CN2320797Y

CN2320797Y - High-efficiency diesel engine

Info

Publication number: CN2320797Y
Application number: CN 97243045
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵建国
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-12-11
Filing date: 1997-12-11
Publication date: 1999-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2007-12-11

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-efficiency diesel engine. A main piston of the utility model comprises a main piston, and an auxiliary piston. The auxiliary piston is connected with a main connecting rod, the main connecting rod is connected with the edge of a main driving wheel, an auxiliary cylinder is arranged in the diesel engine body, the structure of the auxiliary piston, the auxiliary connecting rod, and an auxiliary driving wheel of the utility model is the same as the structure of the inside of the main cylinder. The auxiliary driving wheel and the main driving wheel are connected by a shaft capable of being plugged, and a wheel shaft of the auxiliary driving wheel is connected with an actuating mechanism. A combustion chamber is arranged in the diesel engine body, the outlet of the combustion chamber is connected with a heat exchanger, an air inlet rotary valve and an exhaust rotary valve are respectively arranged between the outlet of the auxiliary cylinder and the combustion chamber, the air inlet rotary valves and the exhaust rotary valve are respectively connected with the main driving wheel by a gear and a gear bar, and an air pressure one-way valve is arranged in the combustion chamber.

Description

High-efficiency diesel engine

The utility model relates to a kind of diesel engine.

Existing diesel engine, its cylinder is single piston structure, does not all have assistant cylinder, and the work of four strokes is finished by a cylinder.The air cylinder structure of this class diesel engine easily leaks gas, easy oil leakage, and inefficiency starts difficulty, particularly winter starting is difficult more, and its Heavy Weight, the cost height, and because the cause of its single piston structure, make impact force bigger, fragile air cylinder connecting rod, working life is short.

The purpose of this utility model is exactly in order to address the above problem, and provides a kind of startup easy, high working efficiency, the High-efficiency diesel engine of long service life.

Technical solution of the present utility model:

A kind of High-efficiency diesel engine, it includes body, fuel tank, master cylinder, main piston, master connecting rod, it is characterized in that main piston is main, the sub-piston structure, they connect as one by spring, the master cylinder inner chamber matches in their size and the machine cylinder body, sub-piston links to each other with master connecting rod one end, the master connecting rod the other end links to each other with the edge that is arranged on the main driving wheel in the body by bearing, also be provided with an assistant cylinder littler in the body than master cylinder, its auxiliary piston, interior identical of the structure of auxiliary connecting rod and helper drive wheel and master cylinder, the helper drive wheel links to each other with main driving wheel by the axle of pegging graft, helper drive wheel wheel shaft is connected with starting mechanism, the firing chamber that is communicated with fuel tank that is provided with suitable for reading of master cylinder and assistant cylinder in body, combustor exit is connected with heat exchanger, between the outlet of assistant cylinder and firing chamber and be respectively equipped with identical air inlet piston type rotary valve of structure and exhaust pition formula rotary valve between combustor exit and the heat exchanger, two rotary valves all link to each other with main driving wheel by gear and gear pole, and the outlet port of corresponding assistant cylinder is provided with the air pressure one-way valve in the firing chamber.

The utility model adopts main and auxiliary pair of cylinder and dual-piston structure first, its master cylinder has acting, exhaust, air-breathing, compression four functions (i.e. four strokes), assistant cylinder only is used for pressurized air, its sufficient combustion, thermal efficiency height, start easily, even also can very fast startup under the cold situation in sky, working efficiency improves greatly.The utility model novel structure, simple, cost is low, and is in light weight, volume is little, and owing to adopt dual-piston structure, thus make impact force mild, not fragile air cylinder connecting rod, working life big leap ahead.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a drive mechanism principle schematic of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is the rolling element structural representation in each sub-piston among Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the schematic cross-section of exhaust pition formula rotary valve among Fig. 2.

As Fig. 1,2, the utility model includes body 1, fuel tank 2, master cylinder 3, main piston 4, master connecting rod 5 and heat exchanger 6, heat exchanger 6 is made of outlet pipe 7, suction tude 8 and lagging casing 9, outlet pipe 7 and suction tude 8 all are positioned at lagging casing 9, form the gas heat exchange chamber in the lagging casing 9, outlet pipe 7 is a bellows, to strengthen heat exchange performance.Above-mentioned main piston 4 is major and minor dual-piston structure, its main piston 11 and sub-piston 12 connect as one by many springs 20, the inner chamber of master cylinder 3 matches in their size and the body 1, sub-piston 12 links to each other with master connecting rod 5 one ends, and master connecting rod 5 the other ends link to each other with the edge of main driving wheel 13 be arranged on body 1 by bearing in.Also be provided with an assistant cylinder 14 littler in the machine cylinder body 1 than master cylinder 3, interior identical of the structure of its auxiliary piston 15, auxiliary connecting rod 16 and helper drive wheel 17 and master cylinder 3, the main piston 18 and the sub-piston 19 that are auxiliary piston 15 also connect as one by many springs 20, and sub-piston 19 links to each other with an end of auxiliary connecting rod 16, and the other end of auxiliary connecting rod 16 is connected with the edge of helper drive wheel 17.All connect at the edge of main driving wheel 13 and helper drive wheel 17 and to stretch the minor axis 71 vertical that has separately with wheel face, the connecting end of master connecting rod 5 and auxiliary connecting rod 16 just is connected with the minor axis 71 of main driving wheel 13 with helper drive wheel 17 respectively, is equipped with balancing weight 72 separately on each drive wheel wheel rim on other three symmetrical positions of corresponding minor axis 71 separately.Helper drive wheel 17 links to each other with main driving wheel 13 by the axle 21 of pegging graft.Peg graft axle 21 as Fig. 2, it is made up of flip sleeve 22, spring 23, transition axis 24 and startup push rod 25, flip sleeve 22 movable sets are provided with spring 23 at an end of transition axis 24 between the step 26 that its end face outer wall and transition axis 24 corresponding end outer walls stretch out, and make flip sleeve 22 to slide up and down.The opening end of flip sleeve 22 is connected with the step 27 of a band ring surface, and an end that starts push rod 25 passes the baffle plate 28 that links to each other with cylinder body 1 and contacts on the step 27 of flip sleeve 22, is set with spring 30 on the push rod between push rod 25 middle part outer wall steps 29 and the baffle plate 28.Transition axis 24 the other ends are connected with a joggle by the gearwheel 33 on the wheel shaft 32 of small gear 31 and main driving wheel 13, flip sleeve 22 end openings are the inverted cone mouth, correspondingly to take turns the corresponding end of 17 wheel shafts 34 be conical head 35 to helper drive, this conical head 35 is positioned at the inverted cone mouth of flip sleeve 22, flexibly connecting by tooth engaged 36 between them is one, tooth engaged 36 is arranged on the flip sleeve 22 inverted cone mouth inwalls, and correspondingly helper drive is taken turns on conical head 35 outer walls of 17 wheel shaft corresponding end and had the chute that matches with tooth engaged 36.Can control the connection of main driving wheel 13 and helper drive wheel 17 or separately at an easy rate by starting push rod 25 like this.The firing chamber 10 that is communicated with fuel tank 2 that is provided with suitable for reading of master cylinder 3 and assistant cylinder 14 in body 1, the outlet of firing chamber 10 connects heat exchanger 6.Between the outlet of assistant cylinder 14 and firing chamber 10 and be respectively equipped with identical suction tude piston type rotary valve 37 of structure and exhaust pition formula rotary valve 38 between combustor exit and the heat exchanger 6, the outlet port of corresponding assistant cylinder 14 is provided with air pressure one-way valve 39 in firing chamber 10.Exhaust pition formula rotary valve 38 is as Fig. 2, it is made up of housing 40, solid of rotation 41, solid of rotation 41 is positioned at housing 40, be provided with a plurality of seal gas rings 42 between them, one crooked through hole 43 is arranged in the solid of rotation 41, as Fig. 4, an end of solid of rotation 41 links to each other with running shaft 44, and running shaft 44 the other ends link to each other with the wheel shaft 32 of main driving wheel 13 by angular wheel 45.The structure of the structure of air inlet piston type rotary valve 37 and exhaust pition formula rotary valve 38 is identical, and just the running shaft 46 of air inlet piston type rotary valve 37 links to each other with the running shaft 44 of exhaust pition formula rotary valve 38 by angular wheel 47.In the utility model, the cylinder chamber bottom of master cylinder 3 and assistant cylinder 14 is horn-like port in the body 1, to increase the activity space of master connecting rod 5 and auxiliary connecting rod 16, strengthens the moment of torsion of diesel engine.Sub-piston 12 in two cylinders is identical with 19 structures, they are hollow body, one circle perisporium is provided with at least four rolling element 48, this rolling element 48 is as Fig. 3, it is made up of rolling steel ball 49 and extension sleeve 50, each steel ball 49 is placed in the external port of extension sleeve 50, and the top spring 51 of the corresponding position in the inner outer wall of sleeve 50 and the sub-piston separately closely contacts.The bottom is provided with electric heating tube 52 in body 1, so that be used for heating machine oil during diesel engine starting.Be connected with dismountable hot water heater 53 in outside, bottom surface, body 1 lower end, it is a cavity, can be hooked on the bottom surface, body 1 lower end, so that use when areas without electricity starts diesel engine in the open air.Be connected with air-strainer 55 at machine cylinder body 1 sidewall by one-

way valve

64,66, body 1 sidewall also links to each other with the suction tude 8 of heat exchanger 6 by grease trap 63, grease trap 63 1 sides are provided with forces axial fan 56, body 1 sidewall to have a through hole directly to be communicated with the suction tude 8 of heat exchanger 6 by breather check valve 57 in addition.The utility model is provided with starting mechanism on the wheel shaft 34 of helper drive wheel 17, this starting mechanism is by starter cup 58, one-way wheel 59, drive wheel 60 and gear-box 61 constitute, starter cup 58 and one-way wheel 59 engagements, velocity ratio is 1: 1, one-way wheel 59 and drive wheel 60 engagements, velocity ratio is 1: 2, starter cup 58 is connected on the helper drive wheel wheel shaft 34, the wheel shaft of one-way wheel 59 and drive wheel 60 all is arranged on the gear-box 61, starter cup 58, one-way wheel 59 and drive wheel 60 all are positioned at gear-box 61, gear-box 61 links to each other with body 1, gear-box 61 can be used to put lubricant oil, so that to starter cup 58, one-way wheel 59 and drive wheel 60 are lubricated, and can be connected with hand crank 62 on the wheel shaft of drive wheel 60.

During the utility model work, earlier shake drive wheel 60 by hand crank 62, after making the main piston 11 of master cylinder 3 move to suction condition, the startup push rod 25 of axle in 21 of will pegging graft again advances, the pressure that it overcomes spring 30 makes flip sleeve 22 overcome the pressure of spring 23 and moves, itself and helper drive wheel wheel shaft 34 are thrown off, shaking hand crank 62 this moment again rotates drive wheel 60, drive wheel 60 just drives one-way wheel 59 and rotates, because one-way wheel 59 can only one-way rotation, can not reverse, thus safer when crank 62 shakes, the reversing situation of hurting sb.'s feelings can not take place.The rotation of one-way wheel 59 drives starter cup 58 again and rotates, axle 21 is thrown off the main driving wheel wheel shaft 32 of master cylinder 3 with the helper drive wheel wheel shaft 34 of assistant cylinder 14 owing to peg graft, then starter cup 58 rotates with regard to only driving helper drive and takes turns 17 rotation works, it drives auxiliary double-piston 15 by auxiliary connecting rod 16 and moves repeatedly, the air in the compression assistant cylinder 14.Air inlet this moment piston type rotary valve 37 is in open mode, exhaust rotary valve 38 is in closed condition, air pressure one-way valve 39 also is in open mode, then the high pressure-temperature gas in the assistant cylinder 14 just enters in the firing chamber 10 by air inlet rotary valve 37 and pressure check valve 39, when crank 62 shakes certain rotating speed, just make the air pressure in the firing chamber 10 reach certain pressure intensity, temperature reaches certain requirement, at this moment unclamp and start push rod 25, push rod 25 and flip sleeve 22 are at spring 30 separately, outwards reset under 23 the restoring force effect, then the conical head 35 of helper drive wheel wheel shaft 34 enters in the inverted cone mouth flip sleeve 22 of the axle 21 of pegging graft, and coincide and are connected with a plurality of tooth engaged 36 on its inwall, so just make helper drive wheel wheel shaft 34 by driving

gear

31,33 link together with main driving wheel wheel shaft 32, continue to shake crank 62 this moment, drive wheel 60 just drives helper drive wheel wheel shaft 34 by one-way wheel 59 and starter cup 58 and main driving wheel wheel shaft 32 rotates together, the master in the master cylinder 3 then, secondary double-piston 11,12 make compression stroke, when arriving atdc, temperature, pressure reaches the setting requirement in the firing chamber 10, the oil sprayer work of fuel tank 2 outlets, the vaporific diesel oil of ejection high pressure enters firing chamber 10, vaporific diesel oil runs into the combustion chamber high temperature high pressure compressed gas and burns immediately, expand immediately in the firing chamber 10, the double-piston 4 that promotes master cylinder 3 is made expansion stroke, start-up operation is promptly finished like this, and diesel engine self turns round down.Master cylinder 3 is made exhaust stroke then, the wheel shaft 32 of main driving wheel 13 rotates the running shaft 44 of exhaust pition formula rotary valve 38 by angular wheel 45 during exhaust stroke, its driven rotary body 41 rotates, make the crooked through hole 43 of solid of rotation 41 aim at firing chamber 10 outlet and outlet pipes 7, thereby exhaust rotary valve 38 is opened, when the running shaft 44 of exhaust rotary valve 38 rotates, by angular wheel 47 running shaft 46 of air inlet rotary valve 37 is also rotated again, it then faces the non through hole of solid of rotation the air cavity port of accurate assistant cylinder 14, promptly be in closed condition, pressure check valve 39 is also closed under the gas pressure effect automatically simultaneously, so the waste gas in the firing chamber 10 just emits by outlet pipe 7.Master cylinder 3 is made suction stroke again later on, main driving wheel 13 is rotated further, by wheel shaft 32 exhaust rotary valve 38 is closed, and air inlet rotary valve 37 is opened, pressure check valve 39 and breather check valve 57 are opened again automatically simultaneously, and this moment, firing chamber 10 interior gas pressures reduced owing to piston moves downwards, finished suction stroke, go round and begin again later on and repeat above-mentioned four processes, diesel engine is run well.The output of diesel engine is by transferring out power with the coaxial output wheel that is connected of main driving wheel 13 54.

When normal operation work, the main driving wheel 13 of master cylinder 3 drives helper drive wheel 17 work of turning round simultaneously again in running, make assistant cylinder 14 compress pressurized gas repeatedly, so can improve the diesel engine thermal efficiency greatly.

When main and auxiliary cylinder operation, insert cooling air from air-strainer 55, shell by 64 pairs of main and auxiliary cylinders 3,14 of valve cools off, cooling air enters suction tude 8 from body 1 sidewall through hole 65 after absorbing heat, sends into firing chamber 10 from breather check valve 57 and air inlet rotary valve 37 again after heat exchanger 6 exchanges.Type of cooling good cooling results not only, and heat like this is utilized again, becomes high-temperature gas and sends into the firing chamber.

In the time of above-mentioned cooling, cooling air is cooled off through 66 pairs of main and auxiliary cylinders of valve, 3,14 inside by pipeline again, the grease trap 63 that cooling air absorbs behind the heat from body 1 wall enters suction tude 8, and under the effect of axial fan 56 pump circulation, make the cooling air of sending into constantly become high-temperature gas and send into firing chamber 10 again, so can improve combustion efficiency greatly.

Under some special hot environments, because external temperature is higher, can between the import of suction tude and valve 67, insert radiator, close the valve 68 of valve suction tude 8 this moment, can be from the water intake 69 filling cooling waters of body 1, this cooling water just cools off the shell of main and auxiliary cylinder 3,14, cooling water enters radiator from body 1 sidewall through hole 65 again after absorbing heat, becoming low-temperature cooling water again enters again in the body 1 from valve 67, again main and auxiliary cylinder baffle is cooled off, repetitive cycling just can make the operating temperature of cylinder descend greatly like this.Be provided with safety valve 70 on firing chamber 10, it is opened when chamber pressure is excessive automatically, plays the safety protection effect.

Claims

1, a kind of High-efficiency diesel engine, it includes body, fuel tank, master cylinder, main piston, master connecting rod, it is characterized in that main piston is main, the sub-piston structure, they connect as one by spring, the master cylinder inner chamber matches in their size and the machine cylinder body, sub-piston links to each other with master connecting rod one end, the master connecting rod the other end links to each other with the edge that is arranged on the main driving wheel in the body by bearing, also be provided with an assistant cylinder littler in the body than master cylinder, its auxiliary piston, interior identical of the structure of auxiliary connecting rod and helper drive wheel and master cylinder, the helper drive wheel links to each other with main driving wheel by the axle of pegging graft, helper drive wheel wheel shaft is connected with starting mechanism, the firing chamber that is communicated with fuel tank that is provided with suitable for reading of master cylinder and assistant cylinder in body, combustor exit is connected with heat exchanger, between the outlet of assistant cylinder and firing chamber and be respectively equipped with identical air inlet piston type rotary valve of structure and exhaust pition formula rotary valve between combustor exit and the heat exchanger, two rotary valves all link to each other with main driving wheel by gear and gear pole, and the outlet port of corresponding assistant cylinder is provided with the air pressure one-way valve in the firing chamber.

2, by the described High-efficiency diesel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that the cylinder chamber bottom of interior master cylinder of body and assistant cylinder is horn-like big mouthful, its outer wall all has radiating wing; And the sub-piston structure in two cylinders is identical, and they are hollow body, and one circle perisporium is provided with at least four rolling element, and each rolling element all closely contacts with the top spring of the interior relevant position of corresponding sub-piston.

3, by the described High-efficiency diesel engine of claim 2, it is characterized in that the rolling element in the described sub-piston is made up of rolling steel ball and extension sleeve, each steel ball is placed in the external port of extension sleeve, and the inner outer wall of sleeve closely contacts with corresponding top spring.

4, by the described High-efficiency diesel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that the bottom is provided with electric heating tube in body; Be connected with dismountable hot water heater in outside, bottom surface, body lower end, it is a cavity, can be hooked on the bottom surface, body lower end.

5, by the described High-efficiency diesel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that described heat exchanger is made of outlet pipe, suction tude and lagging casing, outlet pipe and suction tude all are positioned at lagging casing, form the gas heat exchange chamber in the shell, and outlet pipe is a bellows.

6, by the described High-efficiency diesel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that organism sidewall is connected with air-strainer by one-way valve, organism sidewall also links to each other with the suction tude of heat exchanger by grease trap, grease trap one side is provided with the pressure axial fan, and organism sidewall has a through hole directly to be communicated with the suction tude of heat exchanger by breather check valve in addition.

7, by the described High-efficiency diesel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that described grafting axle is by flip sleeve, spring, transition axis and startup push rod are formed, the flip sleeve movable set is at an end of transition axis, be provided with spring between the step that its end face outer wall and transition axis corresponding end outer wall stretch out, make flip sleeve to slide up and down, flip sleeve is connected with the step of a band ring surface, startup push rod one end passes the baffle plate that links to each other with cylinder body and contacts on the step of flip sleeve, be set with spring on the push rod between push rod the other end outer wall step and the baffle plate, the transition axis the other end is connected with a joggle by the gearwheel on small gear and the main driving wheel wheel shaft, the flip sleeve end opening is the inverted cone mouth, correspondingly helper drive wheel wheel shaft corresponding end is a conical head, this conical head is positioned at the inverted cone mouth of flip sleeve, flexibly connecting by tooth engaged between them is one, engaging tooth is arranged on the flip sleeve inverted cone mouth inwall, correspondingly has the chute that matches with tooth engaged on the conical head outer wall of helper drive wheel wheel shaft corresponding end.

8, by the described High-efficiency diesel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that described exhaust pition formula rotary valve is made up of housing, solid of rotation, rotation position is in housing, be provided with seal gas ring between them, one crooked through hole is arranged in the solid of rotation, one end of solid of rotation links to each other with running shaft, and the running shaft the other end links to each other with main transmission wheel shaft axle by angular wheel; The structure of the structure of air inlet piston type rotary valve and exhaust pition formula rotary valve is identical, and just the running shaft of air inlet piston type rotary valve links to each other by the running shaft of angular wheel with exhaust pition formula rotary valve.

9, by the described High-efficiency diesel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that all connecting to stretch that a minor axis vertical with wheel face arranged at the edge of main driving wheel and helper drive wheel, the connecting end of master connecting rod and auxiliary connecting rod just is connected with the minor axis of main driving wheel with the helper drive wheel respectively, is equipped with balancing weight separately on each drive wheel wheel rim on other three symmetrical positions of corresponding minor axis separately.

10, by the described High-efficiency diesel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that starting mechanism is made of starter cup, one-way wheel, drive wheel and gear-box, three wheels all are positioned at gear-box, starter cup is connected on the wheel shaft of helper drive wheel, it and one-way wheel mesh, one-way wheel and drive wheel engagement on the gear-box that wheel shaft all is arranged on body links to each other of one-way wheel and drive wheel, are connected with hand crank on the wheel shaft of drive wheel.