CN101776025B

CN101776025B - High-efficiency high temperature type internal-external mixed combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN101776025B
Application number: CN2009100732780A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雷涛
Original assignee: HARBIN XIANGKAI TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: Harbin Xiangkai Technology Development Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2009-11-27
Filing date: 2009-11-27
Publication date: 2011-10-05
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-27
Also published as: CN101776025A

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-efficiency high temperature type internal-external mixed combustion engine, belongs to the technical field of heat energy conversion, and solves the problems of low heat conversion efficiency and a large amount of pollutant gas emission caused by incomplete combustion existing in the present internal combustion engine and high cost because of the existence of an expansion chamber, a compression chamber, a heating chamber, a cooling chamber, a regenerator and the like and heat loss higher 2-3 times than an external combustion existing in the present stirling engine. In the high-efficiency high temperature type internal-external mixed combustion engine, the opening end of an extension cylinder is oppositely connected with the upper end of a work cylinder; one end of an occupancy piston is oppositely connected with the upper end of a work piston; one opening of the upper top end of the extension cylinder is communicated with another opening of the upper top end of the extension cylinder through an exhaust valve, a first heat exchanger, a first check valve, a second buffer gas reservoir, a second check valve, a second heat exchanger, a first buffer gas reservoir and an inlet valve; the upper and the lower ports of a combustion chamber are respectively connected with one end of the second heat exchanger and one end of the first heat exchanger; and a connection rod of the work piston is rotatably connected with a rocker arm of a flywheel assembly. The high-efficiency high temperature type internal-external mixed combustion engine can directly and effectively convert combustion heat of fuel into mechanical energy, has working temperature of 500-1600 DEG C at the high temperature end and room temperature to 100 DEG C at the low temperature end and heat conversion efficiency of 40-80 percent. The number of parts of the engine is smaller than that of the present internal combustion engine by over 70 percent.

Description

High-efficiency high temperature type internal-external mixed combustion engine

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is the technical field that thermal power transfer becomes mechanical energy.

Background technique

Existing internal-combustion engine is applied in the every field widely, wherein the quantity of automobile application is maximum, bring many facilities to the human lives, but its heat/machine conversion efficiency generally is between 20%～40%, all the other heat energy of 60%～80% can't utilize and need outwards discharging, simultaneously can not perfect combustions because of fuel, and its tail gas will discharge a large amount of dusty gass in air, make air be subjected to serious pollution, it is the one of the main reasons that cause earth environment to warm that tool is added up these.Brought loss and the destruction that to retrieve for human living environment in the future.

Stirling engine is that Stirling was in invention in 1816.Stirling engine is unique hot machine, because their theoretic efficient intrinsic peak efficiency no better than is called Carnot's cycle efficiency.Stirling engine produces power by when gases are heated, they expand, meet cold contraction.This is a kind of external-burning engine, and fuel is burnt continuously, and the expansion hydrogen (or helium) of evaporation makes piston motion as power gas, and expanding gas cools off at cold air chamber, carries out such cyclic process repeatedly.Because external-combustion engine has been avoided the quick-fried acting problem of shake of traditional combustion engine, thereby high efficiency, low noise, the low pollution and low operating cost have been realized.

But Stirling engine also has many problems to solve, the cost height of expansion chamber, pressing chamber, heater, cooling chamber, regenerator etc. for example, heat loss be explosive motor 2-3 doubly etc.So, can't become the motor of use in enormous quantities.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is in order to overcome existing internal-combustion engine thermal conversion efficiency low (between 20%～40%), incomplete combustion and in air the problem of a large amount of dusty gas of discharging, reach existing Stirling engine and also exist costs such as expansion chamber, pressing chamber, heater, cooling chamber, regenerator very high, heat loss is the 2-3 problem doubly of explosive motor.And then a kind of high-efficiency high temperature type internal-external mixed combustion engine proposed.

It comprises acting piston, acting cylinder, occupy-place piston, extension cylinder, drain tap, air intake valve, first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger, firing chamber, burner, the first buffering gas holder, the second buffering gas holder, first one-way valve, second one-way valve, fly wheel assembly;

The acting piston is connected with the slipper seal of acting cylinder steam-cylinder piston, extending the cylinder opening end docks with the upper end of acting cylinder, one end of occupy-place piston docks with the upper end of acting piston, make the periphery of occupy-place piston and extend between the inner headed face of cylinder certain clearance is arranged, the connecting rod of acting piston and the rocking arm of fly wheel assembly are rotationally connected, when the flywheel of fly wheel assembly rotates, drive the acting piston cylinder that does work relatively and do corresponding to-and-fro motion, an opening that extends the last top of cylinder is connected with the suction port of drain tap, another opening that extends the last top of cylinder is connected with the air outlet of air intake valve, the air outlet of drain tap is communicated with the high temperature suction port of first heat exchanger, the low temperature air outlet of first heat exchanger is communicated with the suction port of first one-way valve, described high temperature suction port and low temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of first heat exchanger, the low temperature suction port of first heat exchanger is communicated with ambient air, the high temperature air outlet of first heat exchanger is communicated with the bottom air inlet of firing chamber, described low temperature suction port and high temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of first heat exchanger, the air outlet, top of firing chamber is communicated with the high temperature suction port of second heat exchanger, the low temperature air outlet of second heat exchanger is communicated with ambient air, described high temperature suction port and low temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of second heat exchanger, the air outlet of first one-way valve, the air inlet/outlet of the suction port of second one-way valve and the second buffering gas holder interconnects, the air outlet of second one-way valve is communicated with the low temperature suction port of second heat exchanger, the high temperature air outlet of second heat exchanger is communicated with a port of the first buffering gas holder, described low temperature suction port and high temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of second heat exchanger, another port of the first buffering gas holder is communicated with the suction port of air intake valve, burner is arranged on inside, firing chamber, drain tap converted closed condition to from state when the acting piston was in the summit, air intake valve converts on state to from closed condition, and drain tap converted on state to from closed condition when the acting piston was in the summit, air intake valve converts closed condition to from state.

The present invention can directly convert the combustion heat energy of fuel to mechanical energy efficiently, the operating temperature of its temperature end can be at 500 ℃～1600 ℃ (deciding on the operating temperature of exotic material and the temperature of fuel combustion), the operating temperature of low-temperature end is between room temperature and 100 ℃, its thermal conversion efficiency is 40%～80%, the temperature end and the low-temperature end temperature difference are big more, and its thermal conversion efficiency is high more.Its total part number is existing below 30% of the total part number of internal-combustion engine.

The material of its temperature end and the material of firing chamber are used current material and promptly may be realized, for example available existing high-temperature resistant pottery, and its heatproof is 1300 ℃～1700 ℃, or material such as stainless steel, and is promptly cheap for manufacturing cost, and can realize the purpose of production in enormous quantities sale.

Because fuel is to burn continuously, this just might be reduced to inferior limit to the pollutant of not wishing to produce outside, and then has reduced environmental pollution, promptly realizes perfect combustion.

It also have fuel heat utilization height, running steadily, noise is minimum, simple in structure, to material requirements is low, easy to use, maintenance cost is low, with low cost, advantage that power/weight ratio is big.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structure schematic representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment two.

Embodiment

Embodiment one: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is made up of acting piston 1, acting cylinder 2, occupy-place piston 3, extension cylinder 4, drain tap 5, air intake valve 6, first heat exchanger 7, second heat exchanger 8, firing chamber 9, burner 10, the first buffering gas holder 11, the second buffering gas holder 12, first one-way valve 13, second one-way valve 14, fly wheel assembly 15;

Acting piston 1 is connected with the 2 steam-cylinder piston slipper seals of acting cylinder, extending cylinder 4 opening ends docks with the upper end of acting cylinder 2, one end of occupy-place piston 3 docks with the upper end of acting piston 1, make the periphery of occupy-place piston 3 and extend between the inner headed face of cylinder 4 certain clearance is arranged, the connecting rod of acting piston 1 and the rocking arm of fly wheel assembly 15 are rotationally connected, when the flywheel of fly wheel assembly 15 rotates, drive acting piston 1 relative acting cylinder 2 and do corresponding to-and-fro motion, an opening that extends the last top of cylinder 4 is connected with the suction port of drain tap 5, another opening that extends the last top of cylinder 4 is connected with the air outlet of air intake valve 6, the air outlet of drain tap 5 is communicated with the high temperature suction port of first heat exchanger 7, the low temperature air outlet of first heat exchanger 7 is communicated with the suction port of first one-way valve 13, described high temperature suction port and low temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of first heat exchanger 7, the low temperature suction port of first heat exchanger 7 is communicated with ambient air, the high temperature air outlet of first heat exchanger 7 is communicated with the bottom air inlet of firing chamber 9, described low temperature suction port and high temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of first heat exchanger 7, the air outlet, top of firing chamber 9 is communicated with the high temperature suction port of second heat exchanger 8, the low temperature air outlet of second heat exchanger 8 is communicated with ambient air, described high temperature suction port and low temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of second heat exchanger 8, the air outlet of first one-way valve 13, the air inlet/outlet of the suction port of second one-way valve 14 and the second buffering gas holder 12 interconnects, the air outlet of second one-way valve 14 is communicated with the low temperature suction port of second heat exchanger 8, the high temperature air outlet of second heat exchanger 8 is communicated with a port of the first buffering gas holder 11, described low temperature suction port and high temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of second heat exchanger 8, another port of the first buffering gas holder 11 is communicated with the suction port of air intake valve 6, burner 10 is arranged on 9 inside, firing chamber, acting piston 1 when being in the summit drain tap 5 convert closed condition to from state, air intake valve 6 converts on state to from closed condition, and drain tap 5 converted on state to from closed condition when acting piston 1 was in down the summit, air intake valve 6 converts closed condition to from state.

The fuel that burner 10 uses is gaseous state, liquid state or solid-state, concrete optional gasoline, diesel oil, alcohol, methyl alcohol, liquefaction vapour, rock gas, coal gas or mixed type liquid fuel etc.

The closed condition of drain tap 5, air intake valve 6 is optional to be realized by cam mechanism, sensor electronics valve mechanism.First heat exchanger 7, second heat exchanger 8 can be selected the heat exchanger of counter-flow heat exchange mode for use, the optional cylindrical of structural type, flat etc.Exotic materials such as its material selection high temperature resistant stainless steel, pottery, asbestos, beryllium copper are made.

Occupy-place piston 3, extension cylinder 4 materials can be selected high temperature resistant stainless steel, high temperature ceramic material for use.And the high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation heat insulation layer is arranged in the outer surface increase of occupy-place piston 3, increase the high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation heat insulation layer at the internal surface that extends cylinder 4.Increasing between the joint of described acting piston 1 and occupy-place piston 3 has the high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation heat insulation layer, and increasing between the joint of acting cylinder 2 and extension cylinder 4 has the high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation heat insulation layer.The first buffering gas holder 11 adopts exotic material, and the second buffering gas holder 12 adopts conventional material.

Drain tap 5, air intake valve 6 are selected high temperature resistant stainless steel and case-carbonizing heat treatment or select high temperature ceramic material for use again for use.

The heating part of this device all should be in the adiabatic housing of insulation, to prevent scattering and disappearing of heat.

Embodiment two: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is having pressurization and air supplement assembly 16 with its increase, and described pressurization and air supplement assembly 16 is made up of charged piston 16-1, supercharging cylinder 16-2, bent axle 16-3, the first supercharging one-way valve 16-4, the second supercharging one-way valve 16-5, clutch 16-6;

Charged piston 16-1 and the slipper seal of supercharging cylinder 16-2 steam-cylinder piston are connected, an opening on the last top of supercharging cylinder 16-2 is communicated with the suction port of the first supercharging one-way valve 16-4, the air outlet of the first supercharging one-way valve 16-4, the low temperature suction port of the air outlet of second one-way valve 14 and second heat exchanger 8 interconnects, another opening on the last top of supercharging cylinder 16-2 is communicated with the air outlet of the second supercharging one-way valve 16-5, the suction port of the second supercharging one-way valve 16-5 is communicated with ambient air, the connecting rod of charged piston 16-1 and bent axle 16-3 are rotationally connected, bent axle 16-3 is connected with the spindle of fly wheel assembly 15 by clutch 16-6, when the internal pressure of this device reaches scheduled pressure value, described clutch 16-6 disconnects, less than the time clutch 16-6 Colaesce.Other composition is identical with embodiment one with annexation.

Working principle: there is certain pressure in the inside of establishing this device, burner 10 ignition-combustion flame in the firing chamber 9, high temperature hot gas flows through second heat exchanger 8, when acting piston 1 is in the top top, air intake valve 6 conductings, drain tap 5 is closed, because the pressure of acting piston 1 upper surface is greater than the pressure (its lower surface is under the normal pressure) of its lower surface, acting piston 1 is moved downward, promote flywheel rotation (wanted dead point could rotate) in the fly wheel assembly 15 by connecting rod, because of part gas stream in the first buffering gas holder 11 is gone into to extending in the cylinder 4, make pressure in the first buffering gas holder 11 less than the pressure in the second buffering gas holder 12, portion gas in the second buffering gas holder 12 will be through second one-way valve 14, second heat exchanger 8 flows in the first buffering gas holder 11, above-mentioned gas is through second heat exchanger 8 time, obtain heat and be warmed up to 500 ℃～1600 ℃ (deciding) on the operating temperature of exotic material and the temperature of fuel combustion, its gas volume will expand about 2～4 times in proportion, and then continuation promotes acting piston 1 downward high-speed motion, give flywheel in the fly wheel assembly 15 with transmission of power, when acting piston 1 moves to bottom least significant end, air intake valve 6 is transformed to by conducting and closes, drain tap 5 is transformed to conducting by closing, because inertia, flywheel in the fly wheel assembly 15 will continue high speed rotating, its flywheel will drive acting piston 1 and move upward, acting piston 1 will extend the high-temperature gas passes drain tap 5 of cylinder 4 inside, first heat exchanger 7, first one-way valve 13 is expressed in the second buffering gas holder 12, described high-temperature gas all exchanges the gas at normal temperature that enters to the low temperature suction port from first heat exchanger 7 with heat when flowing through first heat exchanger 7, the temperature of himself will drop to the normal temperature state, the state of 1/2nd to 1/4th when its volume also is retracted to high temperature, making flywheel that the extruding of above-mentioned high-temperature gas is cooled in the second buffering gas holder 12 needed merits is that flywheel can obtain 1/2nd to 1/4th of maximum work and (decides on heating-up temperature, be the calorifics theorem), the gas at normal temperature that enters from the low temperature suction port of first heat exchanger 7, after heat exchange is heated, through the flame heating of burner 10, the gas necessary energy that heat with volume is reduced again.Go round and begin again, as long as there is heat energy that (fuel combustion) is provided, flywheel goes down high speed rotating.

Because of acting piston 1 and the 2 steam-cylinder piston slipper seals of acting cylinder are connected, its sealing can not realize complete gastight state, and increased pressurization and air supplement assembly 16, it is connected with spindle in the fly wheel assembly 15 by clutch, when internal pressure during less than predetermined pressure, clutch is communicated with, pressurization and air supplement assembly 16 will be to inner make-up gas, when internal pressure reaches predetermined pressure, clutch disconnects, pressurization and air supplement assembly 16 quits work, and when this device original state starts, needs external force to start.

Claims

1. high-efficiency high temperature type internal-external mixed combustion engine is characterized in that it comprises acting piston (1), acting cylinder (2), occupy-place piston (3), extension cylinder (4), drain tap (5), air intake valve (6), first heat exchanger (7), second heat exchanger (8), firing chamber (9), burner (10), the first buffering gas holder (11), the second buffering gas holder (12), first one-way valve (13), second one-way valve (14), fly wheel assembly (15); Acting piston (1) is connected with the steam-cylinder piston slipper seal of acting cylinder (2), extending cylinder (4) opening end docks with the upper end of acting cylinder (2), one end of occupy-place piston (3) docks with the upper end of acting piston (1), make the periphery of occupy-place piston (3) and extend between the inner headed face of cylinder (4) certain clearance is arranged, the connecting rod of acting piston (1) and the rocking arm of fly wheel assembly (15) are rotationally connected, when the flywheel of fly wheel assembly (15) rotates, drive acting piston (1) cylinder (2) that does work relatively and do corresponding to-and-fro motion, an opening that extends the last top of cylinder (4) is connected with the suction port of drain tap (5), another opening that extends the last top of cylinder (4) is connected with the air outlet of air intake valve (6), the air outlet of drain tap (5) is communicated with the high temperature suction port of first heat exchanger (7), the low temperature air outlet of first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with the suction port of first one-way valve (13), described high temperature suction port and low temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of first heat exchanger (7), the low temperature suction port of first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with ambient air, the high temperature air outlet of first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with the bottom air inlet of firing chamber (9), described low temperature suction port and high temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of first heat exchanger (7), the air outlet, top of firing chamber (9) is communicated with the high temperature suction port of second heat exchanger (8), the low temperature air outlet of second heat exchanger (8) is communicated with ambient air, described high temperature suction port and low temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of second heat exchanger (8), the air outlet of first one-way valve (13), the air inlet/outlet of the suction port of second one-way valve (14) and the second buffering gas holder (12) interconnects, the air outlet of second one-way valve (14) is communicated with the low temperature suction port of second heat exchanger (8), the high temperature air outlet of second heat exchanger (8) is communicated with a port of the first buffering gas holder (11), described low temperature suction port and high temperature air outlet interconnect in the inside of second heat exchanger (8), another port of the first buffering gas holder (11) is communicated with the suction port of air intake valve (6), burner (10) is arranged on inside, firing chamber (9), the acting piston (1) when being in the summit drain tap (5) convert closed condition to from state, air intake valve (6) converts on state to from closed condition, and drain tap (5) converted on state to from closed condition when acting piston (1) was in the summit, air intake valve (6) converts closed condition to from state.

2. high-efficiency high temperature type internal-external mixed combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the outer surface increase of described occupy-place piston (3) has the high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation heat insulation layer, increases the high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation heat insulation layer at the internal surface that extends cylinder (4).

3. high-efficiency high temperature type internal-external mixed combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that increase has the high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation heat insulation layer between the joint of described acting piston (1) and occupy-place piston (3), increasing between the joint of acting cylinder (2) and extension cylinder (4) has the high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation heat insulation layer.