CN2289279Y - Tone correcting device for piano - Google Patents
Tone correcting device for piano Download PDFInfo
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- CN2289279Y CN2289279Y CN 96239714 CN96239714U CN2289279Y CN 2289279 Y CN2289279 Y CN 2289279Y CN 96239714 CN96239714 CN 96239714 CN 96239714 U CN96239714 U CN 96239714U CN 2289279 Y CN2289279 Y CN 2289279Y
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Abstract
The utility model provides a tone correcting device for pianos, which relates to computer science, electronics, and acoustics. The utility model is base on that the utility model makes sure the relationship of the ideal phonetic laws of a piano and the actual physical pitches, after the original sound signals are amplified, various interferences are filtered out, such as harmonic waves, etc.; the original sound signals are converted into square wave impulses; a timer and a counter which are positioned in a 80C31 single-chip microcomputer, time and number are recorded by the timer and the counter, each results are calculated after the comparison of high precision arithmetic subroutines and standard pitches, and the results are output on time to a liquid crystal display in the way of software interruption. The volume of the utility model is 18*11*2.5 cm < 3 >, and the utility model is used for improving the accuracy and efficiency of the monotonic laws of the piano.
Description
A kind of multi-functional piano tone correcting device relates to computer science, electronics, technical fields such as acoustics.Finish the adjustment of twelve-tone equal temperament on piano, be extensive use of " four, five degree round-robin methods ", promptly utilize the frequency multiplication of two frequencies poor, change recursion by phonic wheel, the reference note group is expanded to two ends again in the middle of finishing.Owing to be applicable to that the equal temperance of piano is different from pure rule, have or not beat tone so require temperament teacher to offer an explanation out, want more to estimate quantitatively that respectively to organize the frequency multiplication that is not quite similar between interval poor.Simultaneously, in order to reduce to change the cumulative errors that recursion causes by phonic wheel, introduced the gimmick than profundity such as three degree, six degree, harmony, but this be not general tuner can grasp, and the relation between its each sound is particularly complicated, make every group of interval all be transferred to comparatively difficulty of perfect condition.In addition, the piano musical note is not to be theoretic physical height, but has a bass on the low side, the deflection curve that high pitch is higher, and this has more increased the complicacy of temperament.
The development of electronics makes the frequency of accurately testing sound become possibility.So, develop some piano tone correcting devices abroad, but also exist some problems, mainly be the deflection curve of having ignored the piano musical note, and show not intuitively, can not accurately react the relative error of tested pitch and standard pitch, allomeric function a little less than.
The purpose of this utility model is to strengthen significantly the function of piano tone correcting device, fundamentally improves traditional temperament technology, relaxes the technical requirement to temperament person, and raises the efficiency.
This instrument employing minitype single-chip computing machine 80C31 control sensor and amplification, filtering circuit calculate the data of being gathered in real time, and demonstrate multinomial test result on the lattice liquid crystal display screens of 4 * 20 characters.
According to domestic and international research, the accuracy in pitch curve approximation of piano is shown in down in cubic parabola:
X＝0.000364463(Y-44.5)
3
X is the cent value of pitch side-play amount in the formula, and Y is a key number.
According to many-sided situation, formula need be done following correction:
When 14≤Y≤44, X=0.000364463 (Y-44.5)
3+ 0.00177778 (Y-29)
2-0.4
When 50≤Y≤78, X=0.000364463 (Y-44.5)
3-0.00612245 (Y-64)
2+ 1.2
Again can be by formula X=10
(0.000250858) YCalculate the ratio of difference on the frequency.
X is the ratio of difference on the frequency in the formula, and Y is the cent value of pitch side-play amount.
The instrument functional-block diagram is seen figure one, by acoustic pickup, polystage amplifier, controllable filter, display screen, microprocessor (hereinafter to be referred as CPU), ROM (read-only memory) (hereinafter to be referred as ROM), be coupled to each other with keyboard and form, CPU wherein, ROM and keyboard add address latch and connect by bus and auxiliary control signal and constitute Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system.Acoustic pickup connects first order integrated operational amplifier (hereinafter to be referred as amplifier) input end, first order amplifier output termination second level amplifier input end, second level amplifier output termination controllable filter input end, the controllable filter control end connects the single-chip microcomputer System Outlet, controllable filter output termination third level amplifier input end, third level amplifier output terminal connects fourth stage amplifier input end through resistance and diode network, fourth stage amplifier output terminal connects the outer interruption input port of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system through a not gate, and Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system connects display screen by bus and auxiliary control signal.After the necessary information of instrument input, instrument just is in test mode to the user by keyboard.Acoustic signals that acoustic pickup is received is delivered to controllable filter after amplifying through preceding two-stage, and controllable filter is determined the passband of wave filter according to the information of user's input, automatically with more effectively filtering noise jamming under the control of computing machine.Filtered signal becomes the pulse signal with the sound wave same frequency after through third level amplifier and by the nonlinear network of being made up of resistance and diode, after amplification and integer, finally convert square-wave signal again to the sound wave same frequency, be connected in machine and calculate the outer interruption input port of machine, for the computing machine counting.Each standard pronunciation frequency value that ROM is used for saved system software and calculates with the accuracy in pitch curvilinear function.Computing machine is a digit for one group with detected several square-wave pulses, directly calculate the frequency of tested acoustic signals according to the numerical value of self timer sum counter, compare with the standard pronunciation frequency of machine stored, and draw every result after further calculating, finally send display screen output.
This appliance circuit schematic diagram is seen figure two.CPU is 8 single-chip microcomputer 80C31.ROM is 64K * 1 ROM (read-only memory), is used for storage system software.4 * 3 keyboard is used for the user to the necessary information of instrument input, as imports key to be measured number etc.The integrated display module of DMC20434 all over the screenly can show 4 * 20 characters.ICL7660 can be converted to dual power supply with single supply, uses for amplifier.TL084 is a four high guaily unit, and the wave filter that its second level output connects is by Single-chip Controlling.Acoustic pickup is common electret capacitor microphone.
Acoustic pickup connects first order amplifier input end, first order amplifier output termination second level amplifier input end, second level amplifier output termination controllable filter input end, the controllable filter control end connects the single-chip microcomputer System Outlet, controllable filter output termination third level amplifier input end, third level amplifier output terminal is ground connection after two resistance series connection, series connection place of resistance connects the positive level of a diode, the negative level of diode connects fourth stage amplifier input end, the input end of a not gate of fourth stage amplifier output termination, the output of not gate connects the outer interruption input port of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, and Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system connects display screen by bus and auxiliary control signal.
Controllable filter is by two resistance, two filter capacitors (polarity free capacitor), two shunt capacitances (the polarity electrochemical capacitor is arranged) and six diodes are formed, one termination second level amplifier output terminal of its resistance 1, the other end of resistance 1 with link with the positive level of diode 1 again after an end of two filter capacitors connects respectively, after connecting, the negative level of the other end of filter capacitor 1 and diode 2 links with positive grade of diode 3 again, after linking with shunt capacitance, the negative level of diode 3 links with the delivery outlet end 1 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system again, after connecting, the negative level of the other end of filter capacitor 2 and diode 4 links with positive grade of diode 5 again, after linking respectively, the negative level of the negative level of diode 5 and diode 6 and shunt capacitance 2 positive grade link with the delivery outlet end 2 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system again, the positive level of diode 6 links with an end of resistance 2, after connecting, the negative level of the other end of resistance 2 and diode 1 links the positive level of diode 2 and diode 4 and and the positive level difference ground connection of two shunt capacitances again with third level amplifier input end.
Display screen passes through data bus, address bus, ' RD ' signal, ' WR ' signal and four rejection gates connect with CPU, the data bus of display screen connects the data bus of CPU, display screen ' RS ' termination address bus ' A0 ' end, display screen ' R/W ' termination address bus ' A1 ' end, display screen ' output terminal of E ' termination rejection gate 1, after linking, two input ends of rejection gate 1 connect the output terminal of rejection gate 2, one of input end of rejection gate 2 connects the output terminal of rejection gate 3, two of the input end of rejection gate 2 connects the output terminal of rejection gate 4, one of input end of rejection gate 3 connects CPU's ' RD ' end, connect after one of input end of two AND 4 of the input end of rejection gate 3 connects cpu address bus ' again A15 ' end, two of the input end of rejection gate 4 connects CPU's ' WR ' end.
CPU, ROM, latch and keyboard constitute Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, the data bus of CPU connects the data bus input end of latch, the low order address bus that latchs output termination ROM of latch, the address bus of the high address bus interface CPU of ROM, CPU's ' ALE ' signal connect latch ' G ' end, CPU's ' PSEN ' signal connect ROM's ' OE ' end, latch ' OC ' end and ROM ' CE ' termination low level, keyboard is the matrix intersection by high four bit ports of the input/output port of CPU and low three bit ports and forms.
The software systems of instrument mainly are made up of keyboard scan subroutine, counter interrupt service routine, timer interrupt service routine, high precision division subroutine, display subroutine.Software inventory is seen appendix.
This instrument is combined closely computer science and electronics and acoustics, makes instrument have characteristics such as all intellectualities of robot calculator, high-speed, high precision.
1, adopt quartz oscillator as test benchmark, stability is splendid.
2, the filter amplifier that uses a computer and control has reduced the influence that overtone harmony Strength Changes is brought.
3, gauge internal all decimally seven position effective digitals realize high-accuracy arithmetic, just being adjusted into five position effective digitals at last can be for showing.
4, testing standard signal time error can be less than 0.002%, actual measurement piano pitch is owing to influenced by various extraneous factors, the pitch of adding piano just changed along with the variation of volume originally, so average error about 0.04%, about 1 cent (still can reach 0.01% when environment is more satisfactory) meets and exceeds the requirement of piano tuning fully.
5, adopt the nonlinear function expression formula to calculate the standard physical pitch of each key by computing machine, guarantee that testing standard overlaps with the accuracy in pitch deflection curve of piano.
6, the benchmark pitch can be departed from ± 0.1%---± 9.9%, to adapt to different temperament needs.
7, p.s. result of calculation about 30 times, reflect the variation of tested pitch in real time.
8, because the humorous Strength Changes that involves of piano voice, and the influence that acoustic characteristic caused of test environment, can not guarantee that each test all can reach desirable effect, so ad hoc information of test result " confidence level ".Confidence level is determined according to close beta result's consistance by computing machine.
9, use giant-screen character pattern display screen, can show tested key number simultaneously, benchmark departs from (number percent), benchmark pitch (HZ), actual measurement pitch (HZ), error (number percent), every information such as confidence level.
10, the cumulative errors that classic method causes have been stopped in each key position independent test at all.
11, volume is little, only 18 * 11 * 2.5CM
3
Suggestion piano tuning industry is promoted the use of this instrument, not only raises the efficiency, and can seek unity of standard, and reduces the influence of the individual character of temperament Shi Benshen to the temperament result, realizes the temperament standardization.
Claims (6)
1. piano tone correcting device, it is characterized in that it is by acoustic pickup, controlled filtering and amplifier, display screen, microprocessor (hereinafter to be referred as CPU), ROM (read-only memory) (hereinafter to be referred as ROM) and keyboard constitute, acoustic pickup and controlled filtering and amplifier link, and controllable filter and amplifier and CPU link, and keyboard and CPU link, ROM and CPU link, and CPU and display screen link.
2. piano tone correcting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: CPU, ROM, latch and keyboard constitute Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, the data bus of CPU connects the data bus input end of latch, the low order address bus that latchs output termination ROM of latch, the address bus of the high address bus interface CPU of ROM, CPU's ' ALE ' signal connect latch ' G ' end, CPU's ' PSEN ' signal connect ROM's ' OE ' end, latch ' OC ' end and ROM ' CE ' termination low level, keyboard is the matrix intersection by high four bit ports of the input/output port of CPU and low three bit ports and forms.
3. piano tone correcting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: acoustic pickup connects first order integrated operational amplifier (hereinafter to be referred as amplifier) input end, first order amplifier output termination second level amplifier input end, second level amplifier output termination controllable filter input end, the controllable filter control end connects the single-chip microcomputer System Outlet, controllable filter output termination third level amplifier input end, third level amplifier output terminal is ground connection after two resistance series connection, series connection place of resistance connects the positive level of a diode, the negative level of diode connects fourth stage amplifier input end, the input end of a not gate of fourth stage amplifier output termination, the output of not gate connects the outer interruption input port of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, and Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system connects display screen by bus and auxiliary control signal.
4. piano tone correcting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: controllable filter is by two resistance, two filter capacitors (polarity free capacitor), two shunt capacitances (the polarity electrochemical capacitor is arranged) and six diodes are formed, one termination second level amplifier output terminal of its resistance 1, the other end of resistance 1 with link with the positive level of diode 1 again after an end of two filter capacitors connects respectively, after connecting, the negative level of the other end of filter capacitor 1 and diode 2 links with positive grade of diode 3 again, after linking with shunt capacitance, the negative level of diode 3 links with the delivery outlet end 1 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system again, after connecting, the negative level of the other end of filter capacitor 2 and diode 4 links with positive grade of diode 5 again, after linking respectively, the negative level of the negative level of diode 5 and diode 6 and shunt capacitance 2 positive grade link with the delivery outlet end 2 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system again, the positive level of diode 6 links with an end of resistance 2, after connecting, the negative level of the other end of resistance 2 and diode 1 links the positive level of diode 2 and diode 4 and and the positive level difference ground connection of two shunt capacitances again with third level amplifier input end.
5. piano tone correcting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: display screen passes through data bus, address bus, ' RD ' signal, ' WR ' signal and four rejection gates connect with CPU, the data bus of display screen connects the data bus of CPU, display screen ' RS ' termination address bus ' A0 ' end, display screen ' R/W ' termination address bus ' A1 ' end, display screen ' output terminal of E ' termination rejection gate 1, after linking, two input ends of rejection gate 1 connect the output terminal of rejection gate 2, one of input end of rejection gate 2 connects the output terminal of rejection gate 3, two of the input end of rejection gate 2 connects the output terminal of rejection gate 4, one of input end of rejection gate 3 connects CPU's ' RD ' end, connect cpu address bus after one of input end of two AND 4 of the input end of rejection gate 3 connects again ' A15 ' end, two of the input end of rejection gate 4 connects CPU's ' WR ' end.
6. piano tone correcting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the value of the standard pronunciation frequency of each key of piano is stored among the ROM.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96239714 CN2289279Y (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1996-11-07 | Tone correcting device for piano |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96239714 CN2289279Y (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1996-11-07 | Tone correcting device for piano |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2289279Y true CN2289279Y (en) | 1998-08-26 |
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ID=33914682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96239714 Expired - Fee Related CN2289279Y (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1996-11-07 | Tone correcting device for piano |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2289279Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101807391A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2010-08-18 | 李忠孝 | Piano automatic tone tuning device and automatic tone tuning method thereof |
| CN101625851B (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-02-16 | 肖智健 | Method for displaying spectrum curve of music to be tested and equipment thereof |
-
1996
- 1996-11-07 CN CN 96239714 patent/CN2289279Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101625851B (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-02-16 | 肖智健 | Method for displaying spectrum curve of music to be tested and equipment thereof |
| CN101807391A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2010-08-18 | 李忠孝 | Piano automatic tone tuning device and automatic tone tuning method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |