CN2057746U - Digital temperament apparatus for piano - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a device in aspects of temperament adjustment and tone calibration for musical instruments, which is suitable for adjusting the temperament of pianos and calibrating the tone for musical forks and other musical instruments. The digital temperament adjusting apparatus utilizes all piano tone scales as reference to meet calibration features of human ears generated by the technique of a single chip microcomputer. The utility model utilizes a detection probe to detect vibration frequency of strings, displays tone values of errors by digits, makes up the shortages of resolution capacity of the human ears, and achieves the purpose of accurate temperament adjustment. The utility model breaks a traditional method of auditory temperament adjustment, and meanwhile, provides advanced methods and equipment for music temperament study, and music instrument production and test.

Description

Digital temperament apparatus for piano

The utility model belongs to the temperament of musical instrument, the equipment of accuracy in pitch verification aspect.

The piano of accuracy in pitch imbalance, its quality is senior howsoever, its sound also can make us can't stand as noise, equally, piano by 12 average rates mix up to treble and bass area, sounds that the accuracy in pitch deviation is many more more, this be since 12 average rates not in full conformity with human hearing characteristic, so accuracy in pitch and musical note are the life of musical instrument.At present, though existing both at home and abroad high-precision tuning fork and electronic tonometer can be with helping temperament, but tuning fork and CALIBRATION all are by design of twelve-tone equal temperament system and manufacturing, and CALIBRATION is also only done middle pitch area part sound, treble and bass area all depart from twelve-tone equal temperament and the musical note of piano is acoustically, so adjustment of piano musical note, traditional practice remains with behind tuning fork or the CALIBRATION adjustment reference note, temperament teacher utilizes and closes string by the sense of hearing other string of harmonizing, owing to be subjected to the restriction of human auditory system resolution characteristic, (general 5 cents, sense of hearing resolution characteristic treble and bass area people is poorer) so, both made temperament teacher of high level, an also extremely difficult whole piano string are transferred very accurately.

The utility model be with the present age state-of-the-art microcomputer technology be applied to temperament, produce the high-precision A meet people's ear correcting feature with controlled by single chip microprocessor ₂To C ⁵All the piano scale is as the temperament reference note, the vibration of using the detection probe fast detecting in the utility model to go out piano string (and the metallic cord of tuning fork or other musical instrument or reed) simultaneously, be input to microcomputer, compare by the benchmark of being stored in system controlled by computer and its internal memory, calculate, demonstrate the cent value of accuracy in pitch error simultaneously with numeral, maximum display error is ± 0.5 cent, with helping temperament personnel temperament, improved the resolution characteristic of people to accuracy in pitch, so both make the layman who was not subjected to the temperament training, and used the utility model also to be easy to the piano musical note is harmonized.This is the purpose of this utility model just.The utility model also can be used to verification musical instrument accuracy in pitch except being used for piano tuning, the tuning fork verification, and the utility model also is the research of music rule system simultaneously, musical instrument production provides advanced means and equipment with check or the like.

Below the utility model is elaborated:

The digital piano tuning instrument of the utility model is by detection probe, and temperament instrument unit and high-fidelity monitoring headpone are formed.(figure one) temperament instrument unit is by cabinet, keyboard and display panel (figure two), and hardware circuit (figure three), and Control Software (program) is formed.

In order to simplify and to be convenient to operation, repertoire operates under the software support and is finished by 25 keys.88 reference notes of piano produce with 9 group keys and 12 musical alphabet key combination controls, and 12 musical alphabet keys are used with one group of corresponding to black and white of octave key of keyboard instrument and represented, expression button operation light emitting diode is equipped with in every key top whether effectively.(figure four)

The scope of piano rule system scale reference note is from two groups of A of big word ₂To five groups of C of small character ⁵In full accord with the piano range.(also can produce lower or higher sound as required certainly, or other rule system.）

Function key STRT, expression is carried out, and after button is identified, loudspeaker will send the continuous reference note of putting (or metronome) that gives.

Function key TEST, the expression test, the reference note of putting that gives will intermittently send, at reference note between the emergence period, the temperament personnel can rely on the sense of hearing to adjust the string pitch, and at test period, and (reference note not sounding) during this period can adjust the string pitch by observing charactron.

After function key RHYT is identified, 10 keys are redefined and are digital 0-9 in 12 musical alphabet keys, this moment, 3 charactrons showed the beat number that gives putting, giving the effective range of putting the beat number can define as required, be defined as 40-240 bat/per minute at present, the STRT key efficiency confirmed the operation after, beat is shown synchronously by acousto-optic.

Top, input port light emitting diode shows two kinds of functions, time-sharing multiplex for detecting input signal and beat luminous point.

For any faulty operation, instrument all can send alerting tone, is not admitted with the expression operation, should operate again.

All hardware circuits are controlled by single chip microcomputer program, meet 88 piano reference notes of human hearing characteristic and are produced by software, for the ease of filtering, make that tonequality is pure, the garden profit, A ₂To c ⁵Divide A ₂-B, C-b ³, c ³-c ⁵Export respectively by microcomputer three Tiaokou lines for three sections.Because single chip microcomputer clock highest frequency has certain limitation, if directly produce reference note with software, then the error of each sound of treble will be bigger, in order to improve the reference note precision, can take at c ³-c ⁵Section produces lower frequency with software, and is corresponding to delivery outlet employing hardware circuit frequency doubling technology, makes sound reach the reference note rated frequency.A ₂-B, C-b ₂Because frequency is lower, it is enough high to produce reference note precision itself with software, need not further technology processing.Article three, the delivery outlet line is connected to the low-pass filter of three groups of different numerical value respectively, so that sound is purer, the garden profit.

Sensor is input in the low noise detection amplifier after the vibration of piano string, becomes the standard rectangular wave through amplification, shaping etc.In order to improve measuring accuracy, earlier through the several times frequency division, be input to Microcomputer Detecting mouth line again after the shaping, microcomputer compares the benchmark in detected input signal and the internal memory, demonstrates the cent value of instantaneous accuracy in pitch error with numeral.Whole test process is by micro-computer controlled realization.Systematic survey and display error are less than ± 0.5 cent, and display resolution is 1 cent, show that maximum magnitude is ± 50 cents.

Detection probe is the variable reluctance vibro-pickup.It is to constitute with high strength enamelled wire coiling line bag on permanent-magnet steel, the garden shape double layer screen layer that outer useful copper sheet of online bag and iron sheet are made.(figure five) this vibro-pickup has higher sensitivity and stronger directivity, has overcome the shortcoming that microphone is influenced by neighbourhood noise simultaneously.It is to aim at bigger workshop use of neighbourhood noise and design.Certainly the utility model uses microphone also can detect the string vibration.

Experiment showed, and use the utility model can make the piano tuning accuracy in pitch improve an order of magnitude.

The detailed description of each figure:

The composition of figure one digital piano tuning instrument

Among the figure: 1, detection probe 2, temperament instrument unit 3, high-fidelity monitoring headpone

Figure two temperament unit front panels (keyboard and demonstration)

Among the figure: 1, the accuracy in pitch error shows or 3 charactrons of tempo demonstration

2, show with light emitting diode (totally 26)

Figure three hardware circuit block schemes

Figure quadruple linkage dish Pareto diagram

Figure five variable magnetic-resistance type transducers

Among the figure: 1, permanent-magnet steel 2, line bag 3, the double layer screen layer formed by copper sheet and iron sheet.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of practical digital formula piano tuning instrument, the temperament instrument is made up of detection probe, temperament instrument unit and high-fidelity monitoring headpone, it is characterized in that whole hardware are controlled by single chip microcomputer program, and temperament instrument unit produces the A that meets human ear characteristic with software ₂To C ⁵All the piano scale is done reference note, detect the vibration of piano string with the variable reluctance vibro-pickup, the cent value that shows the accuracy in pitch error with numeral, in order to improve the accuracy in pitch precision, in hardware circuit, adopted frequency doubling technology,, in hardware, adopted frequency splitting technology in order to improve measuring accuracy, repertoire adopts array mode to finish by 25 keys under the software support, and reference note produces A by 9 group keys and 12 musical alphabet key control ₂To C ⁵Totally 88 sounds, 12 musical alphabet keys are used with one group of corresponding to black and white of octave key of keyboard instrument and are represented, and whether effectively every key top has expression button operation light emitting diode.

2, according to right 1 described temperament instrument, it is characterized in that having adopted system software.

3,, it is characterized in that adopting in the hardware circuit frequency multiplication and frequency splitting technology to improve reference note precision and measuring accuracy according to right 1 described temperament instrument unit.

4,, it is characterized in that detecting the variable reluctance detection probe that vibration of string uses according to right 1 described temperament instrument.

5,, it is characterized in that the panel and keypad arrangement according to right 1 described temperament instrument unit.

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