CN2403159Y

CN2403159Y - Controller for electric heater

Info

Publication number: CN2403159Y
Application number: CN 98233047
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯金让
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-09-25
Filing date: 1998-09-25
Publication date: 2000-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 2008-09-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a controller for an electric stove, which can limit the use of the electric appliances with high power such as an electric stove, etc. The conventional used electric appliances with the small power can not be limited in a very large power utilization range, and the utility model can identify if the electric stove is dismantled. The utility model has the outer characteristic of a single-phase electric energy meter type outer shell and a single-phase electric energy meter type connection mode, and the inner structure is composed of a power supply, a current sensing and magnifying part, a current buffering part, a load power comparing control part, a tracking, detection and comparison for the electric stove part, a load starting part, a tracking, detection and control part, etc.

Description

Furnace controller

The utility model relates to a kind of single-phase or long thoroughly restriction of three-phase alternating current high-power electric appliance use of electric power that is used for, even and low power electrical equipment quantity commonly used is many again, integral power is big again and can normal power supply unrestricted, be that each power of all electrical equipment is all less than the power that will limit in the circuit, and integral power does not exceed the management of power use equipment that the maximum power scope all can guarantee normal power supply.

The existing technology of the utility model is that " no power consumption Automatic current-limiter " (91228845.0) beanstalk operation principle all is to be the quantitative limit electric supply installation of foundation with circuit integral power size, if it is big that its weak point quantitative supply district that is limit is done, do not have high-power electric appliance uses such as restriction Electric stove so to a great extent, (for example quantitatively be 5kw, only just may work during near 5kw in peak times of power consumption, in in most cases for example actual electricity consumption at ordinary times below 4kw, use a 1kw or bigger Electric stove just can not work), if it is little that limit is quantitatively done, can only in very little electricity consumption scope, use and (for example accomplish 500w, can only ration the power supply for one or two single room), large-area like this rationing the power supply, electricity-limiter quantity and corresponding establishment certainly will increased, very uneconomical, particularly be not easy to centralized management, artificial destruction is serious unusually., add not ability electrical equipment (as refrigerator) the starting current impact of this class technology, reliability is relatively poor.

The utility model purpose of design provides the electricity-limiter that a kind of brand-new restriction high-power electric appliance uses on a large scale, and it does not influence the small-power conventional electrical appliance uses on a large scale, is convenient to centralized management, and power is more perfect.Require cost lower, easy for installation simultaneously.

The proposition of the utility model design is based on following thought: on the surface, the use that control high-power electric appliances such as Electric stove makes the small-power conventional electrical appliance normally use in big electricity consumption scope again, is a very problem of contradiction.But theirs is that a small-power electrical equipment of every increase (as bulb) is little at original total electricity consumption basis power increment with electrical feature, a high-power electric appliance of every increase (as Electric stove) power increment is big, the size that we can catch this power increment is the breach, solves following three problems again: 1. have buffering time-delay back when impulse current is arranged and judge its real use power when circuit runs into; All power of circuit were power increment when 2. way circuit began electricity consumption, and often doubly a lot of greater than the power of Electric stove, increment is at this moment handled as special circumstances; Circuit had been handled the time-delay of cutting off the power supply when 3. the Supreme People's Procuratorate had measured the high-power electric appliance use, after restoring electricity, how the high-power electric appliance that uses judges whether to remove, whether once more judged result feeds back to actuator's outage, can normal power supply after high-power electric appliance is removed, judge it is that circuit total current during with outage is a foundation like this, if remove, power increment is the appliance power that is reduced.Only in this way, the overall wire line structure could be suitable for institute's requirement.

Therefore, the utility model project organization is: a kind of furnace controller that is used to limit the high-power electric appliance use, has the housing that loam cake (4) and lower cover (5) combination seal form, limited lamp (1) and relay indicating light (3) and the power-limiting regulating handle (2) of giving instructions by telegraph in the housing windowpane, at housing bottom control circuit board is housed and carries out cut-off relay and external terminal (6), control circuit comprises: power supply (1), current sense amplifies (2), current buffering (3), bearing power control (4) is removed to follow the tracks of and is detected than (5), load starts (6) and follows the tracks of several parts compositions such as detecting control (7); Transformer BT in the power supply (1) is elementary to be connected on the 220V power supply secondary being connected on by D ₁-D ₄On the interchange end of the rectifier bridge of forming, the dc terminal of electric bridge connects capacitor C ₁, positive pole connects the input of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing BG, output is sent galvanic current; Current sense amplifies consisting of of (2), and the earth terminal of power supply is connected on B point and the R of lead AB ₂An end, R ₂With R ₃The public termination amplifier A of series connection ₁End of oppisite phase, R ₃The other end and A ₁Output and A ₂In-phase end link to each other resistance R ₁Be connected on A ₁In-phase end and the A point of AB between, R ₄One end ground connection, R ₄With R ₅The public termination A of series connection ₂End of oppisite phase and C ₂One end, A ₂Output termination R ₅The other end and D ₇An end; Consisting of of current buffering (3) through D ₇With C ₂The other end, C ₃, R ₆, R ₇One end links to each other, R ₆, C ₃Other end ground connection, R ₇Another termination C ₄, C ₅, D ₈An end, C ₄Other end ground connection, D ₈With D ₉The public termination C of series connection ₅The other end and R ₈, R ₉An end, D ₉, R ₉Other end ground connection; Load pulse and relatively control (4) in C ₅With R ₉The series connection common port is through R ₈Meet A ₄In-phase end, A ₄Anti-phase termination load actuating section, A ₄Output is through D ₁₁Meet C ₈, R ₁₅, D ₁₂, D ₁₃Amplifier A ₅In-phase end, C ₈, R ₁₅Other end ground connection, D ₁₃Another termination positive resistance R ₁₆, with R ₁₇Between the series connection power positive cathode, public termination A ₅End of oppisite phase, A ₅Output termination R ₁₈, R ₁₉One end, R ₁₉Another termination triode BG ₃Base stage, grounded emitter, collector electrode is through D ₁₅Succeed electrical equipment J ₁To anodal, D ₁₄With J ₁Parallel connection, R ₂₀With D ₁₅In parallel; Remove to follow the tracks of to detect and compare (5) through R ₇End the simulation K switch ₂One end and A ₃In-phase end, resistance R ₁₃With R ₁₄Public termination A connects ₃End of oppisite phase, R ₁₄The other end connects K ₃One end, K ₂, K ₃The other end connects together and meets C ₇, C ₇Other end ground connection, A ₃Output termination BG ₂Base stage, collector electrode just connect, and emitter meets D ₁₂End A ₅In-phase end; Load starts R in (6) ₁₀, R ₁₁, R _wSeries connection, the F point meets R ₁₂One end, R ₁₂Another termination C ₆, K ₁An end and A ₄End of oppisite phase, C ₆, K ₁Another termination positive pole, K ₁Control end is through R ₁₈Meet A ₅Output is through C ₉Ground connection; Follow the tracks of and detect R in the control (7) ₂₄With R ₂₅Be connected in series between power positive cathode public termination A ₆End of oppisite phase, C ₁₁With C ₁₂Be connected in series between power positive cathode public termination A ₆In-phase end and D ₁₆, R ₂₂One end, D ₁₆With R ₂₁The series connection other end and R ₂₂With being connected on BG ₃Collector electrode, A ₆Output is through R ₂₆, D ₁₉Be connected on K after the parallel connection ₂On the control end and through C ₁₃Just meet A ₆Output is through C ₁₄Again through D ₁₇With R ₂₃And be connected in K ₃On the control end, C ₁₀One termination K ₃Control end, other end ground connection, R ₂₇, D ₂₀One another termination of end ground connection C ₁₄An end, A ₆Output through R ₂₉Meet BG ₄Base stage, grounded emitter, collector electrode meets R ₂₈With D ₁₈Connect positive pole after the series connection.

The utility model advantage is that only limiting high-power electric appliance uses individually, is not restricted and small-power electrical equipment is used on a large scale.It is fine to have solved the electricity consumption waste, and has avoided high-power electric appliance to use the accident that causes.Simultaneously, the utility model can interior all-around intelligentization carry out the management of power use on a large scale, has reduced usage quantity and mounting cost, is convenient to centralized management, has prevented artificial destruction.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the utility model profile schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is the utility model circuit theory diagrams.

Embodiment: the product external structure is: the single-phase electric energy tabular form shell and the mode of connection have ration the power supply indicator light and relay indicating light and power-limiting (the Electric stove power that will control) regulating handle all in windowpane integral sealing insulation see (accompanying drawing 1).Internal circuit configuration is that vertical layering is installed in and carries out anchor leg on the insulation board.Furnace controller circuit theory schematic diagram is seen accompanying drawing 2.Comprise 1. transformer BT step-down, diode D ₁-D ₄Full-wave rectification is by capacitor C ₁Filtering three-terminal voltage-stabilizing BG ₁The control circuit power supply is formed in voltage stabilizing;

2. current sense:, on a section lead AB, produce faint pressure drop and be proportional to size of current, by integrated package Lm358 and R when alternating current during through total load RL ₂, R ₃, R ₄, R ₅, A ₁, A ₂Form the two-stage in-phase amplifier and carry out half-wave amplified current signal, R ₁, D ₅, D ₆Form input protection circuit, the current signal after the amplification is through D ₇, R ₇, C ₃, C ₄Form the towering type filtering of rectification, obtain having at C point and cushion time-lag action current signal voltage (mainly preventing the rush of current of refrigerator startup etc. and the rush of current of line voltage distribution shakiness), capacitor C ₂Play ultralow pass filter effect, strengthen buffering time-delay, R ₆Discharge loop is provided;

3. the detection of load current increment: form little load of (for example bulb) every increase when load by many low power electrical equipment, C point voltage ascensional range is little, through C ₅, R ₉The slow potential pulse that the differential circuit that is composed in series obtains is less, when on original electricity consumption total amount basis, increasing an Electric stove or other high-power electric appliance, the potential pulse that obtains at the C point is bigger, but the startup moment large impact electric current of refrigerator etc. since very strong buffering when slow effect can not affact the D point, load appliance of every like this increase, D point crest value of impulse voltage just reflects this appliance power size, but when reducing by an electrical equipment, voltage stabilizing didoe D ₉Make the D point keep first pulse voltage;

4. high-power electric appliance is differentiated, and D point Pulse Electric force feed send amplifier A by LM324 ₄The voltage comparator of forming is relatively judged, obtains switching pulse through D ₁₁Give C ₈Charging, but small-power electrical equipment can not make C ₈Charging.Here A ₄Benchmark voltage then be the voltage of E point to end of oppisite phase.By R ₁₀, R ₁₁And R _wSeries connection adjustable voltage divider (the R that forms _wPower adjustments for the Electric stove controlled) F is consistent equating when flattening with E point current potential, C ₆, R ₁₂Act as that the total load circuit begins power supply or when restoring electricity, provide one to be stabilized in the current potential that F is ordered from high to low at last by this integration circuit to the E point, guaranteeing that the total load circuit begins power supply or when restoring electricity, very big current impulse, and be unlikely to make amplifier A ₄Output during high level to C ₈Charging guarantees that total load normally starts, simultaneously voltage stabilizing didoe D ₉The excessive arteries and veins voltage of D point is left out, play jointly no matter how (that is afraid of the power of an electric furnace head and shoulders above to beginning electric actual power greatly, all loads are normally started, treat just to enter normal power increment identifying along with E point current potential reduces gradually.Voltage stabilizing didoe D ₈Play the total electric power restriction of load here, when C point current potential high to a certain degree the time, through D ₈To R ₉Earial drainage, even without high-power electric appliances such as electric furnaces, D point current potential raises, and makes A ₄The output high level cuts off total load.

5. electric furnace control outage time-delay: when high-power electric appliance uses, amplifier A ₄To capacitor C ₈Charging is by amplifier A ₅The time-delay comparator of forming, the high level signal of output and disconnected total load RL is through R ₁₉, triode BG ₃Drive signal relay J ₁Action, the power controlling relay J disconnects total load RL, D ₁₅, D ₂₀Form the outage indicating circuit, A ₅Benchmark voltage R ₁₆, R ₁₇The series connection dividing potential drop provides R ₁₅To C ₈Discharge progressively reduces G point current potential and makes A ₅Delay time one period turn-off time D ₁₃Play and make C immediately after general supply has a power failure ₈The electricity that is filled is released away, so that can in time power behind the incoming call.

6. whether Electric stove removes identification: this also is that this controller is very important, be again that the control identifying is comparatively complicated, do not plug delay recovery when power supply of cutting off the power supply if there is this function when powerful Electric stove, begin to comprise that all electrical equipment of Electric stove can both start owing to restore electricity, certainly will cause Electric stove not remove the situation that the control stove can be normally used and not have in secondary power supply, in fact control fallen through.If this control is implemented, can cause the situation that has no exploits to the person that abuses the electric furnace, really play control action.The principle that this process adopted is to utilize capacitor C ₇Return an analog switch K in the bidirectional analog switch through integrated package CD4066 ₂Charging makes F point potential tracking method C point current potential, and actual is to follow the tracks of memory circuit total load, total electric power situation of moment when promptly breaking owing to the plug-in stove.When cutting off the power supply, load makes K switch ₂Disconnect C ₇On the gross power memory when being outage of the charging voltage (because of no bleed-off circuit) that kept, it is as follows that its process is controlled in this memory: during outage, relay J ₁Get electric work H point current potential and drop to electronegative potential, originally through R ₂₂Give capacitor C ₁₂Charge to high level, at this moment through R ₂₁, D ₁₆Discharged in series, the J point is a low level after the time-delay of short duration, makes amplifier A ₆The voltage comparator of forming becomes low level output by original high level output, by R ₂₉, BG ₄, R ₂₈, D ₁₈The power supply indication outage of forming, A ₆Low level output make the bidirectional analog K switch ₂Disconnect (disconnected time-delay is arranged), make the memory capacitor C ₇Write down the preceding electric power situation of outage.Resistance R ₂₄, R ₂₅The series connection dividing potential drop is given A ₆Provide relatively current potential of benchmark, capacitor C ₁₂, C ₁₂Series connection is to guarantee A in the beginning "on" position ₆The output high level is at K ₂Bidirectional analog K switch when disconnecting ₁Connect C ₆Electricity E point is got back to high level, R ₁₈, C ₉Integrating circuit to K ₁Break-make have the buffering time-lag action;

7. prolong when restoring electricity when load outage: K ₂Control end is because capacitor C ₁₁, C ₁₂And resistance R ₂₂The integration time-lag action, K ₂Can continue to keep off-state, C ₇Still state before memory is cut off the power supply; While K ₁Control end because R ₁₈, C ₉The integration time-lag action, initial condition is got back in very fast disconnection, because the E high level of ordering progressively descends, the load current pulse after restoring electricity can not make comparator A during this period of time ₄Counter-rotating promptly no matter whether the load size has electric furnace all can normally start, has only load to start the back line current and settles out (R ₂₂, C ₁₁, C ₁₂The time-lag action startup of avoiding the refrigerator class impact) because bidirectional switch K ₃The control time-lag action, K at this moment ₃Moment is connected (then disconnect again), makes R ₁₃, R ₁₄Through K ₃And C ₇Constitute series loop and make amplifier A ₃The outage noted of end of oppisite phase input before the gross power situation of load RL (At All Other Times because K ₃The normal off control action, A ₃End of oppisite phase is high level input R ₁₃＞＞R ₁₄), while A ₃In-phase end imports is the signal of the total load power of electrical current after stable, promptly, do not remove if at this moment increase high power load newly now with making comparisons with electricity condition before electricity condition and the outage, comparative result is that high level is exported, through triode BG ₂, D ₁₂To outage delay capacitor C ₈Charging disconnects whole load once more, if remove, energising back loading total current is bigger less than the difference of memory electric current, makes A ₃Output keep low level, restore electricity, only K behind normal power supply ₂Could connect, make C ₇Again remember tracking, K ₃Control procedure be: as the moment of time-delay back loading energising K point recovery high level, C ₁₄, R ₂The differential circuit L point of forming obtains a differentiated pulse, this pulsed D ₁₇, R ₂₃, C ₁₀Delay circuit increase pulse duration, carry out the detection whether Electric stove is removed effectively.Also have some the attached element that helps: D ₁₄Protection BG ₃, C ₁₁And C ₁₂Series connection energising moment dividing potential drop guarantees A ₆For high level output keeps K ₁, K ₂, K ₃The beginning on off operating mode constant.D ₁₉, D ₂₀For quickening discharge electrode two pipes, guarantee K ₁, K ₂, K ₃Along the hamony on the make-and-break time order.

Claims

1, a kind of furnace controller that is used to limit the high-power electric appliance use, has the housing that loam cake (4) and lower cover (5) combination seal form, limited lamp (1) and relay indicating light (3) and the power-limiting regulating handle (2) of giving instructions by telegraph in the housing windowpane, at housing bottom control circuit board execution cut-off relay and external terminal (6) are housed, it is characterized in that control circuit comprises: power supply (1), current sense amplification (2), current buffering (3), bearing power control (4) dismounting are followed the tracks of detection and are followed the tracks of several parts compositions such as detection control (7) than (5), load startup (6); Transformer BT in the power supply (1) is elementary to be connected on the 220V power supply secondary being connected on by D ₁-D ₄On the interchange end of the rectifier bridge of forming, the dc terminal of electric bridge connects capacitor C ₁, positive pole connects the input of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing BG, output is sent galvanic current; Current sense amplifies consisting of of (2), and the earth terminal of power supply is connected on B point and the R of lead AB ₂An end, R ₂With R ₃The public termination amplifier A of series connection ₁End of oppisite phase, R ₃The other end and A ₁Output and A ₂In-phase end link to each other resistance R ₁Be connected on A ₁In-phase end and the A point of AB between, R ₄One end ground connection, R ₄With R ₅The public termination A of series connection ₂Hold mutually and C ₂One end, A ₂Output termination R ₅The other end and D ₇An end; Consisting of of current buffering (3) through D ₇With C ₂The other end, C ₃, R ₆, R ₇One end links to each other, R ₆, C ₃Other end ground connection, R ₇Another termination C ₄, C ₅, D ₈An end, C ₄Other end ground connection, D ₈With D ₉The public termination C of series connection ₅The other end and R ₈, R ₉An end, D ₉, R ₉Other end ground connection; Load pulse and relatively control (4) in C ₅With R ₉The series connection common port is through R ₈Meet A ₄In-phase end, A ₄Anti-phase termination load actuating section, A ₄Output is through D ₁₁Meet C ₈, R ₁₅, D ₁₂, D ₁₃Amplifier A ₅In-phase end, C ₈, R ₁₅Other end ground connection, D ₁₃Another termination positive resistance R ₁₆, with R ₁₇Between the series connection power positive cathode, public termination A ₅End of oppisite phase, A ₅Output termination R ₁₈, R ₁₉One end, R ₁₉Another termination triode BG ₃Base stage, grounded emitter, collector electrode is through D ₁₅Succeed electrical equipment J ₁To anodal, D ₁₄With J ₁Parallel connection, R ₂₀With D ₁₅In parallel; Remove to follow the tracks of to detect and compare (5) through R ₇End the simulation K switch ₂One end and A ₃In-phase end, resistance R ₁₃With R ₁₄Public termination A connects ₃End of oppisite phase, R ₁₄The other end connects K ₃One end, K ₂, K ₃The other end connects together and meets C ₇, C ₇Other end ground connection, A ₃Output termination BG ₂Base stage, collector electrode just connect, and emitter meets D ₁₂End A ₅In-phase end; Load starts R in (6) ₁₀, R ₁₁, R _wSeries connection, the F point meets R ₁₂One end, R ₁₂Another termination C ₆, K ₁An end and A ₄End of oppisite phase, C ₆, K ₁Another termination positive pole, K ₁Control end is through R ₁₈Meet A ₅Output is through C ₉Ground connection; Follow the tracks of and detect R in the control (7) ₂₄With R ₂₅Be connected in series between power positive cathode public termination A ₆End of oppisite phase, C ₁₁With C ₁₂Be connected in series between power positive cathode public termination A ₆In-phase end and D ₁₆, R ₂₂One end, D ₁₆With R ₂₁The series connection other end and R ₂₂With being connected on BG ₃Collector electrode, A ₆Output is through R ₂₆, D ₁₉Be connected on K after the parallel connection ₂On the control end and through C ₁₃Just meet A ₆Output is through C ₁₄Again through D ₁₇With R ₂₃And be connected in K ₃On the control end, C ₁₀One termination K ₃Control end, other end ground connection, R ₂₇, D ₂₀One another termination of end ground connection C ₁₄An end, A ₆Output through R ₂₉Meet BG ₄Base stage, grounded emitter, collector electrode meets R ₂₈With D ₁₈Connect positive pole after the series connection.