promptly deposited in each working cell separately; 2), the briar tooth cylinder makes that according to the direction shown in arrow rotation being in arc goes into the briar tooth 18 at stalk working face 17 places and move upward; 3), have at least many places to have the outer projection 8 of briar tooth, in each periphery of depositing stalk passage 15 described have unobstructed property and unidirectional go into the stalk gap mainly by with the outer projection of mark briar tooth suitably circumferentially spacing C and/or the suitable end mark of stretching apart from d and respectively stretch end 14 distributions and form (stretch the end mark and can be greater than or less than the straw diameter) apart from d along cambered surface; What 4), the outer projection 8 long-pending size in effective cross section that makes each deposit the stalk deposited of stalk passage 15 from the average distance of cylinder outer peripheral face can leave at least that this enters that the Buddhist monk do not recess all keeps in straw.
Through the briar tooth cylinder of basic structure form shown in Figure 24,25,26 being adopted the test of different parameters assembly, the examination excursion and the corresponding work effect of main parameter value or its value tried are as follows:
1, their common basic parameter values or its excursion are respectively: about 30 centimetres of (1), diameter of cylinder (this value can be by the straw height decision of being gathered in the crops, and the fringe portion that should make shorter straw is higher than the anterior threshing of cylinder in order to avoid the grain grain that splashes forward easily collecting not); (2), the hook of outer projection is from the about 4-7 of the average distance of cylinder outer peripheral face centimetre (primary straw is close more or high more, and this distance is big more so that deposit the bar passage and can leave this at least and enter and whole straws of not recessing as yet); (3), the lateral geometric component 0.5-2 of outer projection centimetre; (4), deposit 1.5-5 centimetre of bar channel width; (5), the described radius of curvature of respectively meeting the cross section profile of faceted pebble head-on is the 1-5 millimeter; (6), 40 °-80 ° of the gradients of cutting the horizontal axis of tooth slope 10 relative its thrashers among the wide figure at the mark of hook, (but for the less briar tooth of the horizontal geometric component of skew crossing type and/or outer projection, the described gradient can be littler down near zero degree).
2, under above-mentioned common basic parameter assembly condition, also have the cooperation parameter mainly relevant with one-way to be: the active line speed V of (1), briar tooth, especially outer projection with the unobstructed property that guarantees the bar gap; (2), the circumferential spacing C of outer projection; (3), outer projection stretches the end mark apart from d.Through examination, above-mentioned three kinds of parameter values at least in following excursion the respective sets timing can make it go into the stalk gap to have unobstructed property and one-way: a, make suitable one times to the three times straw diameter of d value, corresponding V value can be located at more than 4 meter per second to 15 meter per seconds, and corresponding C value is equivalent to 6 to 3 the outer projections weekly with mark; B, make the d value, but corresponding V value suitably changes little and/or the corresponding C value suitably changes greatly less than the straw diameter.Because of rice straw is littler than straw elastic force, rice use than wheat with the corresponding V value of thrasher can slightly little and/or corresponding d value, the c value is big slightly.
3, through test and reckoning, the disconnected fringe of deviating from the grain grain of above-mentioned three class thrashers contains assorted few, thereby can not need take off again that following (operating mode refers to above-mentioned and following parameter value mated condition with the corresponding operating mode of cleaning and work efficiency, but work efficiency is every meter fabric width harvest area hourly of thrasher): 1), can be used for gathering in the crops paddy rice as the orthogonal formula thrasher of Figure 24, about 1 mu of the work efficiency when the V value is about 5 meter per seconds/time; 2) but, the thrasher rice wheat of imitating as the power such as approximate of Figure 25,26 discrete tooth or iris type is dual-purpose, when its maximum of meeting the close circumferential cylinder surface place of faceted pebble head-on is met about 20 ° when cooperating with the V value of about 15 meter per seconds of angle head-on, about 3 mu of work efficiency/time; (threshing work efficiency and straw length are effective threshing time correlation).When the briar tooth with a lot of internal layer projections that adopts Fig. 9 to Figure 12 or described additional when hitting tooth, work efficiency also can improve.
Now with Figure 24,25,26 3 kinds briar tooth cylinder is horizontal (sees Figure 25 for example illustrates its course of work and principle, 26 and Fig. 6,12, Figure 24 is also similar): when the briar tooth cylinder advances also as arrow rotation direction rotary work with its machine, even its straw 20 primary inclinations of going into stalk working face 17 the place aheads also can by the tooth top 9 that revolves in succession and constantly upwards instigate on tooth slope 10 or friction and hold up direct join to slide to projection along tooth slope 10 and stretch end 14, below in two kinds of situation: 1), for respectively stretching the end mark apart from the thrasher of d less than the straw diameter, because of same outer projection 8 of depositing bar passage 15 stretch end 14 ring week movement locus on same periphery, in each axial view (seeing Figure 25 B and 26B), as long as arbitrary end 14b that stretches circumferentially stretches the distance h of end 14a and the line 33 of 14c (this goes into stalk gap 16 apart from can be regarded as d during less than the straw diameter in adjacent front and back two to it, it with stretch end track diameter of a circle, relevant with the outer projection 8 of mark or its circumferential spacing c that stretches end 14) cooperates greater than the straw diameter and with the active line speed of briar tooth, then can make when its straw 20 middle parts along certain tooth sloping 10b sideshake and spring into that straw almost also is subjected to stopping less than its circumferential adjacent projection 8a or 8c in the process of this hook.In case and certain straw is pressed by certain hook hook, its top stalk fringe just along the movement locus of this hook crooked backward and its fringe portion be subjected to main backward hitting power and make this stalk bottom reinforcing press to the tooth district and be more conducive to go into the hook that revolves on follow-up along the tooth hill wash.Constantly hit by hook press-bending song among the threshing course like this, straw top does not have chance again and ejects hook and can only relatively reversally recess thrasher because of the preceding of complete machine and then along depositing the stalk passage.2), for stretching the end mark apart from the thrasher of d greater than (one times to several times) straw diameter, its same axial distance of stretching between the end 14 of depositing stalk passage 15 both sides has also become to go into stalk gap 16, make into the effective width in stalk gap greatlyyer, it is better to go into the unobstructed property of stalk, and easier the entering of primary straw deposited the stalk passage.Through evidence, as long as hook is suitably big with d value corresponding work linear velocity, all top that has entered the straw of depositing the stalk passage and fringe portion because of about be subjected to that denticle hits that strong runout and serpentine bend do not have that the chance positive alignment circumferentially is communicated with again go into the stalk gap rebound away drive on the contrary directly enter over against access stalk gap the primary straw of depositing the stalk passage also participate in runout crooked swing in hook and also by pressure holding in depositing the stalk passage, retreat from thrasher up to threshing.By the above-mentioned course of work as can be known, this type of has unobstructed property and unidirectional thrasher of going into the stalk gap, can the fringe portion of primary straw control at an upper portion thereof deposit threshing in the stalk passage so that deviate from the grain grain and mainly splash backward and be easy to and collect.
When reaping machine during to certain side turning operation, just in the bottom of the straw of threshing at first relatively thrasher gradually to other side shifting, straw top is followed traversing and is entered the adjacent bar passage of depositing in succession, in traversing process, be pressed in straw top in the tooth district by hook and can move to from the circumferential interval of discrete denticle and adjacently deposit the stalk passage and make its fringe portion can be hit threshing all the time.Toroidal membrane shape tooth body also can circumferentially disconnect several (being non-circumferential) of sentencing the formation hand of helix and cross the stalk passage.
By the course of work and principle as can be known, adopt Fig. 1 to single plant or several briar tooth mixes all and can constitute thrasher according to the described cloth tooth method that equidistantly staggers shown in Figure 12, for example: 1), can constitute orthogonal formula thrasher with the briar tooth of Fig. 1 according to the cloth tooth method of Figure 25 A entirely; 2), cylinder end limit can constitute the skew crossing type thrasher with briar tooth shown in Figure 7 with briar tooth shown in Figure 6 in the middle part of the cylinder entirely.
The end 14 of stretching of the outer projection of the briar tooth among the above-mentioned thrasher embodiment all is to point to (as the Fig. 1,6) in its track ring or do not point to ring outer (as Fig. 8,12) at least, and promptly the tendency of its hook faceted pebble 11 can not allow under any active line speed and be skidded off into stalk gap 16 (seeing Fig. 6 D) by the straw 20 of its pressure holding.
Fig. 3 extremely end 14 its track rings of sensing of stretching of the outer projection of briar tooth shown in Figure 5 forms tooth top outward; through examination when the tendency that makes its hook faceted pebble 11 and the gradient cooperates with its active line speed and the component in ring that straw is subjected to also can be in annular be deposited the stalk passage can overcome the elastic force of straw outside encircling the time hook pressure straw, especially be more conducive to hook pressure straw when denticle (see figure 4) or outer projection 8 (see figure 3) inclinations and when leaning forward.Mark by the working cell of corresponding thrasher cuts wide figure (seeing Fig. 3 D to 5D) as can be known, this type of thrasher go into stalk gap 16 broads, but when certain straw 20 when certain tooth hill wash advances to deposit stalk passage 15, just can swing aside and by the hook of this side in succession pressure holding hit threshing about in passage 15.The circumferential spacing C of the outer projection of this type of thrasher is comparable above-mentioned littler, and the circumferential position of the adjacent briar tooth of track can not stagger.Every active line speed of meeting the nearly 90 ° orthogonal formula thrasher of corner connection head-on of meeting faceted pebble head-on that it hits tooth can design per second below 6 meters reducing disconnected fringe percentage of impurity, other geometric parameter can be with reference to the relevant parameter or the test optimization of above-mentioned orthogonal formula thrasher as Figure 24.
The mark of depositing the stalk passage of described orthogonal formula or skew crossing type thrasher carries wide figure can be as Figure 10 D or Figure 22, the radial position of stretching end 14 that promptly makes each deposit the outer projection 8 of stalk passage 15 heteropleurals (internal layer projection also can so) is staggered, have big radial component and make it go into that stalk gap 16 is easier to have unobstructed property and an one-way apart from d so that it stretches the end mark, at this moment the circumferential spacing with the mark projection can be beneficial to the pressure holding straw more for a short time.
As Figure 22, the outer peripheral face that can various thrashers hits tooth carrier 4 is provided with the additional threshing of certain radial component and hits tooth 23, and make that it meets angle and briar tooth head-on meet angle coupling head-on.Also can make the mark of thrasher cut wide figure as Figure 21, promptly add with many of mark higher shaft-like teeth 24 at the middle part of depositing stalk passage 15 of its broad, its outer most advanced and sophisticated 25 the stretching between the end 14 (circumferential position of shaft-like tooth can all stagger with left and right sides briar tooth) of outer projection 8 that extends left and right sides briar tooth, make broad go into stalk gap 16 and deposit stalk passage 15 all to be divided into two and to be beneficial to unobstructed property and one-way into stalk by shaft-like tooth 24.
Thrasher have unobstructed property and unidirectional go into the bar gap also available described elastic deformation's briar tooth realize that Figure 13 is that a signal is deposited the mark that the distortion briar tooth of bar passage both sides is out of shape at work and cut wide figure.1), move to into bar working face and straw that the closeest maximum arranged when the tooth slope 10 of its outer projection 8 is suppressed by carrier side when briar tooth 18, aforementioned each power make a concerted effort make it stretch basic the making to the ring intrinsic displacement of end 14 to stretch the end mark and become greater to d apart from d along the camber line 22 that with tooth top 9 is the heart
1, in order to going into stalk; 2), move to carrier top and the maximum straw arranged to ring is outer when suppressing on its hook faceted pebble when briar tooth, aforementioned each power make a concerted effort make outer projection stretch end 14 to make to stretch to the ring outer displacement and hold mark to be varied down to d apart from d
2Be beneficial to hook and press straw; 3), in any case, at other stretch the end mark apart from the d value at d
1Value and d
2Change between the value.The structure method for making that realizes the distortion briar tooth of above-mentioned functions can be as follows:
1, strain briar tooth.1), is bent into the following various one-sided briar tooth that orthogonal or oblique are met the briar tooth or outer projection: a of faceted pebble head-on, are bent into similar figure b that has with diameter and the moderate hardenable steel wire of elastic force; B, be bent into snakelike briar tooth as Fig. 5; C, tooth are in two or many steel wires strand and outer projection place steel wire is separated into the Y shape bilateral briar tooth of similar Fig. 7 mutually; D, its mark cut wide figure as Figure 13, i.e. fixing (as riveting) one section outer projection 8 that is bent by steel wire on the discrete tooth body of rigidity or iris type tooth body 6.Can combine the thrasher that is suitable for low active line speed V with the more additional tooth that hits for reducing the threshing percentage of impurity, more than have the steel wire briar tooth of more carefully meeting rib head-on, also can outside fine wire, put wear-resisting flexible pipe is met the transversal profile of rib head-on with increasing radius of curvature.2), mark cuts wide figure as Figure 14, promptly bends outer projection 8 with hardenable stalloy and also can be riveted on the tooth body 6 of rigidity, projection is met faceted pebble 13 head-on and can be strengthened by the steel disc crimping.Figure 16 is the blanking figure that is used for the stalloy of skew crossing type thrasher, and two apertures 306 are to use the hole with the riveted joint of tooth body 6, and full wafer is bent into tooth top 9 along aperture top dotted line 307.Arrow represent with tooth body riveted joint after the working motion direction, little limit piece 13 crimpings become with the projection of direction of motion oblique to meet faceted pebble head-on.The preceding of rib of meeting head-on of the close tooth top of each outer projection that the internal stress of above strain is bigger can be blocked by the shielding plate with tooth body 6 disjunctors, in case go into branches and leaves or disconnected fringe.3), at least the denticle part that has a moderate one-sided or outer projection of bilateral of elastic force is made of the organic elastic material of similar wear-resisting hard rubber, the radial thickness of its outer projection can be little and its circumferential width can be big, this rubber denticle can directly be clamped on one's body the rigid teeth that maybe can be fixed on no outer projection on the carrier, with the fixing means of rigid teeth body can be as follows: a, the sectional side elevation of briar tooth such as Figure 17, promptly has the rigid teeth body clamping that the tooth body 6a of the rubber denticle of outer projection 8 is rolled by iron plate, the cross-section figure of iron plate tooth body 6b can be a U-shaped substantially, and it can be through its tooth root riveted joint, weld or be clamped on the carrier 4; B, its sectional side elevation such as Figure 18, the tooth body 6c that promptly has the rubber denticle of outer projection 8 is the sleeve pipe of hollow, and it can be enclosed within on the shaft-like rigid teeth body 6d that is fixed on the carrier 4, and its periphery can tightly wrap solid around the finer wire bundle.
2, centrifugal distortion briar tooth.Its partial side view such as Figure 19, can near the tooth top 9 of discrete or iris type tooth body 6, fix this minor axis that tangentially extends back 309 of a foundation along the track ring of its ring Zhou Yundong, on the axle hinged one or about two projection pieces 8 that rotary inertia is less, the projection piece can be made or be rolled axis hole and orthogonal or oblique with foil (as iron plate) and meet faceted pebble 13 head-on by wear-resistant plastic, projection piece 8 is by shoulder on the minor axis 309 or transverse bolt axial location, it can rotate to an angle also spacing around its axle, structure and working condition can be as follows more specifically: 1), D-the D that makes Figure 19 is to profile such as Figure 20, be that the angle rotatable of every projection piece 8 cooperates narrower axial lug, nib 311 on the minor axises 309 to limit by the axial notch 310 of broad in its axis hole and makes its working condition be: a, when projection piece 8 when moving in tooth body ring week into the stalk working face, the moment that the elastic force pressure on 20 pairs of tooth slopes 10 of straw produces can overcome the centrifugal moment of prominent body piece self and make and stretch end 14 swing in ring, at this moment stretches the end mark and becomes big and the tooth gradient also becomes greatly and is easy to into stalk apart from d; B, when projection piece 8 when moving to the threshing zone of carrier top its tooth body ring week, projection piece 8 be subjected to self centrifugal moment and straw make it stretch end 14 to the moment of the outer bounce of ring spacing in the less position of tooth slope angle up to the shuttle 311 of upward being dashed forward by its groove 310 and axle to the outer swing of ring, it is also less apart from d to stretch the end mark this moment, is beneficial to pressure holding and deposits the stalk fringe that is hit in the stalk passage.2) be that still to make it go into stalk under the bigger situation of projection piece centrifugal moment unobstructed under the bigger active line speed, in order to make briar tooth, also can set up the torque spring that is used to offset the projection centrifugal moment, above-mentioned two kinds of moments are contended with locate making the tooth slope angle be about 20 °, torque spring can be installed in the axis hole or projection piece rear portion.
Have all available above-mentioned distortion briar tooth of briar tooth of outer projection in the same thrasher, but also can use with the rigidity briar tooth for reducing cost, for example, circumferential or axially adjacent briar tooth is distributed by this two classes briar tooth space.All the layout of briar tooths still can adopt the cloth tooth method that equidistantly staggers, but outer projection week apart from can be littler or active line speed can be bigger.
Various thrashers all can adopt the described cloth tooth method but need not guard its rule rigidly of equidistantly staggering, for example: 1), briar tooth especially the tooth body each to must strictness not being equally spaced; 2), the denticle of depositing stalk passage the same side especially the tooth body must not overlap by track, promptly depositing the stalk passage need only substantially circumferentially be communicated with.
The briar tooth shape of various twin shaft thrashers, cloth tooth mode all can be with above-mentioned single shaft thrasher similar, and to go into stalk working face 17 also be arc, then its operation principle is also similar, does not carefully state in addition.Power such as Figure 23 is are imitated the axial view of twin shaft thrasher, because of the working motion speed at every some place hitting tooth of the threshing zone that is in its carrier 4 tops all identical, then wait the power effect to meet the angle head-on and also answer the each point place to equate, the faceted pebble of meeting head-on that then respectively hits tooth (being briar tooth 18 among the figure) in its axial view equates at the described angle of meeting head-on at each point place.
In the process of testing the optimal parameter cooperation of seeking various thrasher, if find fine and its one-way unreliable (being that pressure holding is bad) of the unobstructed property of stalk passage, then can be individually or the side by side following change of a plurality of parameter: 1), change the circumferential distance of outer projection little following relevant parameter; 2), little apart from changing respectively stretching the end mark; 3), the active line speed of hitting tooth is changed greatly; 4), the axial geometric component of projection, especially outer projection is strengthened.Unobstructed property is not good enough, then can do opposite change to above-mentioned parameter, in addition, also can strengthen the gradient on tooth slope if the one-way good (being that pressure holding is good) of stalk passage is gone in opposite discovery.
In order to strengthen the straight effect of holding up of straw of half-and-half pitching, can be on the tooth top of various thrashers and/or tooth top close and little tooth line 103 is set nearby, as Figure 11 E, 26B, the sharpness of tooth line is cut off the stalk fringe and is exceeded to be unlikely.
It is a lot of to hit the method that tooth is fixed on the carrier, as nail, riveting, weldering, folder etc., 1), also can followingly realize: for the briar tooth cylinder, available a plurality of with deposit the stalk passage with wide hardness (as duroplasts) ring segment clamping briar tooth, the outer peripheral face of ring segment is made circumferential cylinder surface, and ring segment is axially opened porous or inner rim has a plurality of semicircle hole slots in order to pass many stay bolts and briar tooth is fixed and clamped to the cylinder disc; 2), make the twin shaft thrasher of carrier for endless-belt or steel band, in order not only to make endless belt be easy to right and wrong distortion but also make briar tooth be difficult for swing, the available rigid batten that is parallel to live-roller or power axle fixes to clamp endless belt from the outside or the simultaneously inside and outside two sides of endless belt, and briar tooth is fixed on the lath.The back edge of lath can be made into the flank of tooth shape that can be meshed and drive with the back edge of the axial notch of driven roller in the ring.But as doing as described in the carrier strap soldering or riveting with steel band on steel band.
Two, primary threshing rice wheat harvester
Adopt the technical conceive of the reaping machine of above-mentioned rice wheat primary thrasher to be, it comprises harvesting apparatus, the device and drive the control part of storing up grain; Described harvesting apparatus comprises sheller unit at least, or also is included in the grain conveying device between sheller unit and the stock device; The described control part of driving has walking and transfer, operating mechanism and power transmission machinery; Described stock device and/or drive control part be this machine special use or use supporting; It is characterized in that: described sheller unit has aforesaid one or more thrasher and in order to the splash guard of enclosing sputter grain, horizontal or vertical the putting of axle of thrasher, thrasher go into the waist that the stalk working face can contact primary straw, have into stalk between thrasher and the splash guard and lead a passage, one end of this passage is into the stalk mouth, and its other end is communicated with stock device or grain conveying device.
Below serve as the main multiclass reaping machine that illustrates in conjunction with the accompanying drawings mainly only to have a horizontal thrasher.
Figure 27 is sheller unit line bonus standing grain awl or the end view that adds strut rail threshing part;
Figure 28 is that the A of line bonus standing grain awl among Figure 27 is to view;
Figure 29 is the vertical view of the another kind of set-up mode of line bonus standing grain awl;
Figure 30 is that the B of the stalk the arranged thrasher that matches with additional strut rail threshing part among Figure 27 is to view;
Figure 31 is the end view of the additional pectination threshing part of sheller unit.
Figure 32 adds the B of pectination threshing part to view among Figure 31;
Figure 33 is the end view of the additional Spatterproof curtains of sheller unit;
Figure 34 is that the C of Figure 33 is to view;
Figure 35 is that the curtain leaf is the front view of the Spatterproof curtains of elasticity strand;
Figure 36 is the distribution schematic diagram of Spatterproof curtains multilayer curtain bar;
Figure 37 is the cross section of Spatterproof curtains curtain bar;
Figure 38 can be arranged on a kind of drive in briar tooth cylinder tooth district and the partial sectional view of driving-belt thereof;
Figure 39 is the end view of the additional Spatterproof curtains wheel of sheller unit.
Figure 40 to Figure 42 respectively is the structural representation of the box rice wheat harvester of a kind of manpower low level;
Figure 43 is a kind of from the structural representation of walking the box rice wheat harvester of low level;
Figure 44 and Figure 45 respectively are the structural representations of a kind of manpower basket dress formula or bag type rice wheat harvester;
Complete machine figure among Figure 46 to Figure 52 respectively is a kind of structural representation of hand steered bag type rice wheat harvester, and wherein Figure 47 and Figure 48 are the frenulum method of operating schematic diagrames of hand steered bag type rice wheat harvester;
Figure 53 is the structural representation of guide plate bag type rice wheat harvester behind a kind of front driving wheel;
Figure 54 and Figure 55 respectively are a kind of structural representations of preceding guide plate rear drive sprocket bag type rice wheat harvester;
Figure 56 is a kind of structural representation of full wheel bag type rice wheat harvester;
Figure 57 to Figure 60 respectively is a kind of structural representation of cargo vehicle front-mounted rice wheat harvester;
Figure 61 to Figure 63 respectively is the structural representation of suspension type rice wheat harvester at the bottom of a kind of cargo vehicle;
Figure 64 is the structural representation of a kind of storehouse dress formula rice wheat harvester;
Figure 65 is the A-A cutaway view of Figure 64;
Figure 66 is a kind of and the schematic diagram of the rice wheat harvester of walking tractor matching use;
Figure 67 to Figure 69 respectively is a kind of structural representation of tail gas cleaning plant;
Figure 70 to Figure 71 respectively be a kind of can with the matching used structural representation of cleaning rethreshing device of various grain conveying device;
Figure 72 to Figure 73 respectively be a kind of in the inner chamber of the assorted separator of grain the double structural representation of establishing rethresher;
Figure 74 and Figure 75 respectively are a kind of structural representations that blocks assorted sieve;
Figure 76 is that a kind of its single shaft thrasher is the structural representation of briar tooth cylinder for the vertical sheller unit of putting;
Figure 77 is that the D of sheller unit shown in Figure 76 is to view;
Figure 78 is the B-B cutaway view of sheller unit shown in Figure 76;
Figure 79 to Figure 81 is the schematic diagram of the automatic control system that walking turns to when being used for harvest operation in the reaping machine, wherein:
Figure 79 is the vertical view of reaping machine in harvest operation with the automatic control system of turning to;
Figure 80 is the circuit diagram of pressure-sensitive switch control dc motor;
Figure 81 is the schematic diagram of pressure-sensitive switch control hydraulic valve.
(1), the sheller unit that has horizontal thrasher
Shown in each complete machine figure of Figure 40 to Figure 66 and Figure 27,31,33 sheller unit figure, having its horizontal single shaft thrasher in the described sheller unit of each machine front portion is briar tooth cylinder 1 or twin shaft thrasher 2; The side shield 315 that described splash guard has in the thrasher both sides reaches above thrasher or posterosuperior overhead guard plate 49, the upper surface of splash guard and thrasher carrier surrounds jointly into stalk and leads a passage 317, the front end of passage is into the stalk mouth, and the passage rear end is communicated with stock device or grain conveying device.The splash guard side shield is fixed on the support of thrasher both sides, and the grain grain preferably can not leak down in the gap of side shield and this side thrasher carrier end face; The height of overhead guard prelaminar part is preferably adjustable to adapt to the crop of differing heights; Inner face from the rear portion of the nearer overhead guard plate of thrasher can add if the thin soft padded coaming of Cereals buffering is then flown away from by thrasher lower teeth district to prevent the reflection of grain grain.
For preventing the low level parts damage border crop of thrasher both sides, the bearing of thrasher can be arranged in the thrasher end face to reduce the width of end face outside parts; Also can add branch standing grain awl,, preferably can not clamp-on the straw in gathering in the crops fabric width between the tooth top 9 of the briar tooth 18 of the side of the inboard back edge 320 of dividing standing grain awl 319 and thrasher 1 as Figure 28; The front end (seeing Figure 29) of branch standing grain awl 319 is extended within the track ring of projection 8 of briar tooth of side of thrasher 1.
For the type that makes the governor motion (hereinafter to be referred as height-regulating mechanism) of not setting up the sheller unit terrain clearance can adapt to crop harvesting operation and the help quickening threshing bigger to straw height difference, can in above-mentioned splash guard, add described additional threshing part; This threshing part can followingly be realized: (1), rearmounted threshing part: a, as Figure 25,40,41,45,56, nearly rear at thrasher 1 is provided with and its crossbeam 321 with fabric width, can be fixed with a row or many horizontally-arrangeds on the crossbeam and protrude upward the threshing broach 322 of certain altitude, the spacing of broach is taken off effect by the comb to the fringe portion 21 of paddy rice or wheat and is selected excellent; B, at the nearly rear of thrasher 1 horizontal one with its little threshing cylinder with fabric width, but tooth briar tooth or full depth tooth are hit in its threshing.Make and on the additional threshing part at thrasher rear, to stop in advance early threshing and to be easy to collection because of the straw 20 that is subjected to strut rail and fringe portion 21 but a kind of so-called stalk thrasher 1 (seeing Figure 30 simultaneously) of arranging in the above-mentioned additional threshing part adapted skew crossing type thrasher, i.e. its projection are met the direction of rib 13 head-on.By Figure 27 and Figure 30 as seen, the direction that the stalk arranged of rib 13 is met in the projection of the briar tooth 18 on such thrasher 1 head-on is: 1. in radial view 30, it is suitably big that the axial angle ∠ B of rib 13 and thrasher is met in projection head-on, can arrange stalk through examination greater than 60 °; 2. in axial view 27, it is suitably little with the angle ∠ C of the direction of its linear velocity V that rib 13 is met in projection head-on, can arrange stalk through examination less than 20 °.Otherwise ∠ B thrasher little and/or that ∠ C is big is called non-row's stalk tax grain device, and it can not arrange stalk at least when straw top is subjected to the resistance of additional threshing part not too big.(2), shown in Figure 31,33, above briar tooth cylinder 1 or the rear one crossbeam 323 is installed, the numerous longer broach 324 that is fixed with the interval horizontally-arranged on the crossbeam and protracts along its vertical plane of hanging down separately, the front tip 326 of broach is not preceding in the outer projection 8 of going into the briar tooth 18 on the stalk working face 17 of thrasher 1, and the spacing of broach is a bit larger tham the kneading thickness of the fringe portion 21 of rice or wheat.Should additional threshing part make the stalk fringe pressed when then putting through the broach gap by the briar tooth hook and before because of machine and then recess forward in the process in this gap and increase the chance that comb is scraped threshing, especially to higher crop, behind the pre-early threshing again by the thrasher threshing.
The both sides of every broach can fix numerous short and small and densely covered, have that certain side stretches geometric component smooth out with the fingers tooth 325 for a short time.Long broach can be made with iron plate, smoothes out with the fingers tooth for a short time and can be gone out or be formed by the carefully short steel wire of polylith iron plate clamping by this iron plate.The distribution density of two kinds of teeth, but the installation site of smoothing out with the fingers the tendency of tooth and crossbeam for a short time whether factor such as strut rail stalk fringe all influence fringe portion by the time the resistance size, need to coordinate with row's stalk difficulty of the thrasher of institute adapted, the coordination situation can following (eventually by test optimization): 1), the thrasher of the described non-row's stalk of adapted or difficult row's stalk, because of it can press straw to drag the bigger fringe portion of resistance of taking off of being combed by hook, then broach and smooth out with the fingers the spacing of tooth all can be slightly little, smoothing out with the fingers the tendency of tooth can scrape down to reverse comb near orthogonal with the head progeny row direction, but comb is scraped maximum resistance not exceeded by the briar tooth straw that fractures, and the installation site of crossbeam 323 is strut rail stalk fringe not preferably.For adapting to the crop of differing heights, best front and back, crossbeam position are adjustable or sheller unit is established height-regulating mechanism.Above-mentioned powerful comb off-square formula comb takes off the work efficiency height, but that threshing contains is assorted many, and this machine can be set up and clean or rethreshing device.When thrasher stretch the end mark apart from d less or each go into the stalk gap directly over more difficult row's stalk during over against a broach 324.2), assorted less and be difficult for the disconnected straw of hook more easily arrange the thrasher of stalk and make comb take off that resistance is corresponding to be reduced but above-mentioned comb takes off the part adapted in order to comb to take off to contain, promptly broach, all spacing is big slightly to smooth out with the fingers tooth, smoothes out with the fingers tooth head progeny row direction hypsokinesis relatively.
The a small amount of grain grain that splashes forward when being blocked in the more anterior threshing of thrasher can add down array apparatus.
1, Spatterproof curtains.Front upper place at single shaft or twin shaft thrasher is provided with and its Spatterproof curtains with fabric width, its end view such as Figure 33, front view such as Figure 34 or Figure 35, this curtain has the crossbeam 330 of leading edge of overhead guard plate 49 of the splash guard that is installed in thrasher 1 and upper end thereof and is fixed on the horizontally-arranged on the crossbeam or the curtain bar 331 of many horizontally-arrangeds, each curtain bar stretches out downwards substantially parallel, the lower end 332 of curtain bar is unsettled and near the tooth top of thrasher 1 front upper part, can waltz through crop stalk fringe at least between the curtain bar.
For not only be beneficial to stalk fringe 21 by but also be beneficial to the grain grain that stops sputter forward, the curtain bar preferably is easy to the curtain bone 335 of lateral elasticity distortion and is stretched out and the numerous curtain leaves 333 or the strand 334 (seeing Figure 35) that are easy to strain constitutes to the rear flank, both sides by the curtain bone by being not easy to flexural deformation backward, the cross section of curtain bar can be as Figure 37.Be that its curtain bone 335 is flats, left and right sides curtain leaf 333 forms drift angle dihedral (profile of the lower end of curtain bar also can become pointed shape) forward, and curtain leaf and strand can be made with elastic organic material, the also available finer wire of strand; Curtain leaf and strand can be clamped on the curtain bone 335, also can be earlier and pipe box 336 disjunctors again pipe box is enclosed within on the curtain bone.Complete cross-section Figure 36 of curtain represents that adjacent row's curtain bar 331 preferably is in staggered distribution.
2, curtain wheel.As Figure 39, installing one above single shaft or twin shaft thrasher 1 takes turns with its curtain with fabric width, the curtain wheel is made by symmetrical two disc, 338 disjunctors, its central shaft 339 levels are supported on the frame 340 of its both sides horizontally, the place, outer ring of left and right sides disc is many to axis hole along circumferentially being evenly distributed with, a rotatable curtain axle 341 is installed on every pair of axis hole axial limiting, is fixed with some curtain bars 342 (the axial dislocation of the curtain bar on the adjacent curtain axle 341 is opened distribution) of the equal in length that parallel interval distributes on every curtain axle; Be fixed with a driving lever 343 at least one lateral elongation end of every curtain axle; Be fixed with a block 344 in the upper end of this side frame 340, this block can be stirred the driving lever 343 that rotates to this place and make it swing backward to make with its coaxial curtain bar 342 than wide-angle and then swing identical angle forward.
When curtain wheel and thrasher 1 advance harvest operation at random, separately according to the rotation of the diagram direction of arrow, and the curtain wheel can be promoted to rotate or be driven by its drive 345 by straw 20, and its rotating speed can make that the linear velocity in its curtain axle center is approaching or be a bit larger tham the pace of reaping machine so that the curtain bar of curtain wheel bottom is less with respect to the movement velocity of static stalk fringe 20a; The direction of curtain bar and driving lever substantially as shown in the figure everywhere, curtain bar 342a on the curtain axle 341a of the driving lever 343a that beginning is stirred by block 344 begins to swing forward, the curtain bar 342b that leaves on the curtain axle 341b of driving lever of block can be continued forward swing up to being pressed on the last curtain axle because of himself gravity, each curtain bar to be to insert the stalk fringe with the less angle of vertical line, the lower end of curtain bar 342c that is in thrasher 1 front upper place near thrasher tooth top trajectory to increase the splashproof area.The structure of curtain bar can be beneficial to be pressed then by the thrasher hook with reference to the curtain bar of above-mentioned Spatterproof curtains, and the stalk fringe 20b of pendulum facilitates penetration of the curtain bar at interval.
3, preposition blower fan.One or more coaxial centrifugal blowers are set in the front upper place of thrasher, the axle horizontal of this blower fan is horizontal, the rotation direction of impeller preferably makes its underpart rotate backward, and the position-adjustable of air outlet is to a little higher than crop fringe head, makes distinguished and admirablely to blow top to thrasher in advance to following the stalk fringe that retread; The air outlet of a plurality of coaxial blower fans laterally flaring protracts and/or wind blade is set in air outlet, so that the wind-force that the wide interior fringe stalk of full width is subjected to is even.This blower fan not only can prevent grain sputter but also can feed the stalk fringe in advance to increase the time of threshing forward.
Thrasher can be by the power transmission wheel drive on its shaft extension end, also can drive by the drive that is arranged on its tooth district, the profile of this drive and driving-belt thereof such as Figure 38, be drive 346 and driving-belt thereof 347 common form have tooth slope 10, tooth body 6 or also have the briar tooth shape of projection 8, as can be axially alternate with other briar tooth with a plurality of this kind drives.
(2) the box reaping machine of low level
Figure 40 to Figure 43 respectively shows the box reaping machine of a kind of low level.Such type comprises sheller unit 3, stock case 51 and drives the control part.Described sheller unit 3 is positioned at the place ahead of complete machine, and wherein containing a horizontal single shaft thrasher is briar tooth cylinder 1 or twin shaft thrasher.The described stock case 51 and the fixing back lower place that maybe can be arranged on sheller unit 3 of frame with extracting out, its case mouth is led a passage 317 and is communicated with the stalk of going between briar tooth cylinder 1 in the sheller unit 3 and the splash guard 49, and the front 52 that makes the case mouth is contactlessly near the below or the back lower place of briar tooth cylinder 1, the cereal that sheller unit is taken off through its go into stalk lead a passage 317 directly be included into stock 51, the part 48 that cereal in the case can be opened from splash guard 47 rear portions is taken out (as Figure 40) or is extracted out with case and unloads (as Figure 41 to Figure 43), also can prolong from stock case rear portion and the normal grain mouth of getting that opens wide takes out (not shown).The described control part of driving comprises and total man's power or the actuating unit that adapts with engine, running gear or and steering mechanism, wherein running gear has guide plate 53 or the pair of driven 86 (as Figure 41) that is arranged on stock case 51 belows at least, or stock case 51 the rear also be provided with driving wheel 61, according to the different power source of being adopted, drive the control part and can realize by following concrete mode:
1, manpower back push type.As shown in figure 40, this drives the prosecutor formula and is provided with guide plate 53 in the bottom surface of stock case 51, is provided with than low level at the rear of stock case 51 and has the cushion 54 and the back cushion 55 of certain transverse width.The transmission mechanism of briar tooth cylinder 1 is made up of crank and rocker mechanism 56 and a pair of raising speed gear 57 that a pair of parallel connection is arranged on the fuselage both sides synchronously, and its manual piece is a horizontal pull bar 59 with the rocking bar 58 rigidity disjunctors of both sides.During operation, the operator dorsad the place ahead seating on cushion 54 and back cushion 55, both hands drive 1 running of briar tooth cylinder to pull bar 59 reciprocating slidings acting, simultaneously, both feet alternately with pedaling acting promote the complete machine slidable travel, turning to by the thrust line of pedaling of putting forth effort the position or changing the pin opposite that changes back cushion 55 of complete machine makes and is subjected to unbalanced thrust about it and realizes.
For reducing the propelling resistance of complete machine, this machine can also add a universal driven pulley 60 (shown in Figure 40 two-dot chain line) below cushion 54.
For improving both feet ground is especially pushed away effect to pedaling of meadow bog, the operator goes back a kind of special footwear of pedaling of universal, and this pedals footwear can be light hollow triangle housing, and its bottom surface is at interval with a plurality of gear pieces that stretch out certain area.
Be handled easily, the operator can observe travel direction by speculum, and speculum can be worn over head and go up or be fixed on the reaping machine.
2, manpower wheel-driven ().As shown in figure 41, this transmission device that drives its briar tooth cylinder 1 of prosecutor formula is identical with above-mentioned back push type, and running gear comprises the guide plate 53 of stock case 51 belows and a foot-operated driving wheel 61 at rear.The wheel shaft that drives land wheel 61 is arranged on the lower end of wheel fork 62, and wheel fork 62 light wheel fork shafts 63 are arranged on the fixing wheel fork shaft axle sleeve 64.Respectively there is a treadle 65 both sides that drive land wheel 61, coaxial or the coaxial line of one end of this treadle 65 and the wheel shaft of driving wheel 61 66 is hinged on the ground wheel fork 62, ratchet 68 (also can act on the ratchet that is fixed as one with land wheel) on the wheel blade 67 that acts directly on driving wheel 61 is arranged on its bar, and the other end is provided with pedal 69.Wheel fork shaft 63 upper ends above driving wheel 61 are provided with cushion 54.During operation, the operator rides on the cushion 54, and acting drives 1 running of briar tooth cylinders to both hands to pull bar 59, and alternately 69 actings drive complete machines and advance both feet to pedal simultaneously.Because it is in the same system of the centre of gyration that driving wheel 61, pedal 69 and cushion 54 all are in wheel fork shaft 63, the operator just can make plate 69 obtain moment of face and drives driving wheel 61 and turn to the double side force of executing of manual pull bar 59 simultaneously in the acting motion.
The manpower machine that above-mentioned employing crank and rocker mechanism and gear pair drive the briar tooth cylinder also can be installed on its crank and rocker mechanism transposition the handle formula manpower threshing machine use of the place ahead (shown in Figure 40 double dot dash line) double as of briar tooth cylinder by people's operation; For ease of operation, when adopting this dual-purpose mode, its front portion of the upper cover plate of splash guard 49 is preferably collapsible or unload.Can certainly not do that above-mentioned transposition is installed and by two people's work compounds.
3, manpower wheel-driven (two).As shown in figure 42, this drives the prosecutor formula and compares with wheel-driven shown in Figure 41, its difference is: (1) briar tooth rolls letter 1 transmission mechanism and is made up of a pair of pulley concial disk 70 or pair of sprocket and one group of synchronous toggle in parallel, wherein a side crank 71 is fixed on the driving wheel, opposite side crank 71 be fixed on the rigidly connected wheel shaft 72 of driving wheel on, one end of both sides connecting rod 73 is rigidly connected with horizontal manual pull bar 59 two ends respectively, and the other end is connected with crank 71 through crank-pin; (2) driving wheel 61 has adopted chain drive, its drive sprocket 74 with about coaxial being rigidly connected of two pedal wheels that respectively have three pedals 69 be arranged on the support 75 with wheel fork 62 disjunctors; (3) adopted planetary gear steering mechanism, this mechanism has one to be the sector gear 76 of center fixation on frame with wheel fork shaft 63, pinion 77 and its engagement on the wheel carrier 87 that is arranged on wheel fork 62 disjunctors is arranged on its periphery, steering wheel 78 is through steering spindle driving pinion 77 rotation, and pinion 77 is done planetary motion around sector gear 76 simultaneously and driven driving wheel 61 and turn in rotation.
4, self-propelled, as shown in figure 43, this drives the prosecutor formula and has a driving wheel 61 at the rear of guide plate 53 at least, is arranged on stock case 51 rears and the wheel carrier that frame 79 is fixedlyed connected or on the transmission case through wheel shaft.Engine 80 is arranged on the middle part or a side of the frame 79 of driving wheel 61 tops.Briar tooth cylinder 1 should adopt the V belt transmission, for making briar tooth cylinder 1 not only can regulate working depth easily but also not changing the centre-to-centre spacing of drive, can with its together with splash guard 49 be arranged on the coaxial or coaxial line of hinged center 90 and idle wheel 81 can synchronous rotating left and right sides support arm 82 on, adjusting is arranged on the length that is connected of support set 83 and support bar 84 on the support arm 82, and briar tooth cylinder 1 just is stabilized on the working depth that needs.This machine can the hand steered step with operation, its handle 85 is fixedlyed connected the back upper place that is arranged on driving wheel 61 with frame, complete machine directly applies the side force realization to handle 85 by the operator and turns to.If set up a planker or a tail wheel that is connected with the frame activity in the back lower place of handle 85 and cushion be set thereon, just this machine can be taken or go on foot with dual-purpose (referring to Figure 51 and Figure 52).
For the adjusting that makes briar tooth cylinder 1 working depth more easy, the guide plate 53 of the box machine of above-mentioned each low level also can be with its rear end and frame hinged (as shown in figure 42), regulate the bearing height of support bar 84, guide plate 53 is around the hinge pin revolution, and the anterior disjunctor of complete machine raises and makes briar tooth cylinder 1 obtain the working depth that needs.
Select less running resistance for suiting measures to local conditions, the box machine of above-mentioned each low level also can the place ahead of guide plate 53 or below a pair of driven pulley that can conveniently unload 86 is set, as shown in figure 41, this driven pulley 86 is preferably disposed on support bar 84 lower ends of slidably regulating bearing height.When being used for the meadow bog operation, unload driven pulley 86, guide plate 53 is slided on muddy water help reducing running resistance; When being used for the operation of stiff ground, loading onto driven pulley 86 and just can utilize the less rolling of resistance to advance.Regulate the bearing height of support bar 84, can make the briar tooth cylinder obtain the working depth that needs, if with above-mentioned strut rail thing 321 and the usefulness of being provided with, then wideer to the accommodation of plant height.
(3) the rotatable or basket dress formula reaping machine (abbreviating the bag type reaping machine as) of bag
Complete machine figure among Figure 44 to Figure 56 respectively shows a kind of bag type reaping machine, the harvesting apparatus of such type comprises the sheller unit 3 (as Figure 44) that contains the high twin shaft thrasher 2 of the low rear axle of a horizontal and front axle, or comprises that containing a horizontal single shaft thrasher is sheller unit 3 briar tooth cylinder 1 or twin shaft thrasher 2 and grain conveying device (shown in Figure 45 to Figure 56 complete machine figure).Sheller unit 3 is positioned at the front portion of complete machine, its cereal of taking off between low early and high after twin shaft thrasher 2 and splash guard 49 go into stalk lead a passage 317 directly by risen to the rear go into bag pipe 50 (as Figure 44), or between briar tooth cylinder 1 or twin shaft thrasher 2 and splash guard 49 go into that stalk leads that a passage 317 is included into conveying plant and the bag of going into that is transported to the rear is managed 50 (shown in Figure 45 to Figure 56 complete machine figure).Go into bag pipe 50 and be arranged on the at arm's length position of operator, it is grain sack or grain basket 88 that its height of going into bag mouth of pipe can make the grain grain flow into the stock device at least.
Manage 50 for the direct bag of going into that joins with the sheller unit that contains twin shaft thrasher 2, also can be provided with the case 100 of finding a chance to pick up some money (as Figure 46 and Figure 54), in case grain grain leakage loss in the lower rear of twin shaft thrasher 2.
When changing bag, do not allow the grain grain continue to flow to the grain sack that is about to take off for making, go into bag pipe 50 and can be divided into two arms, can be provided with a conversion at the meet of two arms and cut a grain valve, or each arm is respectively equipped with one and cuts the grain valve; Also can go on the bag pipe 50 to establish one section grain valve 91 (as Figure 46 and Figure 52) having the single of certain stock pipeline section.
Described stock device is that grain sack or grain basket are placed on the holder bag plate 89, and holder bag plate 89 can be ad hoc, also can be by 53 dual-purposes of the guide plate in the running gear.The position of holder bag plate 89 is determined by the general layout of driving prosecutor formula and complete machine of concrete type.Be convenient pack unloading, can adopt following simple and effective measure:
(1) as Figure 54, will ask bag plate 89 to be hinged on the fixed mount, with its horizontal locking, grain sack 88 is slided automatically its yaw tilt during bleed during the holder bag;
(2) as Figure 51, at least two bag hooks 92 are set going into bag pipe 50 outsides, the sack of grain sack 88 directly or through the bag ear-hang on bag hook 92;
(3) as Figure 50, two bags of hooks or at least one bag hook 92 are at one end to be fixed on the rope or elastic rubber belt with certain-length on bag pipe 50 tops, a side of a plurality of standby grain sacks 88 can be penetrated rope or adhesive tape in advance in the operation, take one by one during tape swapping, stretch tape can withdraw from bag hook 92 its elongation like a cork from the fully loaded grain sack 88 that will change.
Driving the control part and can using other agricultural walking machines of bag type or basket dress formula reaping machine, also can adopt following dedicated mode to realize:
1, manpower wheel-driven.By Figure 44 and Figure 45 as can be known, this drives the running gear of prosecutor formula and the basic mode that transmission device can adopt the box manpower machine of above-mentioned low level, and its difference is:
(1) but the guide plate 23 double as holder bag plates 89 of sheller unit 3 back lower places;
(2) manually pull bar 59 drives twin shaft thrasher 2 (Figure 44) through transmission mechanism, or drives briar tooth cylinder 1 and conveying plant (Figure 45) simultaneously;
Simple in structure for making, as shown in figure 44, the knuckle 93 of driving wheel 61 can be arranged on the back middle part of guide plate 53, ride in operator on the cushion 54 in acting motion simultaneously to the manual pull bar 59 double side forces of executing, complete machine just can be realized turning to as hand tractor.
2, hand-held ().As shown in figure 46, this drives the prosecutor formula and has horizontal wheel shaft 66 in sheller unit 3 back lower places, two driving wheels 61 about wheel shaft 66 can drive, holder bag plate 89 is arranged at the rear of driving wheel 61, the handle 85 that extends to holder bag plate 89 back upper places is arranged on the frame 79, engine is through slowing down or gear drive twin shaft thrasher 2 and driving wheel 61, and operator's handle step is with operation.
Turn to and make things convenient for the working depth of regulating thrasher for taking into account, can be respectively or synthetically take following measure:
(1) establishes an adjustable for height guide plate in the place ahead of driving wheel 61 or the frame bottom surface of rear (machine gravity place one side);
(2) make the terrain clearance of two handles 85 adjustable, with before the convenient machine during height change, it is comfortable that the both hands of handle keep;
(3) as Figure 47 and shown in Figure 48, the operator can adopt as frenum and assist operation, and wherein fasten respectively on left and right sides handle 85 at the two ends of shoulder belt 94, and waistband 95 is trapped among waist and has symmetrical two sections sidebands 96 to fasten on handle 85; Also can set up crotch band 97, it is connected with handle 85 through two lower sidebands 98, and operator's both legs are with 99 both sides that are positioned at crotch band 97; Above-mentioned each band contact human body stress position can be provided with cushion.In the operation, the length of suitably regulating each band can change the height of the work of thrasher, and operator's both hands can free and be used to change a bag unloading.
For adapting to the arrow path walking, the wheelspan of two driving wheels 61 is preferably adjustable, for example, the endoporus of the wheel hub of the stage casing of the wheel shaft 66 of driving wheel 61 and two driving wheels 61 can be made corresponding square or spline, on wheel shaft 66, be provided with the locating hole of regulating wheel distance, available alignment pin or bolt locking behind the selected as required wheelspan.
3, hand-held (two).Shown in Figure 49 to 52, this drives the prosecutor formula and is provided with the guide plate 53 with certain transverse width in the back lower place of sheller unit 3, have at the rear of guide plate 53 through wheel shaft and be arranged on one or two driving wheel 61 on the transmission case, engine 80 is arranged on the frame of driving wheel 61 tops, holder bag plate 89 is arranged on the rear of driving wheel 61, the back upper place of holder bag plate 89 have from frame stretch out about two handles 85, operator's handle step is with operation, the turning to dependence that handle 85 is applied side force or realize through steering cluth of complete machine.
Be the transmission of power of cut-out comparatively easily with engage engine, adopt the transmission device of V-belt transmission for chopped-off head, can adopt the method for locomotor to come the tensioning V-belt, this strainer has an eccentric rod 101 and is connected the pull bar 102 of eccentric rod 101 with engine, swing eccentric rod 101 backward or forward, and making it spacing, engine is subjected to just slippage and make the V-belt tensioning or loosen on support of row push-and-pull.
For make the hand-held reaping machine in operation, not only can go on foot with but also can take, can be provided with planker 103 (Figure 51) or tail wheel 104 (Figure 52) and cushion 54 placed on it in the back lower place of handle 85, this cushion 54 is connected with holder bag plate 89 through towing pin (cover) together with planker 103 or tail wheel 104, loads onto when needing or unloads.
4, slide behind the front driving wheel board-like.Shown in Figure 53, this drives the prosecutor formula has a driving wheel 61 at sheller unit 3 rears, at the driving wheel rear guide plate 53 is arranged, and guide plate 53 double as drag bag plate 89, a cushion 54 that is positioned at into bag pipe 50 rears is arranged on the guide plate 53, and turning to of complete machine can be separately or comprehensively in the following way:
(1) adopt the cushion 54 of horizontal wide cut, the mobile to the left or to the right seating position of operator makes the asymmetric advance resistance of the unequal generation of guide plate 53 the right and lefts normal pressure over the ground and complete machine is turned to;
(2) adopt mud rudder plate 106.This rudder plate 106 is arranged on the vertical shaft 107, there is the sector gear that is meshed with diversion driving-gear 108 its front portion, rudder plate 106 is for flat and be lower than guide plate 53 so that go into mud, when the reaping machine straight ahead, resistance is very little with direction of advance is parallel for rudder plate 106, when manual or foot-propelled steering wheel when driving gear 108 drives elevating arcs 109 deflections, rudder plate 106 drives complete machine and turns to because of there being certain lateral area can not scratch earth deflection.Manually steering wheel 78 can be when steering spindle 110 be arranged on the operator and just sitting the side of advancing of belly so that both hands turn to belly control when changing bag; Its upper surface of foot-propelled steering wheel of low level can be established raised and concave figures, so that foot-propelled is sane; Coaxial manual and foot-propelled steering wheel also can be set.(3) adopt symmetrical two foot-operatedly to go into mud drag device (referring to Figure 54).
5, preceding guide plate rear drive sprocket formula ().Shown in Figure 54, this drives the prosecutor formula has a driving wheel 61 at the back middle part of complete machine, and the guide plate 53 of wide cut is arranged in the place ahead of driving wheel 61 at least, and there is cushion 54 driving wheel 61 tops, and the front upper place of cushion 54 is into bag pipe 50, and the front lower place is a holder bag plate 89.The steering mechanism of complete machine can adopt following dual mode individually or simultaneously:
(1) wide cut cushion 54 and guide plate 53 can extend to the both sides of driving wheel 61 respectively, so that the operator not only can adopt move left and right to operate that complete machine turns to but also can not cause complete machine to tilt;
(2) each side establishing and foot-operatedly go into mud drag device 111 at guide plate 53 rears, the front end 113 of its rigid rod 112 is hinged on the frame, the rear end of bar is fixed with the rake teeth that is easy to into mud, the a plurality of intervals of the best horizontally-arranged of rake teeth, there is pedal 69 at the middle part of bar and makes the spring 192 of its return that makes progress, depress a certain side drag device 111 and make it go into mud, this side advance resistance increases and complete machine is turned to this side, and radius of turn is by the depth degree control of going into mud.Slower because of the reaping machine pace, the drag device wasted work is few.
6, preceding guide plate rear drive sprocket formula (two).Shown in Figure 55, this drives the prosecutor formula a guide plate 53 in the back lower place of sheller unit 3, two driving wheels 61 about the rear of guide plate 53 has, there is the gesture 54 of seat the top of two driving wheels 61, engine 80 footpath supports are arranged on the guide plate 53, and holder bag plate 89 is arranged on the support of cushion 54 front lower places or directly by guide plate 53 dual-purposes.But two driving wheel 61 driven in synchronism make the complete machine straight-line travelling about described, but also single action and complete machine is turned to, and the implementation of its driven in synchronism and single action can be:
(1) two driving wheel 61 be separately positioned on transmission case about two semiaxis stretch end, two steering cluths about being provided with in the transmission case, two steering cluths engage or some separation and make whole straight-line travelling or turn to (not shown) simultaneously.
(2) two driving wheels 61 drive (Figure 55) through chain-drive mechanism respectively by the output shaft of the transmission case 113 with steering cluth.
(3) shown in Figure 55, guide plate 53 is extended down to the place ahead of two driving wheels 61, the place aheads of two driving wheels or between be provided with guide plate in addition, two driving wheels 61 are separately positioned on the rear end of symmetrical two wheel forks 114 through wheel shaft, the front end of two wheel forks 114 is hinged on respectively on the left and right output shaft 115 of transmission case 113, or being hinged on the dead in line of hinged center and output shaft 115 on the frame, output shaft 115 is passed to left and right sidesing driving wheel 61 to power through chain-drive mechanism respectively.The mud degree of depth of going into that two driving wheels 61 are lower than guide plate 53 is limited by the left and right sides spring 116 that is connected between frame and two wheel forks 114 respectively, what suitably and the elastic force or the link position of left and right symmetrically regulating spring 116, can make that two driving wheels 61 obtain to be fit to goes into the mud degree of depth and reduces unnecessary sunken dark resistance; The elastic force that overcomes a certain side spring 116 makes the wheel fork 114 of a corresponding side drive driving wheel 61 and upwards promotes certain altitude, the adhesive force of a corresponding side drive wheel 61 is reduced down to built on stilts, and reaping machine is then driven and turned to by one-sided driving wheel 61.The elastic force that overcomes spring 116 can be realized the hoisting mechanism of driving wheel 61 liftings by simple labour-saving leverage, the fulcrum of the lever 117 of this mechanism is hinged on the frame, end on it is hinged with the middle part or the rear portion of wheel fork 114 through pull bar 118, and the other end is provided with the pedal 69 for operation.
The prosecutor formula of driving of the hinged center of above-mentioned employing wheel fork 114 and the dead in line of output shaft 115, if separate the pull bar 118 in spring 116 and the leverage, wheel fork 114 is returned back to the front lower place of complete machine and spacing (shown in Figure 55 double dot dash line) together with driving wheel 61, also can utilize the 85 hand steered steps of handle that are arranged on frame or the cushion frame with being used for road driving.
7, wheeled entirely.Shown in Figure 56, this drives the prosecutor formula two driving wheels 61 in the back lower place of sheller unit 3 or grain conveying device, (or two a) deflecting roller 119 is arranged at the rear of two driving wheels 61, there is cushion 54 top of deflecting roller 119, holder bag plate 89 is arranged on the frame between driving wheel 61 and the deflecting roller 119, engine 80 is arranged on other or the place ahead of side of holder bag plate 89, and turning to of complete machine can be realized by following mode:
(1) shown in Figure 56, a deflecting roller 119 footpath wheel shafts are arranged on the wheel fork 62, the wheel fork shaft 63 of wheel fork 62 through its top is arranged on the wheel fork axle sleeve 64 of frame, handles and is arranged on the pedal 69 that stretches out to both sides on the wheel fork 62, and deflecting roller 119 turns to complete machine with wheel fork 62 deflections; If between two driving wheels 61, be provided with differential driver, will make turn to more flexible; (2) be provided with the steering cluth that can make driving wheel 61 single actions in transmission device, at this moment, above-mentioned deflecting roller 119 just becomes the universal tail wheel that automatic adaptation turns to, and can also its cooperation be turned to controlled pedal 69 equally certainly.
8, the double one-wheel type that turns to of preceding guide plate rear drive.This drive prosecutor below sheller unit or the back lower place be provided with the guide plate of wide cut, there is one to drive the double driving wheel that turns at the rear of guide plate, there is cushion the top of driving wheel, go into front upper place and front lower place that bag pipe and holder bag plate are separately positioned on cushion, complete machine turns to the disk track steering gear to drive driving wheel deflection by manual and/or foot-propelled and turns to.Driving wheel has the half of structure that the implementation that drives and turn to double action can adopt similar offroad vehicle steering and driving axle; Also the wheel shaft diameter bearing of fixedlying connected with driving wheel can be installed in and can stick around rotating wheel of knuckle, the end footpath universal joint of wheel shaft is connected with power transmission shaft.
The adjusting of above-mentioned each its thrasher working depth of bag type reaping machine can be adopted following comparatively easy embodiment:
(1) shown in Figure 44,49,50,51,52,55, left and right symmetrically is respectively established a support bar 84 between thrasher or sheller unit or whole harvesting apparatus and guide plate 53, these support bar 84 two ends hinged or wherein an end and support set 83 connect and draw, change the length that is connected of different hinge holes position on support bar 84 and the guide plate 53 or adjusting and support set 83, thrasher just can be separately or together with splash guard or together with centre of gyration rising or the reduction of conveying plant around its support; The centre of gyration of described support preferably and the dead in line of the transmission idle wheel of thrasher;
(2) shown in Figure 53, establish a ratchet 157 but change on the 156 rotating reversing frames 158 of center in people's wraparound, be fixed on the ratchet 1 59 of its engagement and decide on the frame.The revolution actuator is by forming with the rocking bar 160 and the telescope 161 of reversing frame disjunctor, and its length can be regulated by sleeve pipe.Hand sleeve pipe 161 is locked on the ratchet 159 by ratchet 157 after making thrasher be positioned at needed working depth.
The periphery of the driving wheel of above-mentioned various wheel driving machine can be provided with into the adhesive force of mud blade when being increased in wet hag piece harvest operation, walk on stiff road for making the mud blade not influence reaping machine, but can driving wheel periphery cover coenvelope blade tip and axial and circumferential location can be for convenience detach band or chain belt; Also can be arranged on the periphery of the band that can be loaded and unloaded on driving wheel easily or chain belt, take off the band or the chain belt of band blade when setting out on a journey going into the mud blade.
(4) car front-mounted reaping machine
Described reaping machine drive control part and the stock device can be provided by the dual-purpose cargo vehicle, this car and comprise with the individual features of its matching used harvesting apparatus:
1) be provided with or have the corresponding hitch that can install between harvest time on this vehicle frame front portion and this harvesting apparatus frame, this hitch can entirely be suspended on this harvesting apparatus frame the place ahead of this car when results;
2) have in this harvesting apparatus the cereal grain conveying device of this railway carriage of packing into, or in this car, also have corresponding supporting grain conveying device;
3) in this car and this harvesting apparatus, has the corresponding power drive mechanism of the power of this car engine being given this harvesting apparatus, or this harvesting apparatus has self-supporting power set, and this car should have the normal speed of the gear that advances of the harvest operation pace of this harvesting apparatus of bases fit.
The vehicle frame front end of described dual-purpose lorry can not have fixing bumper bar, and described the two corresponding hitch can followingly be realized:
1, shown in Figure 57, this mechanism has a pair of left-right symmetry can be installed in the fixed support 360 of vehicle frame 370 front ends, hinged with it the respectively double rocking lever 362 in a pair of symmetrical two ends is arranged between two fixed supports 360 and harvesting apparatus frame 361, the working depth of harvesting apparatus is regulated by elevating mechanism, and left and right sides double rocking lever 362 is stabilized on the corresponding position harvesting apparatus with the synchronous deflection of variation of regulating height.Described elevating mechanism can be hydraulic jack, steel wire capstan winch, leverage or the screw mechanism shown in Figure 57 363.All the time do not leave the strong point 360 for the influence that makes the elevator pipe rear portion that extends the compartment in the harvesting apparatus backward not regulated by front height, the elevator pipe preferably has one section bending deformed flexible pipe.If each rocking bar 362 is isometric and be arranged in parallel, harvesting apparatus is then regulated height with translation, and service behaviour is more stable.
2, the leading portion at this vehicle frame left-right longeron has a plurality of cross bolts holes that penetrate than king-bolt, and its usage is as follows:
1) with two corresponding armed levers of stretching after parallel about the back of the harvesting apparatus frame of this corresponding adapted is fixed with, there is corresponding a plurality of bolt hole can be on the armed lever rear end through being bolted on this vehicle frame left-right longeron and making this harvesting apparatus that certain altitude overhead be arranged, this harvesting apparatus can adopt the above-mentioned sheller unit that need not heighten or this sheller unit support is heightened with respect to this harvesting apparatus frame, heightens method as adopting revolution;
2) bolt hole on the described longitudinal beam also can be used for the fixing suspension parts that protracted by vehicle frame, sees below and states.
3, the vehicle frame front portion be fixed with maybe can install about the protract fork arm of certain-length of two these symmetrical parallel of foundation, the harvesting apparatus frame feature of its usage and institute's adapted can be as follows:
1) about being provided with on this harvesting apparatus frame basic symmetry a pair of or terrain clearance is different many to the corresponding opening of described left and right sides fork arm slotted eye backward, at the edge of this frame the screw rod supporting leg of four adjustment heights is installed, the lower end of every screw rod supporting leg is provided with and can rotates and the bigger support of the area that lands around screw rod.This harvesting apparatus be suspended on be used for harvest operation on this automobile or when setting out on a journey operating procedure as follows:
(1) make harvesting apparatus be increased to required operation height with four screw rod supporting legs of setting stick rotation;
(2) starting automobile makes left and right sides fork arm insert the left and right sides slotted eye of corresponding height;
(3) the anterior temporary transient hook of harvesting apparatus frame rear portion and vehicle frame is connected in case frame is moved back to advancing slip;
(4) it is liftoff to desired height to make its lower end prop up the palm with four screw rod supporting legs of setting stick reverse rotation; When automobile need separate with harvesting apparatus when being used for transportation, rotate four screw rod supporting legs its palm is landed, automobile is recessed.
2) make the length of described left and right sides fork arm can make its front end extend the horizontal vertical plane position at the center of gravity place of this harvesting apparatus, about this horizontal vertical plane, be provided with two slide blocks of basic symmetry, two slide blocks can be passed up and down by the hand screw above it in the dragging track of its vertical plane respectively, the respective nut of dragging track and screw rod is fixed on the harvesting apparatus frame, the cambered surface of two slide block bottoms can with described about the corresponding twisting of cambered surface groove of two fork arm front upper parts, after being lifted by left and right sides fork arm, whole harvesting apparatus frame can turn round around left and right sides slide block cambered surface horizontal center line, and can hand steered easily this frame of rotation, make and when the thrasher of this frame front is in the position that is fit to operation height, make this frame revolution location, the revolution detent mechanism can be at this frame rear end and this vehicle frame front end positioning hole corresponding pin or ratchet, and its dowel hole or ratchet lath are multi-hole position or multiple tooth position.
4, as Figure 60, these vehicle frame 370 front portions be fixed with placed in the middle about maybe can installing one or about two cantilevers 376 protracting of basic symmetry, but the cantilever front end can extend the top and the steel-hanging rope 371 of the harvesting apparatus center of gravity that matches with automobile; Do not influence on the harvesting apparatus frame that the results parts are installed and easy to operate position on motor-driven or manual hoist cable mechanism is installed, but the rotating of this mechanism drives and braking about placed in the middle one or about two hoist cable rollers 373 of basic symmetry, the other end of the cable wire of being drawn by the elevator roller directly or hang over the front end of cantilever after fixed pulley 372 changed courses, be the swing of harvesting apparatus and the heightening of more convenient its anterior thrasher after preventing to hang, can establish corresponding detent mechanism in the rear end of harvesting apparatus frame and the front end of vehicle frame, this mechanism can be:
1) two location-plates about establish this mechanism rear end have the horizontal pin-and-hole of one or more vertical substantially arrangements on this plate, the vehicle frame front end is fixed with the support with corresponding pin-and-hole;
2) see below the hinge mechanism of chatting.
The above-mentioned fork arm or the rear portion of cantilever can be fixed on the longitudinal beam front portion with cross bolts, and cantilever complications as shown in Figure 60 protracts and also can obliquely protract.
5, as Figure 58,59,60, the front end of longitudinal beam 370 or longeron extension 379 or lower end fix one or about two sections sleeve pipes 380 with same horizontal axial line, (harvesting apparatus that power transmission shaft 381 adapted to make things convenient for can be installed in the sleeve pipe is quoted power from automobile engine), the both sides section of sleeve pipe can be used as the hinge axle journal, and its usage can be as follows:
1) as Figure 59, hinged symmetrical two levers 383 on the axle journal of the left and right sides of described sleeve pipe 380, lever rear portion, the left and right sides can be by the screw rod disjunctor, the piston-rod lower end 385 of the rear end of lever and hydraulic cylinder 384 is hinged, the hydraulic cylinder upper end is hinged with vehicle frame 370, (hydraulic pump can be provided by automobile or hand hydraulic pump), the front end of lever can reach the horizontal vertical plane at center of gravity place of the harvesting apparatus of institute's adapted, near the both sides of the harvesting apparatus frame 382 this horizontal vertical plane are fixed with and can lift the carriage of this frame for left and right sides lever 383, and this carriage can adopt following form:
(1) the symmetrical minor axis of two couples or the tubular axis of big slightly distance are arranged before and after this horizontal vertical plane, also power transmission shaft can be installed in the tubular axis, the antero posterior axis position is high slightly with height or front axle substantially; Left and right sides lever front upper part with each minor axis corresponding contact place one corresponding arc groove is arranged, in case slide before and after the frame when hanging;
(2) as Figure 59, on this horizontal vertical plane, have only symmetrical a pair of minor axis or tubular axis 386, front upper part 387 at left and right sides lever has semicircle groove to coincide with the minor axis hinge, on these harvesting apparatus frame 382 rear ends and vehicle frame front end or lever, turn round detent mechanism simultaneously just like preceding described frame, for example in frame 382 rear ends one section axle center with minor axis 386 being arranged is the arc at center, has the pin-and-hole adapted that a plurality of pin-and-holes 388 for frame revolution location and car longeron protract on the part 379 to locate with latch on this plate.In suspension and harvest proceduse, the height of lever front portion is all regulated by hydraulic cylinder.
2) as Figure 58,60, two are close to semicircular opening watt seat 390 substantially backward about the rear portion of this harvesting apparatus frame 374 is provided with, about watt seat can heighten or be fixed on this frame rear portion synchronously and ramped shaped guide rail 375 be arranged with respect to this harvesting apparatus frame in the upper end of each watt seat, the lower end of each watt seat is hinged by horizontal bearing pin 391 and intimate semicircular FE Tiler 392, the in addition end of FE Tiler has horizontal pin-and-hole 393 or clasp, with about box lunch watt of seat with can rotate up FE Tiler after the left and right sides axle journal of described car anterior cannula 380 dock and make FE Tiler in addition the pin-and-hole 393 of end or clasp and watt seat 390 upper ends accordingly horizontal pin-and-hole 394 or suppress the clasp interlocking and with axle journal formation hinge.Other has the revolution height-regulating mechanism, can make this harvesting apparatus frame 374 turn round or brake to be used to regulate the working depth of the thrasher 1 that is positioned at frame 374 front portions around the axle journal of described car anterior cannula, and this mechanism can followingly realize:
(1) hoist cable mechanism as the aforementioned is installed on the harvesting apparatus frame, before it and the described car on active hinge and watt seat cooperation situation of square guide rail as follows: a, as Figure 58, the end in addition of the cable wire 371 of being drawn by the elevator roller 373 of this hoisting mechanism can hang over the higher position of this car body; The guide rail 375 of described watt of seat 390 tops is stretched by watt seat is upward backward.When this car aiming advancing butt joint, car anterior cannula 380 slides into watt seat 390 and makes the liftoff rising in rear portion of harvesting apparatus frame 374 along guide rail 375, and FE Tiler 392 and temporarily can by the forward and backward of hoist cable roller 373 or braking is regulated or the working depth of the thrasher of stable harvesting apparatus front portion behind the lock closes; B, as Figure 60, the end in addition of the left and right sides cable wire of being drawn by described hoist cable roller 373 hangs over the front end of the left and right sides cantilever 376 before the above-mentioned car, and makes the ramped shaped guide rail 375 of described watt of seat 390 and upper end thereof be fixed on the position that is lower than car anterior cannula 380 slightly at harvesting apparatus frame rear portion.When frame 374 is promoted by the cable wire of rolling, make car anterior cannula 390 slip into along guide rail 375 that there is watt seat 390 on a left side and can close left and right sides FE Tiler 392 and lock temporarily earlier, continue rolling again or raise then can make frame 374 revolutions when putting cable wire and make its anterior thrasher be adjusted to required operation height.
Realized by hydraulic system that (2) as Figure 58, the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 395 of this system is hinged by horizontal bearing pin 396 or is linked by ball-joint with being fixed on support on the vehicle frame 370, the hydraulic cylinder that protracts from car anterior cannula 380 belows is hung by soft rope 397 or extension spring; Corresponding a part of the front end of hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the harvesting apparatus frame lower of its pushing tow contact or connection relationship can be:
1. the support of the front end of piston rod and harvesting apparatus frame lower can be hinged by easy-to-dismount horizontal bearing pin;
2. the piston rod front end is sphere or horizontal cylinder or the trundle 398 that transverse axis is housed, the corresponding concave face plate 401 that is fixed on harvesting apparatus frame rear lower is arranged on the extended line of piston rod center line 399, and the shape of this concave surface is beneficial to the automatic centering of piston rod front end when docking with this car with size or makes the piston rod front end spacing anti-skidding at least.
For watt seat can directly be docked with the axle journal of car anterior cannula, can take following measure:
A, as Figure 58, make the following upward backward certain-length of stretching of ramped shaped guide rail 375 of the upper end of described fixing watt seat 390, and the back high-end top that is not less than hinge axle journal before the car that makes guide rail, so that advancing, this car can make axle journal slip into a watt seat during butt joint along guide rail 375.
B, make about the adjustable height of watt seat.For example, the gyroaxis of a horizontal cross is set at harvesting apparatus frame rear portion, be fixed with the spoke bar of stretching certain-length after symmetrical two on the gyroaxis, the rear end of spoke bar is fixed described symmetrical semicircle watt seat respectively, gyroaxis can by power or manually moment drive and revolution certain angle and can braking to regulate the height of watt seat.A watt seat is fixed on the slide block, and slide block is heightened by screw rod in vertical guide rail.
The stage casing of sleeve pipe 380 can be made into the form of similar automobile power bridge conveniently to take the power of automobile engine, and the power transmission shaft of being passed in the shell by shell opening part input backward through longitudinal drive shaft reaches harvesting apparatus by the drive of this end again.
In order in the suspension process, to be easy to aim at corresponding bindiny mechanism, can add the butt joint sighting device.Can coat or paste a long point-like mark in that the driver's cabin in the dead ahead of just sitting driver is on glass, a upright plumbing bar mark on the vehicle frame in this mark dead ahead, a strip mark is also coated at rear portion at the harvesting apparatus of adapted, just in time aims at the corresponding component of active bindiny mechanism and other this butt joint when being marked on the same vertical vertical plane for above three.
Accordingly pack into the back level or the final stage of grain conveying device in this compartment of grain grain can followingly be realized in described this harvesting apparatus or on this car:
1) as Figure 60, install one at the postmedian of harvesting apparatus frame 374 and close three collars belt winnows commonly used, the endless belt conveyer with certain width 402 of this winnow is by 405 tensionings of pressure roller and the driving on the preliminary roller in the band 403, back roller 404 and conveyer belt 402 tops, each roll shaft level is horizontal, has a drive roll in the roller of front and back at least; Conveyer belt between preliminary roller and pressure roller top has into the grain bucket, and the top of this bucket is the grain inlet of broad mouth, and the bottom of bucket is transited into laterally long and the vertical narrower mouth of putting out cereal gradually, drops on the middle part of conveyer belt more equably so that put out cereal; The gradient that rises of the conveyer belt 402 between back roller 404 and the pressure roller 405 cooperates with the linear velocity of conveyer belt so that the grain grain is mainly raised the middle part to the compartment; On the top edge of both sides, compartment breast board, can be hinged with the grain sliding plate of certain width, so that when the natural wind harvest operation is arranged, can make by the inclined to one side grain grain of wind and slip into the compartment along grain sliding plate, grain sliding plate can become the slide plate shape by active stent support when using, and the time spent can be not sagging or pulls down.
For preventing that the grain grain on the conveyer belt is extruded onto band edge by pressure roller, can take following measure:
(1) the wide slightly and/or belt speed of conveyer belt big (cooperating with the elevation angle) slightly can be mainly or only contact and transmit the grain grain with the middle part of conveyer belt and promptly enough transmit work efficiency;
(2) the outer perisphere of pressure roller puts a circle soft elastic material and/or makes its periphery become the shape in multiple-grooved hole to reduce to side extruding grain grain;
(3) both sides of conveyer belt top add plate washer and/or transmit the lug, nib that the side directed loop of adhesive tape erects outward, and lug, nib can circumferentially be broken into little, not influence the flexible deformation of endless belt.
Above-mentioned three collars belt loudspeakers also can be used for the harvesting apparatus that aforesaid whole frame revolution is heightened, (when the angle of revolution changes), all the time mainly raise to the middle part, compartment in order to make the grain grain, can make the angle of raising out of winnow is that the gradient of pressure roller and the back conveyer belt between the roller is adjustable, and adjustable frame mode is as follows:
(1) make the position of the Y-axis bearing of pressure roller 405 can be synchronously before and after displacement regulate, but and make the link conveyer belt can elastic telescopic distortion in corresponding adjustable range;
(2) make the bearing mounting of in addition two rollers in three rollers be hinged on the roll shaft of drive roll and can regulate the angle of revolution.
When the natural wind operation, raising the grain of putting out cereal for assurance is not offset to outside the compartment because of crosswind, can be at the upper edge place of compartment left and right sides breast board each hinged dismountable grain sliding plate, make the supported ramp angles that can play the slide plate effect that is positioned at of slide plate with a hinged strut when needing, in the time of wouldn't needing one of separable strut and make strut and slide plate all hanging in the compartment side plate outside.
2) as Figure 58,59, final stage in the grain conveying device adopts the centrifugal blower 406 that is installed in the harvesting apparatus rear portion, the lower end of its grain inlet or pipe (being designated hereinafter simply as into grain bucket pipe) is communicated with the air inlet of blower fan one side, or grain inlet direct or on connection blower fan air-out pipeline section behind the wind stopping device 407; The discharge pipe of this blower fan transports pipe 408 with cereal and can conveniently dock or separate, and is also airtight for realizing automatic butt, but the leading portion of carrier pipe can be used the bellows of elastic telescopic, and its anterior available soft rope or spring hang; Also available taper docking port of the rear port of the air-out pipeline section of its front port and entrucking blower fan and/or cushion seal.The transport path direction be following both one of:
A, as Figure 58, transporting pipe upwards crosses this car driver's cabin backward the grain grain is blown to railway carriage, transport pipe 408 by support of stretching after on the harvesting apparatus frame or the stent support on this car, adapt to the elevation angle of regulating its pipeline section of putting out cereal and also can once clean the cereal that raises up;
B, transport pipe and stretch backward from vehicle frame below and can upwards be communicated with one or more entrucking pipe, one or more corresponding holes are arranged on the base plate in this car compartment, during harvest operation, each hole can be installed a described entrucking pipe, the mouth of putting out cereal of this pipe upper end is higher than breast board top, compartment, every entrucking pipe can be by the flange on it through being bolted on the railway carriage underframe, and doing each hole of other freight transportation time spent when this car can be by stifled flat the platform floor upper surface with its corresponding blanking cover.
Be used for the hydraulic pressure dumping vehicle the entrucking pipe lower port with transport pipe and go up port upwards and can adopt inside and outside bell automatic butt or cushioning to make interface airtight; The upper end of entrucking pipe can be communicated with the grain pipe of leading that is used to regulate grain grain entrucking orientation and be beneficial to the compartment and carry fullly, leads the grain pipe and can adopt bend pipe, three-way pipe, flexible pipe etc., and they can teeter regulate the entrucking orientation on the entrucking pipe.
Describedly go into the centrifugal blower that grain bucket pipe is communicated with its air inlet and make cereal final stage elevator if adopt, broken for avoiding the grain grain to be squeezed by the edge of fan blade, can make the dual-side longitudinal end limit of fan blade all big slightly distance be arranged from volute of blower, or on above-mentioned three edges or on whole blade the fixing padded coaming of one deck rubber like or flexible plastic and so on; If that adopts grain inlet on the described direct connection blower fan air-out pipeline section goes into grain bucket pipe,, can take following measure in order to reduce the outside inleakage in grain inlet place:
A, make that playing the put out cereal sectional area of the whole conveying pipe till the mouth of entrucking pipe from this grain inlet enlarges gradually all the time with the pneumostatic that reduces grain inlet and press;
The blower fan of blast is hanged down in b, employing than big flow;
C, can utilize suitable gas leakage wind speed to adopt to open wide the grain quarrel that the light foreign material of the cereal that falls into are carried out first separation.
Described power this car engine is given the transmission mechanism of this harvesting apparatus and can followingly be realized:
A, the power take-off gear from the speed changer of automobile take out power or take out power (space of transmitting power forward can be abdicated in the form of cooling water tank and/or position) from the anterior extension end of the bent axle of automobile front-mounted engine;
The power of b, taking-up is passed to harvesting apparatus through transition power power transmission shaft and/or flexible universal transmission mechanism in the quill housing before the described car;
C, in above-mentioned drive path, be provided with clutch, this clutch be installed on the vehicle frame or the harvesting apparatus frame on; On-off control mechanism is located in the driver's cabin of car or handles outside car and make and handles hand lever and can be locked in the state that makes clutch separation temporarily, so that ato unit.
Above-mentioned branch is got in the transmission mechanism of this car engine power can be provided with detachable shaft joint so that this car separates with this harvesting apparatus, and this shaft joint also can be located at the anterior extension end place of this car engine bent axle; When adopting the power transmission shaft in the described car anterior cannula, can give this axle from the stage casing opening input power of this sleeve pipe, (as through bevel-gear sett), driving pulley or sprocket wheel outputting power by this at least one side are given harvesting apparatus, can establish the pinch roller of adjusting its elasticity on the belt, so that bring the removable shaft joint of replacement with the dismounting transmission.
(5) suspension type reaping machine at the bottom of the car
Aforementioned reaping machine drive control part and the stock device can be provided by a kind of cargo vehicle of dual-purpose, this car has front-mounted engine, driving rear axle, the frame by BF, loading railway carriage, this car and comprise with the individual features of the harvesting apparatus of its adapted: 1), have at least in the speed changer of this car this harvesting apparatus of one-level bases fit the results pace reverse gear this car regression operation during results; 2), this vehicle frame and its side are stretched and are had the corresponding active bindiny mechanism that these harvesting apparatus parts can be installed on the support, during harvest operation, the back lower place that described sheller unit can be installed in this vehicle frame i.e. the rear of this back wheels of vehicle, at least one side of its thrasher results fabric width exceeds the outside of this wheel, in order to avoid wheel damages the border crop; 3), have in this harvesting apparatus or pass this carriage bottom plate pack into the grain conveying device of railway carriage of grain grain from this car railway carriage side; 4), this harvesting apparatus branch is got this car engine power or is established the engine of smaller power in addition.
1), the mounting bracket of thrasher is hinged through horizontal cross bearing pin and this vehicle frame this type of reaping machine can be regulated its thrasher working depth in the following ways:, with hand speed decreasing mechanism or hydraulic cylinder this support revolution is heightened; 2), make the mounting bracket of sheller unit be fixed on this vehicle frame rear portion, and this car be provided with can regulate the vehicle frame rear portion also be thrasher terrain clearance or be used for the hydraulic system that this railway carriage is dumped, this system have symmetrical two or about (differential mechanism of this car can be setovered) hydraulic cylinder placed in the middle, the lower end of this hydraulic cylinder by the horizontal cross bearing pin with to be fixed on support on this car back axle package hinged or link through ball-joint, the hydraulic power output of the stroke enlarger of the upper end of this hydraulic cylinder piston rod or this piston is one of following two kinds of articulated manner: a, be fixed on non-self-unloading vehicle on this vehicle frame for railway carriage, above-mentioned hydraulic power output links via the horizontal cross bearing pin or through ball-joint and this vehicle frame, so that hydraulic cylinder can be regulated the terrain clearance of the thrasher in the sheller unit that hangs on it by the terrain clearance of regulating this vehicle frame rear portion in harvest operation; B, for the hydraulic tipper type that railway carriage underframe and this vehicle frame rear end are hinged, above-mentioned hydraulic power output and railway carriage underframe are hinged by the horizontal cross bearing pin or link through ball-joint; This car also has can be made railway carriage underframe and this vehicle frame hook company or the Removable hook H that breaks away from and can make this vehicle frame and the Removable hook L of this car rear axle housing pipe hook company or disengaging, when hook H makes railway carriage underframe and vehicle frame hook company and hook L that vehicle frame and this car rear axle housing pipe hook are connected, described hydraulic cylinder can be regulated thrasher by the terrain clearance of regulating the vehicle frame rear portion in harvest operation terrain clearance; When hook H does not make railway carriage underframe and vehicle frame hook connect and when linking up with L vehicle frame and this car rear axle housing pipe hook being connected, described hydraulic cylinder can make the unloading of toppling of this railway carriage.
The suspension type that harvesting apparatus is hung on bottom behind this vehicle frame is realized by following embodiment.Shown in Figure 61,62,63, sheller unit with single shaft thrasher 1 or twin shaft thrasher 2 and splash guard (surrounding) by side shield 315 and overhead guard plate 49 through the crossbeam 411 of its support 410 and support by the i.e. rear of this back wheels of vehicle 431 of the rear lower of the auxiliary girder 413 that is bolted to this car, at least one side of thrasher results fabric width exceeds the outside of this sidecar wheel 431, in order to avoid wheel damages the border crop.This car left-right longeron preferably adopts up and down two-layer so that top auxiliary girder 413 after the bottom of the section of stretching liftoff higher and adapt to and gather in the crops higher crop.Have in this harvesting apparatus from these railway carriage 435 sides or pass this carriage bottom plate pack into each position of grain conveying device of railway carriage of grain grain extended on the support through being bolted to vehicle frame or its.The final stage hoisting equipment of this grain conveying device is realized by following mode: 1), by the elevator pipe of chain scraper elevator or elevator screw feeder or winnow or blower fan through the top of at least one side breast board of railway carriage grain grain elevator to railway carriage, the top of various elevator pipes put out cereal mouthful be communicated with in railway carriage, lead grain lead the grain pipe, for the vehicle that adopts hydraulic pressure dumping, this leads the grain pipe can be rotatable or dismountable, does not topple so that do not hinder railway carriage during unloading; 2), on the carriage bottom plate of this car, be provided with one or more holes, between harvest time, each hole can be installed one section grain grain entrucking pipe, the mouth of putting out cereal on this pipeline section exceeds the breast board all around of this railway carriage, the lower end of this pipeline section can be communicated with the mouth of putting out cereal of corresponding prime grain conveying device, and each hole can be stifled flat this carriage bottom plate upper surface by its corresponding blanking cover when this car transports other goods.The flange of described entrucking Guan Kejing on it is by being bolted on the compartment underframe.
1), final stage elevator centrifugal blower with the final stage of the corresponding grain conveying device of above-mentioned entrucking pipe can be:, the grain inlet of blower fan can be as described above, and the air outlet of blower fan is communicated with above-mentioned entrucking pipe; 2), impeller formula winnow, it is put out cereal mouthful and to be communicated with above-mentioned entrucking pipe, the entrucking pipe can curve corresponding parabolic shape; 3) be that shell constitutes the elevator screw feeder, with above-mentioned entrucking pipe.For the vehicle of hydraulic pressure self-unloading, the active automatic butt in the upper end of its corresponding elevator pipe in the lower end of this entrucking pipe, the shell of above-mentioned elevator screw feeder and axle also can all divide two sections automatic butt when unloading.The orientation of putting out cereal mouthful of entrucking pipe railway carriage is fully loaded with substantially or be communicated with can change the entrucking orientation can horizontally stretch lead the grain pipe.
Figure 63 is that described hydraulic system dual-purpose makes thrasher heighten and make the tilt embodiment of suspension type reaping machine at the bottom of the car of unloading of railway carriage, the rear end of the underframe 412 of its railway carriage 435 and the rear end of auxiliary girder 413 are hinged by horizontal cross bearing pin 436, and the mounting bracket 410 of its harvesting apparatus and thrasher 1 is fixed on the rear portion of auxiliary girder 413; The lower end of hydraulic cylinder 428 is hinged with support 430 by horizontal bearing pin 429, support 430 and back axle package 432 disjunctors, the stroke enlarger of its hydraulic cylinder piston is made of the pull bar 427 of cylinder body both sides and the bar 415 of shouldering of both sides, two pull bars, 427 lower ends are hinged by bearing pin 429, its upper end is hinged by the rear end of horizontal bearing pin 414 and two levers 415, two front ends of shouldering bar are hinged with railway carriage underframe 412 by horizontal bearing pin 419, and two to shoulder the postmedian pin-and-hole of bar hinged with the upper end of piston rod 417 by horizontal bearing pin 416; Be handiness, described Removable hook is two double hook H and the L that left and right symmetrically is installed in frame beam 370 outsides, and the double hook disjunctor of every side is made, and the middle part of double hook is through laterally bearing pin 422 is hinged with frame beam 370; (preferably left and right sides double hook being fixed on the rotating axis 422), have at least the lower hook L of the double hook of a side to be provided with the extension spring 425 that makes its unhook, and its upper hook H is provided with the drag-line 424 that can overcome extension spring power and make its unhook, and drag-line can be introduced driver's cabin and handle; Its course of work is: when extension spring 425 breaks away from left and right sides lower hook L and transverse axis hook on left and right sides upper hook H and the railway carriage underframe 412 is connected, as long as the terrain clearance that the stroke of control hydraulic cylinder 428 pistons can be regulated auxiliary girder 413 rear portions and thrasher 1 is to adapt to the crop of gathering in the crops differing heights; When manipulating pulling cable 424 overcomes extension spring 425 and left and right sides upper hook H broken away from and when left and right sides lower hook L and lateral pin 423 hooks are connected, fastening by U bolt 433 because of the support 426 of lateral pin 423 with the back axle package with leaf spring 434, incline that auxiliary girder can not promoted by bearing pin 436 during the case unloading so hydraulic cylinder piston is up.Also can adopt sleeve-type hydraulic cylinder to increase its piston rod stroke and do not establish the stroke enlarger in addition.For when the railway carriage loading fully loaded with full load not be vehicle frame with back axle apart from all not making lower hook L can hook its corresponding lateral pin 423 simultaneously, 1), adopt double acting hydraulic cylinder can adopt following measure:, when railway carriage is not fully loaded with unloading, can make descent of piston acting and force the distance of vehicle frame and back axle to diminish and to hook its corresponding lateral pin, make the piston stroking upward case unloading of inclining of doing work then up to lower hook L; 2), make the corresponding lateral pin 423 of lower hook L adjustable from the distance of back axle package, for example make the left and right sides support 426 of this lateral pin have many horizontal pin-and-holes to differing heights, best and the back axle package disjunctor casting of this support, its position can be in the inboard of this side hydraulic cylinder, and the top that corresponding Removable hook also is installed in this support is the inboard of frame beam.
When this reaping machine is set out on a journey transportation, can make hydraulic cylinder piston be in the free floating state, it can assist leaf spring to play cushioning effect.The operating mechanism of hydraulic valve can be located in the driver's cabin with handled easily.Can utilize rearview mirror to judge the regression direction during this machine harvest operation.
The harvesting apparatus required drive can followingly provide: 1), divide the power get this car engine, and for example: a, behind this car clutch, establish a transfer gear power is given car back axle and each parts of harvesting apparatus; B, the power take-off gear branch from this car speed changer are got power and are transmitted through the harvesting apparatus of another vertical drive path to the car rear portion; The engine of another smaller power 2), is installed on vehicle frame.
(6) other type
Figure 64 and Figure 65 show a kind of storehouse dress formula reaping machine, this machine is suitable for bag and puts formula and car dress essentially identical sheller unit 3 of formula reaping machine and grain conveying device, its running gear has adopted the bigger crawler belt of the area that lands 120, be provided with silo 121 in the back upper place of running gear and take off cleaning plant again, engine 80 and cushion 54 are arranged on silo 121 and take off the place ahead of cleaning plant again, the working depth of sheller unit 3 has effort-saving mechanism to regulate control by hydraulic jack 162 or other, and its cereal of taking off is delivered to through conveying plant and taken off cleaning plant again.The clean grain grain of bottom handlebar that takes off cleaning plant again is sent to the horizontal collection screw feeder 163 of silo 121, have in the silo 121 and screw feeder 163 axial relative horizontal collection screw feeders 164, between two horizontal collection screw feeder axle heads, elevator screw feeder 165 is arranged, have on silo 121 tops with elevator screw feeder 165 and intersect the row's grain screw feeder 166 that joins, the imperial groove bottom of row's grain screw feeder 166 has one can open the grain-entering mouth 167 that can close.When needs were stored up grain, grain-entering mouth 167 was opened, screw feeder 164 stalls, and the grain grain after please selecting enters silo 121 through screw feeder 163,165 and 166; When the grain grain in the needs discharge silo 121, grain-entering mouth 167 is closed, and screw feeder 163 stalls or thrust are rotated in opposite directions, and the grain grain in the storehouse is discharged through screw feeder 164,165 and 166 and unloaded; When adopting the retinue goods carrying vehicle to connect grain or have the special messenger to connect grain not need to store up grain, grain-entering mouth 167 is still closed, screw feeder 164 stalls, other three screw feeders runnings.
Figure 66 illustrates a kind of vanning formula reaping machine that uses with walking tractor matching, the sheller unit 3 of this machine is arranged on the same support 168 of guide plate 53 tops together with the front portion of conveying plant, the frame of the rear end of support 168 and hand tractor 169 is hinged, for making things convenient for transmission, its hinge pin preferably with the coaxial or coaxial line of wheel shaft of middle drive 170.Turn to for stretching long transporting pipe 408 bendings and influence complete machine after avoiding, transporting pipe 408 can be suspended on the support 172 with rope or chain 171, make preferably simultaneously that to transport pipe 408 crossing with the vertical line of the towing pin 174 between the trailer 173 with tractor 169, and be provided with spherical joint herein.
(7) grain conveying device of reaping machine
For avoiding too much repeated description and being convenient to quote, now represent grain conveying device and come the classifying and numbering narration according to the flow process of cereal with T.
T
1Big class.Its common trait is, as Figure 44,46,51,54,61,62, they are the adapted higher twin shaft thrasher 2 of shaft position thereafter all, its carrier is delivered to the higher position to the cereal of taking off, and the grain sliding plate 440 at two side shields 315, overhead guard plate 49 and the rear of its splash guard surrounds the high position that can derive cereal backward and leads grain passage 317.
T
11Class.As Figure 44,46, T
1A described high position lead grain passage 317 receive gradually backward the width of cloth become one or about two go into bag pipe 50, i.e. a T
11The class grain conveying device can be used for the less and close handy pouch installation of taking off the grain device of grain sack of aforementioned various fabric width.Go into when pipe bag for two about employing, the front portion of its common diaphragm preferably can swing in order to go into going out the paddy amount so that can not shut down during people's operation and alternately changing left and right sides grain sack 88 of bag pipe about control manually.
T
12Type.As Figure 51, a described high position is led grain passage 317 makes the grain grain slip into the discharge pipe 442 of final stage elevator blower fan 406 backward downwards, and the cereal that is communicated with this discharge pipe transports pipe 408 and the grain grain is blown rises up into grain sack 88.
T
13Class.Its common trait such as Figure 54,61,62, T
1The described grain passage 317 of leading is included into the high-order horizontal collection screw feeder 26 at twin shaft thrasher 2 rears to cereal, and this screw feeder is the put out cereal mouth of the horizontal collection of grain grain to its side or middle part.
T
131Type.As Figure 54, mouthful bottom grain inlet of the shell of 27 connection elevator screw feeders 445 of putting out cereal at above-mentioned screw feeder 26 middle parts, the upper opening of screw feeder 445 shells is communicated with into bag pipe 50.The elevator screw feeder can be driven by the bevel-gear sett 503 of its underpart.
T
132Type.Can be when being used at the bottom of the car suspension type reaping machine as Figure 62, T
13Mouthfuls 27 discharge pipes 442 that through wind stopping device 407 after, are communicated with final stage elevator blower fan 406 downwards of putting out cereal at described screw feeder 26 middle parts, the upper end of the elevator pipe 408 that is communicated with this discharge pipe regularly or automatic butt the described entrucking pipe 446 that is installed on railway carriage 435 underframe of connection.This kind of also can be used for car front-mounted reaping machine.
T
133Class.For suspension type reaping machine at the bottom of the described car, also can between the horizontal collection screw feeder 26 of a described high position and this car back axle through support and bolt install one or about a plurality of elevator screw feeders or elevator centrifugal blower or vane type winnow arranged side by side, make high-order horizontal collection screw feeder put out cereal mouthfuls 27 with their grain-entering mouth (see before and state) corresponding connection, the vertical or hypsokinesis ground of their elevator pipe upwards connection passes the described entrucking pipe 446 of carriage bottom plate.
T
134Type.Be used for car front-mounted reaping machine, the mouth 27 of putting out cereal at the horizontal collection screw feeder of a described high position 26 middle parts makes the grain grain fall into aforesaid three-roller type loudspeaker and then raises into railway carriage.
T
135Class.Be used for suspension type reaping machine at the bottom of packing machine or the car, described screw feeder 26 is pushed the grain grain to its side, in this side chain scraper elevator or impeller winnow or the centrifugal blower coaxial with screw feeder 26 is installed, their elevator pipe grain grain elevator to grain sack or railway carriage.As Figure 61, through its pipe 447 of rising the grain grain being raised into railway carriage from railway carriage 435 sides with the coaxial winnow 37 of screw feeder 26 of automobile back wheel 431 rear flank, what the pipe upper end that rises can be communicated with in railway carriage bending leads the grain pipe.Winnow 37 can be replaced by the chain scraper elevator.
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2Class.There is grain conveying device longitudinally the back lower place at described single shaft or twin shaft thrasher, and it is admitted by the grain grain of leading grain passage whereabouts of sheller unit and upwards is delivered to high-order horizontal collection screw feeder 26 backward, and the back level grain conveying device of this screw feeder can be with above-mentioned T
13Class.Vertically grain conveying device can followingly be realized:
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21Traveling bed.As Figure 60, conveyer belt 448 and thrasher 1 be with wide, its preliminary roller less with can be horizontally placed on 1 time rear of thrasher nearby be beneficial to collect cereal than anteposition, roller 450 can be made driven roller thereafter.For making the up gradient that strengthens conveyer belt 448 pilled-in selvedges, can add belt hold roller 451 and following belt hold roller 452 behind the preliminary roller 449 nearby, the periphery of last belt hold roller can be wrapped one deck padded coaming, to prevent grain grain sputter loss.The conveyer belt outer surface can add alternate little convex-concave, as the spiculation convex-concave among the figure.Two side shields 315 of thrasher can extend back and block the both sides of conveyer belt.The grain grain that conveyer belt is dished out to the back upper place is by grain sliding plate 440 and overhead guard plate 49 are included into high-order horizontal collection screw feeder 26 thereafter.The mouth 27 of putting out cereal at screw feeder 26 middle parts can make the grain grain fall on the preliminary roller 403 and the conveyer belt 402 between the pressure roller 405 of three roller loudspeakers.
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22, shuttle board.As Figure 56, be provided with at the nearly rear of thrasher 1 one with its shuttle board 41 with fabric width; The back lower place that the front end of shuttle board extends thrasher is beneficial to admit the grain grain, there is high-order horizontal collection screw feeder 26 back lower place of the upper end of shuttle board, it is jagged horizontal fin and groove 42 that the upper surface of shuttle board has the side-looking figure, shuttle board be driven and during by a small margin reciprocal shake under doing tiltedly to go up tiltedly grain grain on it backward to the upthrow liter, its two side shield can be prolonged backward by the side shield of thrasher and forms.Shuttle board can be driven by the crank mechanism 43 on its skeleton top, and the low level portion of its skeleton can be hinged with rocking bar 44, and rocking bar end in addition is hinged with frame.The leading portion of shuttle board also can to antecurvature stretch and in roller is limited in the guide rail of basic horizontal, do before and after shake.
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3Big class.Shown in Figure 45,49,50,52,53,55,56,57,58,59,60,63,64,66, the common trait of this type of grain conveying device is, two side shields 315 of described sheller unit splash guard, overhead guard plate 49 the grain grain is included into single shaft thrasher 1 rear with the horizontal collection screw feeder 28 of its low level with fabric width, can add grain sliding plate 30 between the pot shell 29 of screw feeder 28 and the thrasher.Screw feeder 28 is the horizontal mouth of putting out cereal that is pushed into its middle part or side of grain grain, and this mouth of putting out cereal is communicated with following cereal hoisting equipment:
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31Type.As Figure 50,53, bag pipe 50 is communicated with by the pipe 36 that rises of impeller winnow 37 that is installed in the shaft extension section of above-mentioned screw feeder 28.
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32Type.As Figure 45,55,64, the lower end sprocket wheel of chain scraper type elevator 31 is coaxial with screw feeder 28, puts out cereal mouthful and to be communicated with to go into bag pipe 50 or to take off cleaning plant (seeing Figure 64) again in the top of elevator.
T
33, as Figure 49, putting out cereal mouthful of described screw feeder 28 is communicated with the grain inlet of elevator screw feeder 504 bottoms, and put out cereal and mouthful be communicated with to go into bag pipe 50 in the top of elevator screw feeder 504.(all and low level screw feeder 28 coaxial elevators can be installed on certain side shaft section of stretching of screw feeder 28, if be arranged on the middle part of screw feeder 28, this elevator channel preceding can add overlook grain grain reflecting plate that figure is a drift angle angular shape forward so that the grain grain to the front lower place reflection lose).
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34Type, as Figure 59, with the coaxial little winnow of the horizontal collection screw feeder of above-mentioned low level 28 the grain grain is raised big winnow 37 into thereafter, its pipe 36 upper ends that rise are communicated with the elevator pipe 408 of elevator blower fans 406 through wind stopping device 407, and elevator pipe 408 is communicated with aforesaid entrucking pipe under vehicle frame.
T
35。As Figure 52,57,58,63,66, about 28 two sections of horizontal collection screw feeders of described low level just, reverse helical blade can be the somewhere of the horizontal collection of grain grain to its middle part or certain side, the screw feeder pot shell 29 at this place lower opening backward is communicated with suction fortune pipe 38, the upper end of inhaling the fortune pipe is communicated with the expansion chamber portion of the assorted separator 39 of grain, the open top of separator 39 is communicated with the air inlet of air-breathing centrifugal blower and the negative pressure that keeps when making the work of low pressure jar can suction cereal through air intake duct 40, the grain grain enters final stage elevator blower fan 406 because of the wind stopping device 407 of gravity fall through the separator below, and the elevator pipe 408 of elevator blower fan is communicated with to go into bag pipe 50 or entrucking pipe.
Described air-breathing centrifugal blower can be: the air-breathing impurities removal blower fan that (1) is special-purpose, promptly have only light foreign material in the cereal to enter air-breathing impurities removal blower fan through air intake duct and blow out outside the machine through the discharge pipe of this blower fan; (2) as Figure 52,57, air-breathing centrifugal blower also is described final stage elevator blower fan 408 simultaneously, and its air inlet only is communicated with air intake duct 40.Described separator 39 can adopt common positive displacement or whirlwind separator etc., described wind stopping device can be rotary blade type or check valve-type.Described check valve-type wind stopping device can be that a kind of shown in Figure 51,52,57,66 is hinged on to the valve that utilizes gravity and/or elastic force to close in the grain pipe 501, and it is by piling up certain thickness cereal thereon and intercept the air-flow that blows fortune pipe 408 and reflux to inhaling the fortune pipe for pushing valve open.Above-mentioned which kind of pattern all can be used for aforementioned two kinds of dual-purpose cargo vehicle formula reaping machines.
At the bottom of being used for car during the suspension type reaping machine, as Figure 63, the tank body of separator 39 can be installed in the place ahead of back wheels of vehicle 431, the outside of car longeron 370, also can account for the outer space of railway carriage side, its underpart can tilt in car so that the grain grain can fall into the discharge pipe 442 of the elevator centrifugal blower 406 that is installed on the car longeron through wind stopping device 407.Adopt air-breathing impurities removal blower fan as other, its impeller can be installed with the same transverse axis of the impeller of elevator blower fan 406.Inhale fortune pipe 38 and can be communicated with separator 39 by circular hole 502 backs that the car middle part is passed on the car longeron.
(8) cereal separates, and takes off again and cleaning plant
In order to improve the efficient of harvest operation, prevent that cereal from taking place damaged and obtain pure grain grain in course of conveying, above-mentioned all kinds of reaping machines also can be single or comprehensive selection ground add the cereal separation, take off and cleaning plant again.
Figure 50 illustrates a kind of slide sieve 126, is fixedly installed on elevator pipe 36 and goes between the bag pipe 50, relies on the inclination of sieve sheet to make paddy, the assorted separation with the on-stream inevitable vibration of engine.
Figure 51,52,57,66 shows a kind of very simple tail gas cleaning plant 127, what this device had with blowing that fortune pipe 408 is ganged up the relative expansion of area of passage cleans runner 128, enter and make the sedimentation of grain grain below the floating velocity (about 7 meter per seconds) that the band grain air-flow of cleaning runner 128 is decelerated to the grain grain and 129 slip into, and light foreign material continue to suspend and brought into impurity-discharging pipe 130 until the discharge machine outside or enter ten casees of mixing by air-flow into bag pipe 50 (or grain dischzrging tubes) through the inclined-plane.To clean effect in order improving, also blinds slide plate 131 can be set in cleaning runner, the ramp face of this blinds slide plate 131 welcomes flow path direction, and the gradient on its arrangement pitches and inclined-plane can allow the grain grain slide smoothly at least.
According to above-mentioned expander deceleration sedimentation principle, also can adopt following tail gas to clean mode:
(1) as Figure 67, a curved surface 132 is arranged at the top of cleaning runner 128 of blowing the relative expansion of transporting pipe 408 upper ends, and it can make the downward reflection of grain grain of slowing down with air-flow fall into grain dischzrging tube 50 rapidly, and light foreign material continuation suspension is brought into impurity-discharging pipe 130 by air-flow.
(2) as Figure 68, inner casing 132 in the sealing of blowing the hollow that a date core shaped is arranged above fortune pipe 408 upper port near, inner casing and shell 133 are blown on the fortune pipe 408 by muscles and bones being fixed on, what constitute the cross section between the inside and outside shell and be annular and sectional area flaring cleans runner 128, enter the grain grain deceleration sedimentation of cleaning runner 128 with air-flow and fall into oblique chute 135 through shell 133 lower ends and the annular grain dischzrging tube 134 that blows between the fortune pipe 408, finally enter the stock device, and light foreign material are still with outside the impurity-discharging pipe 130 discharge machines of passing through on the decelerating flow.
(3) as Figure 69, its gas blow pipe 408 is communicated with that area of passages enlarge cleans runner 128, and the lower surface 136 of cleaning runner 128 tilts can make the grain grain of sedimentation slip into grain dischzrging tube 50, and light foreign material with decelerating flow outside impurity-discharging pipe 130 discharge machines.
In three kinds of tail gas cleaning plants shown in above-mentioned Figure 67 to Figure 69, for preventing that light foreign material sedimentation or grain grain from being blown to impurity-discharging pipe, preferably deposit to be provided with between the import of the outlet of blowing fortune pipe 408 and grain dischzrging tube 50 and only allow mistake drift net 137 that air-flow and grain grain pass through or also cleaning runner 128 or be provided with relief port on the shell of impurity-discharging pipe 130 near it, this relief port has only ventilative and can not allow cereal fence 138 that passes through and the gas shutoff plate 139 with certain gravity or elastic force, gas shutoff plate 139 is hinged on the shell of cleaning circulation 128 or impurity-discharging pipe 130, when the air pressure in cleaning runner 128 is too high, gas shutoff plate 139 is pushed open by air-flow and is exitted, also can be by the aperture of manual adjustment gas shutoff plate.
In order to improve the operating efficiency of reaping machine, it is economical allowing capes and adopting comparatively easy rethreshing device to finish and take off again.Figure 57 and Figure 72 illustrate a kind of dual-purpose structure of setting up rethresher in the inner chamber of the assorted separator 39 of positive displacement grain; its dual-purpose mode is the rasp bar formula that but a horizontal dead axle rotates in the housing 140 of separator or hits tooth-like re-threshing roller 141; below re-threshing roller 141, be provided with concave grate 142; for making the assorted separation of grain and only assorted surplus entering again being taken off; above concave grate 142 1 sides, also can be provided with the assorted sieve 143 in the hurdle that joins with it; inhale the cereal that send enters re-threshing roller 141 through bend pipe 144 top by inhaling fortune pipe 38; because the inner chamber area of passage of shell separator 140 increases and effect of inertia; cereal moves forward in the process of sedimentation; its seed passes the assorted sieve 143 in hurdle and falls into to grain pipe 501; mix surplus then being trapped and fall into rethresher; re-threshing roller 141 rotates in a direction indicated by the arrow; the assorted surplus cylinder-concave clearance that is involved between re-threshing roller 141 and the concave grate 142; passed concave grate 142 by the seed taken off and fall into to grain pipe 501 and blow fortune pipe 408 with converging without the grain grain that takes off again to inject through check valve 407, weeds are then discharged from cylinder-concave clearance and are inhaled fortune stream and bring blower fan 406 into.
Figure 73 is an another kind of dual-purpose structure of setting up rethresher in the inner chamber of positive displacement separator, its operation principle and aforesaid way are basic identical, difference is that it is an axial-flow type, the cereal of carrying by air-flow through the grid screen 148 of the helical tooth 146 of re-threshing roller 141 leading portions and concave grate 142 leading portions seed and assorted surplus the separation, and assorted surplus pushing away in the cylinder-concave clearance that back and forth takes off cylinder 141 and concave grate 142 and spiral guide plate 147 formations, weeds after taking off are again discharged from the other end of re-threshing roller 141, and fall into to grain pipe 501 with converging again from grid screen 148 with from the seed that concave grate 142 is separated.
Above-mentioned hurdle assorted sieve 143 structures that preferably adopt shown in Figure 74, Figure 75, its grating 149 is evenly vertical at interval or be tilted to down and overhang, in order to avoid hang careless.
Figure 70 show a kind of can with the matching used cleaning plant that takes off again of various conveying plant.Install clearly above cleaning unit 150, have a horizontal rethresher, the re-threshing roller 141 of rethresher can be the rasp bar formula or hit tooth-likely, be arranged in the cylindrical cavity that the concave grate 142 by the spiral guide plate 147 of the first half and bottom surrounded.One end of cylindrical cavity communicates with grain pipe 501, and the other end communicates with impurity-discharging pipe 130.The cereal that enters inner chamber from grain pipe 501 passes from concave grate 142 and falls into cleaning unit 150 taking off the process its grain grain again, and weeds move axially and discharge from impurity-discharging pipe under the effect of re-threshing roller 141 and spiral guide plate 147.The blow that the grain grain that enters cleaning unit 150 is subjected to fan 151 makes light foreign material outside impurity discharging port (pipe) 130 discharge machines, and the clean grain grain after cleaning then falls into the horizontal collection screw feeder 164 of below and is sent to the stock device.
Figure 71 illustrate another kind can with the matching used cleaning plant that takes off again of various conveying plant.The answering of this device taken off with to clean part identical with structure shown in Figure 70, its difference is that a tilting drum sieve 152 is arranged in addition above rethresher, this drum sieve can rotate, circular ports 153 sockets of end that it is higher and grain pipe 501, a lower end communicates with the Za Kou that goes into of rethresher through giving assorted groove 154.During operation, enter cereal in the drum sieve 152 at following grain grain of stirring and assorted surplus separation of the suitable rotating speed of drum sieve from grain pipe 501, the grain grain that is separated falls into cleaning unit 150, assorted surplusly then pass concave grate 142 and falls into cleaning unit 150 equally through entering grain grain that rethresher takes off again through rethresher for assorted groove 154 from the low side of drum sieve 152.
Figure 64 and Figure 65 give instructions in reply take off cleaning plant also can with the supporting use of various conveying plant.This device has the underslung type paddy by toggle 176 drives above cleaning unit 150, assorted bolter 177, the one end is positioned at mouthful below of giving grain mouth 501 that joins of putting out cereal with conveying plant, the below of the other end is by the rethresher of being made up of re-threshing roller 141 and concave grate 142, there is the slide plate 178 that joins with it back upper place of concave grate 142, directly fall from its seed of the separated back of cereal of dropping on the bolter 177 for grain mouth 501, assorted surplus then the end from the layer of bolter 177 enters rethresher through slide plate 178, fan 151 distinguished and admirable from rethresher, two spaces are passed through down, make from assorted surplusly raising that cylinder-concave clearance comes out along the re-threshing roller 141 of direction shown in arrow rotation to upthrow, the light foreign material that taken off grain are by the distinguished and admirable impurity-discharging pipe 130 that blows out, and as yet fully the assorted surplus of threshing enter rethresher far once more because of proportion can not rack more greatly to move past, so circulation outside complete threshing discharge machine till.Regulate inclined to one side aerofoil 179, number of times is taken off in the circulation that can obtain to be fit to again.The grain grain of being deviate from by rethresher and after cleaning, fall into horizontal collection screw feeder 164 from the grain grain that bolter 177 is separated and transported to the stock device, and light foreign material are outside impurity discharging port 130 discharge machines.
(9) has the vertical sheller unit of putting thrasher
Described sheller unit also can adopt another kind of version.Shown in Figure 76 to Figure 78, this formula sheller unit comprises thrasher, nearside divider 319 and splash guard 200.It is briar tooth cylinder 1 that thrasher should adopt aforesaid single shaft thrasher, the axle 199 single or multiple lateral separations that its warp is basic parallel with direction of advance are indulged with arranging and are put on highly constant or adjustable support, its working depth is as above-mentioned pressure-bearing type, and it goes into the waist that stalk working face 17 can contact primary straw.Nearside divider 319 for the front end point and at least both sides the cone on slant edge or inclined-plane is arranged, be spaced the place ahead and the close briar tooth cylinder of sheller unit that branchs be located at each briar tooth cylinder 1 and go into the place ahead of stalk working face 17 1 sides.Splash guard 200 is for having the housing in each thrasher shroud space 197, its front have with the aligned gaps of nearside divider 319 be connected mutually be higher than crop go into stalk mouth 196, it is suitable little to go into the side cover 195 of a side and the gap between briar tooth 18 tooth tops of stalk working face 17 at the briar tooth cylinder in each shroud space 197, mainly communicate with ground through the space of tooth depth and between cog formation, opposite side communicates in order to the vertical chute 194 of putting that grain is imported horizontal screw feeder 28 with its below.Received that the eobiont stalk successfully enters and work tooth district by briar tooth cylinder 1 and obtain good threshing effect for making, the front of splash guard 200 can comprehensively be opened wide or its preceding cover 193 preferably has and the nearside divider 319 corresponding inclined-planes 192 of flaring forward, briar tooth 18 on the briar tooth cylinder should adopt pitch to distribute, and its helical head number is that the number of teeth in the same track single face preferably can make the primary straw 20 of linear state to be entered not contact the briar tooth 18 (also including the non-briar tooth number of teeth of certain altitude) of a plurality of same trajectory planes simultaneously.During work, the primary straw 20 that moves after the advancing of complete machine makes relatively goes into stalk working face tooth district to what go into that stalk mouth 196 draws close and enter the briar tooth cylinder under the sub-argument guide effect on the inclined-plane 192 of nearside divider 319 and preceding cover, the briar tooth cylinder with respect to straw 20 upwards running make it crooked and fringe portion is caused top threshing zone 191 carry out threshing, the grain of being taken off transfers to the subsequent delivery device and the primary sheller unit of recessing of stalk that taken off through splash guard 200, chute 194 and screw feeder 28.For the working depth that as far as possible reduces the briar tooth cylinder to adapt to the job requirements of shorter crop, chute 194 also can be replaced by the vertical screw feeder of putting.This longitudinal sheller unit can make straw in the threshing zone height is constant thereby the cylinder that can extend prolongs single fringe threshing time or the raising reaping machine pace done with respect to the briar tooth cylinder in the axially movable threshing course.
(10) automatic control system that turns to of the harvest operation of primary threshing rice wheat harvester walking
Especially can set up automatic control system that harvest operation walking turn on the suspension type reaping machine relatively large at the bottom of as car.The technical solution of this system is (as Figure 79): 1, below at least one side of the thrasher 1 of reaping machine 45 front portions or the rear be provided with pressure-sensitive plate B near the outside
1With close B
1Inboard pressure-sensitive plate B
2, can change on off state during the elastic force pressure of every block of pressure-sensitive plate straw after being subjected to just results, by pressure-sensitive plate B by at least one electric switch of its control
1And B
2The duty of the switch combination state of whole electric switches of control and the harvester steering executing agency that handled by its circuit is following three kinds: a, current time be harvesting crops face S
1With as time firm harvesting crops face S
2Boundary line L at pressure-sensitive plate B
2Inboard the time, two pressure-sensitive plates all do not have firm results straw and suppress, all the assembled state of the electric switches radius of turn that turns to executing agency to make reaping machine turn or reduce to turn left left through its circuit steering; B, when boundary line L at pressure-sensitive plate B
1The outside time, two pressure-sensitive plates all are subjected to just having gathered in the crops suppressing of straw, all second kind of assembled state of electric switches turns to executing agency that reaping machine is bent to right or reduces to have the radius of turn of commentaries on classics through its circuit steering; C, when L at B
1With B
2But the pressure-sensitive position between the time, all the third assembled state of electric switches turns to executing agency to keep the existing drift angle of harvester steering wheel through its circuit steering; 2, the machine of described two pressure-sensitive plates in addition side have the pressure standing grain of low level to roll (also can utilize road wheel) or cutter so that the elastic force pressure of gathering in the crops straw that is in the boundary line L outside is obviously little and can not change the on off state of the electric switch of pressure-sensitive plate than the firm elastic force pressure of gathering in the crops straw that is in boundary line L inboard.
See Figure 80, pressure-sensitive plate B
1Often open electric switch K for two of control
11, K
12And dc source 46 common dc motor M, the motor driven harvester steering reduction gearing mechanisms handled.With above-mentioned corresponding three kinds of duties be: a, two pressure-sensitive plates all do not have firm results straw and suppress, i.e. electric switch K
11And K
12Disconnect and K
21And K
22Closure, at this moment electromotor M's turns to the radius of turn that makes reaping machine turn left or reduce to turn left; B, two pressure-sensitive plates all are subjected to just to have gathered in the crops straw and suppress, i.e. electric switch K
11And K
12Closure and K
21And K
22Disconnect electromotor M counter-rotating at this moment, the radius of turn that reaping machine is turned right or reduced to turn right; C, when L at B
1With B
2But the pressure-sensitive position between the time, B
1Not being subjected to just to have gathered in the crops straw suppresses and K
11And K
12Disconnect B
2Being subjected to just gathering in the crops straw suppresses and K
21And K
22Also disconnect, electromotor no current process, harvester steering wheel drift angle is constant.
When the service orientation dish turns to, in order to avoid the inertia resistance square of motor rotor, make through the drive axial slip of feather key and motor shaft interlock and make it be in released state but can establish shift fork.
For the reaping machine that hydraulic system is arranged, for example existing hydraulic pressure dumping device can utilize hydraulic cylinder to control harvester steering.As Figure 81, not during harvest operation, available manual steering wheel drives certain axle 601 rotation and drives its spoke bar 602 swings, spoke bar end in addition slides the spool 605 of the control valve 604 of hydraulic cylinder by slotted hole pin mechanism 603 alive, valve body 604 can be hinged with frame 608, and spool 605 outer ends and spoke bar 602 are hinged by bearing pin 603.Automatic controlling system double acting hydraulic cylinder push-and-pull steering arm turns to during harvest operation, and rotating shaft 601 has return spring (as torsion spring) to make it be tending towards remaining on the neutral position.On above-mentioned spoke bar 602, fix a permanent-magnet steel 606, with be wound with dc coil 609 on the electromagnet 607 of its coupling, the two ends of coil are connected with dc source through the pressure-sensitive switches set as shown in Figure 80, three kinds of above-mentioned four electric switches work assembled state are just in time corresponding to the duty of 606 3 kinds of positions of the magnet steel in this example: a, coil 609 forward conductions, magnet steel 606 adhesives, hydraulic valve control hydraulic cylinder makes reaping machine turn to a certain side; B, coil 609 reverse-conductings, magnet steel 606 are subjected to repulsive force and control reaping machine turning to opposite side; C, coil 609 no powers, magnet steel 606 are remained on the neutral position by return spring, thereby hydraulic valve 604 makes hydraulic cylinder piston be stabilized in existing position, and the existing travel condition of reaping machine remains unchanged.
Permanent-magnet steel 606 can be replaced by soft iron, this soft iron can with about the adhesives respectively of two blocks of electromagnet, left and right sides electromagnet is turned to by the control of described pressure-sensitive switch.Executing agency also can use the power of reaping machine engine, and for example, branch is got engine power and behind a small-sized gearshift case power reached steering wheel shaft system, and the shift fork of this gear shift case is converted to its positive shelves, reverse gear or three kinds of work of neutral gear shapes by above-mentioned electromagnet.
Turn to automatic control system work more reliable and more stable for making, can take following measure: 1, avoid the pressure-sensitive switch to flow through big electric current, for example, control the little electric current of base stage or the control relay of its corresponding big electric current triode with the pressure-sensitive switch; 2, the drift angle of harvester steering wheel does not change voluntarily when making this robot control system(RCS) be in described duty C, can add damping or arrestment mechanism in steering drive axle system, for example can design the electromagnetic braking lock and make three kinds of conversion of operation state synchronous coordinations; 3, for preventing that each startup of pressure-sensitive switch from turning to executing agency to its overlong time that stops to move, it is all excessive to be the amount that prevents from every turn to change radius of turn, can add timer in the change-over circuit of pressure-sensitive switched electrical signal, promptly timer has the time of signal of telecommunication output to be only the actuation time that turns to executing agency.1), begin to export the signal of telecommunication and keep t when receiving the pressure-sensitive switched electrical signal function of each timer is preferably:
1Stop output after the duration; 2) keep t after, each output finishes
2Duration stop output state, promptly at t
2There is input also not export in the duration; 3), t
1, t
2Duration is adjustable respectively.In the results practice, can be the duration t of the timer of control duty a and b
1And t
2Be adjusted to respectively and make the average time of in running order C the longest.
(11) rice and wheat straw is handled
According to agricultural experts' hope, the optimal treating method of stalk is that direct returning to farmland is made fertilizer, and fertilizer efficiency is the highest, and cost is low again, and transports back after cutting after the threshing of stockaded village after fragrance field also, and the organic component loss of stalk is many, fertilizer efficiency is poor, also waste transport power.Exempting to cut rice and wheat straw after the threshing directly turns over and presses buried pears tool also can followingly to realize: pull the horizontal nip drum of certain width and weight or press comb in the distance of the crop stalk length in the place ahead of the mouldboard of animal power or motor-driven single ploughshare or multishare plough, forward to overwhelm and to push down the top of straw, the mouldboard that is beneficial to thereafter turns over the buried fertilizer of doing of pressure to stalk.Press the short comb that points on the comb crossbeam down also can not forward straw also combing to the ploughshare direction of advance be more conducive to buried and the rake farming already.
Cut off stalk as need, this machine can add cutter sweep in the back lower place of sheller unit, add shown in Figure 57, its cutter 181 can be arranged on apart from the position of sheller unit rear portion greater than straw length, and the side lay that its stalk of cutting off is delivered to grain header by the transverse onveyer 182 that is arranged on cutter 181 back upper places on the ground.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of primary threshing rice wheat harvester, it comprises harvesting apparatus, the device and drive the control part of storing up grain; Described harvesting apparatus has sheller unit at least, or also has grain conveying device or also have grain cleaning machine between sheller unit and stock device; The described control part of driving has walking and transfer, operating mechanism and actuating unit; Described stock device and/or drive control part be this machine special use or use supporting; Described sheller unit has one or more its horizontal or vertical thrashers of putting and in order to the splash guard of enclosing sputter grain, the going into the stalk working face and can contact the waist of promptly receiving primary straw of thrasher, have into stalk between thrasher and the splash guard and lead a passage, one end of this passage or a side have into the stalk mouth, and its other end or opposite side communicate with stock device or grain conveying device; Described thrasher have numerous threshings hit tooth and can be driven and carry threshing hit tooth around or make the carrier that certain axial width is arranged of ring Zhou Yundong along with the single of basic horizontal or many parallel axes, threshing is hit on the outer peripheral face that tooth is fixed on carrier and protruding certain length, have between the denticle circumferentially or basic circumferentially be communicated with deposit the stalk space, or be called and deposit the stalk passage, the outer peripheral face of carrier can contact primary straw waist in the track plane of simple ring Zhou Yundong the stalk working face of going into is an arcwall face, and the work rotation direction of described ring Zhou Yundong makes and is in arc and goes into threshing on the stalk working face and hit on the teeth directional and move; It is characterized in that: it is briar tooth that numerous threshings of described thrasher are hit tooth all or part of, on the denticle of described briar tooth with respect to its building ring week the direction of motion at least one side have at least one and have the projection of certain lateral geometric component or the part of stretching out, abbreviate extended portion or projection as, be called outer projection from carrier projection far away; Stretching between the denticle that is adjacent of end of projection has into the stalk gap, and this is gone into the stalk gap and has at work and allow primary straw enter the unobstructed property that it deposits the stalk passage accordingly unobstructedly; At least the outer projection that has briar tooth in described each periphery of depositing the stalk passage; At least outer rib or the face of close himself track ring in the outer projection that lateral geometric component is bigger forms the tooth slope, and the tendency and the gradient of tooth slope faceted pebble can make the primary straw of suppressing thereon be easy to slip into the described stalk passage of depositing by its tooth top side; The axial width of tooth top is less to be beneficial to insert primary straw clump crack; Form hook near interior rib or the face of himself track ring in the outer projection, the tendency of hook faceted pebble and the gradient make it can the hook pressure enter the straw of depositing the stalk passage from going into the stalk gap in it deposits the stalk passage under corresponding work linear velocity at least; At least the end of stretching of the outer projection of briar tooth is adjacent described between the denticle and goes into the stalk gap and describedly go into the unobstructed property of stalk also to have the so-called one-way that makes primary straw only import but no export except that having; Each deposits the long-pending size in effective cross section of the stalk deposited of stalk passage can hold the whole temporary straw that this enters and does not recess as yet at least.
2, rice wheat harvester according to claim 1, the single briar tooth that it is characterized in that described thrasher is elasticity and/or centrifugal distortion briar tooth, at least be that elasticity is connected and/or is hinged between the outer projection of such briar tooth and its tooth body, the direction of its elastic force and/or the direction of its hinge pin make the straw elastic force pressure that its outer projection is suffered at work at least, hit counter-force, deformable or displacement in the change procedure of making a concerted effort of power such as centrifugal force of self and/or elastic force and make its stretch end relatively its tooth body produce displacement and the described effective width of going into the stalk gap that makes that it stretches distolateral limit can be regulated automatically with the change of the elastic force pressure of straw, thereby make it be easier to have into unobstructed property of stalk and one-way function.
3, it is less acute angle that the angle that rice wheat harvester according to claim 1, the threshing that it is characterized in that described thrasher hit the active line velocity attitude at the tendency of mainly meeting every some place on the faceted pebble head-on of tooth and this some place is promptly met the angle head-on; Described meet head-on faceted pebble thereon the tendency at certain place of point be smooth tendency or the non-smooth tendency of meeting the smooth enveloping surface of hypothesis of faceted pebble at this tangent plane of selecting head-on of meeting faceted pebble at this tangent plane of selecting head-on.
4, rice wheat harvester according to claim 1; what tooth was hit in the threshing that it is characterized in that described thrasher meets mainly that the described size of meeting the angle head-on at each point place changes with this some position on the faceted pebble head-on; its Changing Pattern is; when hitting the tooth working motion to described threshing zone; its corresponding angle of meeting head-on of meeting the some position that active line speed is big more on the faceted pebble head-on is more little, and this is to make thrasher respectively meet on the faceted pebble each point place head-on under same suitable working speed the hitting power of stalk fringe is imitated almost to be equal to the desired level that diminishes greatly.
5, rice wheat harvester according to claim 1, the carrier that hits tooth that it is characterized in that described thrasher is the single shaft cylinder, the tooth body that is fixed on the briar tooth on the cylinder outer peripheral face is the circumferential or basic dividing plate that circumferentially prolongs, axially adjacent dividing plate is parallel to each other substantially, be equally spaced, its projection is fixed on the dividing plate or with the dividing plate disjunctor and makes, and is to deposit the bar passage between the dividing plate.
6, rice wheat harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that its sheller unit has the skew crossing type single shaft thrasher of a horizontal stalk arranged, and has at the nearly rear of thrasher and its strut rail or little threshing cylinder with fabric width.
7, rice wheat harvester according to claim 1, its feature have in, its sheller unit has single shaft or twin shaft thrasher, is provided with and its Spatterproof curtains with fabric width in the front upper place of this thrasher.
8, rice wheat harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described control part of driving has the guide plate that is arranged on the sheller unit back lower place, has one or two driving wheel at the rear of guide plate.
9, rice wheat harvester according to claim 8 is characterized in that the driving wheel at described guide plate rear can drive double turning to.
10, primary threshing rice wheat harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that described control part and the stock device of driving carried by dual-purpose and borrow automobile and provide, this car and comprise with the individual features of its matching used described harvesting apparatus; (1), on vehicle frame front portion and harvesting apparatus frame, is provided with or has the hitch that between harvest time, to install accordingly, this hitch can be suspended on harvesting apparatus the place ahead of this car in when results: have in (2), the harvesting apparatus pack into the grain conveying device of railway carriage of cereal, should also have corresponding supporting grain conveying device in car; (3), in automobile and harvesting apparatus, have car in the power distribution of engine give the actuating unit of harvesting apparatus, or harvesting apparatus has self-supporting actuating unit.
11, primary threshing rice wheat harvester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that describedly driving control part and the stock device is provided by a kind of dual-purpose cargo vehicle, this car reaches and the individual features of its matching used described harvesting apparatus comprises: have the reverse gear that one-level is fit to the results pace in the speed changer of (1), automobile at least, this car backward advances when harvest operation; (2), vehicle frame and side thereof are stretched and are had the corresponding active bindiny mechanism that harvesting apparatus can be installed on the support, during harvest operation, the back lower place that described sheller unit is installed in vehicle frame is the rear of back wheels of vehicle, at least one side of thrasher results fabric width exceeds the outside of wheel, in order to avoid wheel damages the border crop; (3), have from the railway carriage side in the harvesting apparatus or pass carriage bottom plate pack into the grain conveying device of railway carriage of grain grain; (4), harvesting apparatus divides from car and gets power or be provided with engine in addition.
12, rice wheat harvester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it is the briar tooth cylinder that described sheller unit has the single shaft thrasher of arranging its single or multiple lateral separations substantially parallel with the operation direction of advance, each briar tooth cylinder has its corresponding nearside divider that is positioned at its place ahead and by the space of splash guard shroud, the front portion of splash guard have be higher than straw go into the stalk mouth, each shroud space is positioned at the briar tooth cylinder to be gone into a side of stalk working face and communicates with ground to constitute stalk and promptly cross the stalk passage, and the opposite side formation that communicates with the cereal chute of its below is led a passage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98212103 CN2407568Y (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-31 | Primary threshing rice and wheat harvester |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97202659 | 1997-04-01 | ||
| CN97202659.2 | 1997-04-01 | ||
| CN 98212103 CN2407568Y (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-31 | Primary threshing rice and wheat harvester |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2407568Y true CN2407568Y (en) | 2000-11-29 |
Family
ID=34065822
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98212103 Expired - Fee Related CN2407568Y (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-31 | Primary threshing rice and wheat harvester |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2407568Y (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102405727A (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-04-11 | 湖南省双峰县湘源皇视电子有限公司 | Combine harvester provided with winnower with adjustable working dip angle |
| CN104541767A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-04-29 | 青岛海源草坪有限公司 | Grass seed harvester |
| CN108335298A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-27 | 东南大学 | Cereal-granules counting device |
| CN108783557A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 贵州三人行食品开发有限公司 | Blood Tofu processing device |
| CN111299159A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-19 | 王大亮 | Beer making device and method |
-
1998
- 1998-03-31 CN CN 98212103 patent/CN2407568Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102405727A (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-04-11 | 湖南省双峰县湘源皇视电子有限公司 | Combine harvester provided with winnower with adjustable working dip angle |
| CN102405727B (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2014-05-14 | 湖南省双峰县湘源皇视电子有限公司 | Combine harvester provided with winnower with adjustable working dip angle |
| CN104541767A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-04-29 | 青岛海源草坪有限公司 | Grass seed harvester |
| CN108335298A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-27 | 东南大学 | Cereal-granules counting device |
| CN108335298B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2020-06-16 | 东南大学 | Grain particle counting device |
| CN108783557A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 贵州三人行食品开发有限公司 | Blood Tofu processing device |
| CN108783557B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-06-30 | 贵州三人行食品开发有限公司 | Blood bean curd processing device |
| CN111299159A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-19 | 王大亮 | Beer making device and method |
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